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Aprendizagem organizacional no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos: investigação do conhecimento declarativo no contexto da sistemática de satage-gates
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25) Silva, Mariana Maciel da; Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
The companies inserted in the current dynamic context have discovered different ways to accomplish their activities and manage their processes. Regarding to NPD (New Product Development) process, it is possible to observe the adoption by companies of practices that enable better performance, efficient results and the continuous improvement of the process. The Stage-gates systematic can be considered as an example of these practices. This systematic divides the NPD in Stages interchanged by review and decision points, named gates. The gates goals are to evaluate accomplished activities, of which scope must be aligned to business strategy, and to decide if the condition of the process is to continue, to be postponed, to be recycled or even to be cancelled. Moreover, this systematic allows to structure moments to analyze the NPD process performance and manage continuous improvement, factors linked to creation and improvement of NPD process competences, that is, to learning organizational competences. The purpose of this work is to list the existing and explicit activities in the context of product development projects, and to discuss their association to the elements of the Declarative Knowledge of Organizational Learning. The research method was the case study, with characteristics of qualitative and descriptive analysis. The case was conducted in a Brazilian business unit of a multinational automotive company, through visits in order to follow some meetings and to interview people involved in the studied projects. The results of this work are the description and analysis of existing activities in NDP process that can be associated to the elements of Declarative Knowledge of Organizational Learning in the cross-team and within-team learning environment. Many practices, in the studied company, are almost ready to be used as learning activities addressed by Declarative Knowledge elements such as registering, reviewing, relating, keeping and sharing. These elements are presented in the company, especially in technical activities, but it is a matter of conscience to use them as improvement opportunities during the development process management.
Recursos hídricos superficiais da área urbana e de expansão da cidade de São Carlos, SP - estudo multitemporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25) Molina Junior, Vitor Eduardo; Röhm, Sergio Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
The purpose of achieving a multitemporal study of evolution of impacts in the hydric resources for São Carlos city, SP, it was elaborated an analysis of interaction among the superficial hydric resources and fountainhead of the studied area with the urban evolution from 1962 to 2002. Besides, it was observed how the execution of forestal code was given in the studied periods . To reach the research´s purposes, the sceneries were obtained from 1962, 1972, 1998 and 2002 using the techniques of remote sensoring and GIS. For the sceneries of 1962 and 1972, aerial photos were used in the approximate scale of 1:25000. For the scenery of 1998, aerial photos were used in the scale of 1:8000, and for the scenery of 2002, orbital image Landsat 7 Etm+ was used. From the obtained results, it was possible to detect that the hydric resources suffered interference of urban evolution, like bury of fountainhead and impermeabilization of the canal of streams and areas around these ones. At last, the work showed a description of impacts of superficials hydrics resources and some areas were emphasized that must be protected to guarantee the sustainable of hydrics resources that weren´t affected by antrophic action, yet.
Percepção do portador de deficiência física com relação à qualidade dos espaços de circulação urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25) Orlandi, Silvia Cristina; Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
This research presents the results of a survey that was carried out with wheelchair users and mobility-impaired people. The focus of the survey was in identifying the importance of the physical and environmental variables that characterize the sidewalks according to the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality. Initially, the identification and organization of the variables were obtained by an iterative survey method with specialists in the areas of engineering, architecture, urban planning, physical therapy, occupational therapy and human mobility. This process resulted in a consensus regarding the variables that can be related to the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality. The characteristics selected by the specialists, as measures of the quality of the sidewalks were included in a survey with wheelchair users and mobility-impaired people in order to evaluate the importance attributed by them to each of the characteristics. It was found that their perception not always matches the hierarchy of importance of the variable as evaluated by the specialists. The objective population priorizes the physical characteristics of the sidewalks that offer a minimum of movement condition, rather then those that offer additional quality conditions in the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality.
Efeitos da temperatura nas respostas cardio-respiratórias e na respiração aérea acessória de JEJU, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Erytrinidae) aclimatados a 15, 20, 25 e 30°C e submetidos a variações de O2 ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25) Oliveira, Rosenil Dias de; Rantin, Francisco Tadeu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
Tropical fish generally inhabit environments with high temperatures and low dissolved oxygen. Along the evolutionary process several species developed mechanisms of air-breathing in order to compensate the oxygen demands caused by the aquatic hypoxia. These mechanisms required anatomical, physiological and biochemical adaptations. Studies on the effects of hypoxia and temperature changes on fish involve the comprehension of the cardio-respiratory mechanisms of compensation. The present study was addressed to determine the cardio-respiratory and air-breathing responses of jeju, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus, which utilize the swimming bladder as an organ for accessory respiration in the air, submitted to gradual hypoxia after acclimation to 15, 20, 25 and 30oC. The oxygen uptake ( &VO2 ), gill ventilation ( G V& ) breathing frequency (fR), ventilation volume (VT) and the O2 extraction from the ventilatory current (EO2) were obtained for specimens of jeju (Wt = 209,7 ± 5 g) by flow-trough respirometry. The air-breathing frequency (fRA) and time spent in air-breathing (TRA) were determined by means of an experimental chamber specially constructed for this purpose. Independently of the acclimation temperature, jeju responded to hypoxia as an oxyregulator, i. e., the species was able to keep constant &VO2 in response to graded hypoxia until reach a critical oxygen tension (PcO2). The mean &VO2 values at each acclimation temperature, before reaching the PcO2, were: 47 ± 0,8 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (15°C), 82 ± 0,3 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (20°C), 104 ± 2,6 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (25°C) and 112 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (30°C). The PcO2 for each acclimation temperature were 28, 33, 41 e 52 mmHg, respectively. The increased reductions on PcO2 as acclimation temperatures rose from 15 to 30oC showed that this species presents partial compensation (or type 3 compensation) to temperature increases. Jeju increased the G V& to compensate the graded hypoxia due to higher increments on VT than in fR. This kind of compensation, however, was not enough to keep a constant EO2, which decreased gradually in response to graded hypoxia in all acclimation temperature. At 25 and 30°C the fH were significantly higher than at 15 and 20oC. Hypoxic bradicardia was not recorded at 15 and 20oC and at 25 and 30°C it only occurred below the PcO2. The different PcO2 were also the threshold for the development of accessory air-breathing in all acclimation temperatures. Increases in both fRA and TRA were inversely proportional to the water PO2 reductions and directly proportional to the acclimation temperature.