Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2003-04-25"

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Efeitos da temperatura nas respostas cardio-respiratórias e na respiração aérea acessória de JEJU, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Erytrinidae) aclimatados a 15, 20, 25 e 30°C e submetidos a variações de O2 ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25)
Oliveira, Rosenil Dias de
;
Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
Tropical fish generally inhabit environments with high temperatures and low dissolved oxygen. Along the evolutionary process several species developed mechanisms of air-breathing in order to compensate the oxygen demands caused by the aquatic hypoxia. These mechanisms required anatomical, physiological and biochemical adaptations. Studies on the effects of hypoxia and temperature changes on fish involve the comprehension of the cardio-respiratory mechanisms of compensation. The present study was addressed to determine the cardio-respiratory and air-breathing responses of jeju, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus, which utilize the swimming bladder as an organ for accessory respiration in the air, submitted to gradual hypoxia after acclimation to 15, 20, 25 and 30oC. The oxygen uptake ( &VO2 ), gill ventilation ( G V& ) breathing frequency (fR), ventilation volume (VT) and the O2 extraction from the ventilatory current (EO2) were obtained for specimens of jeju (Wt = 209,7 ± 5 g) by flow-trough respirometry. The air-breathing frequency (fRA) and time spent in air-breathing (TRA) were determined by means of an experimental chamber specially constructed for this purpose. Independently of the acclimation temperature, jeju responded to hypoxia as an oxyregulator, i. e., the species was able to keep constant &VO2 in response to graded hypoxia until reach a critical oxygen tension (PcO2). The mean &VO2 values at each acclimation temperature, before reaching the PcO2, were: 47 ± 0,8 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (15°C), 82 ± 0,3 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (20°C), 104 ± 2,6 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (25°C) and 112 mlO2.kg-1h-1 (30°C). The PcO2 for each acclimation temperature were 28, 33, 41 e 52 mmHg, respectively. The increased reductions on PcO2 as acclimation temperatures rose from 15 to 30oC showed that this species presents partial compensation (or type 3 compensation) to temperature increases. Jeju increased the G V& to compensate the graded hypoxia due to higher increments on VT than in fR. This kind of compensation, however, was not enough to keep a constant EO2, which decreased gradually in response to graded hypoxia in all acclimation temperature. At 25 and 30°C the fH were significantly higher than at 15 and 20oC. Hypoxic bradicardia was not recorded at 15 and 20oC and at 25 and 30°C it only occurred below the PcO2. The different PcO2 were also the threshold for the development of accessory air-breathing in all acclimation temperatures. Increases in both fRA and TRA were inversely proportional to the water PO2 reductions and directly proportional to the acclimation temperature.
Recursos hídricos superficiais da área urbana e de expansão da cidade de São Carlos, SP - estudo multitemporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25)
Molina Junior, Vitor Eduardo
;
Röhm, Sergio Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
The purpose of achieving a multitemporal study of evolution of impacts in the hydric resources for São Carlos city, SP, it was elaborated an analysis of interaction among the superficial hydric resources and fountainhead of the studied area with the urban evolution from 1962 to 2002. Besides, it was observed how the execution of forestal code was given in the studied periods . To reach the research´s purposes, the sceneries were obtained from 1962, 1972, 1998 and 2002 using the techniques of remote sensoring and GIS. For the sceneries of 1962 and 1972, aerial photos were used in the approximate scale of 1:25000. For the scenery of 1998, aerial photos were used in the scale of 1:8000, and for the scenery of 2002, orbital image Landsat 7 Etm+ was used. From the obtained results, it was possible to detect that the hydric resources suffered interference of urban evolution, like bury of fountainhead and impermeabilization of the canal of streams and areas around these ones. At last, the work showed a description of impacts of superficials hydrics resources and some areas were emphasized that must be protected to guarantee the sustainable of hydrics resources that weren´t affected by antrophic action, yet.
Aprendizagem organizacional no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos: investigação do conhecimento declarativo no contexto da sistemática de satage-gates
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25)
Silva, Mariana Maciel da
;
Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
The companies inserted in the current dynamic context have discovered different ways to accomplish their activities and manage their processes. Regarding to NPD (New Product Development) process, it is possible to observe the adoption by companies of practices that enable better performance, efficient results and the continuous improvement of the process. The Stage-gates systematic can be considered as an example of these practices. This systematic divides the NPD in Stages interchanged by review and decision points, named gates. The gates goals are to evaluate accomplished activities, of which scope must be aligned to business strategy, and to decide if the condition of the process is to continue, to be postponed, to be recycled or even to be cancelled. Moreover, this systematic allows to structure moments to analyze the NPD process performance and manage continuous improvement, factors linked to creation and improvement of NPD process competences, that is, to learning organizational competences. The purpose of this work is to list the existing and explicit activities in the context of product development projects, and to discuss their association to the elements of the Declarative Knowledge of Organizational Learning. The research method was the case study, with characteristics of qualitative and descriptive analysis. The case was conducted in a Brazilian business unit of a multinational automotive company, through visits in order to follow some meetings and to interview people involved in the studied projects. The results of this work are the description and analysis of existing activities in NDP process that can be associated to the elements of Declarative Knowledge of Organizational Learning in the cross-team and within-team learning environment. Many practices, in the studied company, are almost ready to be used as learning activities addressed by Declarative Knowledge elements such as registering, reviewing, relating, keeping and sharing. These elements are presented in the company, especially in technical activities, but it is a matter of conscience to use them as improvement opportunities during the development process management.
Percepção do portador de deficiência física com relação à qualidade dos espaços de circulação urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-25)
Orlandi, Silvia Cristina
;
Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
This research presents the results of a survey that was carried out with wheelchair users and mobility-impaired people. The focus of the survey was in identifying the importance of the physical and environmental variables that characterize the sidewalks according to the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality. Initially, the identification and organization of the variables were obtained by an iterative survey method with specialists in the areas of engineering, architecture, urban planning, physical therapy, occupational therapy and human mobility. This process resulted in a consensus regarding the variables that can be related to the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality. The characteristics selected by the specialists, as measures of the quality of the sidewalks were included in a survey with wheelchair users and mobility-impaired people in order to evaluate the importance attributed by them to each of the characteristics. It was found that their perception not always matches the hierarchy of importance of the variable as evaluated by the specialists. The objective population priorizes the physical characteristics of the sidewalks that offer a minimum of movement condition, rather then those that offer additional quality conditions in the aspects of comfort, safety and environmental quality.
Variabilidade genética e de compostos voláteis e semi-voláteis em populações nativas de llex paraguariensis (St. Hil.) do Brasil, visando a conservação da espécie
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-29)
Cansian, Rogério Luis
;
Echeverrigaray, Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5630031784004533
Ilex paraguariensis, known as mate tea, is processed in many ways and commercialized as tea, soluble powder, essences, and processed leaves for preparation of mate tea without sugar ( chimarrão and tererê ). Aiming the conservation of this species, this work studied the intra- and interpopulational genetic variabilities of I. paraguariensis and its volatiles and semi-volatiles composition in 20 populations inside the area of incidence of this species in Brazil. Paternity tests were also performed to identify a favorable crossing for obtaining lineages with the characteristics of interest, reducing then the impact of extractive harvest on the native plants. Genetic variability of I. paraguariensis analyzed by RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) is lower to the reported variability in other dioic arboreal species. Intrapopulational variability is higher than interpopulational in this species. In intra and interpopulational studies alleles with the same allele sequence were identified, as well as alleles with very different sequences, what evidences the incidence of genetic flux among populations that are close geographically, but with alleles specific of each population. The environmental differences taken into account were not enough to explain genetic and chemical differences found among the populations. These results show the possibility of influences of microenvironmental factors and non-analyzed genes in the analyzed chemical composition of mate tea leaves. The population of Ponta Porã, geographically separated from the others, proved to be genetically distinct. Species-specific fragments were obtained for I. paraguariensis, I. dumosa and I. theezans. However, more studies for confirmation and utilization of such fragments must be carried out. The differences in the volatiles and semivolatiles composition among the populations turned their separation possible, and may be useful for identification and inclusion of genotypes, superior in specific compounds, in germoplasm collections. For conservation of this species in germoplasm collections ex situ, material collecting must be based on genetic analysis, as well as on geographical distribution, due to the higher intrapopulational variability and occurrence of rare alleles in the species. The RAPD technique may be used for paternity identification, mainly in arboreal species, making possible to obtain genetic improvement by performing controlled crossings. Based on these results, it was possible the discussion concerning the conservation aspects of this species.
Variabilidade genética e de compostos voláteis e semi-voláteis em Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reiss
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-29)
Mossi, Altemir José
;
Echeverrigaray, Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5630031784004533
Genetic and chemical variability of Maytenus ilicifolia Maytenus ilicifolia is a native plant of Southern Brazil commonly used as a popular medicine for indigestion, gastritis and ulcers. The large use of this plant has increased the degradation of the species, and thus it is presently included in FAO´s list for priority species for studying and conservation in South America. In this context, this work aimed to contribute with studies that help the conservation of this species. Initially, a survey in herbaria and in the field was performed to identify the incidence and distribution of the genus Maytenus in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Three new species (M. glaucenscens Reiss, M. gonoclada Mart. and M. robusta Reiss) were found in this State. The genetic variability study of three populations showed that the intrapopulational variation (variance from 0.102 to 0.140) is higher than the interpopulational (variance between 0.076 and 0.099%). The three populations analyzed grouped themselves with low significance level and 7.6% of the present alleles are rare. The genetic variability study involving 18 native populations of Maytenus ilicifolia, Maytenus aquifolia and Maytenus evonymoidis demonstrated that the species may be separated with 100% of confidence, and that M. ilicifolia and M. aquifolia are genetically more similar. The populations of Maytenus ilicifolia analyzed formed three groups with low confidence levels. Group I included the populations of Ponta Porã, group II the populations of Santana do Livramento, Vale Verde, Canguçu and Unistalda, and group III was formed by the other 13 populations. A similarity in the genetic and environmental grouping of such species was observed. The chemical characterization was performed by gas chromatography of the extracts obtained with high pressure CO2. An increase in the yield of extract was obtained when the temperature of extraction as well as the solvent density were increased. The compounds that presented higher yield in the first fractions were dodecanoic acid, geranyl acetone, phytol, squalene, vitamin E and stigmast-5-enol. The compounds friedelan-3-ol and friedelin were extracted in higher yields in the following fractions. The chemical variability study of the volatile and semi-volatile compounds of populations of M. ilicifolia showed a yield of extract (0,488 a 0,976 %) significantly different between the populations. In addition no relation between the chemical and environmental or between the chemical and genetic grouping could be established.
Educação de mestiços em famílias inter-raciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-30)
Brito, Angela Ernestina Cardoso de
;
Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
This study aims at aprehending how and in what circumstances families formed by couples of different ethnic-racial origins, being one black and one white, prepare and/or assist their children to face the discrimination the might undergo in consequence of racism againt afro-americans. In oerder to achieve the goal, parents and children of two interracial families were interviewed, in a total of seven interviews. We tried to deepen the knowledge on socilization of mixed offsprings within interracial families, from the statements of the parents and the child. The data obtained and analyzed allow us to conclude that the families use up some strategies to assist hteir children in facing the problem of racism and racial discrimination, even though there are difficulties in elaborating them, and they do not constitute, at least apparently, a priority in children education. However, it was possible to observe that there is a construction of racial belonging, and orientation on possible discriminatory acts kids may undergo. Thus, the orientation is associated to discriminatory experiences lived by the children within the expanded family, at school, on the street, in clubs, being attached to strong affective bonds.
Preconceitos e discriminações raciais: um olhar de professoras sobre seus(suas) alunos(as) negros(as).
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-30)
Chiarello, Rosana Aparecida Peronti
;
Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
Qualidade da água e fluxos de nutrientes na interface sedimento-água nas represas do Rio Tietê
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-04-30)
Soares, Aluisio
;
Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
The first Law of Fick in one dimension was utilized for the calculation of those fluxes. In this work was calculated the concentrations of the following chemical species: nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, total nitrogen, orthophosphate, total phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), cloride, fluoride, sulfate and silica reactive, as well as the biogeochemicals variables in situ: pH, redox potential , electric conductivity, temperature and dissolved oxigen. The Billings reservoir presented the highest fluxes from the sediment to the water column for nitrate, ammonium, chloride and sulfate: 178, 2181, 2945 and 5821 mg cm-2 year-1, respectively, denoting that this environment is suffering great contribution of these nutrients and consequently presents a larger fluxes for the water column. A study of seasonal variation in the water columm of Barra Bonita reservoir was also done for evaluate in the water column in the Barra Bonita reservoir for evaluate the behavior distribution of the chemical species during a complete hidrologic year. The data, for most of the studied variables indicated that during the drought period occurs a decreasing in concentrations, which can infer that those elements should have anthropogenic origin. The nitrate concentration, reaches a pick of 1,9 mg L-1 for the water column in the period of smaller pluviometer index, is one of the indicators of this tendency. Another data group was sampled for the same parameters and refer to the verification of the bedding stratification occurrence in the water column of Barra Bonita reservoir. The result demonstrated that these phenomenon does not happen for this reservoir because the variation in the concentration of the studied variables reflect only the dynamics of the reservoir for your handling, in addiction, there is not separation of masses of water in different horizontal layers caused by differences of temperatures and chemical water composition.
Composição de rotífera em corpos d'água da bacia do rio Tietê São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-09)
Lucinda, Irene
;
Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0406853529281876
Rotifera composition in four Units of Management of Water Resources of Tietê River, in São Paulo State, was studied. Samples were obtained using a 35µm plankton net pulled, horizontally and vertically, through limnetic and littoral regions and, afterwards, fixed with 4% formalin. One hundred and ninety nine taxa were identified. These belong to 23 families of subclass Monogononta. The families Lecanidae, Brachionidae, Trichocercidae, Notommatidae, Lepadellidae and Testudinellidae, commons in tropical environments, are best represented. Keratella cochlearis, Lecane bulla, Polyarthra aff. vulgaris and bdelloids are present in almost all localities sampled. Lecane bulla, Lecane closterocerca, Colurella uncinata f. bicuspidata and genera Euchlanis occurred preferentially in littoral, among the macrophytes. There isnt relation between richness of Rotifera and limnology variables associated to trophic status of water. Others environmental components must be investigate. The occurrence and/or dominance of some species seem to be associated to high trophic status of water, per example: genera Brachionus, Pompholyx and Anuraeopsis and species Filinia opoliensis, Kellicottia bostoniensis, Keratella cochlearis var. tecta, K. tropica, K. lenzi lenzi and Trichocerca capucina multicrinis. The high dominance of Conochilus unicornis seems to be associated to waters of lawest trophic status. Almost all the reservoirs seem to have less similarity on the Rotifera fauna due to the occurrence of almost rare and/or casual species. Thirty one new occurrences for São Paulo State, including four new for Neotropical Region, are recorded.
Grandeza pelo trabalho: formação de trabalhadores e cultura do trabalho em Jaraguá do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-12)
Santos, Ademir Valdir dos
;
Buffa, Ester
Ciclo hidrológico e dinâmico de dois rios intermitentes da região semi-árida do Brasil, com ênfase em macrófitas aquáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-15)
Pedro, Fábio
;
Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
The semi-arid region of Brazil presents rivers and intermittent streams with flood occurrence and of drought in different frequencies, intensity and duration. These events act as agents of hydrologic disturbance and they are decisive in the characteristics of the aquatic macophytes, in the concentrations of nutrients and in the fluvial geomorphology. This study was accomplished during the hydrologic cycles of 1999 and 2000 in two intermittent rivers of the semi-arid area of Brazil: a permanent pond in the stream Avelós (ephemeral) and two temporary ponds in the river Taperoá (temporary). The objectives were: (1) to determine the occurrence and the variation of the biomass of the species of aquatic macrophytes, (2) to determine the dynamics of nitrogen, ortophosphate, organic matter and particulate matter in the superficial water and hiporheic and in the fluvial sediment and parafluvial, (3) to verify the effects of the hydrologic variation in the level of the water and in the thickness of the sediment. Twenty-one visits were accomplished in the field during the weting phases, drying and dry. The sampling of the macrophytes for the study of the biomass was made in agreement with the method of the squares, the nitrate and the ortophosphate by the methodology pattern, and the variations geomorphology they were calculated through measures of the level of the water and thickness of the sediment. They happened floods in different frequency and magnitude during the study. The ephemeral stream presented phase of larger drought than the temporary river. The flood was a decisive factor in the occurrence and in the composition of the structure of aquatic macrophytes, in the concentrations of nutrients and in the geomorphology fluvial of the ponds. The macrophytes communities subject to floods they present smaller wealth when compared to those of atmospheres without the disturbance. The largest productivity values, biomass and the smallest time for the beginning of the recolonization happened in the flood of intermediate level. The concentrations of nutrients had significant increases in the flood phase, followed by falls of the values in the drying phase. The temporary ponds acted as areas of concentration of particulate matter in the drying phases and dry. The sediment was transported in the form of pulses. The largest significant variations in the depth and in the thickness of the sediment they happened in the phase drying and after events with intermediate magnitude.
Uma ferramenta da apoio à engenharia reversa orientada a objetos de legados - FAROOL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-19)
Prado, Milene
;
Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
This project objectives the development of a support tool to the reverse engineering process for procedimental legacy systems implemented in COBOL, in order to be facilitating their recovery. The FAROOL (Ferramenta de Apoio à engenharia Reversa Orientada a Objetos de Legados) is a guide to software engineers in the reverse engineering process that is based on pre-defined heuristics, so that guided models to the objects are obtained from systems implemented in COBOL. FAROOL addresses two phases, in special, in the process of object guided reverse engineering. The first phase is the Elaboration of the MASA (Modelo de Análise do Sistema Atual, when a legacy systems model of pseudoguided objects is created. The second phase is of MAS Elaboration (Modelo de Análise do Sistema), when a totally model of guided objects is create, being based on the previous model (MASA). By applying the FAROOL, the software engineers are guided so that the reverse engineering process is materialized. First, the preparation of the system is made, aid of the Legacy Aid CASE tool, integrated to the FAROOL tool through macros.They follow the determination of the candidates classes, of the candidates attributes and of the candidates methods of the MASA model, that can become candidates to the class, to the attributes and to the methods, respectively, of the MAS model. Special heuristics are followed for the confection of the relationships between the candidate class in the model of guided objects. All the information are stored in a relational database, facilitating to the task of the software engineer in the reverse engineering process. The Delphi environment; the relational database Interbase; and the Legacy Aid tool were used in the elaboration of the FAROOL.
Caracterização dos processos eletroquímicos em filmes automontados de poli(o-metoxianilina) e poli(ácido-3-tiofeno acético)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-19)
Strixino, Francisco Trivinho
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400
In this work, the electrochemical characterization of a self-assembled film containing two conductive polymers, poly(o-methoxyanilina)(POMA) and poly(3- thiophene acetic acid)(PTAA), is presented. The technique that allows to obtain these films is known as layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition. It consists in a spontaneous adsorption of species with opposite charges. The technique used for the electrochemical characterization was cyclic voltammetry coupled with mass variation using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), which allows the characterization of the LBL film mass/charge transport during the redox process. Electroacoustic impedance experiments of the LBL films with different number of bilayers show that the viscoelastic and mechanic tension properties do not change significantly in the potential range studied. Therefore, allowing the use of the Sauerbrey equation for converting the frequency values in mass values. The charge compensation mechanism was determined using the species flux (ions+solvent molecules) compared with POMA those casting films. The POMA-PTAA LBL film presents a charge compensation mechanism due to simultaneous intercalation of cations and anions. This behavior suggests the existence of a pseudo-self-doping mechanism related to carboxilic lateral groups interactions through the alternating layers structure of POMA-PTAA. The charge in the deprotonated carboxilic groups neutralize the charge generation of the imina groups present in the POMA backbone, which gives a decrease of the total mass change of the film. In this sense, the LBL technique could be an alternative method to prepare conducting polymer films modifying their electrochemistry properties.
O comportamento agressivo de crianças do sexo masculino na escola e sua relação com violência doméstica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-22)
Maldonado, Daniela Patricia Ado
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
Aggressive behavior is one of behaviors that cause more problems to social interaction, implicating in a transgression of human rights. The present study aimed at studying aggressive behaviors of male children in school and its elation to domestic violence. For such purpose, 28 male children of low economic status, were evaluated, 14 of them showed aggression in schools (Group A) and were compared to 14 children of same sex and income who did not present aggression (Group B). Data were initially gathered by children s teachers in three elementary schools of the city of São Carlos, using the Teachers Perception of Children s Aggressive Behaviors in School Scale. Afterwards, data were alto token with the children s mothers, in their respective homes, using the Family Interview and Conflict Tactics Scale Revised . Parental consequences to children s inadequate behaviors were similar to both groups. Both parents presented health and alcohol abuse problems, but such problems were more expressive in group A. Data obtained with the Conflict Tactics Scale indicated presence of violence, in apparent contradiction to the positive evaluations about couple s relationship by mothers. General results point to the occurrence of violence in both groups, nevertheless aggressive children s group had more incidents and more severity of violence level. Final considerations signalize the need for future research in order to expand the knowledge of aggressive behavior and its relationship to domestic violence.
Intervalos de confiança para dados com presença de eventos recorrentes e censuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-23)
Faria, Rodrigo
;
Louzada Neto, Francisco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
In survival analysis and reliability is common that the population units in study presents recurrence events and censoring ages, besides, is possible to exist a cost related to each event that happens. The objectives of this dissertation consists in display a methodology that makes possible the direct obtaining of confidence intervals baseds in asymptotic theory for nonparametric estimates to the mean cumulative number or cost events per unit. Some simulation studies are also showed and the objectives are check if there is some sample size's influence in the asymptotics confidence interval's precision. One of the great advantages from the methodology presented in this dissertation is the validity for it’s application in several areas of the knowledge. There's two examples considered here. One of them consists in coming data from engineering. This example contains a ‡eet of machines in analysis. The interest is to obtain punctual estimates with the respective confidence intervals for the mean cumulative number and cost repairs per machine. The other example comes from the medical area and it treats of a study accomplished with two groups of patients with bladder can- cer, each one submitted in a di¤erent treatment type. The application of the methodology in this example seeks the obtaining of confidence intervals for the mean cumulative number of tumors per patient and gain estimates that compare these two di¤erents treatments informing, statistically, which presents better results.
ProGrid: uma infra-estrutura de suporte a programação paralela em grades computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-26)
Costa, Paulo Vicente Capellotto
;
Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
The computational Grid concept allows resource sharing in large scale. This work introduces the ProGrid system, an architecture for computational Grids, whose communication and resource management infrastructure is used transparently by the applications. Unlike other grid approaches, this work relies on the use of proxy servers to perform additional communications and authentication procedures on behalf of client applications. The purpose of this mechanism is to enable parallel applications to be executed in geographically distributed environments interlinked by an open communication network, such as the Internet, meeting the security requisites desirable for computational grids. To reach such objectives, a generic architecture for ProGrid was developed, that is divided in a group services layers. This work was focused in the implementation of layers responsible by the secure communication and for the controlled sharing of available resources.
Desemvolvimento de um simulador de um processador digital de sinais (DSP) utlizando a arquitetura multithread simultânea (SMT)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-26)
Castanheira, Luís Gustavo
;
Saito, José Hiroki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) are used in a variety of applications such as telecommunications, audio equalization and video processing. These applications demand a huge numerical processing capacity and low development and production costs. The simultaneous multithreading (SMT) architecture´s goal is to increase processor performance through the better utilization of the functional units. In SMT several threads are executed simultaneously in the processor. SMT can be employed in DSPs, and it increases the performance of applications that can be parallelized, such as video processing algorithms. A filtering operation on an image, for example, can be divided into filtering operations on several subimages generated from the original image. A simulator was thus proposed to evaluate the performance of such architecture. To evaluate this performance, it will be used some signal and video processing routines as the one dimension fast Fourier transform (FFT) and an image spacial filtering operation, for example.
Estudos florísticos e fitossociológicos em comunidades vegetais de restinga da Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-27)
Sugiyama, Marie
;
Soares, João Juares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6093800182799882
The present study evolved floristic composition, structure and regeneration dynamic aspects of a restinga forest (pluvial sand coastal plain forest), at Ilha do Cardoso, in Cananéia region, São Paulo State, Brazil. Three portions of restinga forest with same physiognomic aspects were selected: restinga of Trilha para o Morro das Almas (MA), Trilha Interpretativa (TI) and Estrada para a Captação (EC). Five strata of forest were sampled in each portion: Tree, Tree/shrub, Shrub/herbaceous, Herbaceous and Lianas. Each portion was analyzed individually and subsequently were analyzed the entirely of the three portions and compared them. At Trilha para o Morro das Almas were sampled 73 species, at Trilha Interpretativa 72, at Estrada para a Captação 56 and totally sample 112, inside them 31 species were common to three portions and 46 restrict only one of them. The three portions of a forest were floristically similar, MA and TI had the highest Sørensen similarity (70,3%), and TI and EC had the less Sørensen similarity (55,5%). When compared the strata in general Tree/shrub and Shrub/herbaceous strata had the highest value of Sørensen similarity, and the Tree and Herbaceous strata had the less similarity. The highest diversity and equability were found in herbaceous strata, and the less in tree strata. The plants of the three portions had majority of species with geographic distribution in south and southeast Brazil regions, and the majority individuals and species were secondary-climax category. The portions of studied forest were in advanced stage of regeneration, and shade-tolerant species were favored. The differences between three portions of a forest were due to natural process common in tropical forests, where the substitution of one tree produce a mosaic of distinct regenerative phases at community that differ in structure and floristic composition. Differences in environment physical conditions, especially edaphic factors, and distinct anthropic interventions are responsible too.
Formação de professores de matemática para o uso pedagógico de planilhas eletrônicas de cálculo: análise de um curso a distância via Internet.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-05-30)
Morgado, Maria José Lenharo
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Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
This study aimed at describing and analyzing the process of the formation of Mathematics teachers of the primary and secondary levels of education who participated of a distance learning course via Internet about the pedagogical use of calculus spreadsheets. The course was then elaborated, implemented and analyzed in its characteristics, which included the use of tools of the Web and of the calculus spreadsheet, as well as the interaction between teachers-students and the coordinator. The study also presented and analyzed the difficulties and facilities faced by participants in the development of the mathematical, pedagogical and computational contents that were part both of the activities proposed in the course modules and of the activities created by the participants themselves. Special attention was given to the evaluation of the methodological strategies employed by the coordinator so that teachers-students could acquire such types of knowledge. Questionnaires applied in the beginning and at the end of the course were used to identify categories of responses of teachers that indicated changes in their attitude related to teaching, learning and classroom practice issues. The study has a predominantly qualitative nature even though the numeric data give support to the analyses, which were based in multiple objective facts, in feelings demonstrated and reports given by the teachers. Among results, it should be highlighted the verification of a low level of communication with the coordinator. In addition, a gain of mathematical, pedagogical and computational knowledge was observed among the participants, with an emphasis on the pedagogical one, in sight that this was the most difficult and workful of all courses. According to the teachers, the interaction student-coordinator and student-materials contributed a lot to the gains just mentioned. It was observed that the active participation of the teachers in the distance course was strongly influenced by their experience with the use of computers, by the use of compatible and potent equipment both at home and at school. It was verified that the lack of time together with constant professional changes are the main factors interfering in teachers permanence and participation in distance courses. Finally, this study presents some recommendations about distance education in relation to the improvement of the Web environment as well as concerning the implementation of public policies related to the continued formation of teachers.