Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2003-08-19"

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Preparação e caracterização de compósitos de polipirrol (LiMn2O2)/ fibra de carbono para catodos em baterias secundárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-19)
Kaibara, Patrícia Silvestre de Oliveira
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Biaggio, Sonia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
Composites of polypyrrol (Ppy) and LiMn2O4 were synthesized chronoamperometrically at 0.8 V (vs. ECS) in 0.1 mol.L-1 LiClO4 /acetonitrile (2% H2O added) electrolyte containing 0.1 mol.L-1 of the pyrrol monomer, on carbon fiber (CF) substrates. The optimum concentration of the oxide in the electrolyte was found as 0.12 g.L-1. Both the previous ultrassonic dispersion of the oxide and the electrolyte mechanic stirring during the synthesis led to the best composite properties. For comparison, other composites were also prepared: Ppy/CF; Ppy(PSS)/CF and Ppy(PSS)/LiMn2O4/CF. Electrochemical stability tests were performed by cyclic voltammetry for all composites, in the electrosynthesis electrolyte without the monomer and water as well as in 0.1 mol.L-1 LiClO4 / propilene carbonate. The morphology, coupled with elemental analysis, and the electrical properties of all composites were obtained, respectively, by SEM/EDS and impedance spectroscopy. The discharge capacity obtained for the Ppy/LiMn2O4/CF composite was 80 mA.h.g-1, about 100% higher than the one for the Ppy/CF composite. The capacity value found for Ppy(PSS)/CF was similar, but the charge/discharge runs presented a slow profile to reach the maximum steady value, which is not interesting for cathode in rechargeable batteries. On the other hand, the Ppy(PSS)/LiMn2O4/CF composite showed the smaller capacity value. Therefore, among all the analyzed composites, the one containing Ppy and LiMn2O4 presented the best performance to be used as cathodes in lithium ion batteries.
Projeto de um modelador 3D colaborativo baseado no padrão emergente MPEG-4 MU
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-19)
Duarte, Fernando Vieira
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
In the last years we have been experiencing advances in networking technologies as well as computer graphics and display technology. As a consequence, a lot of Collaborative Virtual Environments have emerged thanks to the increasing computation capabilities of desktop computers as well as the enormous growth in network bandwidth and the ubiquity of the Internet. Collaborative virtual environments for 3D modeling can be characterized by the interaction among multiple users for the creation and/or modification of shared 3D objects. These environments can be used, for instance, in the modeling and visualization of virtual prototypes in order to reduce costs in the process of products design. The challenges of building collaborative 3D modeling environments are mainly related to real-time rendering of the modified objects, as well as to users interaction with the virtual environment, and to consistency maintenance of the shared virtual environment. Only a few collaborative 3D modeling environments are found in the literature and usually their projects result in complex non standardized solutions for the collaboration among users. This work presents the implementation of a collaborative environment for 3D modeling based on the emerging MPEG-4MU (multi-user) standard. With this environment, 3D graphic scenes can be created in real-time, by multiple participants, in synchronous collaborative sessions. These scenes can be visualized in any MPEG-4 terminal, including cellulars and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Sessions control, consistency maintenance, concurrency control and 3D object locking are realized by the MSC (MUTech Session Controller) and MBK (MUTech Bookkeeper) components, through the Pilot/drone mechanism and the BIFS-Command protocol. All these components were defined by the MPEG-4 MU emerging standard and implemented by the Networked Virtual Reality Lab (LRVNet) at Federal University of São Carlos.
Sistema para tomada de decisão baseado na geração de imagens estereoscópicas e reconhecimento de padrões circulares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-20)
Takeda, Fábio Bento
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Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
In this work, it is presented a system for decision-making based on stereoscopic image generation and recognition of circular patterns. For stereoscopic imaging are used two low cost Web cam in canonical configuration and block correspondence, which is used to find out the correspondence between images from a scene of interest. Also, the fast Hough transform is used to recognize circular patterns, which are identified and corrected based on their diameters with depth information obtained from both stereoscopic imaging and a calibration factor. The results obtained with simulated patterns and with composed real scenes with circular patterns in varied situations of special distribution illustrate the method potentiality for decision-making in procedures, which involve circular pattern recognition.
Uma solução peer-to-peer para a implantação de jogos multiusuário baseada no padrão emergente MPEG-4 MU
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-21)
Laffranchi, Marcelo Martins
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
This work describes the implementation of a support structure to 3D virtual networked games, based on the emergent standard multiuser MPEG-4 in a Gnutella hybrid peer-to-peer network. This solution minimizes the disadvantages of the existent hybrid solutions, that they are based on proxies, which have to be re-configured whenever a new application appears in the net. For that, the code that implements the Gnutella network it was modified from way to include a service of search of games and of active sessions. Two defined components and specified by the emergent standard MPEG-4 MU were implemented and integrated into the Gnutella network for games session control and updating of the scenes. When a node designated as controller leaves, another should assume in a fast and continuous way. Those, among other challenges in the implementation of multiuser games as peer-to-peer applications, they will be discussed in this work, together with the integration of the technologies Gnutella and MPEG-4 MU. The evaluation of this implementation allowed to conclude the some topics about the adaptation of those networks in the support to applications that demand continuous collaboration, as it is the case of a 3D game in that multiples participant constantly alter the scene and also the viability of implementing a session controller in one of the nodes of the network.
End-user programming como apoio ao desenvolvimento de sistemas com realidade virtual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-22)
Balbino, Fernando Cesar
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
Over the years, the software industry has steadily increased software application functionalities with the idea of meeting the requirements of a large number of users with different needs and profiles. This attempt has generated innumerable problems, such as function overloads, complicating software usability and offering features that may never be used. On the other hand, the user may need functions that have not been foreseen by the applications designer or that must be implemented in response to new requirements. In that case, the end user will benefit if he can extend the functionalities of a software program or configure it according to his needs. For this reason, research in the area of EUP focuses on proposing solutions to render computer programming an easier and more accessible task, enabling the end user to extend his software s applications. EUP techniques, however, have so far not been exploited in CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tools. This project discusses the new version of the GaCIV (Configurable Templates for the Development of Virtual Reality Interfaces), a tool for building interfaces with Virtual Reality for various domain applications. The tool s new version was adapted to aid end-user programming (EUP), i.e., to allow the design of interfaces to be carried out with the direct participation of the end user. Thus, the user benefits from two standpoints: a) he has the chance to make a continuous evaluation of the usability throughout the entire creation of the interfaces; b) because he himself organizes the menu options by distributing the objects in the virtual environment, interaction with the application is more likely to be facilitated. As will be discussed throughout this project, the GaCIV tool makes important contributions to: a) human-computer interaction, mainly through the use of Virtual Reality; b) to Software Engineering, by offering the possibility of performing interface reengineering of working systems (legated and non-legated); and c) to end-user programming, an expanding research area, by offering support for the construction of interfaces with end user participation.
A contribuição do jogo teatral para o desenvolvimento da criança pré-escolar: uma análise na perspectiva histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-22)
Boriollo, Beatriz de Cássia
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Basso, Itacy Salgado
The intention of this work was to investigate how the activities of theater, carried out in the pre-schools of Infant Education could contribute to the child s development. The approach used in this investigation was the Cultural history of the School of Vigotski and its collaborators. The first discussed point was the meaning of creation and how this could happen in the infancy. The second step was to study the child s development through this theoretical referential prioritizing the concepts that should guide the work with theater in the Infant Education. They are: the concept of the main activity and the concept of the Zone of the Next Development. Understanding the concept of the main activity as the activity responsible for significant changes in the main psychic functions, since the main activity in the pre-school is the role-play, I emphasize its characteristics and differentiate it from the theatrical activity. The contribution of the role-play and the theatrical activities to the child s development lies in the fact that they propitiate the child to carry out tasks and to live situations that he normally still could not live using his psychic functions in development. Thus, the work of the teacher in the theatrical activities and the role-play must be to orient in order to create the Zone of the next Development of the child. The next step was to investigate how the theatrical activity and the role-play happen in the Infant Education. This way I opted to carry out a qualitative research, through semi-structured interviews with eight teachers of Infant Education of three municipal schools (EMEIs) of São Carlos. The analysis indicated that the work with theater performed by the interviewed teachers is little valued and is based on the concept of Theater, Education and Child of each professional. It was also pointed the lack of autonomy of the professionals and a theoretical background that can improve the pedagogical practice in relation to the theatrical activity as well as to the role play. The need of an initial training of the teacher and a continued training is finally discussed to justify the theatrical work as a pedagogical procedure, mainly, as an activity that creates the Zone of Next Development.
Relações genéticas entre plantéis de reprodutores do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei, através do seqüenciamento dos genes RNAr 16S e COI do DNAmt
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-22)
Francisco, Ana Karina de
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The evaluation of genetic relationships among broodstocks is a useful tool for culture management programs. In the present work, the relationships amongst four broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were established based on sequencing of 16S rRNA and COI regions from mtDNA. Farfantepenaeus subtilis was used as outgoup in mtDNA analysis. No divergence was found when sequences of the 16S rRNA gene were compared, likely due to the conservativeness of such region. Otherwise, at the dendrogram obtained from COI gene sequencing, clustering between Aqua-044 and Aqua-045 broodstocks and between Aqua-046 and Aqua-051 broodstocks was observed. The formation of these groupings may be related to the origin of the broodstocks as well as to the effects of genetic drift suffered by the founder populations. The results obtained in the present work may constitute a very useful tool for the delineation of more appropriate management programs for the analyzed broodstocks.
Hidrólise controlada de proteínas do soro de queijo usando carboxipeptidase A e alcalase® imobilizadas multipontualmente em agarose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-22)
Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
;
Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
High value food protein hydrolysates can be obtained by sequential hydrolysis of proteins with trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A (CPA) and Alcalase® (commercial preparation of subtilisin). For the process to be economically feasible, immobilized and stabilized enzymes should be used, and the kinetics of the reactions with this kind of biocatalyst must be known. To contribute to the development of such a process, this work focused on preparing stable CPA and Alcalase® derivatives, and on studying the kinetics of hydrolysis of polypeptides. These polypeptides were produced after the sequential hydrolysis of cheese whey proteins with trypsin and chymotrypsin. Cross-linked agarose beads (6% w/w for CPA, and 10% w/w for Alcalase®) were used as immobilization support, and different methods of activation and immobilization conditions were studied. A highly activated glyoxyl-agarose support (75 and 210 µeqv of aldehyde groups per milliliter of support, respectively for CPA and Alcalase®), 25oC, pH 10.05, and longer contact time (48 hours for CPA and 96 hours for Alcalase®), provided the best derivatives. CPA-glyoxyl agarose-6% and Alcalase®-glyoxyl agarose-10% derivatives were ca. 213- and 515-fold more stable than the soluble enzymes. These stabilized derivatives retained 42% (for CPA-glyoxyl agarose- 6%) and 54% (for Alcalase®-glyoxyl agarose-10%) of the immobilized activity, assessed with small substrates (hippuryl-L-Phe for CPA, and Boc-Ala-ONp for Alcalase®) and large substrates (Phe carboxy-terminal polypeptides for CPA, and casein for Alcalase®). These results showed that all activity losses were caused by the distortion of the immobilized enzyme molecule, due to the enzyme-support multi-interaction. Derivatives prepared using glutaraldehyde-agarose presented spatial hindrances when hydrolysis of macromolecular substrates was taking place. The amino acid analysis of acid hydrolysates of the soluble and immobilized enzymes (for the more stable derivatives) showed that ca. 30 and 40%, for CPA and Alcalase®, of the lysine residues were linked to the support, suggesting that there is intense multi-point interactions between enzyme and support, through covalent linkages. The temperatures for maximum hydrolysis rates, using respectively stabilized CPA and Alcalase® derivatives, were 20oC and 10oC higher than the ones obtained using soluble enzymes. The most stable CPA-glyoxyl derivative could efficiently be used for polypeptides (cheese whey proteins hydrolyzed with trypsin and chymotrypsin) hydrolysis at high temperatures (e.g., 60oC), releasing ca. 2-fold more aromatic amino acids (Tyr, Phe and Trp) than the soluble enzyme, under the same operational conditions. The casein degree of hydrolysis, at 80oC, obtained using the most stable Alcalase®-glyoxyl derivative, was 2-fold higher than the one obtained with the soluble enzyme. Hence, the produced derivatives allow the design of a continuous process for the production of protein hydrolysates, which are composed of small peptides and have a low concentration of aromatic amino acids. This process can use higher temperature, avoiding microbial growth in the reaction medium. The C-terminal residues hydrolysis at 45oC (pH 7.0), catalyzed by CPA-glyoxyl, could be adequately represented by Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with substrate and product inhibition. The kinetic model was expressed in terms of C-terminal peptide bonds that can be hydrolyzed by CPA, regardless of the amino acid released. The concentration of each released amino acid as a function of the time of reaction could be well fitted by empirical models (hyperbolic or exponential decay). Hence, from the kinetics of total hydrolysis, it is possible to estimate the concentration of each amino acid as function of time. The hydrolysis catalyzed by the highly-loaded CPA-glyoxyl agarose-6% derivative was not limited by intra-particle diffusion resistance. The hydrolysis of peptides (long-time batch) at 50oC (pH 9.5), catalyzed by Alcalase®-glyoxyl agarose-10% derivative, could be adequately represented by Michaelis-Menten kinetics with product inhibition, and the kinetic parameters Vmax, KM e KI were correlated against the substrate initial degree of hydrolysis (total degree of hydrolysis obtained by previous action of trypsin and chymotrypsin on cheese whey proteins). Long-time batch hydrolyses, catalyzed by highly-loaded Alcalase-glyoxyl agarose-10% derivative, presented diffusion effects, with effectiveness coefficient, ηI, of ca. 0.5.
Reuso de componentes para interfaces com realidade virtual apoiado pelo ambiente GaCIV
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-25)
Albertin, José Carlos Lazzari
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
This work presents the GaCIV Computational Environment (Configurable Templates for Development of Virtual Reality Interfaces) for building interfaces with non-immersive Virtual Reality for applications in different domains. This new version supports software component reuse, allowing project of friendlier interfaces with virtual reality, with usability and praticity.
Recuperação de documentos baseados em informação semântica no ambiente AMMO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-25)
Corrêa, Adriana Cristina Giusti
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Vieira, Marina Teresa Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5446518523049572
This study presents techniques used for extracting semantic information from texts and strategies for semantic information-based document retrieval. These techniques and strategies have been adopted so as to develop a Document Manipulation System based on Semantic Information. Previously established values of similarity and relevance are used in the document retrieval process.. The organization of semantic information, user interfaces, manipulation of imprecise information and the extraction and retrieval mechanism are discussed. The impreciseness in the semantic information is treated through similarity values in order to compare the query´spredicates with the database results. Relevance values specified for the query´s predicates have been used to classify the resulting documents. A prototype of the system has been developed. This prototype can be incorporated into the AMMO environment (Authoring and Manipulation of Multimedia Objects), whose aim is to provide resources for creating, storing and manipulating multimedia applications.
Representações sociais e meio ambiente: participação de um grupo de mulheres no planejamento de uma intervenção de educação ambiental popular urbana em Manaus, Amazonas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-25)
Storey, Christine
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Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
The central argument of this thesis is to promote the importance of observing peoples’ understanding of their environment in order to develop a popular environmental education programme with rather than for them, one that fosters participatory solidarity. As such, ecofeminismo and the theory of social representations have been explored as possible theories and practices to assist environmental educators in this task. This has been approached in three articles the first of which is about the theory and practice of ecofeminismo as possible directions for environmental education. As ecofeminism offers elements to understand the complex power interrelations and the increasing environmental inequalities that exist in contemporary society. Furthermore it proposes the deconstruction of the dualities that permeate our society and feed such inequalities. In the same direction, in the second article we present a research paper that applied the theory of social representations to assist in interpreting of the lifestyles, perceived needs and environmental activities, with a group of 10 urban women from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The interpretation of the environmental social representations revealed some of the women's environmental practices and understanding, and that religion, situation, media, identity and cultural heritage are five mediators that influence the production of such representations. The results offered important information on the participants' theoretical frameworks; the final task was to verify if such data would assist in planning a popular environmental education intervention. The third article is a report on such a verification, which occurred during a workshop with a larger number of residents from the same neighbourhood. In which three themes detected in the research results were presented to the participants for them to choose one for the educational intervention. Handicrafts were selected and the intervention is at the present moment in full activity. This confirms, that although the theory of social representations cannot solve all the difficulties that environmental education faces in an unsustainable society; it can, assist in understanding people better and from this promote the construction of solidarity. The expected outcome is that the three papers bring elements to be debated within environmental education. Also that the group the women formed will flourish permitting them to grow together.
Uma estrutura de suporte para adaptação em jogos 3D multiusuário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-26)
Silva, Alessandro Rodrigues e
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6278694958208888
With the growing dissemination and reliability of wireless networks and the emergence of devices with more and more processing and communication power, applications up to now restricted to PCs are being envisaged to run on devices as heterogeneous as wrist clocks with GPS locators, refrigerators with internet access, up to mobile phones, PDAs, settop- boxes and game consoles. The integration of this myriad of devices and network technologies, with different capabilities, demand special attention from the software programmers and designers specially when these applications are shared among multiple users from different devices, each one producing and consuming information according to each device capacity. In this sense, application adaptation, which allows a software to react upon the resources variations used, is an important process towards fitting the application to a certain device configuration. This adaptation is being considered as an important part of the systems that act upon heterogeneous processing and communication environment. Therefore, a large amount of work has been done in the traditional multimedia adaptation, such as text, images, audio and video, less attention has been focused on 3D digital content first because of the complexity involved in the 3D applications adaptation issues, and also because true marketing opportunities for 3D graphics in heterogeneous devices have just began to emerge. Moreover, initiatives that promote adaptation standardization must be considered, so that interoperability among adaptation mechanisms can become a reality. This work investigated the MPEG-4 standard and its extension MPEG-J to handle adaptation issues, and proposes an adaptation framework for 3D multi-user game applications, entitle MMGAME. With this framework, elements composing a game application can be adapted according to devices resources variations where the application is running as well as in the network where is connected.
Estudo de caso sobre gestão da qualidade em uma empresa de serviços de telefonia fixa.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-26)
Ricci, Marlucy Godoy
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9668886542467621
The privatization of Telebras opened the national telephone market to competition,strengthening the importance of employing a management program having quality as a competitive advantage. Quality management as competitive strategy is an innovation in a sector that is no longer characterized by a monopoly market structure without competition. This study aims mainly at presenting the current quality management of a fixed line phone company. In this study, organizational structure for quality, a quality management program used by the studied company, methodologies and tools utilized, indicators of quality performance and improvement actions are presented and analyzed. A case study methodology was used. From the case study it can be concluded that in a telephone company quality management is directed at enhancing its competitive capacity the way it occurs in markets that face tough competition. The quality of fixed line phone service is differentiated depending on the kind of consumers, who are classified according to the amount of service utilized, since it is a private company, and therefore, seeks profit. In general, quality goals demanded by The National Telecommunications Agency have been met by the company, which confirms some foreseen trends after the privatization of the sector, at least in the area the company serves.
Impactos da política de cobrança dos recursos hídricos sobre o setor industrial: os casos dos municípios de São Carlos e Campinas - São Paulo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-26)
Dal-Bello, Érika Aletéia
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Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161606146208875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9783561337089780
Aplicação de rede neural neocognitron para reconhecimento de atributos faciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27)
Hirakuri, Marcelo Hiroshi
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Saito, José Hiroki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
This work presents a methodology for predetermined facial attributes recognition preestablished. This work realizes the recognition of facial attributes previously established: right eye, left eye, nose and lip, using an alternative implementation of Neocognitron Neural Network, robust for distortions and shifts on input patterns. The implementation of the neural network (NEOFAR - Neocognitron for Facial Attributes Recognition), consists of two sub-networks: Neural Network for Detecting of Control Points (NNDCP), which is used for edge detection, line detection, and line end detection, during the training phase; and Neural Network for Facial Recognition (NNFR), which is used for complex features manipulation, during the recognition phase. The performance evaluation showed the viability of project for many applications with excellent future perspectives. The performance tests showed rightness taxes over 85%.
Ensinando e aprendendo geometria: uma experiência com o software Cabri-Géomètre II na 5a série do ensino fundamental.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27)
Bertoluci, Evandro Antonio
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Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
In the last three decades, geometry teaching in Brazil has had serious problems. A number of Brazilian researchers have identified the cause of such problems and proposed ways likely to overcome this chaotic scenario. One of the proposals presented for the enhancement of geometry teaching and learning is to use computers in this process. In recent years, quite often, due to this, a number of programs have been developed to be used as tools in that process, but its usage by the teacher must always be associated with the theoretical principles in which his practice is grounded. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of the program Cabri-Géomètre II on twenty-four 11-year-olds learning geometry. The students are from a public elementary school in Jaú, São Paulo state. To achieve this goal, a pedagogical intervention a course involving some of the geometric content those students were supposed to learn was planned, performed and evaluated by the author of this study who played the role of teacher and researcher. The course took place in the computer room of the school. Eight computers with the program Cabri-Géomètre II installed were used. The students were divided into eight groups and the geometric contents (angles, angular measure, bisection of an angle, consecutive angle, adjacent angle, complementary angles, supplementary angles, vertical angles) were organized into six different topics. For each topic a list containing the objectives of the task, the geometric concepts to be learned and the instructions on how to do the task was made. In the end of the experiment, the students did two written tests individually on the subjects studied and completed a questionnaire evaluating the course. The results show that the use of the program Cabri-Géomètre II as a support tool in geometry teaching, how it was described here, was positive. Nevertheless, other similar studies have presented less favorable results suggesting that computer aid in teaching still needs to be investigated. As a result, we suggest some changes in the course so that the teaching experience and the students learning can improve. We also put forward some ideas which may optimize public policies on computerizing schools.
Distribuição espacial e temporal da ictiofauna do trecho médio do rio Paranapanema e suas relações com as características morfométricas e limnológicas dos compartimentos da bacia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27)
Dias, João Henrique Pinheiro
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Garavello, Júlio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
Gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos em municípios de pequeno porte: sistematização de diretrizes e procedimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27)
Pellegrino, Stefânia Aparecida Custódio
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
A new lifestyle, with changes in the consumption patterns and generation of residues, is imposed for humanity in Brazil, the growth of the cities and, at the same time, the increase in the consumption of industrialized products, are common factors to practically all the municipal districts. This way serious problems have been carted, regarding the inadequate administration of the urban solid residues (USW) generated. Because of its great number, the small municipal districts contribute with the current environmental and social problems. Thus, one of the main measures to be taken to correct this situation is the establishment of plans of the Management of USW (PMUSW) generated in such municipal districts. The present work lifted some concepts and administration models and management of USW, seeking to supply advices for the elaboration of PMUSW to small municipal districts, based in the minimization concepts. The small municipal districts can count with some facilities for an integrated administration of the different residues, especially the communication with the population, the inspection of the proposal measures, the organization of the society in the administration process of RSU. Besides, the amount of generated residues is smaller and the segregation process, collection and disposition can be simplified. On the other hand, such municipal districts face difficulties for the implantation of a good administration of USW, among them the lack of financial and human resources. Taking into account such characteristics, some guidelines were systematized and established some procedures that better adapt to the referred municipal districts, contemplating simplified solutions, of low cost, accessible to technicians and administrators without specialization in the theme and that involve the population. Such orientations were applied to a specific case of the small municipal district of (Itamogi-MG), allowing its evaluation by means of the elaboration of local PMUSW. In conclusion, it is possible to propose an administration of USW that assists the needs and limitations of those municipal districts.
O que a escola faz com o que o povo cria: até a capoeira entrou na dança!
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-28)
Barbieri, Cesar Augustus Santos
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Nosella, Paolo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
Questo studio svilluppa una riflessione sull incorporazione nella istituzione scolastica di un bene culturale, nel caso la Capoeira, mettendo in luce i sensi ad essa attribuita nell ambito del sistema pubblico dell insegnamento del Distretto Federale, denunziando il processo di assepsia al quale é sottomessa quando sottoposta alle regole della scuola. Un quadro teorico di orientazione fenomenologica modula lo sguardo che scruta i temi elencati nell argomentazione, creando matrici di pensiero di orientazione umanista, che difendono un processo di Educazione diretto per lo sviluppo del pensiero critico, della creativitá e dell autonomia dell uomo. In queste basi si questionano i sgnificati reali della Capoeira nelle sue accezioni di lotta, divertimento, sport, sagezza ecc. Attraverso la ricerca bibliografica, l autore presenta un analisi comparativa, in perspettiva storica, che permette di mettere in evidenza i sensi prodotti in determinati constesti della ricerca, utili al problema del tema, come la Filosofia, la Scuola e la propria Capoeira. Le differenti variabili che compongono forme di vedere e di esprimire le relazioni uomo-mondo, in questi spazi, sono state minuziosamente descritte e interpretate, dando preferenza alla visione fenemenologica-esistenziale-ermeneutica, che si fondamenta nella intersoggetivitá e nella ricerca della comprensione dell uomo e della sua realtá come parti del fenomeno essere-nel-mondo concetto elaborato da Heidegger che sostiene il metodo qui utilizzato per la comprensione del fenomeno scuola . Interviste con alunni e professionali di nove scuole della rete pubblica dell insegnamento del Distretto Federale sono state aggiunte e indirizzate e interpretate secondo un orientacione qualitativo di base ermeneutica, cercando di intendere le trasformazioni imposte alla Capoeira col fine di adattarla al contesto scolastico. Lo studio há permesso di comparare la Capoeira al contesto sociale dove si inserisce, constatando que nella escuola essa assume una razionalitá moderna che le impone significati e nuove funzioni, sostenute in modelli culturali tipici dell elite educativa, in una logica scientifica-tecnlogica che la riveste con l immagine del denominato sport di rendimento , pieno di metodi, regole, efficienza e risultati. Nel denunciare gli aspetti di alienazione e addestramento che reggono il processo scolastico dell insegnamento e della pratica della Capoeira nella Scuola e nel proporre l inizio di un conjunto di azioni concrete que stimolino la capoerizzazione della Scuola, questo studio permette pensare alle pratiche educative di maniera critica e cosciente, allo stesso tempo in cui approfondisce la conoscenza di una produzione culturale autentica, mettendo in evidenza le sue radici afro-brasiliane come uno degli elementi constitutivi della formazione dell uomo brasiliano.
Caracterização genética do pirarucu Arapaima gigas (Cuvier) (Teleostei, Osteoglossidae) da bacia Tocantins-Araguaia, estado do Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-29)
Marques, Débora Karla Silvestre
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
In South America the osteoglossiforms are represented by the Arapaima and the Osteoglossum sorts, which are mostly found in the Amazonic basin, Tocantins Araguaia. There are virtually no genetic studies on this group, which highlights conservation groups need for information. The Arapaima gigas species, of the hydrographic basin Tocantins Araguaia, showed a 2n=56 chromosomes, with cariotypical formula: 28M/SM+28ST/A. Silver nitrate marking revealed a simple RON, located intersticially in the shorter arm of pair three, confirmed by a fluorescent hybration in situ, with a rDNA 18S probe, that highlighted a polymorphism in the RON sites. The constituent heterocromatin was found in the centromerical region of all chromosomes. The molecular genetic studies with RAPD marker showed the presence of only one Arapaima gigas population, with a significant intrapopulational variation. The results obtained in this work are an important contribution to the understanding of the genetics of the Arapaima gigas species and the Osteoglossiforms group, providing, moreover, subsidies for genetic handling and conservation of the Arapaima gigas species in the Médio Araguaia, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.