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Estruturação das lições aprendidas na implementação da produção enxuta na Alcoa de Poços de Caldas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-08) Simão, Luiz Augusto Peito Macedo; Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
This work fix a framework to identified and organized the lessons learned during the ABS (Alcoa Business System) implementation on Alcoa Pocos de Caldas. The intention was to capture, to codify and to make available the knowledge insert in this process, for the Alcoa Company, looking for the continuo improvement inside the process, and for other companies, to repeated this process over the Alcoa experience. The idea is to use the knowledge that Alcoa got and organized on factors that become easier or harder the ABS implementation. To achieve this objective was develop a framework that involves the knowledge management, organizational learning and lean production concepts. The most important thing in this framework is: Get information from a actual situation (ABS in use) and using knowledge management and learning organization elements to capture the lessons learned that was the knowledge getting in the factors that become easier or harder the ABS implementation processes. After that this knowledge was put in electronic way to be used for all interested people.
Estudos de parâmetros de qualidade para cerâmica estrutural vermelha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-08) Paschoal, José Antonio Armani; Sales, Almir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311
Civil construction demands quality in terms of reduction of waste and costs. Red ceramic, bricks and tiles have been targets in this effort. The Quality Programs seek to certify ceramics within norms (NBR ISO 9000), whose objectives are the controls demanded for these products. INMETRO and the agent of certification, Ceramic Center of Brazil (CCB), enforce, by means of laboratory analyses, the ceramic product of certified businesses. This work aims to evaluate the quality control system and manufacturing process of red ceramic tile, contributing to micro and small businesses by completing laboratory analyses of raw materials and end products of industries that present difficulties in terms of such controls. By means of a diagnostic fluxogram, evaluating and orientating, the operation of the process is optimized in full or in part. Of the 12 businesses utilized, distributed among 4 regions of the state of São Paulo, 3 were certified in the Quality System, 3 in the certification process, and 6 still uninitiated. The results found indicate the importance of the Quality System in businesses that have the adopted the norms, for which they have efficient controls, in terms of product conformity and reduction of waste. The raw materials of the state of São Paulo are of good quality for ceramic tiles and require only technological accompaniment. From these completed analyses it was possible to develop a diagnostic fluxogram that permits evaluation of quality and the production process, to be inserted in a "Palm Top", where electronically it can be applied promptly at each step of fabrication.
Problema relativístico de dois corpos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-08) Hollander, Efrain Buksman; Luca Filho, Jayme Vicente de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3649741795366660
We study the relativistic two-body problem of the action-at-a-distance electrodynamics. This dynamical system appeared 100 years ago as a time-symmetric relativistic motion and acquired the status of electrodynamics in the 1940 s by the works of Dirac, Wheeler and Feynman. The equations of motion for this problem are delay equations involving retarded and advanced arguments symmetrically. We outline our dynamical studies with an emphasis on the physics of this complex conservative dynamical system. We study the following versions of this electromagnetic two-body problem: (i) For the case of two arbitrary masses with attractive interaction (hydrogen atom), we develop a numerical method to integrate the three-dimensional motion. This method has a very limited applicability and could not answer several dynamical questions. We calculated numerically some orbits. The diﬃculties of this complex case suggested that we should restrict the study to the simpler problem of straight-line orbits and equal masses ( (ii) and (iii) ). (ii) We study the colinear orbits of the repulsive problem of two electrons (two electrons moving on the same line). We obtain an analytical approximation for the low-energy colinear orbits. We also develop a stable numerical method based on steepest-descent minimization. Using this method we calculated the orbits numerically for several energies. We also found a two-degree-of-freedom implicit Hamiltonian formalism to describe this colinear motion. (iii) For the attractive problem with equal masses, we derive an equation of motion that is regular at the collision. Our method uses the energy constant related to the Poincaré invariance of the theory to motivate the regularizing coordinate transformation and to remove infinities from the equation of motion. The collision orbits are calculated numerically using the regular equation adapted in a self-consistent minimization method (a stable numerical method that chooses only nonrunaway orbits). We compare our regularization of this Poincaré-invariant case to the Levi-Civita regularization of the Galilei-invariant Kepler problem.