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Caracterização da gestão e de atividades de capacitação para o processo de desenvolvimento de produto alimentício: estudos de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-19) Bosi, Mirela Guedes; Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
During the 90s, Brazilian market open to imported goods sets the beginning of food industry transformation in Brazil. Other factors led to competitiveness growth among food companies, such as: the development of new technology, and consumers knowledge and expectation level increase. Therefore, food companies were forced to seek for competitive advantage which allowed the differentiation of their products in the market. In this context, product development process (PDP) gains fundamental importance. Due to the importance of PDP in the food industry, this work seeks characterize the food product development process management. Besides, this work aims to characterize the capability to PDP. In order to reach these purposes, eight food companies and three organizations (ITAL, SENAI, and a consultant company) that backup food industry were studied. Three food companies were chosen out of the eight which were studied and were presented in this work. The chosen companies have a more structured PDP, which allows a discussion on capability building process. The findings showed that food companies follow a sequence of phases and activities during PDP. This sequence is very similar when food companies are compared with each other and with the theoretical background. Concerning capability, food companies see capability building restrict to courses, and to market fairs visiting. The organizations that backup food industry serve mainly small companies, which do not have either enough technical or managerial knowledge in order to develop a product. Therefore, we consider that food product development process management is based on technical aspects. However, a minimal of managerial structure has been started by the companies. Besides, the need to develop new products tends to make food companies put in resources to build capability.
Economias de escala em duas tecnologias alternativas: estudo do setor siderúrgico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-19) Araújo, Juliano Bezerra de; Pinho, Marcelo Silva
An important characteristic of the capitalist industrial production is related to the exploration of the scale economies in a widespread way by firms with the purpose of enjoying better economical results. This was the case of the steel industry, which, in order to meet the increasing needs of operational efficiency started to adopt larger and larger equipment and facilities in their industrial plants. This path was more intense in the integrated plants, which present larger size than the mini-mills . This work investigates the role of the scale economies in the metallurgical processing, through extensive bibliographical research in specialized literature and visits to different companies. Besides, numerous interviews with metallurgists from several areas of these industries have been done. The results indicated, among other things, that most of the semi-integrated plants now in operation do not fully explore the potential of scale economies associated to the process, for having been constructed in sub-optimal scale. In a more dynamic demand scenery, a better exploration of this economy is expected, where it would prevail the path of increasing scales for both technological routes, the integrated and the semi-integrated plants.
Propriedades funcionais e estruturais e concentração de fosfatos orgânicos em eritrócitos de dez espécies de morcegos pertencentes às famílias Phyllostomidae e Molossidae (Chiroptera - Mammalia)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-12-19) Reinoso, Simoni Savazzi; Schwantes, Maria Luiza Barcellos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3018620987507134; Schwantes, Arno Rudi
Hemoglobin structural and functional aspects, as well as the presence of intraerythrocitic organic phosphates of 167 individuals of 10 species of bats, belonging to Phyllostomidae (Artibeus planirostris, Phyllostomus discolor, Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Desmodus rotundus, Glossophaga soricina), and Molossidae family (Molossus ater, Molossus molossus, Nyctinomops laticaudatus e Eumops perotis) were studied. These individuals were collected in different areas of São Paulo State. Hemoglobin of these individuals were submitted to starch gel electrophoresis and showed all the same pattern: one slow major, migrating close to A2 human hemoglobin and one minor fast component, migrating close to human hemoglobin A. No intra and inter specific variation were detected. Variations on functional properties in blood were detected. Most of the species (7) presented normal Bohr effect, while C. perspicillata, D. rotundus e M. molossus null Bohr effect. Artibeus planirostris presented reverse Bohr effect. All the hemoglobin samples showed normal Bohr effect in the stripped form as well as in the presence of 2,3-biphospho glicerate and inositol hexaphosphate. The addition of this organic phosphate has altered both Bohr effect and P50 values. The oxygen affinities were high in all hemoglobins. In vivo, the oxygen affinity of bat hemoglobins is lower due to modulator effect,probably ,3.biphospho glicerate. In the erythrocytes of all individuals studied 2,3-biphospho glycerate were found in varying concentrations and a little higher than most of Mammals. No inositol polyphosphates were found in any sample tested.