Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2004-02-18"

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Estudo comparativo utilizando lasers de 685 nm e 830 nm no processo de reparo tecidual em tendões tenotomizados de ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-18)
Carrinho, Patrícia Michelassi
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
A lot of therapeutic techniques are used to accelerate and/or stimulate the tendineous repair process, among this techniques we have the low level laser therapy (LLLT). Therefore, this study had the aim of evaluating the effects of LLLT, in different wavelengths and different densities energy, on the tendineous repair process of calcaneal tendon of mice. In this study was used 48 male mice. 40 animals were submitted to the unilateral total tenotomy induced in the middle portion of the right calcaneal tendon. The tendons weren’t sutured after the surgery, just the skin around the surgery. The animals were randomized divided in 3 experimental groups (1, 2 and 3) and each group were divided in two subgroups. The subgroup A was treated with laser of 685 nm, 3 J/cm2, the subgroup B was treated with laser 685 nm, 10 J/cm2, the subgroup C was treated with 830 nm, 3 J/cm2 and the subgroup D with laser 830 nm, 10J/cm2; the subgroups E and F were classifieds as injured control/placebo treatment and non-injured control. It was used the lasers 685 nm and diode GaAlAs (830 nm), the parameters used in both lasers were 15 mW, continuos, power density of 5,4 W/cm2 and doses of 3 J/cm2 and 10 J/cm2. The applications were made punctually in each 24 hours, during 12 consecutive days, in just one point on the injured lesion. All animals were killed on the 13º day after the surgery and the tendons were extracted cirurgically and prepared for qualitative and quantitative analysis carry out through of polarization microscopy for obtain data of state of concentration, aggregation, orientation and deposition of collagen fibers in the site of tenotomy, was used measures of total birefringence take in polarization microscopy. After, it was obtained a picture of each tendon in the polarization microscopy for the qualitative histologic analysis of the tissue. The data analysis were made using the non-parametric test of multiple comparations in order to compare the data of all subgroups. It was found through of difference of OR (nm) values corresponding for the total birefringence that the molecules of collagen of tendons in process of tissue repair answered to the LLLT during the period of data collection, probabily through the increase in the fibroblastic proliferation and collagen synthesis. The tendinous repair of the subgroup A (685 nm, 3 J/cm2) showed the best result, considering the level of tissue organization, orientation, state of macromolecular aggregation and collagen deposition in the site of lesion. This subgroup was statistically different from the other subgroup, because it showed a higher OR value than the other subgroups treated with laser and the subgroup injured control/placebo treatment. We can conclude that, in the conditions our work was developed, there are different organizational answers in the injuried tendineous tissue and treated with LLLT. Therefore, there is a relationship between the improvement in the tendineous repair and the laser parameters used. In this case there were an acceleration of the tendineous repair when used the laser 685 nm and the dose of 3 J/cm2.
As contribuições do processo de implementação do projeto para o ensino de Ciências " ABC na educação científica - a mão na massa" para o desenvolvimento profissional de uma professora de pré-escola.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-18)
Miranda, Carolina Rodrigues de Souza
;
Pierson, Alice Helena Campos
This work consider two point: by one hand, recognizing the important issue that the Natural Science, since the begging of school time, can contribute in a formation of critical students that ask about the reality around their. By the other hand, the difficulties involved in their development in a school phase, where the teachers has a little, or any, specific formation to answer about science subjects. Upon this problem, the objective of this work is analyzing the science study project contributions called La Main La Pate (in Brazil this project was called ABC na educação científica a mão na massa), to professional development of one primary school teacher, during the first year of this project implementation and development. The methodology adopted was the qualitative approach, using as a research tool the observation of all implementation process in São Carlos city, and watching the teacher s pedagogical practices in the classroom. Was used yet teacher s report done during this period of time and a interview done after one year of this work, to analyze her teacher s thinking upon this own work. The study s theoretical framework considers the teacher s continues education, approaching the teacher s knowledge and the reflective practices. In this study the teacher indicated significant learning in her attitude toward science study, in a way how to development with her students and in a reflecting on their own practice, witch is possible changing the values and believes. However, the teacher had some criticize about the way how the teacher s continues education was conduced, a super valorization of subjects and pre defined scripts. This work indicates some actions that should be taken into account with regards proposal such as the one in question: attention to the context where teachers work, the time needed school are different and that they should be considered as basic units in order to be able to change and improve teaching.
Avaliação da função muscular, cartilagem articular e citologia do líquido sinovial na ruptura completa do ligamento cruzado anterior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-19)
Pinto, Karina Nogueira Zambone
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Rosa, Stela Márcia Mattiello Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406279816228350
As metamorfoses de rede de poder agroindustrial sucroalcooleira no Estado de São Paulo: da regulação estatal para a desregulação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-19)
Mello, Fabiana Ortiz Tanoue de
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
Since the thirties, the sugar-cane section from São Paulo expanded as a policy network, where the industrialists, sugar-cane suppliers and the state interests were orchestrated. However, after the section deregulation process, happened along the nineties, deep transformations have been happening in these actors interests and in their power relations, delineating a new governance structure in this agroindustry of the state of São Paulo. This work has as main objective to identify these transformations, analyzing the configuration of the new structure of power that is formed after the removal of the state of the section regulation arenas. Starting from the study of the present actors characteristics in this network (number of participants; type of interest of the members; participants function in the network) and their relationship (articulation type; centricity; stability and frequency of the interaction; distribution of the power resources and the public participants strategies), it was possible to verify that the network formed during the Proálcool operation period - where the wide availability of resources in the hands of the state, made possible the coordination of the network to this actor - it became a power network where the interests of the state, of Unica and Orplana are orchestrated in the process of elaboration of the sugar-cane politics. In this governance structure that is formed after the nineties, the new state position led the industrialists and sugar-cane suppliers from São Paulo to an adaptation process, changing their action strategies, organization forms and representation of their interests. The most specific proposal of this work is to identify the main challenges for the section to reach selfmanagement. In this context, it was possible to conclude that the sugar-cane actors from São Paulo demonstrate a poor effort (enforcement) to consolidate or to improve the way of an effective governance, adopting opportunist attitudes that just seek short-term results and linking with little frequency and speed in some subjects of the section (mainly when the theme is the regulation of the sugar-cane supply and its by-products). Therefore, the results obtained in this research enlarge the knowledge of relationship established among the productive actor of this agroindustry of great importance for the Brazilian economy
O desenvolvimento da usabilidade de interfaces em projetos - um estudo de caso em lavadora de roupa.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Aguiar, Vera Coelho de
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Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
Um mecanismo integrado de cache e prefetching para sistemas de entrada e saída de alto desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Dodonov, Evgueni
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Guardia, Hélio Crestana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1780902767520967
An integrated caching and prefetching mechanism for a parallel network file system has the potential to improve both the speed and performance of I/O operations. Different cache policies and algorithms can be used in the system. Different prefetching mechanisms can also be used in the system. The performance of the I/O operations can also be influenced by other techniques, such as the assynchronous write, cache consistency and cache space organization and distribution. This work presents the implementation of an integrated caching and prefetching architecture, intended to be used in distributed file systems. Also, this work elaborates an adaptive access pattern discovery algorithm to be used in prefetching mechanisms, denominated CPS, and two prefetching strategies, called prefetch-on-empty and limited aggressive. As the case studies, this work presents two multimedia servers a on-demand multimedia server, and a streaming media server. The influence of the proposed cache and prefetching mechanisms on tested applications is discussed. This work presents and discusses the functionality of integrated caching and prefetching mechanisms, benchmarking the implemented algorithms and overviewing the influence of chosen policies on the applications behavior.
Projeto do subsistema de comunicação e distribuição e da camada de serviços da arquitetura OpenReality para suporte à criação de aplicações de visualização distribuída
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Baptista, Bruno do Amaral Dias
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Trevelin, Luis Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847340841360980
This work presents the information distribution model adopted within OpenReality architecture (OR), and the related issues of its structures integration. Distributed Visualization Applications can be created using OR framework, which permits redefinitions, specializations and customizations. During distributed visualization application development, it s possible to choose the communication protocol to be used and its parameters. The consistency and interactivity concepts and their behavior for each information distribution model are also discussed. Among the main used structures is JAMP Platform (Java Architecture for Media Processing), which was upgraded to support OR requirements. JNDS application domain framework and JAMP2C development tool were added to JAMP development package. In a general way, the contribution of this project is to offer a new method for creating distributed visualization applications. Besides, this work improves the maturity of JAMP Platform, which now has a new framework and a new development tool available.
Realocação de pedidos de calçados em aglomerados industriais em função de grandes distúrbios na produção.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Pereira Júnior, José Feliciano
;
Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
Initially this work explains, appraises and characterizes industrial cluster in the following classes: (C1) they are the Regional Cluster without formal coordenation that many authors call by Industrial Districts; (C2) class is about the clusters for Exportation e (C3) is about the Cluster Commanded by a Mother-company. The first class has been widely studied in literature. The group of research PLACOP of the Department of Production Engineering at Federal University in São Carlos has been developed research directed toward the classes C2 and C3. It is made a literature review on disturbance in the productive capacity once these factors are ones of the main problems of the current productive system; it is appraised change and disturbance, analyzed the impact of the disturbance and considered the classification of the types of disturbance in the productive capacity. After this it is briefly revised the problem of resource allocation. Later the problem of order allocation in industrial cluster in function of great disturbance in the production is studied, contemplating the definition of the problem with proposal of process of order allocation, the construction of the model and the use of the language of Modeling GAMS to get the results of the model. Finally a case study is presented that deepens the problem of disturbance in the productive capacity and order allocation in industrial cluster of the shoes´s sector of Birigüi (SP) commanded by a mother- company; in this case, the data are collected, the results are obtained and analysed. Since this research explore an aspect important and neglected by the Operations Management literature, this research brings a contribution for this knowledge area.
Soluções singulares para operadores diferenciais parciais com coeficientes constantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Figueiredo, Elisandra Bär de
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Santos Filho, José Ruidival Soares dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6112529384454347
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6886923319101401
The objective of this work is to present some properties of singular solutions for linear partial differential operators with constant coe±cients. We prove Paley-Wiener-Schwartz s theorem and its version for singular supports, these results carry information about the size of support and singular support, respectively, and also about the regularity of compact support distributions. We also prove two theorems of propagation of singularities s type for solutions of linear partial differential operators with constant coe±cients of real principal type. These results describe in particular, for a very specific situation, how small can the singular support of singular solutions be.
Avaliação da dor: comparação de métodos de auto-relato e provocativos em indivíduos com DORT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-26)
Poletto, Patrícia Rios
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Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8631547579695270
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMDS) are responsible for work absence and high costs in compensations in Brazil. Its diagnostic is important because it is used to guide clinical and legal decisions. The report of pain is the usual element to describe this syndrome, so the pain assessment is essential. Therefore, the purposes of this research were: to compare provocative tests (pressure algometry and manual palpation) and subjective reports of pain (pain scales); to identify the sensitivity of different procedures and its individual contribution to the pain phenomenon. Hundred thirty four women, workers in industrial line of production were evaluated; among them were recruited 83, with mean age of 33,4 +- 6,67 years, that manifested pain caused by WMDS. An anamnesis questionary was used in this research, with the pain being measured by numeric and verbal descriptive scales, manual palpation, and pressure algometry. The analyses of the data were descriptive, and were performed Spearman’s correlation tests, and ordinal logistic regression. According to the results, the evaluated population may be classified as synthomatic by all the instruments used in this research. Regarding the provocative tests the pressure algometry was more sensitive than manual palpation (90 and 80% being identified as sintomatic subjects, respectively). The correlation coefficient between the pain scales was good (r = 0,74), and between the manual palpation and pressure algometry was poor (r = -0,38), but statistically significant (p<0,05). Otherwise, the association of the provocative tests (pressure algometry and manual palpation) with the subjective reports of pain (pain scales) was poor a regular (r= -0,26 – 0,51; p<0,05). The regression analyses demonstrated that the manual palpation, among all the instruments used, was the only one efficient in classifying the population through the pain scales. The results suggest the need for the application of a provocative test in association with subjective reports of pain when a better characterization of WMDS is concerned.
Escola e famílias: mundos que se falam? Um estudo no contexto da implementação da progressão continuada.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Magalhães, Cleidilene Ramos
;
Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
The aim of the present study was to analyze how school-families relations took place in the context of the implementation of the Continued Promotion (Progressão Continuada) policy at a public elementary school in the State of São Paulo. This research, of a qualitative nature, a multiple case study, made use of in-depth interviewing as the main methodological strategy with the educational agents (two teachers, one coordinator and the principal) and seven families and their respective children, 7th grade students. By investigating the school-families interactions in the context of public educational policies it was possible to comprehend, amongst other aspects, the participants opinions about the importance of the school, the teachers role, the quality of the teaching offered, the type of the relations the school establishes with the students families, the families access to the educational proposals developed by the school. Despite increasing indication in the educational literature and legislation on the need for closer school-families relations, the results show that these relations are yet to be constructed. Although all the participants consider these relations to be important there are some school aspects that hinder their satisfactory accomplishment. The existing school-families relations are based on power inequality and centered on the ideal and interests established by the school and its agents rather than on real possibilities of interaction with families and their children and on their aspirations. Besides being in a cultural disadvantageous situation as compared to the school participants, the families do not receive the necessary and proper clarifications about changes and innovations that directly or indirectly affect their children s schooling, but are summoned to assist in the difficulties found by the teachers as regards the students learning and behavior. In addition, the irregular and fragmented process of elaboration and implementation of public educational policies and their effects on the educative practices and school routines were analyzed, indicating some aspects to which education administrators should pay close attention if they intend to provide the citizens with higher quality education. Rather than being regarded as mere implementers of educational policies the school and the community should be regarded as actors in this process, since they are directly responsible for the successful implementation of the proposals, and they also have to endure their direct effects. If schools and families look upon each other as such and jointly reflect about and participate in the implementation of educational proposals, the latter may develop into more efficient and democratic school practices. Also, they may favor the democratization and participation in other spaces of society.
Estratégias e planejamento da produção de micro e pequenas empresas do ramo alimentício: estudos de caso.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Bernardo, Júlio Samuel Sávio
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Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
This work presents a discussion about models of production management of the micron and small companies (MSCs) in the food industry, that for having distinct characteristics, such as less capital, low technology, segmented market and nonprofessional administration, cannot follow the classic models of production management. In this work we try to understand how the strategies and the production planning of the MSCs work in the segment of chocolate based products, allowing its survival in the food industry. Four companies of the branch were studied and the actionresearch methodology was employed, as well as visits with application of questionnaires. One can conclude that each MSC has its proper logic of production management that is a consequence of the difficulties and circumstances faced by each one of them. In other words, each one possess its own strategies to attend the chance markets. These strategies, in general, are defensive.
Capacitação de conselheiros tutelares: instruir para aprimorar.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Silva, Joviane Marcondelli Dias da
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Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
Construção de espaços classificantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Lübeck, Kelly Roberta Mazzutti
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Barros, Tomas Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0566437269280224
In this work we present a construction of classifying spaces for principal bundles by studying simplicial and co-simplicial objects over a category and as application we present the construction of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces K(G; n); where G is a (abelian if n > 1) group and n is a positive integer.
Canais de distribuição para produtos da agricultura familiar: um estudo em hortaliças.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Machado, Melise Dantas
;
Silva, Andrea Lago da
The intention of this work is to study marketing channel for products proceeding from small holders agriculture. Considering that small holders agriculture,in São Paulo State, represents 95% of the production of fresh vegetables, the focus this research falls again on the marketing channel of the related production. Initially a background revision was become about some topics to the subject, in special: marketing channels and small holders agriculture. In the empirical research, a multi-case study was made with small holders agriculture and involved companies in the distribution of fresh vegetables, in two subsequent phases. In the first, searched to understand the particularitities of small holders agriculture. Then, twenty-four small holders agriculture and five specialists of the area had been interviewed. In the second phase, twenty-four members of the retail market, wholesale market and food service companies had been interviewed, two managements of CEASAs, some agents who if had shown to potentials for the fresh vegetables distribution and non-small holders agriculture (patronal). To point out the reader to the studied sector, before the empirical analysis, a panorama of the marketing channels of fresh vegetables in São Paulo State was prepared. The sample included the main important involved in the distribution of fresh vegetables, except the final consumers, was possible to identify the currently channels used by the small holders agriculture, the main important agents in the marketing channel of these products and the requirements demanded for each agent. On the basis of such information, had been formulated some recommendations and suggestions about some alternatives channels for the distribution of fresh vegetables, as well as proposes for a better positioning of the small holder agriculture in the distribution of its products.
Estudo da origem biossintética do ácido acético e determinação da acidez em amostras de vinagres comerciais via RMN de 2H e 1H
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Boffo, Elisangela Fabiana
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3011157419125842
In this work we describe the use of NMR in the biosynthetic origin study of acetic acid and acidity determination in commercial vinegar samples. The sitespecific natural isotope fractionation of hydrogen and deuterium was investigated by 2H and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (SNIF-NMR). This method is based on the ratio of deuterium/hydrogen content at a specific position (methyl site) of acetic acid molecule. The acetic acid, after ethanol fermentation, can be obtained from plants sugars with different biosynthetic mechanisms C3, C4 or CAM and resulting in different isotopic ratios. In this study we measured the isotopic ratio of vinegars obtained from C3 plants 98,6 111,8 ppm, C4 plants about 130 ppm, and CAM plants 106,0 ppm. We also measured contend of agrins, which are vinegars of alcohol and wine, 115,2 129,3 ppm, and for the synthetic acetic acid with higher value, 153,5 ppm. Commercial samples were obtained in the local shopping in São Carlos SP and the standard samples were obtained from reliable origin and provided isotopic ratio values used as reference. Sample acidity was studied through 1H NMR and by titration. These techniques provided acidity between 1 and 7%. Commercial samples showed acidity about 4% that agree with the values in product labels instruction.
Redes neurais construtivas para a classificação de padrões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Palma Neto, Luiz Garcia
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Nicoletti, Maria do Carmo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6454154048263145
Constructive neural learning is a neural learning model that does not assume a fixed topology before training begins. The main characteristic of this learning model is the dynamic construction of the network hidden layers which occurs simultaneously with training. This research work investigates six constructive neural algorithms namely, tower, pyramid, tiling, upstart, Distal and cascade-correlation, evaluating each of them with relation to advantages and disadvantages, ease of training, size and topology of the network, restrictions and performance. The work presents a computational system (CONEB) which implements each algorithm. Results obtained by using the different algorithms in several knowledge domains are presented and analysed.
Sistemas locais de produção agroindustrial: um modelo de competitividade.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Campeão, Patrícia
;
Batalha, Mario Otávio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
This work concerns the research field on agribusiness and local development. The importance of the agribusiness in the Brazilian economy has justified the wide discussion on forms of promoting the invigoration of the sector. The technological evolution of agriculture in the world and, in particular in Brazil, has induced the accomplishment of changes in the structure and in Agro industrial operation, resulting in a new organizational dynamic based on some key factors as specialization and flexibility. Those factors have been inducing the search for forms of productive organizations that favor the increase of competitiveness under the point of view of efficiency and of productive effectiveness, that is, to offer a product in the amount and in the quality disputed, and at the right moment. On the other hand, the development of agribusiness has also been seen under another angle, other than that addressing the economic growth purely. The need to understand and to minimize the present socioeconomic disparities in the Brazilian territory, has been guiding actions of development of agribusiness in the sense of seeking the satisfaction of economic and social factors present in each territory. For such, the social and cultural characteristics start to have greater influence in the detailing of actions of economical invigoration of a given territory. Thus, this work seeks to investigate theoretical approaches and practical cases associated to the concept of Local System of Production, based on the organization of productive activities based on proximity economies and on the interaction logic. For such, the methodology used incorporates the method of study of multiple cases and the techniques of direct and indirect documentation, and intense direct observation. This work proposes a model of development of the competitiveness of local systems of production, especially based on agribusiness. The model identifies factors relevant to the competitiveness of these systems, resulting from the interaction between factors of organizacional, institucional and social-cultural order present in the local environment. The results extend the knowledge of the social-economical dynamics of these types of productive systems, identifying the importance of the human capital and of the institutional capital in the development of the competitiveness of the local companies, especially those which are small sized, and in the economic and social growth of the territory, under the perspective of sustainable development.
Estudo fitoquímico de plantas das famílias Rutaceae e Meliaceae visando o isolamento de substâncias protótipos para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos antichagásicos e antileischmanioses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Ambrozin, Alessandra Regina Pepe
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
This work involved the bioassay-guided study of Almeidea coerulea, A. rubra, Conchocarpus heterophyllus, Galipea carinata (Rutaceae), and Trichilia ramalhoi (Meliaceae). The bioassays were carried out with T. cruzi GAPDH and L. tarentolae APRT enzymes, and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi as model assays. The results obtained with extracts and fractions showed that selected plants are promising source for the search of antiprotozoal compounds. Chemical investigation of active fractions (or extracts) allowed the isolation of 30 substances. Among them, 6 are described for the first time: an eudesmane sesquiterpene, pyranoflavones, a tetrahydrofuroquinoline alkaloid, an indolopyridoquinazoline alkaloid, an anthranilic acid derivative, and 1,5-diphenyl-1-pentanone; and 24 substances have already been described in the literature: β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, sitostenone, β-sitosteryl benzoate, lupeol, lupenone, flavone, 7-methoxyflavone, 5-hydroxyflavone, dictamine, kokusagine, skimmianine, δ-fagarine, isokokusagine, isoskimmianine, isodutaduprine, haplotusine, 1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-quinolone, arborinine, scoparone, scopoletin, marmesine, paprazine, N-transferuloyltyramine, and siringic acid. Among these substances, furoquinolone alkaloids isokokusagine and isoskimmianine were actives on the inhibition of APRT enzyme; marmesine was active on GAPDH enzyme; and haplotusine and the 1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-quinolone alkaloid showed significant trypanocidal activities. The biological results showed that a systematic investigation of active chemical classes is needed for determination of structure-activity relationship and obtaining more active substances, that could be used as targets for the development of new antichagasic and antileishmaniasis drugs.
Sistema de leito de drenagem e sedimentador como solução para redução de volume de lodo de decantadores e reuso de água de lavagem de filtros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27)
Fontana, Antonio Osmar
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
Water supply systems utilize, in most cases, conventional Water Treatment Plants (WTPs). These plants use alum and ferric salts in their coagulation process, and produce residues (sludge) mainly in filter systems and decanter tanks. The produced residues may be toxic to man and are usually disposed of on environment without any kind of treatment, therefore causing pollution. They present fluid characteristic with low solid content and great amount of water. Such characteristic hampers its transportation and proper disposal. The Cardoso plant used to fit the profile of pollutant, dumping its untreated sludge directly into a nearby stream. As a solution to this problem a system with a drainage bed for the sludge from decanter tank and a sedimentation tank for the backwash water from filters have been built. The system was built within the plant area itself. The drainage bed consists of a brick tank with a gravel layer support coated with a geotextile. The solid mass from the dewatered sludge showed adequate conditions as far as characteristics necessary for its final transportation and proper disposal. The water drained from sludge (effluent) is sent to the sedimentation tank. The turbidity, solids and COD were greatly reduced. The system was designed for a less than 30 days utilization period. The sedimentation tank consists of a fiberglass vase installed in a position that allows it to also receive the effluent from the drainage bed. The clarified water is recirculated to the influent of the water treatment plant and the solids are pumped to the drainage bed together the sludge from decanter tank. The system s operation does not require much labor and equipment. The aim of the research carried out was to design and analyze the drainage bed behavior according to prototype developed in the PROSAB 2 research Tema IV, integrated with Sedimentation Tank. Such integrated technology is an effective solution for the great majority of Water Treatment Plants with available areas. It is recommended that such system (Drainage bed and Sedimentation Tank) to be implemented should be always arranged to properly each individual Water Treatment Plant. Further studies should be also made on alternative of throwing clarified water straight from decanter tank to filters before dumping the sludge into drainage bed.