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Determinação da força de adesão entre partículas e uma superfície aplicando a técnica centrífuga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-03-31)
Felicetti, Marcos Alceu
;
Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
The present work is dedicated to the investigation of the influence of particles size of the powdery material on the adhesion force of particle-substrate, using the centrifugal technique for different compression speeds and detachment. A centrifuge (MA - 860, Marconi Equipamentos), with maximum speed of rotation 14000 rpm, was used in the adhesion experiments and also a program of analysis of images (Image-Pro Plus 3.0). For the experiments development, two tubes were specially builded and installed in the headstock of the centrifuge. Inside of those tubes there are two adapters placed with the purpose to stand the proof disks containing the powdery material. The centrifugal force speed is generated to promote the compression (Press-on) or the detachment (Spin-off) of the particles on the surface of the disks. After the count of the particles initially stuck on the surface, the disks were returned back in the centrifuge to proceed the detachment of the particles, using different rotation speeds. After each increase of the rotational speed, the number of particles stuck on the surface of the disks is monitored. The centrifugal speed will exceed above of the adhesion force between the particle and the surface. At equilibrium, the magnitude of the centrifugal force applied equals the adhesion force. The influence of the applied forces in the adhesion of the phosphatic concentrate (ρ = 3,066 g/cm3 and dp = 14,91 µm), the manioc starch (ρ =1,491 g/cm3 and dp = 4,93 µm) and the dolomite limestone (ρ =2,838 g/cm3 and dp = 11,97 µm) on a substratum of stainless steel was investigated using the centrifugal technique. The range diameter studied for those particulate materials were of 10 - 17 µm, 17 - 24 µm and 24 - 31 µm. The particles of each powder were pressed initially on the surface of the substratum centrifuged to a private speed, and immediately after this phase, the adhesion profile was determined. All the powders obeyed a log-normal distribution of percentage of particles stuck in relation to adhesion force. It was obtained the force of geometric medium adhesion for all the powders and it was verified that there was a lineal increase with the force of compression applied initially. For polydisperse particles stuck on a surface, the necessary force to separate the particles varies proportionally to your size. And the adhesion force among particles of the three powdery materials, used in the experiments, and the surface of the disk of stainless steel increased with the increase of the size of the particles and with the increase of the compression force (press-on). the order of adherence indicated the following relationship: manioc starch > dolomite limestone > phosphatic concentrate.
Casa das mangueiras: espaço de aprendência no cotidiano de adolescentes com vivência de rua.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-03-31)
Lopes, Osvaldo Tadeu
;
Gonsalves, Elisa Pereira
This research work is a study of case undertaken at Escola Experimental Casa das Mangueiras, a non-governmental organization created in the 70 s and which showed to be the pioneer in the development of a pedagogic experience with teenagers of age ranging between 12 to 17 years old, who committed infractions to Law. The target of this research was to try to understand the logic which moves and gives life to the educational action of the teachers belonging to this institution, as well as, how comes out the process of re-organizing their lives (boys and girls), who experienced that situation. The empirical data was built from a spring of the researcher in the daily life of the institution, the notes made every day in a field diary; interviews were undertaken with the founders of this non-governmental organization aiming at rescuing the history of the institution and also rescuing aspects of their lives. Besides two interviews were made with a boy and a girl who re-organized their lives, leaving criminality behind. The constructed data with the subjects of research were analyzed from the Giznburg s indicatory paradigm, i.e., listening to deaf clues and putting attention to not uttered speech; Assmann s concept of learning, which does not separate cognitive process from those vital ones; Balandier and Morin, using the concept of order/disorder and the work with uncertainties; among others to cite some. The results indicated that the spirituality is an important element which gives direction to the work developed by the educators and that the pedagogic experience developed at the non-governmental organization is new and innovative due to the immersion of the educators in the daily life of the teenagers who lived in the street, by incorporating the disorder in the educators work, opening to reality and the uncertainties that life brings.
A organização do processo de trabalho na escola: uma crítica do trabalho pedagógico na formação do trabalhador em saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-03-31)
Travassos, Ronaldo dos Santos
;
Gonsalves, Elisa Pereira
This study is intended to approach the modifications in the organization of the process of work, which take place inside school due to the transformations in the world of work. Its main objective is to set out to investigate the changes in the organization of the pedagogical work and their implications in the technical and professional background of the workers in the field of health, because of the significant influence of capital on structuring the school direct or indirectly. This study also intends for studying the nature of school as an organization, highlighting the function of the specialists as a way of controlling the technical division in the organization of work in schools. It also highlights the ideological character of the pedagogical work responsible for the education of workers, who are meant to occupy different levels in the hierarchy of the capitalistic production by means of a correspondence between the social relations of production and the social relations of education. The conclusions indicate that the organization of schoolwork follows the principles of rationality and has a very well defined hierarchical structure. It emphasizes the culpability of school whenever it does not provide appropriate education for the workers. The pedagogical work points out to the ideological discourse of the specialized knowledge while exercising the functions in the educational system. Also, it focuses on the pedagogical work as a political act.
Produtos em homologia e cohomologia na categoria dos complexos simpliciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-03-31)
Bugs, Cristhian Augusto
;
Penteado, Dirceu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2407287645408153
In this work we present fundamental theory to establish the coordinates of the Kronecker Index, Cup and Cap Products in the finite Simplicial Complexes category in terms of chain and cochain.
A comunicação e compreensão da informação sobre riscos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
;
Pinheiro, Sonia Maria
;
Oliveira Junior, José Carmo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
Situado dentro do contexto da sociedade de risco, como concebida pelos sociólogos Beck e Giddens, o texto explora teoricamente, a partir de uma revisão da literatura, aspectos da relação entre a informação comunicada sobre os riscos e a percepção pública dos riscos. Delineia-se aspectos de dois paradigmas da área: o cognitivo e o cultural. Reconhece-se que, embora alguns resultados de pesquisas do paradigma cognitivo sejam valiosos para aqueles profissionais encarregados de comunicar informações sobre risco, o paradigma cultural oferece subsídios mais ricos para captar e analisar as compreensões ou percepções que os grupos de atores sociais detêm em relação à problemática de risco. Faz-se algumas relações com a questão atual dos transgênicos no Brasil.
O lúdico em Química : jogos e atividades aplicados ao ensino de Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-01)
Soares, Márlon Herbert Flora Barbosa
;
Cavalheiro, Éder Tadeu Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4745280891704797
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9698540158266610
In this work games and ludic activities are applied to chemistry teaching. In the introduction, the constructivism aspects of the theories of cognitive development are presented. Then, the ideas and theories of both ludic activities and games are considered based on its philosophic, pedagogic and social aspects. Is also proposed four interaction levels between the games and the students. In the first interaction level, the games are utilized to demonstrate an aparent reality by means of a simulation. In the second interaction level, there is a presence of game, in the sense of a competition where there are losers and winners, using a boardgame. In the third interaction level it is conceived the handling of the game by the player, and new games, new toys and new rules will result. In the fourth interaction level comics magazines are used to teach chemistry. Rules, advantages and disadvantages of using games in chemistry teaching are showed and discussed. After that, the games are evaluated based on questions and interviews with both teachers and students. The games are an excellent alternative in the classroom, raising the students interest and, as a result, their motivation. Almost of 100% of the students use to get involved in the games activities in the classroom. As a result, a better discipline is observed. Both students and teachers interact by themselves through the games leading to a improved sociability and cooperation by the players. So, the games cause the cognitive development and it is not a consequence of it.
Behaviorismo radical, ética e política: aspectos teóricos do compromisso social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-01)
Dittrich, Alexandre
;
Abib, José Antônio Damásio
O papel da interação elétron-elétron no regime Hall quântico interio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-02)
Silva, Sanderson Francisco Fernandes Pereira da
;
Studart Filho, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451310772113076
Experimental and theoretical studies of the aspects of particle-like and collective behavior of electrons in the proximity of the edges of two-dimensional (2DES) and quasi-one-dimensional (Q1DES) systems, named quantum wires (QWs), in semiconductor heterostructures reveal the important role of the electron-electron interaction on the edge states in the integer quantum Hall regime (IQHR). In this thesis we treat two essentially diﬀerent problems concerning the eﬀects of the electron-electron interaction in low-dimensional electron system in the IQHR. The first problem is related to the suppression of the spin-splitting of the lowest Landau level (LL) (n = 0) due to many-body eﬀects (the electron-electron interaction including exchange and correlation eﬀects of the edge states) in QWs in the IQHR, where the electron behavior is particle-like. Two scenarios are discussed for the collapse of the IQHR at ν = 1 for an electron channel of eﬀective width W modelling the QW. In the first scenario we assume that there is no electron redistribution in the region limited by W at a critical magnetic field B(1) cr , for which the Fermi level (FL) coincides with the bottom of the highest empty LL, at the threshold of the spin-splitting. For B < B(1) cr the IQHR at ν = 1 is termodinamically unstable. This scenario is analyzed within the generalized local density approximation (GLDA) developed here for the QW, at high magnetic fields - ωc À Ω, where ωc and Ω are the ciclotronic and lateral confinement (which we assume as parabolic one) frequencies, respectively. In the second scenario, we consider the possibility of a transition for the IQHR at ν = 2 with an eﬀective width W/2, at a critical magnetic field B(2) cr . In this scenario, the collapse of the IQHR at ν = 1 is studied within the Hartree-Fock approximation (HFA), when the bare factor g0 is neglected (this is a good approximation for QWs based on GaAs). We show that the contribution for the total energy coming from the direct interaction (Hartree term) has a strong eﬀect on B(2) cr due to the high electron redistribution inside the narrow channel that defines the QW at B(2) cr . In both scenarios, the enhanced spin-splitting by exchange is suppressed at the critical magnetic field. From our results, we conclude that only the first scenario explains all the experimental findings obtained by Wróbel et al. and Pallecchi et al.. In the second problem, where the collective aspects of the electron system are dominant, we study the influence of the temperature on the dispersion relation and the spatial structure of the edge magnetoplasmons (EMPs) in wide electron channels in the RHQI at ν = 1 (2) and 4, in the range ¯hωc À kB T À ¯hvH gn/2 0, for diﬀerent dissipation regimes, by extending the pioneering work by Balev and Studart; here, ¯h is the constant of Planck constant (by 2π), kB is the constant of Boltzmann, vH gn is the group velocity (in Hartree approximation) of the edge states of n-th LL, and 0 is the magnetic lenght. A new mode called the edge helicon is found which is the only one that survive for very strong dissipation regime. For a sake of completeness, the general picture of the other modes is presented in the weak dissipation regime. EMPs in the IQHR for ν = 4 are also evaluated for weak dissipation and we find strong renormalization of the pure EMPs when the Coulomb interaction is considered appropriately. In all studied cases the important eﬀect of the gate and the air from a distance d of the wide electron channel is considered.
Consciência não-linear: de William James aos sistemas dinâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-02)
Kinouchi, Renato Rodrigues
;
Abib, José Antônio Damásio
William James’s scientific psychology was developed in order to surpass precedent approaches such as both Rationalism and Associationism. His masterpiece, The Principles of Psychology (1890), has been a mark in the history of psychological science because James already took cognitive processes as relations between the organisms and their environments. In this doctoral work, three contemporaneous cognitive theories are interpreted through James’s ideas: Artificial Intelligence, Connectionism and Dynamical Systems. This analysis, however, neither concerns scientific psychology nor philosophy of mind — in precise terms, the former examines psychological facts, and the later categorizes mental phenomena. Notwithstanding, we have done a conceptualcomparative study that categorizes the explanations proposed by those three cognitive theories. To be sure, this work should be labelled as a Philosophy of Cognitive Science. It examines theories concerned with cognition; so it is a philosophical analysis on cognitive science
Certificação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável: avaliação para o setor sucroalcooleiro localizado na bacia hidrográfica do rio Mogi-Guaçi/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-02)
Rodrigues, Isabel Cristina
;
Alves, Francisco José da Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
The sugar cane culture always was been associated, throughout its history, with ambient degradation and social contingencies. The positioning, on the part of the sugar cane industry, with relation to the negative impacts of its activity on the environment has been defensive, limited to fulfill the legal impositions. In this context, calls the attention the initiative of some sugar cane plants that had decided to produce certified sugar cane and certified organic sugar. This work discusses the motivations that had taken these plants to adopt this system of production and the factors that had concurred for this decision. It starts from the hypothesis that the basic motivation for this decision was the search for a differentiated product, with characteristics valued for the market, and, therefore, apt to increase the profit tax and valuing the capital. The work also allows analyzing until with point the premises of the Sustainable Development are observed by the plants when of its decisions of investments. From of the definition of that the sustainable development must incorporate the regional questions, the sugar cane industry in the Hydrographic Basin of the river Mogi-Guaçu was chosen for the study, because it is in this basin that is found the biggest productive portion of this sector in the country. The research carried through in one of the productive units in the Basin allowed to the construction of a diagnosis of the activity in the regional clipping and a delineation of the necessary changes to the organic production. The resultant diagnosis of the field research allowed concluding that the environment conditions of the plants that had opted to the organic production are significantly improved, but the premises foreseen by the organic certification are incapable to contemplate all the social and environment problems of this activity. The main problems are associated to the extensive exploration of the agricultural activity and the questions of exclusion of workers and small suppliers, generating social problems in the region of the enterprise. The analysis of the plants that had opted to the conversion demonstrates different strategies between them, but the research points out that the motivation that had taken them to decide for the conversion, was directed by the search for a differentiated product. The work concludes that the tools of ambient regulation, based in the market demand, as it is the case of the certificates and labels, is insufficient to contemplate all the premises of the regional sustainable development and that still it becomes necessary the performance of the State and its agencies in the regulation of the access, use and of the occupation of the agricultural space.
Crescimento de grãos anômalos em titanato de bário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-05)
Hasegawa, Haroldo Lhou
;
Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
;
Paulin Filho, Pedro Iris
Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) and derived material are extensively used in the manufacture for a large range of electronic components like multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC), semi-conductor devices, PTCR (positive temperature coefficient resistor) and electro-optic devices. Advanced ceramic powders preparation is playing an important role in modern ceramic research. Solid state synthesis of barium titanate has been studied in turning of the physical and chemical characteristics of the raw materials with special attention to the impurity levels, particle size distribution and particle morphology. Barium titanate has been in use for more than fifty years but important of the microstructure development is still needed for electronic ceramics in the future. The present work investigates the microstructural changes, mainly abnormal grain growth during the sintering of undoped and doped BaTiO3, with yttrium and barium. Samples doped with at least 0.15% mol of yttrium presented abnormal grain in a size around 50 µm and samples doped with at least 0.15% mol of barium presented abnormal grain in a size around 25 µm. Such fact can be attributed to the presence of localized liquid phase, during the sintering, leading to formed dissolution (or precipitation) sites and resulting in abnormal grain growth.
Autoecologia do camorim, Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), (Perciformes: Centropomidae) em ambiente hipersalino em Galinhos, RN, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-06)
Mendonça, Maisa Clari Farias Barbalho de
;
Oliveira, José Eduardo Lino
Studies were done with the objective of knowing more about the ecology of the species Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), regarding the aspects of population dynamics, age and growth, alimentary diet and reproduction. 1179 specimens (1122 males and 57 females), were captured in the Diamante Branco salt mine, Galinhos RN, the capture period happened between February 2001 and January 2003. Every month captures were done with the aid of fishing gears, looking for a representative sample of the population. The population dynamics showed a significant difference between the monthly relative frequencies distribution and for length classes, for males and females; and the same behavior occurred with the total weight distribution classes. The sexual proportion showed the prevalence of males during the whole period; being verified in the distribution by classes of length that there was an inversion among the sexes, the males pondered in classes of smaller length and the females in the classes of larger length. The growth parameters were obtained through the method of back calculation, being verified a low growth tax (K) and a high value of the asymptotic length. The analysis of the repletion Index and the medium repletion degree showed the prevalence of stomachs empty in the whole study period; the analysis of stomach content using the Index of Relative Importance and the alimentary Index revealed that the species is carnivore, with a tendency of piscivorous, with fishes, crustaceans, mollusks and insects in the diet. The Centropomus undecimalis reproduction was established using histological cuts, characterizing the stadiums of gonadal development for males and females. The oocyte and spermatogenic development observed allow inferring that the species is protandric hermaphrodite, through the simultaneous presence of spermatogenic tissues remains and ovarian tissues in development.
Secagem em leito fixo de sementes com mucilagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-06)
Prado, Manoel Marcelo do
;
Sartori, Dermeval José Mazzini
Attempting to contribute with the studies on mucilaginous seeds drying, the objective of this work is to study the simultaneous heat and mass transfer during drying in fixed bed of papaya seeds with and without mucilage. The physical-mathematical analysis used to predict the moisture and temperature profiles during drying was based on two-phases model, according to mass and heat balances in fluid and particulate phases. A moving coordinate system, that follows the bed contraction movement, was used to take into account the shrinkage phenomenon. Experimental investigations in a drying unit at bench scale were conducted to characterize the phenomenon of shrinkage and the physical properties of material as function of moisture content, as well as to determine the temperature and moisture content distributions, which were used to evaluate the model. The equations of thermodynamics equilibrium and heat and moisture transfer rate between the solid and fluid phases were obtained from specific studies. The model equations were solved using the finite difference method. Although the beds of mucilaginous seeds had the higher heat transfer rates, their drying rates were lower than those of non-mucilaginous seeds. Bed shrinkage was nearly 30% and 12% for seeds with and without mucilage, respectively, what is directly related to superficial characteristics of each particle and moisture gradients developed during drying. The analysis of the fixed bed drying of papaya seeds, which was based on the two-phases model, corroborated the importance of the bed shrinkage for a more accurate interpretation of heat and mass phenomena involved in drying of particles with high moisture contents. It is verified that the developed model is promising to predict the drying variable and that it must be tested in correlated studies.
Jornal da Tarde (1966-75): ideologia liberal e ditadura militar.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-06)
Gazzotti, Juliana
;
Martins Filho, João Roberto
Modelagem de um banco de dados para a implantação de um SIG para suporte ao plano de desenvolvimento institucional da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-07)
Fonseca, Valéria Irlinda Pádua Sartini
;
Röhm, Sergio Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
The Campus of the Universidad Federal de Sao Carlos - UFSCar involves around eight thousand people in higher education and research. In the last years, the urbanized area of the Campus increased very fast. This great expansion generated a larger demand in planning, administration and controls of several facilities and services in the University. The information about the Campus is stored in different departments and the fast growth of its built area did with that the administrators need faster system to update those data. So, in this work it was developed a spatial database modeling for the implementation of a Geographical Information System - GIS to the UFSCar Campus. GIS is a tool able to store, to manipulate and to analyze data enabling periodic updating. The method used in this work was based on spatial database modeling. Three levels of modeling were applied. In the first level (Real World), it was made a research to evaluate the needs of information of the administrative sections and another research to evaluate the proposals of the Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (Plan for Institutional Development) - PDI, of UFSCar. In the second level (Conceptual), it was created a Diagram of Themes and a Partial Meta Model. In the third level (Representation), the spatial database model was created using the Geo-OMT's notation Model.
Desenvolvimento de pigmentos nanométricos encapsulados.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-08)
Lopes, Kirian Pimenta
;
Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7179107650142147
In the present study, perovskite-type NiTiO3 ceramic pigments were prepared by the polymeric precursor method, originally proposed by Pechini. The transluscent and viscous polymeric resin was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis. The product of the resin s pyrolysis, also known as "puff", was desagglomerated and calcined at different temperatures, under room atmosphere. The evolution of the crystalline phase with increasing heat treatment temperature was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A comparative study of the characteristics of the ceramic pigments, which resulted from the calcination of the attrition-milled "puff", was made. The calcined powders presented high specific superficial area values, as determined by the BET method. The pigment colors were measured by the CIE - L*a*b* colorimetric system. It was observed, through the colorimetrics coordinates, that the pigments are yellow. The morphology of the prepared NiTiO3 powders was studied by scanning electron microscopy. A mean particle diameter of approximately 30nm was estimated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The isoelectric point of the particles dispersed in ethanol was determined. Afterwards, the attrition-milled, nanometric, single-phase pigments, calcined at 600ºC for 2 hours, were coated with an amorphous SiO2 layer. The encapsulation was done by a sol-gel process. Moreover, the encapsulation was confirmed through TEM characterization, X-ray dispersive energy analysis and a shift on the position of the isoelectric point of the dispersed particles
GUCCRA: técnicas de leitura para construção de modelos de casos de uso e análise de documentos de requisitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-10)
Belgamo, Anderson
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
The objective of this work was to define guidelines for Use Case Model (Use Case Diagram and Specification) construction. The use of use cases and UML notation for requirements modeling is a widely used option, don' t matter the development paradigm. However, neither guidelines for Use Case construction are provided by UML, neither there are works in the literature that provide a more systematic support for this activity. Hence, this activity is very dependent on the designer experience and subjectivity, leading to different models for the same system. The proposed techniques, named GUCCRA Guidelines for Use Case Construction and Requirement Analysis, are composed of two readings, AGRT Actor Goal Reading Technique and UCRT Use Case Reading Technique. The definition of these techniques was based on two other reading techniques: PBR-User, used for requirements Document inspection and ER1, of OORTs/ProDeS family, used to validate Use Case Models in relation to the Requirement Documents that were the basis for the model construction. Aiming at evaluating GUCCRA two empirical studies were carried out: the first compared the proposed techniques with an Ad-Hoc approach by constructing Use Case Models related with some Requirement Documents. The second study compared the defects related during the models construction with the defects of PBR-User application in the same documents. From the first study, the results provide evidences that the activity became more systematic with the use of the techniques and that the models became more standardized. From the second study the results showed that the majority of defects found were common to both techniques. Moreover, a study has been prepared to show the positive influence of the systematic standardization of Use Case Models in the application of the Use Case Point metric.
Incorporação de diretrizes bioclimáticas e de acessibilidade no projeto urbano. Estudo de caso na cidade de Jaboticabal, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-13)
Reis, Patrícia Orfila Barros dos
;
Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
Cities have become a challenge to urban planning professionals. This paper aims to present environmentally adequate techniques of urban intervention to implement cities in the urban design. The methodological development of the research was based on a classical literature review, as well as on the analysis of recent documents, as agenda 21, concerning the environmental sustainability. From the data collection it was possible to compare and organize principles and propose applicable procedures for the urban design. The ideas of bioclimatic urbanism and sustainable development were used having in view the necessity of human comfort in the environment built. In addition, the phenomena resulting from the urbanization process, such as urban microclimate, heat island effects and others, were observed by means of an ecosystemic analysis of the city. The positive relation between the anthropic actions and the natural environment is desirable. The use of environmental techniques aims to minimize the negative effects which result from the predatory way man establishes himself in the urban space by means of an adequate interaction between the implementation of cities and the climatic, topographic and geomorphological factors existing in the urban space. The use of such techniques also aims to propose a bioclimatic urbanism by the utilization and occupation of urban soil according to the environmental planning principles, which is based on the universal design. Due to analytical issues the present study focuses on the hot-humid tropical weather, as it is the most significant type of weather in Brazil. The empirical object of this research corresponds to a central urban area in Jaboticabal, SP. A route with a large flow of pedestrians was chosen for situation. According to the interventions criteria adopted along the study, the problems and possible suggestions to improve the area were diagnosed and analyzed.
A ictiofauna de áreas rasas do complexo estuarino baía de Paranaguá, Paraná
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-15)
Fávaro, Luís Fernando
;
Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1862746100743391
The present work investigated the ichthyofauna in the shallow waters of the Paranaguá Bay estuarine complex, Paraná state, Brazil, considering eight sample sites along the north-south axis. The analyses of the physical and the chemical data series of the water and the biological data monthly obtained, taking in account the sediment data series seasonally determined in each site, making possible the environmental characterization and the quali-quantitative assessment of the local ichthyofauna. The hydrological parameter values reflecting an environmental gradient defined by the increasing from the north to the south region of the estuary. The northern sample sites were characterized by higher continental water influence, lower hydrodynamic and higher fine granules amount in the sediment. The biological data analyses of the ichthyofauna in the studied area showed that the complete life cycles of some species take place in this area, emphasized by the relevant occurrence frequencies of juvenile and adult specimens. In the meantime, the highest values of the hydrological parameters were registered on the southern sample sites of the estuary, showing the influence of the marine salt water and characterized by the higher hydrodynamic forces reflected by the high amount of thick granules in the sediment. The ichthyofauna is mainly represented by juvenile fish of marine species that utilize the estuary in some periods of the year and by sporadic marine species. The shallow water ichthyofauna of the Paranaguá Bay estuarine complex is composed by 96 species with predominance of occasional species in comparison to the constant ones, indicating a dynamic environment. The quantitative data analyses of the ichthyofauna showed seasonal differences as in the species composition as in the catch proportion, resulting in a seasonal characterization of the specific richness, of the species diversity, of the eveness and of the similarity indices. The results of the present study emphasize the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the environment, taking in account its characteristics and the ichthyofauna composition, revealing that the shallow waters of Paranaguá Bay estuarine complex constitute a highly dynamic environment.
Atropelamento de vertebrados silvestres em uma região fragmentada do nordeste do estado de São Paulo: quantificação do impacto e análise de fatores envolvidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-04-15)
Prada, Cristiana de Santis
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
Mortality due to road kills has a great impact on natural populations. The present work had the objectives of quantifying road-killed vertebrates in a circuit of the main highways of northeastern São Paulo State, a fragmented area with several unconnected Conservation Units, and to identify factors associated with this source of mortality. For the count of road-killed animals, 52 weekly trips were performed during one year (August 19, 2002 to August 11, 2003) in a circuit of the highways SP253, SP330, SP215, SP310, SP215, SP318, SP255. The species encountered were classified in numbers of one to five, in decreasing order, according to the priority of its conservation in the area. The results from the trips were 596 animals of 81 different species: birds, 310 (52% of the total, 45 identified species); mammals, 184 (31%, 23 species); reptiles, 56 (9%, 11 species); amphibians 35 (6%, 2 species); and 11 (2%), not identified. Considering the 239,24km of the circuit 2,49 animals/km/year were killed. Considering the total effort of 12.440,48km traveled, an average of 0,048animals/km was obtained. These data were added to those supplied by other sources of information, yielding records of 746 animals: 323 birds, 266 mammals, 94 reptiles, 35 amphibians and 28 not identified. In a general way there was smaller number of road-kills in the dry period than in the rainy season, but there was great variation among some species, apparently related to their natural history. The most-frequently found species was the opossum (Didelphis albiventris), with 53 records, in other words, 28,8% of the total of mammals, 8,89% of the total of animals. The Order Carnivora had the largest number of road-killed species (4) among the mammals. There were records of threatened species at the São Paulo State such as the Maned-wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), Giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and Broad Snouted Caiman (Cayman latirostris) and of species that don't occurr naturally in the State. It was found that 70,21% of the animals of categories 1 and 2 (i.e. conservation priorities in the area) died in 47%, or 111,72km of the studied itinerary. This road segment is at a maximum distance of 10km from the nearby Conservation Units, or 5km from the river Mogí-Guaçu. Mitigatory measures were discussed, and four prioritary areas for their establishment were proposed.