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Cuidado e educação nas atividades do berçário e suas implicações na atuação profissional para o desenvolvimento e inclusão da criança de 0 a 18 meses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-05-11) Vitta, Fabiana Cristina Frigieri de; Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
The insertion of children from 0 to 18 months old in children educational institutions, especially in groups like day care centers, has promoted several studies related to factors which involve such situation. Once one believes that these institutions will not only provide experiences that promote the child s interaction with other people but also encourage the development of the motor, perceptive and cognitive aspects, propitiating maturity so that the child can reach the autonomy and independence, one can have, in theory, a motivating view. Such phase can be considered the first one of the inclusive education. This study aims at analyzing the daily activities proposed to the day care center as a resource for the development of children from 0 to 18 months old. Documents on children education were studied. The practices of seven professionals who work at two day care centers which are linked to the Municipal Secretary of Education in Bauru were observed and interviews were realized. Such day care centers were chosen because they belong to the Secretary of Education mentioned above and are, thus, closer to fit the official documents which legislate for the children education. Such instruments focused the daily activities developed with the children. The data were organized according to analytic categories the day care center role, the conception of educating, taking care and playing, deficiency and inclusion and the daily activities organization were detailed. Such data were also analyzed according to the qualitative approach, allowing the confrontation between the empirical and theoretical material. The outcomes showed that the official documents do not discuss much about such phase, thus, the relationship between the daily activities and their role in the child s development is inaccurate. The care activities are prioritized and become part of the child s education, once, from the professionals viewpoint, they have a disciplinary role. In such context, the inclusion of children with special needs has some restrictions which express the preconceived ideas about deficiency. These outcomes are justified not only by the lack of knowledge about the child s development and the factors around it but also by the fact that they link their activities to their personal experiences. Taking the current practice into account, one should make efforts towards professional improvement so that they can understand their actions, attributing to them an educational intention.
Estudo de estruturas, interações e reconhecimento molecular em carboidratos utilizando simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-05-11) Pereira, Cristina Saldanha; Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
In this work, computer simulation methods were applied to investigate glucose-derived carbohydrates in solution at atomistic resolution. The carbohydrates considered were: trehalose and cyclodextrins. The disaccharide trehalose is well known for its bioprotective properties. Produced in large amounts in organisms able to survive extremely damaging conditions trehalose plays its protective role by stabilizing biostructures such as proteins and lipid membranes. In the present study, molecular-dynamics simulations were used to investigate the interaction of trehalose with a protein and a membrane. To investigate the interaction trehalose-protein molecular-dynamics simulations of the protein lysozyme in solution have been carried out in the presence and in the absence of trehalose at room temperature. The results show that the trehalose molecules cluster and move towards the protein, but do neither completely expel water from its surface, nor form hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the coating by trehalose does not significantly reduce the conformational fluctuations of the protein. The interaction trehalose-membrane was investigated performing simulations of a lipid bilayer in the absence and in the presence of trehalose at two different concentrations and temperatures. The results show that trehalose is able to minimize the disruptive effect of elevated temperature and stabilize the bilayer structure. Trehalose is found to interact directly with the bilayer through hydrogen bonds. However, the water molecules at the bilayer surface are not completely replaced. At high temperature the protective effect of trehalose is correlated with an increase in the number of hydrogen bonds with the bilayer and of trehalose molecules bridging three or more lipid molecules. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides presenting a cavity able to accommodate and modify the properties of a huge variety of molecules. Their structural behavior in solution is determinant for the complexation abilities. Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed in solution for the three natural (α, β and γ) cyclodextrins at room temperature. Results show that the conformational flexibility in solution is mainly defined by variations in the ring backbone of these molecules. Interglucose secondary hydrogen bonds are present in solution and show a very dynamical character, where alternative hydrogen bonds to water molecules are present. Water molecules were found to exist inside the cavities and present residence times in this region that is dependent on the size of the cyclodextrin molecule.
A modernização tecnológica: seu patamar nos sistemas prediais hidráulicos e sanitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-05-11) Aro, Celso Ricardo; Amorim, Simar Vieira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8264867164852836
Our country current socioeconomic environment is critical, with significant reduction in the construction industry consumer trade and great competition among this sector corporations which, to keep producing, are obliged to rethink their way to do so. Then, since the 80´s, these corporations have been questioning their technological delay and the low quality of their products, investing, afterwards, in the sector modernization. In this context, this research proposes a discussion about the adopted actions for sector technological modernization in order to rationalize and improve quality, as well as its technological level, emphasizing the Pumbling Systems. To do so, bibliographies related to the subject have been consulted to get familiar to the problem and possible ways to face the question and, in a later moment, verify it using cases of study. A field research was held in medium and small construction corporations in Ribeirão Preto. It was structured with visits to the buildings, where items related to the problems were verified through a Check-list and, later, analyzed to determine the corporation technological level related to the Pumbling Systems. In this research, it was evidenced the construction corporation unconcern related to the Pumbling Systems and its less importance compared to another sub-systems, such as architecture and structures. The technological level found in these corporations brings out the evidence of management investment necessity, creation of standard procedures and evaluation and selection criterion of the work. Only after consolidating these questions, the introduction of technological innovations will achieve their purposes.