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Envolvimento de cuidadores no programa educacional de pessoas com autismo e deficiências severas: o que é e como medí-lo?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Assunção, Karine Ribeiro de; Aiello, Ana Lúcia Rossito
The involvement of the family in the special education of handicapped individuals has been raising of researchers who try to identify involvement behaviors and elaborate specific strategies to each family, in order to help them in dealing with the different aspects of the child s life. Researches indicate that parents participation is stile limitaded and passive. Literature affirms that the involvement is articulated with multiple factors, which are found in the family, school and social enviroment. The few studies consider parents involvement in a educational program of young people with special needs, principly when they have severe limitations. The present study has as its objective to elaborate tools of evaluation of parents involvement in the educational program of individuals with special needs and identify the involvement of one of the parents of autistas and severe handicapped individuals and correlate with aquisition habilities in the basic activities of the students. We also tried to look for the answer if the number weekly attending offered by the school influenced parents involvement. Participated in this study thirty eight careers, whose students attend school for individuals with special needs, in Ribeirão Preto. This evaluation was based in specific literature data and also writer teachers and parents. It was also used a tool of the school for assessment of the aquisition of habilities in basic activities. Statistic analysis through Pearson s correlation indicate that there isn t correlation between students performance in basic habilities aplicatade and involvement in educational process, although there as a high positive correlation between the performance of the students between asnwer by careers and teachers. Important mention that the gain for students in basic habilities were little.
Análise funcional como instrumento de inclusão no ensino de língua estrangeira.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Sousa, Frances Diana Tornabene de; Souza, Deisy das Graças de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate the effects of a workshop for English language teachers in how to plan teaching strategies based on a functional analysis of the student s performance. An underlying supposition was that teaching centered on student needs could result in academic and social inclusion for students as a by product of learning achievement. The workshop was taught in two modules, the first to supply a conceptual base on learning differences and special educational needs and the second to supply a conceptual base and teach functional analysis skills. The researcher made a functional analysis of the data from observation of classes taught by participants before the workshop. The analysis focused on the repeated errors made by students, the conditions which may have produced their occurrence and possible alternatives to change these conditions. In some cases, changes were implemented and their effect was successful in students overcoming errors. Participants were seven teachers in a private English language school. Two instruments to evaluate sense of efficacy as a teacher (TES) and sense of responsibility for student achievement (RSA), were applied before and after the second workshop module. Interviews with the teachers were conducted one year after the conclusion of the workshop. The results of the standard instruments showed that teachers presented intermediate or elevated levels of sense of teacher efficacy and responsibility for student achievement at the beginning of the study, most probably due to the established standards and constant supervision of their teaching. Significant change was not observed in the final scores at the end of the workshop. In accordance with the interviews, two participants related improvement in performance for students who presented learning difficulties, as a result of using new teaching strategies based on a functional analysis of student performance. The limitations of the workshop are discussed, particularly in terms of its brief duration and the necessity for a longer period for teaching practice, to maximize the effects on teacher practice. The necessity for evaluation instruments which focus more directly on the skills targeted by the training were also discussed.
Avaliação da experiência do orçamento participativo numa cidade média: o caso de Jaboticabal - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Viglio, José Eduardo; Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
The strength of the county power since 1988 made possible a greater autonomy by the counties in local range. Parallely in some counties came out mechanism of institutional inovation which aim the common citizen to take part into the decisions around the municipal budget. These expiriences denominated Participatory Budget (PB) are developed nowadays in more than hundred brazilian counties. This assignment aimed to describe and interpretate the mainly characteristics from Participatory Budget developed in the county of Jaboticabal from 1999 2002; topics related to Coordination, the framework and dynamic of the Participatory instaces and the relation of this process to the municipal budget. This assignment also proposes to understand the factors related to the PB conclusion from 2003, based on variable explanation present on the literature. To fulfill the proposal of this assignment, surveys were made with the coordination rep and other members from the admnistrative area, collection and documentation analises. The results proved that the PB Coordination was directly tied to Admnistration and not to an organism associated to a Participatory process and despite of occupying a strategical position in the administration and develop several procedures, the coordination was not successful in inserting the PB in the core of Political Admnistration. Regarding the format and dynamic of the Participatory Instance, it was noticed a simplification comparing to others expiriences, leading to a reduction in numbers of Participatory Instances and Rep´s which made difficult the process function. In the county PB was deliberated a restrict part of the total investiment, uncharacterizing and illegitimating these instances as they were the chiefly decision making location. The use of variable present on the literature with explination capacity for the process performance, allowed a better comprehension over the PB conclusions from 2003
Exclusão com estímulos visuais e múltiplas relações de condicionalidade na linha de base.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Oshiro, Claudia Kami Bastos; Souza, Deisy das Graças de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
This study investigated responding by exclusion , which has been demonstrated as a robust behavioral process, consisting in the selection of an undefined comparison stimulus, when the sample is also an undefined stimulus (that is, both stimuli are new in the experimental setting), without any previous history that could establish the comparison as a discriminative stimulus for the selection response. Exclusion has been extensively replicated with an experimental preparation of conditional auditory-visual discriminations in which the participant learns to relate a single sample to a single comparison. Recent research has also demonstrated the occurrence of exclusion when participants learn to relate a single name to different pictures and many names to single picture. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether exclusion would occur with visual stimuli used both as sample and comparison stimuli, without a spoken word as a nodal stimulus. Three experiments were conducted using the same experimental arrangements used in previous studies, to establish the visualvisual conditional discriminations baseline for the exclusion probes: each sample related to many comparisons (Experiment I), many samples related to each comparison (Experiment II) and a combination of both arrangements (Experiment III). In each experiment, children aged 4 to 5 years were exposed to the following experimental sequence: 1) establishment of a baseline of conditional discriminations with visual stimuli; 2) exclusion probes; 3) teaching new baseline relations; 4) additional exclusion probes; 5) probes of equivalence class formation. All children learned the conditional discriminations and showed positive results on exclusion probes and equivalence probes. The regularity observed in the data supports the conclusion that responding by exclusion occurs under a baseline of conditional discriminations including only visual stimuli, both with one-to-one pairings and many-to-one (or one-to-many) pairings. These data confirm and extend previous findings and have important implications for the comprehension of relational learning, the emergence of new behavior and the symbolic function and its role in language acquisition.
Degradação da resistência à corrosão de aços inoxidáveis duplex, devido ao envelhecimento em baixas temperaturas por tempos prolongados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Moreno, João Roberto Sartori; Kuri, Sebastião Elias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6842072916153866
Although duplex stainless steels exhibit good performance in many severe corrosive environments, their corrosion resistance can be hampered by precipitation of chromium (Cr) rich phases during aging heat treatments. Microstructural changes and corrosion behavior in two alloys with high and low content of chromium were investigated. Duplex stainless steels samples were aged at low temperatures (300°C and 400°C) for 3000, 5000 and 7000 hours. The changes at the microstructure were followed during the annealing time using an optical microscopy and measurements of phase percentages. Nanohardness was used in order to identify the phase responsible for the increasing in the global hardness. Immersion tests in ferric chloride cloreto férrico (FeCl3.6H2O 10%) and surface analysis by XPS were conducted intending to quantify the depletion in the corrosion resistance and identify the oxides presented in the surface oxide layer. G phase precipitation and α phase due to spinodal decomposition was identified by transmission electron microscopy. It was detected that the micro-structural changes affect the global properties, remarkably the global hardness and the corrosion resistance. TEM results showed that the Cr rich precipitation occurs manly in the ferritic phase. Spinodal decomposition and heterogeneous precipitation of G phase were found to be responsible for degradations of the corrosion properties. The results also showed a difference between the kinetics of precipitation of the lower Cr content sample and the higher Cr sample. The phenomena of precipitation and coalescence of Cr rich phases must be related with the increasing and decreasing tendencies of hardness, respectively and, inversely, the decreasing and increasing tendency of the resistance to localized corrosion and corrosion rates, which were determined by two electrochemical techniques (Tafel extrapolation and polarization resistance methods) and were compared with the rates determined by weight-loss measurements.
Rotina para aplicação da tecnologia de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas SIG voltada à utilização em Sistemas de Defesa Civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-08-30) Zündt, Carlos Roberto Xavier; Röhm, Sergio Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
Brazilian cities concentrate 82% of population. Out of this total, 5% live in subnormal habitations and subhuman conditions. A common feature to this kind of habitation is the irregular occupation of both public and private areas, normally concentrated in valleys, slopes, hills, clandestine lots, among others, jeopardizing the environment and causing risks of life for the inhabitants themselves and others as well. Consequently this causes a decrease in the quality of the urban life and specially a burden to the Government as to the budget for basic amenities. This study analyses the specific application of the Sistemas de Informações Geográficas SIG technology, directed to the utilization in the Sistema de Defesa Civil, in order to offer a tool for planning that enhances the method of identification, monitoring and contingency of critical event situations, being applicable in several physical means and conditions in episodes of the Defesa Civil . On a parallel, practicable and applicable information can be obtained in the area of SIG operation, through a routine consultation.