Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2004-11-19"

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A fiscalização pública de obras particulares em Santos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-19)
Barbosa, Maria Valquíria de Souza
;
Fernandes, Ana Cristina de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3262670232283121
In today s urban cities we can observe the existence of various activities interacting, dividing or struggling for the same space. The co-existence of commercial, institutional, residential or leisure activities requires the presence of urban regulations which can guarantee the quality of urban space. Many times, urban laws do exist, but are not respected. Several times they are infringed, and with the frequent existence of amnesty laws, what was once illegitimate becomes legal. The existence of urban laws and regulations is not a guarantee of quality urban space. City council -- who should be responsible for enforcing and creating urban laws, business men, contractors, technicians and general population are all responsible for not abiding to the rules. For various different reasons, each sector tries to defend what is of their own interest, caring vary little for the greater good of the community. Public inspection in the private construction sector ends up being the most responsible for urban regulation breach, but the responsibility is of the entire community.
Preparação, caracterização físico-química e avaliação do comportamento térmico e mecânico de blendas de poli (tereftalato de etileno) (PET) e poli (éterimidia) (PEI), PET/PEI
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-19)
Barros, Adriana de Fátima
;
Ruvolo Filho, Adhemar Colla
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7511722134943618
The blends preparation and composites have been one of the techniques more used to make possible properties and to increase the time of useful life of polymers. PET is a polymeric semicrystalline that has a Tg in 75°C and Tm in 245°C. The low value of Tg of PET and its easiness in crystallizing a lot of times points negative not desired can be considered in a certain project. PEI is a polymeric one amorphous with a value of Tg quite loud 215°C. In the mixture of PET (virgin or recycled) with PEI a displacement was verified in Tg of PET, as well as the one of PEI suggesting polymeric miscibility of the two in the melted state and confirmed later on by the negative value of the parameter of certain Flory to thermal treatments. Since the fusion entalpia is proportional to the crystalline fraction, its correlation with the conformer Reason Trans, RT, was found linear and independent of the content of PEI, turning possible to the determination of the degree of cristalinidade of independent PET of which it goes the composition of to blend PET/PEI. From the results of mechanical resistance of the samples submitted to the aging under radiation UV, it was verified that, independent of the type of PET employee, of the time of radiation of the condition dry or after immersion in water, for stabilized blends or not, so much the specific deformation in the rupture, elastic module, the deformation, and calculated elastic energy, they show a continuous tendency of growth with increase of the content of PEI in the mixture. The effective protection of PEI was verified on PET starting from 25% in PEI of up to 200h of exhibition under UV for the dry samples and up to 100h for samples after immersion in water. After thermal cycle it was verified that, depending on the temperature of the test the composition becomes an important factor. The thermal treatment above 90°C in the presence of the blends with larger concentration than 25% in PEI eliminate the tensions frozen during the processing, in other words, physical aging without there is the crystallization of PET, consequently, a significant improvement was observed in the mechanical answer in terms of elastic energy until tenth cycle. The thermal cycle at 120°C and 140°C is committed for the physical aging of PET and crystallization after the first cycle. The results obtained for the blend with content of 25% in PEI, in fact, when compared to the samples of pure PET they evidence the significant gain in the value of the elastic energy, these results suggest the potentiality for a possible application of this blend in the production of pieces whose interest is to guarantee a good resistance to the impact.
Saberes docentes dos instrumentistas professores: diálogo entre ensinar e avaliar num curso de performance em instrumento musical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-22)
Carvalho, Isamara Alves
;
Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7634525753891601
The present research had as general objective knowing and discussing how professors of musical instruments, who teach children, report their teaching learning process according to two central axles: teaching and evaluating. In the first part we prioritize a theoretical explanation of the references and the methodology chosen for the development of this research. The first chapter presents some categories of teaching knowledgement starting with the references of TARDIF (2002) and MIZUKAMI (1996, 1999, 2001 and 2002), among others, show the authors who had endorsed our reflections on education and musical education focused in the teachlearning process and the democratization of the access, and on evaluation as learning aiding. We brought the concepts of diagnostic evaluation (LUCKESI, 1998)and armed loveliness (FREIRE, 1998, 1999, 2001a, 2001b and 2002, and LUCKESI, 1998). The second and last chapter of the first part describes the covered stages for the accomplishment of the present research. A qualitative research was chosen andwe carry through interviews in a half-structuralized characteristic, where ten professors of instrument had participated. Later, in the second part, we began the presentation and discussion (dialogue) of the results acquired in the interviews. It was possible to discuss different situations, dilemmas and reflections presented by the professors interviewed about the reality of the teach-learning process of the musical instrument lessons for children in a music school. The final dialogue shows some contributions of this research in the scope of the instrumentists teaching development and magnifying the academic production that focuses on the music schools professors.
Crédito para agricultura familiar: um estudo no município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-22)
Mundo Neto, Martin
;
Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
The Brazilian green revolution, started in the 60 s, was based on a pattern that favored large producers and those who could get integrated to rising agri-industrial complexes. In the middle of the 90 s, the creation of PRONAF (National Program for the Strengthening of Family Agriculture) aimed at supporting farmers who had frequently been excluded from agricultural policies, mainly subsidized credit. In spite of the creation of PRONAF and other similar programs, only a small part of family farmers have obtained benefits. Credit access is regarded as essential to family farmers success. Thus, the present work intends to comprehend the obstacles for family farmers to access credit, as well as the alternatives adopted by producers to finance their activities. Theoretical foundation was provided by New Institutional Economics and by studies on family agriculture and rural credit. Empirical data on family farmers in the municipality of Sao Carlos-SP were analyzed from three samples, comprising a total of 132 farmers. Moreover, agents related to rural credit (such as extension service personnel, bank managers, rural union representatives, cooperative members and private companies) were interviewed. Tested hypothesis were separated into two groups. The first is related to obstacles in accessing credit: bank requirements which are not easy to be accomplished by farmers; inappropriate payment conditions; farmers aversion to risks; asymmetry of information (farmers does not know credit options and credit agents does not know the target public); passive attitude by credit agents; and lack of technical assistance. The second group of hypothesis refers to alternatives adopted by farmers: use of complementary income sources, deriving from off-farm activities; and access to informal credit market. Only the hypothesis referring to inappropriate payment conditions was not confirmed. Besides confirming the other hypothesis, empirical data allowed for new findings, such as the incorrect view of family farmers which prevails among local operators of subsidized credit lines. Lack of information is one of the main constraints to credit access. Both farmers and farmers organizations do not know several operational aspects of special credits programs. Also, it was found that farmers suppliers were an important source of credit to family smallholders.
O PCB e o movimento nacionalista e democrático (Novos Rumos 1959-1961)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-23)
Aguena, Maurício Salgado
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254541403106427
Análise e avaliação dos modelos de padronização de dados e procedimentos eletrônicos para desenhos e projetos da construção civil: estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-24)
Frosch, Renato
;
Novaes, Celso Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
This present work intends to analyze and evaluate a set of proposals, in discussion, about the utilization feasibility of preceding pattern models (AsBEA proposal, AIA-CSI, ISO), related to the CADD technology development used in civil construction projects, emphasizing a graphical representation and the information transference. From the previous proposal, there were checked alterations caused on the elaboration routine of projects through a questionnaire application to active professionals on the elaboration, edition and review of electronic drawings and case study. (builder and projects office). Aiming verify the adaptation of a set of old rules (NBRs related to traditional technical drawing) to a new concept based on a system of standard computerized technical drawing, finally, this work intends to put up subsidies for a national technical rule/manual elaboration. Expecting that the development of this work can contribute to the deepen of projects related studies, specifically, on the organization feasibility aspects and nomenclature definition, and the graphical representation appreciation suited to electronic drawings.
As imagens multifacetadas da palavra: a literatura na escola.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-25)
Darolt, Carolina Amália Witzke
;
Gonsalves, Elisa Pereira
This research work is a Case Survey, accomplished in Escola Sarapiquá (Sarapiquá School), located in the city of Florianópolis, in Santa Catarina State. The school emerged from the concern of a group of parents about the education of their children. Interested in offering these children a different education from the one established in the city of Florianópolis, these parents launched the school works on December 1st , 1981, when the first assembly took place in the Health Sciences Center of the University of Santa Catarina State. The schoolassociation was officially established on February 10th, 1982 and became the Cultural Association Rising Sun (Associação Cultural Sol Nascente), and finally given the informal name of Escola Sarapiquá. The aim of the research was to give visibility to the cultural-scientific net of meanings, built by the literary within the school. This way, searching for a direct meeting with the subject, were used as a tool of research, the following: the analysis of documents of the school; the reading of works accomplished by students of the 5th grade of elementary education; observation of the school´s routine, and the achievement of interviews with teachers and students. The data built together with the subjects of the research were analyzed, starting from the indicative paradigm of Ginzburg, the listening of deaf clues, the attention to the unsaid, raised through sense of smell and intuition; Maturana and Varela and the work with reason and emotion; Morin, through the order/disorder concept and the work with uncertainties, among others. The results show that literature takes a place of distinction within the school´s routine which transcends the Portuguese Language classes. The literature language is part of many moments of the school and involves different people, taking shape as a non-disciplinary knowledge.
As atividades de coordenação e a gestão do conhecimento nos projetos de edificações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-26)
Silva, Maria Vitória Marim Ferraz Pinto da
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Novaes, Celso Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
This work presents a study about the coordination of building designs and knowledge management. In the coordination activities, the focus is on the coordination management, related to the planning and to the administration of design process, and on the technical coordination, regarding the integration and the design development, all of them being promoted through the coordination meetings, the compatibilization and the critical analysis. The building design coordination has as its attribution to reconcile and to integrate the knowledge of several specialties. The work introduces the application of the knowledge management into the building design and discusses the knowledge and competences needed for the coordination activities and development of the building design. The knowledge management is fundamental to reorganize the processes of generating, registering, diffusing and usage of the organizational knowledge. Moreover, the information systems and the computing resources have also been studied in this work as instruments of this management. To base adequately the theme of the dissertation, case studies were accomplished in two big construction and real estate development companies and in three building design offices. The case studies in the five companies made it possible to characterize the practices adopted for the design coordination, according to the alternatives used for its accomplishment (internal or external work or outsorced, besides the consultancy in coordination). A case study on knowledge management was also conducted in one of the major companies researched, aiming at studying its applicability in the building construction. The introduction of the concepts of knowledge management in the culture and in the organizational strategy of the company, as well as its reflex in the building design are presented. In agreement to this approach, by introducing the discussion about knowledge management, this work contributes to the process of development of designs and to its coordination, enabling the accomplishment of designs with better level of quality and constructability, to agree with the demands of the modern projects.
Expressão heteróloga, purificação e estudo de atividade de uma proteína inibidora de cisteínio protease da cana-de-açúcar e posterior evolução in vitro pela técnica de DNA Shuffling
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-26)
Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
;
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
Plants seem to have developed, over a long period of time, defence mechanisms against fungi and insects. One of them is the use of protease inhibitor proteins. Cystatins are proteins that inhibit specifically cysteine proteases. They occur naturally in several vegetable species and it is believed that they work in the defence mechanism from plants against some pathogens. The Canecystatin gene which codifies a protein containing 106 amino acids residues, was identified in sugarcane and bears significant similarity with oryzacystatin, a cystatin from rice. The recombinant protein was expressed in E.coli in the soluble form, which promoted its direct purification by affinity chromatography in nickel column. The purified protein was analysed by Circular Dichroism (CD) and displayed estimated secundary structure similar to oryzacystatin I. Besides that, the protein was submitted to crystallization assay, and it was possible to form protein crystal, which will enable future studies by X-Ray Crystallography. Canecystatin, was used successfully in growth inhibition tests against the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. The protein minimum inhibitory dose were about 50 µg/ml. The recombinant canecystatin was also able to inhibit plant pathogenic fungi including Colletotrichum sp P25, Colletotrichum sp P28, Colletotrichum sp P10, Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger. The most efficient inhibition was obtained against Colletotrichum sp P10 (32.25µg/ml). In order to obtain cystatin with improved activity direct evolution tests were carried out. A shuffling library was constructed using two diferent cystatins, i.e Canecystatin and Oryzacystatin I. One clone formed by this proteins was selected. This clone was expressed, purified and subjected to activity tests, and the results shown that the activity of mutant protein increased, in particular regarding its inhibit activity of Cathepsin B. Our findings open perspectives of using this protein as a natural fungicide and of developing more resistant varieties of sugarcane .
Estudo do efeito da Alternagina-C, uma desintegrina do veneno de Bothrops alternatus,sobre a adesão de células normais e tumorais. Avaliação do seu potencial como agente anti-metastático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-26)
Terruggi, Cristina Helena Bruno
;
Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
The α2β1 integrin is a major collagen receptor that plays an essential role in the normal and tumor cells adhesion to the extracellular matrix, as well as in the metastasis. Antagonists of integrins have been developed in order to provide powerful therapeutic approaches for the several types of cancer and metastasis treatment. A metalloproteinase/disintegrin was isolated, which is a specific inhibitor of the collagen type I binding to α2β1 integrin. This 55-kDa protein (Alternagin) and its disintegrin-like 30-kDa domain Alternagin-C (ALT-C) were isolated from the Bothrops alternatus a brazilian snake - venom. This disintegrin-like domain has an additional cysteine-rich domain, which is not found in RGD-disintegrins, and the RGD motif is replaced by an ECD sequence. So, the purposes of the project were (1) Evaluate the effect of ALT-C on tumor and non-tumor cell adhesion, proliferation and migration, (2) To study the effects of ECD-motif derived peptides on tumor and non-tumor cell adhesion. ALT-C inhibited the adhesion of NITH3T3, human bladder ECV-304, human cervix HeLa and breast MDA-MB-231cells to collagen type I (IC50 of 2.2, 1.66, 1.38 and 0,95µM respectively). Besides, when immobilized on plate wells, ALT-C supported the adhesion of these cell lines. ALTC did not detach cells which were previously bound to collagen type I. In the presence of collagen type I, ALT-C stimulates the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells and in greater concentrations it inhibits migration. ALT-C does not inhibit the adhesion and the migration of estrogen dependent MCF-7 cells. ALT-C also induces significant HUVEC proliferation in vivo, by up-regulating VEGF expression in human fibroblasts and endothelial cells. ALT-C also strongly activates Akt/PKB phosphorylation, a signaling event involved in endothelial survival and angiogenesis. In addition, related to the up-regulation of the VEGF´s expression, ALT-C up-regulates other growth factors expression involved in cell proliferation, such as IL-11, TGFβ, and EGR2 and 3, which are probably also involved on its positive effect on HUVEC proliferation. These biological activities of ALT-C can be useful in anti-cancer therapy experimental studies.
Estudo do processo de produção de ácido clavulânico por Streptomyces clavuligerus em cultivos contínuos com alta concentração celular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-29)
Baptista Neto, Álvaro de
;
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
;
Hokka, Carlos Osamu
The use of β-lactamase inhibitor in conjunction with β-lactam antibiotics was proposed to improve the efficiency of these antibiotics. The clavulanic acid is an important inhibitor of β-lactamase due its ability to inhibit several classes of β-lactamases. The clavulanic acid is a product from the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces clavuligerus and its production rate is higher after the fast growing phase. Higher productivities can be achieved in cultivations with high cell density. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the continuous clavulanic acid production process with high cell density, possible with the recycle of cells. Initially, experiments to determine the proper pH and medium compositions to improve clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus were performed. Experiments to examine the effect of inhibition and/or repression by glycerol were also carried out. Continuous culture without cell recycling was performed to develop a kinetic model, including parameter determination, to simulate the process of clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Classic models failed to describe the process and a kinetic model which takes into account the simultaneous consumption of glycerol and nitrogen source, as energy sources, was proposed. To obtain high cell density, continuous cultivation with cell recycling was carried out. Among the methods examine to concentrate the cell mass, microfiltration was chosen because it is easily operated and allows the obtention of a limpid broth, as it is able to separate the totality of the cells from cultivation broth. This process eliminates the separation of cells in downstream processes. Concerning the problems such as oxygen transfer limitation and increase in the viscosity of culture broth, it has been observed that it does not hinder the applicability of continuous culture with cell recycling. The present work shows that continuous culture with cell recycling maximizes the productivity, suggesting its utilization for clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus.
Sistemática para auxiliar as pequenas empresas industriais da cidade de São Carlos na identificação e análise dos impactos ambientais gerados durante o processo produtivo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-30)
Zambrano, Tatiane Fernandes
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The aim of this study is to propose a method to help the small enterprises in the city of São Carlos to identify and analyze the environmental impact caused during their production processes. Six case studies were done in small enterprises of metal, textile, food, plastic, diagnosis kits sectors and in a marble and granite supplier. It was possible to conclude that: a) The method to identify and analyze environmental impact consists in a set of actions that the small enterprises can adopt to start to understand the environmental damage that their process or the incorrect discharge of their solid and liquid rejects will cause. b) With respect to case studies, it wasn t observed any environmental concern from the enterprises. The actions that these enterprises took to minimize the environmental impact of their process were motivated by: the concern to meet the requirements of inspection and financial return. c) The studies enterprises don t believe that the environmental system is important to their survival and the main difficult for these enterprises to adapt, environmentally speaking, is financial. In addition, the implementation of a system is not part of their strategy.
Hidrólise controlada de proteínas de soro lático usando tripsina e quimotripsina imobilizadas em diferentes suportes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-11-30)
Galvão, Célia Maria Araújo
;
Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
This work is part of a global project whose aim is the production of a cheese whey proteins hydrolysate with controlled composition. The process is composed by sequential hydrolysis of the whey proteins using trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxipeptidase A (CPA). The phenylalanine (Phe) and the other aromatic amino acids released after action of CPA may be removed from the product, providing an adequate source of proteins for phenylketonurics patients and a final product with more pleasant flavor. After its separation, a final step of hydrolysis using the non-specific protease AlcalaseÒ produces a mixture of small peptides with better properties than a mixture of free amino acids. However, the use of enzymes in industrial processes requests its immobilization and stabilization. We have studied in this work the first two hydrolysis stages aiming to reach the following general objectives: to prepare derivatives of trypsin (on sepabeads, chitosan and agarose) and chymotrypsin (just on agarose), to study the sequential hydrolysis of the cheese whey proteins with trypsin and chymotrypsin immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose gel and to investigate the kinetic of the hydrolysis of these proteins with immobilized chymotrypsin. Trypsin-sepabeads derivatives were prepared on resins modified with iminodiacetic acid (IDA) or modified with IDA and copper. Yield of immobilization of approximately 100% and complete recovery of the enzyme on supports were obtained. Factors of stabilization in relation to the soluble enzyme from 90 times (Sepabeads- IDA-Cu2+) to 138 times (Sepabeads-IDA), at 55ºC, were reached and the trypsin- (Sepabeads-IDA) derivative showed to be more efficient in the casein hydrolysis than the trypsin-glyoxyl-agarose one. Trypsin-chitosan derivatives were prepared on coagulated matrices in NaOH solution (0.1 or 1N) and activated with glutaraldehyde (pH 7 or 10) or glycydol. Chitosan derivatives whose matrices were activated with glutaraldehyde reached 100% of yield of immobilization, while the ones activated with glycydol reached just 60%. In all the studied cases it was possible to recover completelly the enzyme on supports until the enzymatic load of 20mgEnz./gGel. Derivatives prepared on coagulated matrices in NaOH 0.1 or 1N and activated at pH 7 resulted in 100% of yield of immobilization and complete recovery of the enzyme on gel until the enzymatic load of 40mgEnz./gGel. At 40ºC, the glutaraldehyde-chitosan derivatives were approximately 460 times more stable than the soluble enzyme; at 70ºC, the glyoxyl-chitosan derivative showed to be approximately 13 times more stable than the glutaraldehyde-chitosan derivative. The trypsin-chitosan derivatives presented the highest hydrolysis activity at 50ºC and pH 9 (40ºC and pH 9 for the soluble enzyme). The best trypsin-chitosan derivative (coagulated in NaOH 0.1M and activated at pH 7) showed similar performance to the soluble enzyme in the hydrolysis of the cheese whey proteins (hydrolysis degree (DH) of 12%). Trypsin and chymotrypsin derivatives immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose gel were prepared following a protocol available in the literature (agarose activated with glycydol and oxidized with NaIO4 to obtain 75µmoles of aldehyde/mL of gel, at 25oC and pH 10.05). The factors of stabilization obtained for trypsin (3920 times) and chymotrypsin (14535 times) are according with results already published and were confirmed through acid hydrolysis of the soluble enzymes and stabilized derivatives. These experiments showed that 64.76% and 72.15% of the lysines present in the trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively, were involved in the enzyme-support attachment. In consequence of this stabilization, the derivatives showed maximum hydrolysis activity of synthetic substrates in temperatures and pH higher than the obtained for the soluble enzymes (trypsin - 85ºC and pH 11; chymotrypsin - 70ºC and pH 10.5). Hydrolysis of the cheese whey proteins assays using trypsin were developed varing the DH from 0 to 12%. After that, the obtained mixtures were hydrolysates with chymotrypsin and carboxipeptidase A, sequentially, using long times and high enzymes concentrations. The results showed that removal of Phe of approximately 100% was obtained in the following conditions: DHtrypsin of 0%, DHchymotrypsin of 12.4% (3.05mgEnz./mL of solution - 10 hours) and 10 hours of reaction with CPA (200UHPHE/ gProtein), producing 15.5% of peptides with molecular mass (MM) lower than 1046Da. The kinetic of the hydrolysis of the whey proteins was studied and the apparent kinetic parameters of the Michaelis-Menten model taking into account competitive inhibition by the substrate ( app max V , app m K and app S K ) were calculated by initial rates method using a derivative with high enzymatic load - 40mgEnz./gGel. In this work, the substrate concentration was defined in terms of peptides bonds that could be cleaved by chymotrypsin. The effectiveness factor found for reactions developed in presence of difusional effects was 0.78. The long-term assays (10 hours) were perfectly fitted by a model where the first five minutes were described by the first order kinetic (V=kN) and times higher than five minutes were represented by a function of P/No (V=f(P/No)).
Ideologia e política: a relação entre Estado e movimento social negro.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-01)
Ubiali, Miliana Passarelli
;
Silvério, Valter Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5269129449053067
The ideological constructions established through the analysis of the intellectual attitude in politically decisive years for the racial issues in Brazil, and the legal-political constructions that, in this research, were based on the decisions formed in legislation, decrees, and protocols that take care of racial issues between 1995 and 2002 (referring to Fernando Henrique Cardoso s two warrants) relate the relationship between the Brazilian State and the Social Black Stroke. The topics of this negotiation in this research contemplate the main changes in the characteristics of new social strokes and in a new way of administrating the Brazilian State, in a managerial character, that allows the development and limits of this relationship to be established.
Modelo de sistema de gestão da qualidade para propriedades rurais leiteiras.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-02)
Lima, Luciano Silva
;
Toledo, José Carlos de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
The agents of Brazilian dairy production chain work with critical rates of losses, starting from the dairy rural company that, several times, supply raw material characterized by low quality. This low quality may be justified by problems with planning, execution and control of daily activities in the farm. In this context, the present dissertation proposes a reference model of Quality Management System (QMS) for dairy farms. The model´s aim is establish the quality management requirements and the principles needed to assure the quality and security of milk, as well as needed to the continuous improvement of the process activities. The model contents two modules: Basis Module is shaped by a set of principles and conditions that orient all the system, while Requirements Module is shaped by a set of requirements that execute and manage the system in the practice based on data and facts generating decisions and plans in the daily of dairy farm. Farther on showing the modules details, this work presents a proposal of the QMS documentation structure and also a set of suggestions to the model implementation in the dairy farms. With its implementation, the model may minimize costs with losses and reworks, and generate higher satisfaction to the farm´s customers (industrial establishments) and final consumers of chain. According to the assessment realized with a sample of the target public (farmers and rural extension agents), the model accomplishes its purpose. Although its language had been evaluated as a weakness, the QMS was considered an important mean to the Brazilian dairy farmers get a professional status.
Diretrizes para elaboração de medidas de prevenção contra quedas de altura em edificações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-02)
Martins, Miriam Silvério
;
Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
Concepts, evolution and the importance of safety engineering are presented in this dissertation. The aspects that should be approached in the elaboration of the Conditions and Labor Environment Program for the Construction Industry are also considered, particularly the ones for activities that make falls from height possible. The difficulties of implementation of the program are analyzed, considering the characteristics of the Building Industry. Moreover, a case study carried out in the city of Londrina-PR is presented in order to find out the preventive measures against falls from height by building companies. Standards are presented for aid and parameters of safety design for collective protective equipment which approaches protection types, dimensions for calculations. Preventive measures against falls from height and forms of prevention are also presented. They consist basically in knowing the system and the construction process to be adopted by the company; evaluation of the risky and ergonomic situations in the activities of production in building plot; elaboration of collective preventive systems for the several production phases as well as the postoccupation phase; work training; specification of personal protective equipment for the production phases; documentation and evaluation of the safety system.
Aspectos clínicos e funcionais em trabalhadores ativos com e sem sintomas ou evidências de DORT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-02)
Walsh, Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de
;
Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are diseases that result in persistent pain, loss of functional capacity and associated work disability. This diagnostic is important because it is used to guide clinical and legal decisions. Their initial diagnosis is difficult because such diagnoses are based on complaints of pain and they often involve conflicting social and economic interests. Because of the complexity of such diagnoses, further studies are needed in order to analyze the association between subjective descriptions and objective findings. Therefore was made two research. The objective of the first research was to evaluate the impact of personal, clinical and occupational aspects on work ability of workers with and without WRMDs using an approved version of the Work Ability Index (WAI) and pain scale. This evaluated 127 workers of industrial production lines. A descriptive analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test and it was also performed a logistic regression analysis. A significant association was identified between the WAI and all personal, clinical and occupational aspects. Regression analysis showed that pain and sick leave together accounted for 59% of poor work ability. The objective of the second research was to evaluate the clinical and functional aspects of WRMDs, in relation to physical evaluation, perception of pain, self-reporting of symptoms and functional ability, among active workers at a single company with and without symptoms or evidence of this disorders. 134 female workers were physically evaluated by two trained physiotherapists. They filled out a questionnaire on discomfort due to pain, a pain scale, the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and the Work Ability Index (WAI). The results were correlated and logistic regressions were run. According to the results symptom reports were explained by the results from the pain scale and the clinical findings and clinical findings by symptom reports and WAI. In two research the relationship between pain, symptom reports and clinical findings demonstrates that the patient s current state can be assessed not only by means of objective examinations, but also by means of instruments that take into account the patient s perception of his or her state.
Aspectos numéricos, morfológicos e mofométricos das comunidades bacterianas em diferentes escalas trófica e temporal, em reservatórios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-03)
Racy, Fernando Paulo Pereira
;
Godinho, Mirna Januária Leal
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4446317622651166
The morphology and size of bacterial cells taken from three reservoirs in different trophic state (Barra Bonita eutrophic, Broa mesotrophic and Lagoa Dourada - oligotrophic), were analysed through images acquired by epifluorescence microscopy (with DAPI fluorescent stain). In these water-bodies, the relative frequencies were calculated for each bacterial morphotype (coccus, coccobacillus, bacillus, vibrio, filament and spirillum) and biovolume. The relative frequencies of biovolumes and morphotypes were converted into indexes of size diversity (SDI) and morphological diversity (MDI) using the Shannon Index for calculations, and population densities (D) were also estimated. These values were compared with the mean trophic state index (mTSI) calculated for each environment. Among the physical and chemical variables, total phosphorus discriminated most clearly between different trophic states during the studied period, while among biological variables, bacterial population density was the most significant indicator of the trophic state of the environments. The MDI proved to be significantly different between the eutrophic and oligotrophic environments, as well as between the mesotrophic and oligotrophic reservoirs, but not consistently so between the eutrophic and mesotrophic, possibly because of the similarity of the trophic state in the last two. The SDI was found to differentiate significantly between the eutrophic and oligotrophic environments, but not between either of these and the mesotrophic. In the oligotrophic environment there was an extremely significant negative linear correlation (r = - 0.9735, p = 0.001) between mTSI and MDI; this correlation was especially significant with chlorophyll concentration (Chla) but not significant with the other components of the mTSI.
Proposição de um modelo de referência para gestão da qualidade na cadeia de produção de leite e de derivados.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-06)
Scalco, Andréa Rossi
;
Toledo, José Carlos de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
The competitivity and the survival of Brazilian dairy, and consequently the dairy production chain, are conditioned to an improvement of products quality and to competitive production costs. The costumer health can be put in risk due to consumption of products in which the quality characteristics are altered, leading the costumer to not purchase the product again, injuring the company image and its survival. The costs, wastes and flaws are above the acceptable standards.According to the diagnosis made by SCALCO (1999), it was observed that there are significant flaws in the quality management system in the major part of dairy industries studied, compromising the final product quality and generating losses in the production process. Some examples of these flaws are: no preventive technical support for the milk suppliers, strong dependence from the inspection and control of the raw material and the final product, use of labor force not well qualified and distribution control process without quality control. The found flaws are not limited just to the industrial segment; they can be felt all over the production of the milk chain and similar product. Due to the fact of the perishable characteristic of these products, the condition of hygiene and refrigeration should be kept trough the chain. By this, it is justified the elaboration of a model to manage the quality trough this chain; considering its specifications in the search for an effective instrument in the quality coordination. The model essentially consists in a system to coordinate information; identification of the problems and elaboration of improvement plans managed by a coordinating agent. The elaboration of the model is established on bibliographical revision about system and techniques of quality management; agro food chain coordination; field research for the acquaintance of the problems and practices of management and coordination of the quality all over the segment of the milk chain and similar; secondary data about the sector and its quality management. The work presents an illustration of the model, as well as an evaluation of it by the sector specialists. This evaluation has shown that this model can be considered original, clear, adequate to the dairy production chain reality, adaptable to its particularities, it contains necessary elements to coordinate the quality and contribute for the improvement and preservation of the product quality, also reducing costs and losses in its part of the production chain.
A construção da qualificação: um estudo de caso na industria da linha branca.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-12-06)
Martínez, Mariângela
;
Rachid, Alessandra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902
THE QUALIFICATION CONSTRUCTION: A CASE STUDY IN THE INDUSTRY OF WHITE GOODS seeks to evaluate how the productive restructuring alters the worker's profile in the white goods industry and the perception workers have about it. The restructuring process for which the white goods industry is passing in the last twenty years makes it an object of interest for investigation. With the crisis of theirs original markets, great companies of foreign capital felt the need to reach new markets, mainly in the emerging countries as Latin America, the European East and the Asian Southeast. In Brazil, objective of the expansion of the multinationals, the process of patrimonial rearrange it was characterized by the incorporation of national companies by great foreign groups. The entrance of those multinationals in the Brazilian market intensified the process of productive restructuring refering to production organization, work organizations, changes in job conditions and in qualification demands. Managers and workers of a factory producing cookers were interviewed with the objective of apprehending theirs perception about the changes that took place after a multinational acquired the company. It is analyzed its restructuring process and its main implications for the worker's profile, emphasizing the role of RSI (repetitive strain injury).