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A diversidade de mecanismos de governança na multiplicação de sementes de milho híbrido e soja no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-02-22) Feltre, Cristiane; Azevedo, Paulo Furquim de
The coexistence of different mechanisms of governance for similar transactions is a major feature of the seed sector, particularly in the branches of soybeans and hybrid corn. Also, the procurement of different inputs is governed by similar governance structures. Both seed sectors are characterized by high investments in research and development and are subjected to several hazards and uncertainty. One of the main determinants of competitiveness in this industry is the quality of the inputs that will be launched in the market. As a consequence, the activities of research, development and reproduction of seeds are crucial in the competition, requiring need high level of control. In spite of this, the firms that develop high technology seeds present different arrangements in the organization of the production of inputs. The reproduction of seeds requires some mechanisms in order to fully appropriate of the benefits of innovation. This fact constitutes an important determinant of choice for these different arrangements. This dissertation aims to analyze the determinants of the boundaries of the firms, and how the selected governance structures interact with the firm s strategies. This dissertation also aims to explore the different appropriability mechanisms that are available to this sector, in each of its main segments hybrid and varieties. The dissertation uses Transaction Cost Economics, and Dynamic Capabilities as its main theoretical background. Also, the governance inseparability concept gave support to the questions associated to contractual relations. The empirical research, focused on large firms that undertake R&D activities, concludes the factors that influence in the decisions about the reproduction of seeds are related to transaction cost reasoning, but to dynamic capabilities and governance inseparability arguments as well.
Concepção de um sistema de inteligência competitiva para uma organização do setor de insumos e bens de produção do complexo agroindustrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-02-22) Silva, Alexandre Rodrigues da; Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
The competitive and globalized status in which are the main sectors of economy, justify the importance of a system of competitive intelligence. In essence, it aims to contribute for the organization at least in two aspects: the decision-making and the strategy elaboration. The importance of a competitive intelligence system is more evident in economic sectors that look for more efficiency, as, for example, those linked to the agribusiness, which participation in the Brazilian GPD (Gross Domestic Product) reaches at one third of this macroeconomic index. Thereby, the execution of this research work was proposed and its objective was the conception of a system of competitive intelligence for an organization of the sector of raw materials and production goods from the agribusiness complex. Aiming this objective, the research was developed in two bases. The first one was the bibliographical revision, about the competitive intelligence. In this revision was studied several models of competitive intelligence, their components and some forms of implantation. The second base of the research was the research-action method that had guided the conception of the adapted system for the organization studied. With the confirmation of the suggested hypothesis, and by reaching the aimed result, it was successfully conceived a adapted system of competitive intelligence for an organization of the sector of raw materials and production goods from the agribusiness complex. The conceived system had gathered some hybrid elements from several authors. This had allowed the definition of structural elements and also the establishment of foundations and implementation steps of the system.
A interface família-escola na inclusão de crianças com necessidades educacionais especiais: uma perspectiva ecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-02-22) Pamplin, Renata Christian de Oliveira; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
This study was based on the assumption that the presence of resources in the home environment in addition to special educational practices can either favor or damage the socialization and learning of children with Special Educational Needs (SEN). The aim was to identify the resources and needs in the home context of children with SEN and verify the relationship of such aspects to the proposals for inclusion from conventional schools of a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Sixty-one caregivers of children with SEN (33 with handicap and 28 with failure at school) and a secretary of the Municipal Department of Education participated in the study. A documentary analysis, a semi-structured interview with the secretary, and two questionnaires Inventory of Home Environment Resources (HER) and Questionnaire about Family Needs (QFN) were the instruments used for collecting data, supplying the study with quantitative and qualitative information. The documentary analysis was important since it assisted in finding possible participants. The interview was analyzed according to preestablished categories. The questionnaires were statistically analyzed with the aim of verifying possible significant differences between the two groups of children, as well as the relative frequency of the resources and needs investigated. After examining the results of each instrument, the triangulation among them was calculated so that the theoretical premises originated from the bioecological perspective on human development enabled a systematic reading of the situation studied. The results indicated that political actions on the macrosystem has strongly influenced those situations lived in both microsystem and mesosystem, inasmuch as such actions can either make concessions on certain resources or determine the children s hours and interactions with their family. Differences in quantity of resources offered by the school were verified between children with handicap and children with school failure. The caregivers of both groups were shown to feel the need for information about the children s characteristics, and also about the supports and services of the community. In addition, it was verified the need for financial support to those families whose children present school failure. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that, even though the current municipality s proposal for Special Education aims at parental participation, it does not have, in practice, enough mechanisms and strategies for promoting family involvement, and so it has to review its offer of resources for children with SEN.
Consistência do Roteiro para Avaliação de Riscos Músculo-Esqueléticos (RARME) em relação a avaliações de desconforto, esforço, afastamento do trabalho e análise ergonômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-02-22) Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8631547579695270
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) constitutes a group of disturbs, with multifactorial origin, mainly promoted by workplace factors (physical, organizational and psychosocial). WMSDs cause high human, social and economic costs, which justifies effort to determine more efficient prevention strategies. However, for an effective prevention is necessary to establish the main risk factors, and create or aprimorate assessment tools. It was proposed a new tool for risk assessment Checklist for musculoskeletal risk assessment (RARME). The objective of this study was to evaluate the consistency of this checklist in relation to other physical load indicators: discomfort and exertion ratings, sick leave and Ergonomic Workplace Analysis. Thirty-one subjects took part in this study. They performed fifteen different tasks involving repetitive motion pattern and manual material handling. Checklist was applied by direct observation in the workplace. No relation between the results from checklist and the other physical load indicators was identified. Several factors might have contributed to the lack of consistency between indicators. Exposure variability, cognitive overload of the observer, bias in observation methods, and instruments for risk measurement are important factors to be considered when analyzing the present results. Thus, although it was not possible to check the protocol validity, relevant methodological aspects when using theses types of checklists were discussed. Besides this, an improved version of RARME protocol is presented.
O impacto do turno de trabalho do pai no desempenho acadêmico e no autoconceito de crianças escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-02-22) Cia, Fabiana; Barham, Elizabeth Joan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
Studies show that the quality of father-child interactions is a factor that has a direct influence on child development, including the formation of the children s self-concept and their academic performance. In addition to the father wanting to be involved, however, he also needs to have time and energy to invest in this relationship. Given the heavy demands associated with paid employment (long hours, night shifts, etc.), we hypothesized that the fathers involvement with their children would be influenced by some of their work conditions. Thus, the aims of this study were: a) identify differences that exist between night and dayshifts, with respect to the fathers work conditions, personal wellbeing and family involvement; b) compare fathers who work in these two shifts with respect to the frequency of their participation in their children s daily and academic activities; c) identify work conditions, personal and family factors that influence the frequency of the fathers involvement with their children; d) compare day and nightshift workers children with respect to the frequency of their communication with their fathers, their self-concept and their academic performance; e) examine the correlations that exist between the fathers work conditions, personal and family factors, and the involvement of the fathers with their children, on the one hand, and their children s self-concept and academic performance, on the other hand. The study participants included 58 children in the fifth and sixth grades and their fathers (36 in dayshift jobs and 22 working nightshifts). The fathers completed a questionnaire, Evaluation of work conditions and of parent-child involvement Father´s version . Their children also evaluated the quality of their relationship with their fathers, completing a questionnaire, Evaluating father-child involvement . The Selfdescription questionnaire 1 and the School Performance Test were used o investigate relations between the type and level of the fathers involvement, with their children s self-concept and academic performance. The results show that work conditions and personal and family factors did not differ as a function of the fathers work shift. However, fathers who worked nightshifts indicated that they had less frequent contact with their children, considering the measures used in this study (fatherchild communication; father involvement in childcare; fathers participation in their children s school, cultural and leisure activities; and time that the fathers spend, engaged in activities with their children. In addition, work conditions (interpersonal work environment, work satisfaction and work performance problems) and personal factors (satisfaction with the availability of time for personal activities, and stress) were correlated with the father s sense of adequacy in his family role performance, which, in turn, was positively correlated with the measures used to evaluate the frequency of father-child involvement. The children s reports of the frequency of communication with their fathers and the children s academic performance did not differ as a function of the shift their fathers worked. However, compared to children whose fathers worked dayshifts, the children whose fathers worked nightshifts had a significantly lower academic self-concept. The measures used to evaluate the frequency of the fathers involvement with their children were positively correlated with their children s selfconcept and academic performance. Thus, the lower levels of academic self-concept among children whose father worked the nightshift can be attributed to the less frequent father-child interactions in this group. These results indicate the importance of the father s involvement for the formation of a child s self-concept and their children s academic performance and point to the need for educational interventions directed at fathers, so that they can learn about the many actions that can improve their performance as fathers.