Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2005-09-19"

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Avaliação de um programa informatizado de reconhecimento de fala em indivíduos com deficiência mental e com problemas de linguagem.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-19)
Carrer, Henildes José
;
Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
The general aim of this study was the evaluation of the speech-recognition technology together with the MESTRE software, in order to check their viability to educational objectives. 110 individuals participated of this study, divided in four groups: G1, constituted by 10 university students; G2, constituted by 60 children presenting normal development: 20 children from 4 years to 4 years and 11 months; 20 children from 5 years to 6 years and 11 months and 20 children from 7 to 7 years and 11 months; G3, constituted by 20 individuals with diagnosis of mental deficiency, from 7 to 14 year old, and G4, constituted by 20 individuals from 7 to 11 year old with diagnosis of phonologic disturbs. The experimental stimuli were presented through the software MESTRE, constituted by two sets, A and B. The A set formed by 51 words of the Portuguese language and the B set was formed by 51 pictures related to the words of the A set. The tested relations were: spoken word - oral production (AE relations); picture oral production (BE relations). The results were statistically analyzed. The average of right answers of the AE relation tasks was compared to the BE relation of the same group of stimuli and the differences were considered non-significant. In the analysis by groups of individuals, the average of right answers in each tested relation was: in G1, in the AE relation, 90,51% and in BE relation, 90,49%; in G2, from 4 years to 4 years and 11 months, the average was 55,4% in AE relation and 52,4% in BE relation; from 5 years to 6 years and 11 months it was 67,18% in AE relation and 68,76% in BE relation; from 7 to 7 years and 11 months it was 77,61% in AE relation and 76% in BE relation; in G3, 61,99% in AE relation and 59,74% in BE relation; in G4, 49,66% in AE relation and 49,55% in BE relation. The results showed that the procedure is effective for speech recognition in adults, to children it may be effective considering the age, because the older the children are the largest the recognition rate. The procedure can become a great instrument of aid to educators in the work with individuals presenting special educational needs concerned to language problems, in the initial grades of schooling.
Avaliação diferencial de fatores fisiológicos e cinéticos em cultivos de linhagens de células selvagem e recombinante de Drosophila melanogaster S2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-19)
Silva, Clóvis Sacardo da
;
Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
In the last 10 years the insect cell Drosophila melanogaster Schneider S2 has been increasingly used for studies of proteins recombinants. However, there is a lack of studies that involved parameters related to the use of the insect cell Drosophila melanogaster in bioprocess. The aim of this work was to study the factors physiologies important in the cultures of the insect cells Drosophila melanogaster S2 (S2) and recombinant S2 (rS2), through cultures in Schott flask, serum free medium at 28°C. There were performed experiments with the purpose of monitoring the viability cellular of insect cells by the methods of exclusion of Trypan blue and of fluorescent dyes. Both methods used in the experiments to monitor the viability of the cultures of the cells S2 and rS2 were shown reliable for the identification of the percentage of viable cells. The studies revealed that growth of S2 and rS2 cells was not limited by the total consumption of amino acids and glucose. In the experiments utilizing the rS2 cells to verify the influence of the age of the inoculum and concentration of the inoculum, it was verified that both parameters did not have influence in the growth specific rate. Experiments done in Schott flask of 250 mL with a working of 50 mL, in which were monitored the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the broths of cultivation of the cells S2 and rS2. The results demonstrated that the cultivation reaches the stationary phase with very low level of dissolved oxygen, whit DO being a limiting factor of the growth of the cells. The specific oxygen consumption rate (QO2) demonstrates an accentuated decrease in the exponential phase of growth, except for stationary phase. The excess of oxygen in the initial phase of the cultivation was harmful to the growth of the cells. However, in the experiments done in Schott flask 100 mL with a working volume of 20 mL, QO2 of the cells rS2, revealed 10 to 15 times smaller than these performed in the Schott flask of 250 mL. The experiments done in Schott flask of 100 mL with different agitations demonstrated that for low agitation the transfer of oxygen should be a limiting factor in the cellular growth. The cellular viability for all of the experiments performed in different agitations stayed between 95 and 99% of viable cells indicating that the cells were in good physiologic state.
Alcoolismo, doença e pessoa: uma etnografia da associação de ex-bebedores Alcoólicos Anônimos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-20)
Campos, Edemilson Antunes de
;
Cardoso, Marina Denise
The major aim of this thesis is to introduce a reflection of the therapeutic model built by the Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) fellowship to care for the so-called alcoholism disease and to relate this model to the construction of the notion of the person as it appears in this model, since it is related to the construction of the identity of an alcoholic in recovery . Based on an ethnographic research carried out in the Sapopemba A.A. group located in the outskirts of the city of São Paulo, we attempt to analyze the problem of alcoholism from an emic perspective, i.e., as it is thought of and managed by those who acknowledge themselves as alcoholics . In this way we try to articulate the representations built on alcohol and alcoholism by re-constructing the notion of alcoholic person, in order to set contrasts with the ideological field of modern individualism. The thesis also looks for to demonstrate that, for A.A. members, the alcoholic disease is understood as a family disease , i.e., a disease that not only concerns the individuals but also affects those around them, family members most of all. In fact, the possibility of contagion around alcoholism is clearly identifiable. Such condition is directly linked to representations built on alcoholism, understood as a physical and moral disease. It is also linked to its effects on the set of social relationships both familial and professional in which the ex-drinker is involved. In their activities and meetings, the members of the fellowship acknowledge themselves as alcoholics in recovery , i.e., as carriers of an incurable disease, a disorder housed inside each of them with which they must learn to deal. Fundamentally, this process corresponds to setting a peculiar regime of alterity, based on the construction of an ill body and soul, in which ex-drinker is seen as another person that each alcoholic carries within; this condition must be shared with the other group members to facilitate preservation of soberness and recuperation of social bonds that were lost in the times of active alcoholism, particularly within the family and in the workplace.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de procedimentos envolvendo reações quimiluminescentes em fluxo para a determinação de analitos de interesse alimentício, farmacêutico e bioquímico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-23)
Leite, Oldair Donizeti
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
In this work, analytical flow procedures were developed using multicommutation concept and chemiluminescent detection for the determination of hydrogen peroxide, glucose and cholesterol in food, biochemistry and pharmaceutical samples. A personal computer Pentium 233 MHz equipped with PCL 711S interface was employed to control the flow manifold and data acquisition. The detection module consist of a flow-cell constructed with a coiled polyethylene tubing (0.8 mm i.d.), a silicon photodiode (OSD-50E) and an electronic device (model FAC 500) for signals conditioning and amplification, are devices were placed in a dark box. The manifold and detection module were characterized by hydrogen peroxide determination in pharmaceutical samples, monitoring the radiation produced in the chemiluminescent reaction between luminol, H2O2 and hexacyanoferrate(III). The analytical curve obtained was linear in the hydrogen peroxide concentration ranging from 2.2 x 10-6 to 2.1 x 10-4 mol L-4 and the detection limit obtained was 1.8 x 10-6 mol L-1. In the procedures for glucose determination in food, pharmaceutical and biochemical samples, a solid-phase reactor containing glucose oxidase immobilized in glass beads was employed. The hydrogen peroxide generated in this enzymatic reaction was monitored by chemiluminescent emission produced by the luminol/hexacyanoferrate(III) reaction. The proposed procedure showed linear response from 5.0 to 160.0 mg L-1 and a sampling rate of 160 samples per hour was obtained. The analytical procedure was employed with success in the glucose determination in honey, glucose pharmaceutical formulation, grape and tomato juices. For glucose determination in blood serum, the manifold was reconfigured to minimize the sample manipulation. The results obtained in the glucose determination in serum using this proposed procedure are in close agreement with those obtained using the comparative procedure at a confidence level of 95%. In the proposed procedure for cholesterol determination in eggs a solid-phase reactor containing immobilized cholesterol oxidase was used, the hydrogen peroxide produced was monitored by the same chemiluminescent reaction. The linear range of analytical curve obtained in optimized procedure ranged from 250 to 2500 mg L-1, and are described by the equation: Intensity (mV)= 43.0 + 0.325 x [cholesterol], r= 0.999, The luminol and hexacyanoferrate(III) consumption per determination were 356 µg and 2.64 mg, respectively. The manifold was reconfigured for cholesterol determination in serum. The results obtained were in agreement with those obtained using the comparative procedure. Extraction and pre-purification of enzyme peroxidase were carried out with the purpose of employing this enzyme as a catalyst in the chemiluminescent reaction between the luminol and hydrogen peroxide.
Relações entre as variáveis edáficas e vegetacionais em cerrado hiperestacional, cerrado estacional e campo úmido no Parque Nacional das Emas (GO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-23)
Amorim, Priscilla Kobayashi
;
Batalha, Marco Antônio Portugal Luttembarck
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3893228815181339
The Cerrado Domain occupied formerly 2 million km2 of the Brazilian territory, especially in the Central Plateau. The cerrado vegetation is not uniform in physiognomy, ranging from grassland to tall woodland, but with most of its physiognomies within the range defined as tropical savanna. In cerrado, there are few areas that become waterlogged during the rainy season due to the poor drainage of the soil, allowing the appearance of a hyperseasonal cerrado, characterized by two contrasting stresses, one induced by drought and fire during the winter, the other by soil saturation in the summer. As long as soil is important in the ecology of the cerrado, limiting the cerrado distribution and the occurrence of its physiognomies, we investigated the soil-vegetation relationships in a cerrado core area in Emas National Park, in three vegetation forms: hyperseasonal cerrado, seasonal cerrado, and wet grassland. We collected vegetation and soil samples in these three vegetation forms and submitted obtained data to a canonical correspondence analysis. Our results showed a distinction among hyperseasonal cerrado, seasonal cerrado and wet grassland, which presented different floristic compositions and species abundances. The edaphic variables best related to the hyperseasonal and seasonal cerrados were sand, base saturation, pH, and magnesium. The wet grassland was related to higher concentrations of clay, organic matter, aluminium saturation, aluminium, phosphorus, and potassium. We also investigated the relationships between number of species and soil characteristics, with simple multiple linear regressions, and found that aluminium and pH were the best predictors of species density, the former positively related to species density and the latter negatively related.
Restauração de imagens de microscopia confocal utilizando técnicas POCS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-23)
Stelzer, Murilo
;
Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
Computer Optical Sectioning Microscopy (COSM) is widely used in morphological studies of cellular structures. COSM appears as a great challenge to digital image processing, because the large size of the three-dimensional files. The major problem in COSM is the blurring, which practically turn the image unusable without the use of digital image processing techniques. In this work, based on projection onto convex set were developed image processing techniques to restore COSM images, obtained by a confocal microscope. Although confocal microscope presents less blurring than the wide field microscope, it has a larger Poisson noise level. To reduce the Poisson noise the Anscombe Transform (AT) was used as well a pointwise Wiener Filter. The POCS methods were evaluated by means of simulations, using synthetic images (phantom), and the results was evaluated by ISNR (Improvement in Signal Noise Ratio) and UIQ (Universal Quality Index). The developed algorithms, using RAP (Row Action Projection) present satisfactory results, but the computational costs were expensive.
Alterações bioquímicas e cardio-respiratórias de Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) frente à exposição sub-letal ao sulfato de cobre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-23)
Neder, Lyandra Mara Zanatta
;
Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
The present study evaluated the biochemical, hematological and cardio-respiratory responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to copper sulfate (CuSO4). A group of fish (T2; n = 8) was exposed to 50% of a CL50 (48 h) of CuSO4, while the control group (T1; n = 8) was submitted to the same conditions of water quality without CuSO4. Samples of blood, gills, liver, white and red muscles were collected at the end of the experimental period for the following determination: Hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (VCM), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (HCM), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (CHCM), Na+/K+-ATPase, metalothionein (MT), glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glycogen, ionic concentrations (Na+, K+ e Cl-) and plasmatic ammonia. The cardio-respiratory parameters (oxygen uptake - &VO2 , O2 extraction from the ventilatory current - EO2, respiratory frequency - fR, gill ventilation - &VG , ventilatory tidal volume - VT, and heart rate - fH). were also measured in both experimental groups during 48 h: When compared to the control group, fish treated with CuSO4 showed a significant increase in Hct, Hb, RBC and VCM. Lactate concentration increased in liver and red muscle. Glucose increased also in liver, but decreased in the muscles, and a reduction on glycogen was observed in all the tissues analyzed. Fish exposed to CuSO4 presented a reduction in EO2 after 3 h and in &VO2 after 6 h. An increase in &VG was detected after 1 h of exposure to CuSO4. This hiperventilation was mainly due to increases in the fR, since the VT remained constant during all the experimental time. Fish treated with CuSO4 also displayed a significant bradycardia after 12 hours of exposure.
Aplicação do indicador de proximidade de áreas verdes urbanas na cidade de Jaboticabal - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-23)
Russo, Renato Anselmo
;
Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
Several studies have been done with urban green areas used as indicators of the sustainability in the Environmental Planning of a city. The current study aimed to apply an indicator of sustainability to central green areas of Jaboticabal city (state of São Paulo) and to interpret its behavior. For this, a characterization of these green areas, which areas located in the urban perimeter of the city, was made citing its measures, type of use, conservation conditions, location and vegetation. The chosen indicator, which is the same to other identified experiences, was the Green Area Proximity Index (IPAV), considering 300 or 500 meter distances. The IPAV enables the adoption of a graphic instrument for its calculation and analysis. The developing of graphic instruments related to the chosen indicators increases the number of interpretations which can also be used for other studies. The result obtained with the used of IPAV has raised questions regarding its efficiency, when applied in isolation, because it can interfere in the value of other indicators. However the IPAV is a valuable tool to help in the distribution of the green areas inside the urban region. The main idea is that this study may contribute as a tool to the Environmental Planning of a city, along with Sustainable Urbanization, resulting in a better quality of life for people. This scientific contribution is intended to give support to pertinent actions to our reality without jeopardizing future situations.
Efeitos da desconexão hipotalâmica aguda e crônica sobre as respostas pressoras induzidas pela injeção central de salina hipertônica, carbacol e angiotensina II em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-24)
Rodrigues, Lilia Simone Urzedo
;
Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403
Several anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated that the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) constitutes a neuroendocrine center. The PVN is intimately related to the regulation of the sympathetic nerve activity and vasopressin secretion. Intracerebroventricular injections of angiotensin II (ANG II), carbachol and hypertonic saline induce an increase in arterial pressure by sympathetic activation and/or vasopressin secretion. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that hypothalamic disconnection (HD) caudal to PVN, performed by way of a knife-cut into the hypothalamus using a microknife of bayonet shape, produced a decrease in basal arterial pressure, suggesting that the fibers interrupted by this HD, probably from PVN, are part of a neural circuitry responsible for tonic maintenance of the arterial pressure. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine, in conscious rats, the effects of HD caudal to PVN (HD-C) on: a) the pressor response induced by intracerebroventricular injection of ANG II, carbachol and hypertonic saline, b) on the baroreflex and chemoreflex, c) on urinary excretion after 24 h of water deprivation. Male Holtzman rats (280-320 g) were submitted to sham-HD or acute (1 day) or chronic (15 days) HD caudal to PVN (HD-C) performed with a microknife of bayonet shape (radius = 1 mm, height = 2 mm) stereotaxically placed, positioned 1.5 mm caudal to the bregma, lowered along the midline down to the inner surface of the sphenoid and the cut as achieved by rotating it 90° left e 90° right. In sham-HD no rotation was performed. After the HD, a cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle. Femoral vein and arterial catheters were introduced after the surgery to implant the cannula into LV (acute group) or 14 days after HD (chronic group). Rats submitted to acute HD-C did not have changes in basal mean arterial pressure (MAP), but had an increase in basal heart rate (HR), (423 ± 17 bpm) compared to sham HD rats (346 ± 8 bpm). Chronic HD did not change basal levels of MAP or HR. Baroreflex was also not changed by acute or chronic HD-C. In regard to chemoreflex, although the peak of the pressor and the bradycardic response to chemoreflex activation were not changed by acute or chronic HD-C, the duration of the pressor response was reduced in rats submitted to chronic HD-C (18±2 s) compared to sham-HD (28±3 s). The pressor response induced by intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of hypertonic saline was reduced by acute or chronic HD-C (7±3 and 21±2 mmHg vs. sham-HD: 19±4 and 36±5 mmHg, respectively). The acute or chronic HD-C also reduced the pressor response induced by icv injection of carbachol (12±3 and 21±3 mmHg vs. sham-HD: 32±4 and 35±4 mmHg, respectively) and ANG II (12±3 and 12±2 mmHg vs. sham-HD: 23±2 and 22±2 mmHg, respectively). In the 24 h water deprivation experiments, we observed a higher potassium excretion in rats with acute HD-C (DH-C: 1278±248 µEq/24 h vs sham-HD: 682±87 µEq/24 h) or chronic (DH-C: 1480±281 µEq/24 h vs sham-HD: 787±75 µEq/24 h), respectively. In chronic HD-C rats the urine volume excreted in 24 h of water deprivation was greater than the one observed in sham-HD rats (DH-C: 19±2 ml vs sham-HD: 9±0,4 ml), while the urinary volume excreted in 24 h of water deprivation in rats submitted to acute HD-C were not different from sham-HD rats. HD-C animals had polidipsia from the 6th 8th day after the HD-C, which was maintained until the last day of the experiment (14 or 17th day). These results suggest that the pressor responses induced by central injections of ANG II, carbachol and hypertonic saline, but not the baro and chemoreflex, depend on the neural pathways injured by HD-C. It is possible that the lesser pressor responses induced by central injections of these substances in HD-C rats are due to a lesser activation of sympathetic activity and/or vasopressin secretion. It is also possible that the lesser vasopressin secretion in HD-C rats is responsible for the polidipsia observed in these animals.
A disciplina biologia aplicada: sua produção no contexto das reformas curriculares nacionais do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-26)
Brito, Luisa Dias
;
Freitas, Denise de
This work investigates a curricular innovation through the proposition and implementation of the Applicable Disciplines integrants of the High School curriculum. These disciplines were created by two public high schools in the city of Rio Claro in the period of 1999-2003 and they form a diversified core of the curricular grade. The objective established was to understand the genesis and implementation of the Applicable Biology discipline in both high schools, to characterize the construction of the Applicable Biology teaching from the perspective of the teacher(s) and to analyze the construction of the Applicable Biology considering the STS movement in teaching. Due to the fact that the uniqueness of this curricular innovation is restricted to just two high schools, this research presents itself as a case study. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews, notes from informal conversations and observation of the discipline classes as well as scholar quotidian. For the results analyses were utilized theoretical referential on curricular questions from the field of critical theory as well as from the scholar quotidian. For the dimension of the content it was adopted the perspective of the STS movement (Science, Technology and Society). As results there are the evidences that the process of production and implementation of this discipline at the high schools was related to the Reform through which High School went in the end of the 20th century and the search of both high schools to adequate, responding to the new educational scenario. The genesis of the discipline is connected to a social and subjective demand from students, direction, coordination and teachers and to a demand of national curricular directives. The legal structural support allowed the wished innovation to be placed in a disciplinary format. This contour materialized the wishes of the scholar communities by creating spaces that could deal with scientific content in a contextualized way. From STS s perspective the discipline permeated emerging thematic (environmental questions, biotechnology, ecological and health relations) utilizing local, regional and global aspects of the students quotidian; diverse sources of information; wider approaches on worked concepts; and methodologies that consider the students opinions, positioning and their decisions. In synthesis the Applicable Biology constituted a space/time in which students and teachers had the opportunity, in a more systematical manner, to produce answers to questions about the study area and rehearse processes of teaching-learning more freely. It configured a way of re-dimensioning the curriculum itself, embodying the teachers wish of escaping the current ties in the traditional conduction of Biology classes, rehearsing another possibility.
O protagonismo juvenil na percepção de jovens em um programa de educação para o trabalho na cidade de Ribeirão Preto.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-28)
Esteves, Maria Cristina Durante
;
Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
The teen protagonism is defined when the young is able to act in his/her family s circle, social and scholarship circle, being this act individual or in group. This study was carried out in order to identify the manner the Educational Working Program s learnings take place; verify if this learning helps the teen protagonism besides knowing the teens opinions and perceptions who took part of this program related to their rules in society. Teens inscribed in Ribeirão Preto s Educational Working Program took part of this study. Program inserted in Ribeirão Preto s National Comerce Learning Service (Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial SENAC) which are linked to Ribeirão Preto s Mayor and the Educational Working Foundation. The data were collected from six focal groups that ocurred in September, 2004, involving fifty-six participants. The sessions were recorded according to teens and their responsibles authorizations. The discussions focused the teens perception in society, the meaning of taking part of this program and in other learning areas as well as the educational process in this program. The data were analyzed according to seven analysis categories: the teen s perception according to his rule in society, teen s participation, work and youthful, joy and the young, prevention, sexuality and drugs, learning and teaching and learning to life. The analysis showed some teens feel under pressure in having to help their families economically but in a program for young/teens they are able to learn for working and life. They stated there is a lack of spaces that could stimulate their participation in another activities and the act of creating these spaces would be important to their selfimprovement. They live with the violence s fear and mention the orientation s importance related to the sexually transmitted diseases prevention and pregnancy. They point these approaches should happen in a participative way, occasion in which they could be listened and give their opinions. We ought to think about learning spaces where the young/teens can occupy their protagonist rule, being able to have not only individual but collective transformations as well, generating changings in all social circles.
Estratégias tecnológicas em cadeias de suprimentos da indústria automobilística brasileira: estudos de caso em empresas do segmento de motores de automóveis.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-29)
Cerra, Aline Lamon
;
Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
The prime objective of this work is to identify and analyze the technological strategies (TSs) of two car-engine assemblers and some of their first and second-tier suppliers, discussing the relations between the technological strategies of each assembler and its suppliers in each supply chain studied and, as a second objective, comparing the two sets (combinations) of technological strategies adopted in those chains. Two hypotheses were formulated: (1) The automotive assemblers set up in Brazil have different TSs regarding the development and production of engines; (1a) To each type of TS is assigned a necessary effort to maintain and develop the several technological capabilities, either internally or in partnership (together) with suppliers; (2) The sets of TSs in the chains are different. The technological strategies vary among the suppliers, and must be distinct the influences each assembler exerts on each supplier. To analyze such hypotheses, a literature review on the issues concerning this theme was carried out, as well as a field research. Such research comprised case studies in two chains, led by assemblers with distinct strategies, with different levels of vertical integration, representing distinct configurations. The case studies were conducted in the two assemblers and some of their suppliers (from the first and second tiers, in each chain), based on semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that, in general, the strategies undertaken by those assemblers are very similar and oriented towards local competitiveness. The differences occur as a result of their supply chain structures and their supplying policies. The assembler with a greater number of small-sized suppliers, with limited technological capabilities, must make a greater effort to develop them and to assure their adequate performance. The assembler with a greater number of large-sized suppliers, more technologically capable, must make a relatively bigger effort to negotiate (the transactions) with the suppliers, but a much lower effort to develop them. The technological strategies of the suppliers vary in the degree of ownership and technological complexity of product and process, as well as in the fact of transferring (or not) technological knowledge to their suppliers.
Estudo do critério de Niyama na formação de porosidade em fundidos de aço com distintos intervalos de solidificação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-29)
Anselment, Ricardo Eugenio
;
Bolfarini, Claudemiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
This study concerns the analysis of the application of the Niyama Criteria as a tool to predict porosity formation on steel castings made from steel with different solidification gaps. Therefore, test coupons were project in order to allow porosity formation. The test coupons were simulated on the Magma Soft- Ware. The behaviour of temperature gradient, cooling rate, feeding and Niyama were analysed in the software as a function of the three plate thickness. The materials used in the simulation and foundry of the test plates were the carbon steel WCC class, the martensitic stainless steel CA6NM class and the corrosion resistant steel CA15 class. After the test coupons been casted, they were classified according to their material and cut in halves thru their middle. The faces along the test coupon length were milled in order to get accuracy on the analysis phase. The surfaces were inspected with dye penetrate test in order t determine the pore distribution along the profile. The pore location, size and incidence were that after compared to the simulation results. The analysis showed low pore incidence on the thinner test coupons. It also showed that the CA15 steel, which has the largest solidification interval presented fine, pores spread on an extensive area, more than expected from the Niyama criteria for lower values than 1. The steel with smaller solidification gaps showed pores with a larger dimension and more concentration. It was also evidenced the existence of analogy of porosity location and dispersion among the plate size of one material, nevertheless the size of the pore indication increases with the increases of the plate thickness.
Diretrizes para elaboração de documento de requisitos com ênfase nos requisitos funcionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-30)
Kawai, Karina Kiyomi
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7314738775788029
This work presents Guidelines to elaborate the Requirements Document (RD) based on Functional Requirements made up of three items: i) a Template to specify the Functional Requirements, which determines a set of basic information that should compose the requirement description; ii) Writing Recommendations that offer suggestions to avoid certain defects during requirement writing and iii) a Pre-Inspection Checklist that supports a brief evaluation of the requirements to help in deciding if the RD should be submitted to an inspection. Definition of such Guidelines were based on the analysis of some requirement specification standards, some writing recommendations suggested by some authors and mainly, on the evaluation of applying PBR-User, Checklist and TUCCA (Technique for Use Case Construction and construction-based requirements Analysis) inspection techniques in three different RDs. The main objective to define these Guidelines was to facilitate the application of TUCCA, which supports the elaboration of Use Case Model (UCM) and the inspection of RD, for which a tool that has the RD as input is being developed. The case study to evaluate the proposed Guidelines consisted of the application of PBR-User, Checklist and TUCCA in three RDs and posterior application of the three techniques in these same RDs after they were modified according to the proposed Guidelines. The obtained results showed that TUCCA application was made easier when RD followed the Guidelines and there was a defect reduction in RD thus increasing the quality of this document.
Análise teórica de itens referentes a pessoas com deficiência da Infant Toddler Environment Rating Scale - Revised Edition.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-30)
Menegasso, Lisandrea Rodrigues
;
Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940
Pigmentos cerâmicos nanométricos a base de CeO2 dopado com Pr6O11, NiO e CoO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-30)
Casali, Graziela Pereira
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
In the last few years, the study of ceramic materials has increased very fast, mainly studies related to advanced ceramics. The several applications of these materials as ceramic pigments in nanometric scale justify more and more the need for a better understanding of the influence of the dopant addition on the final properties. In this present work, it was studied structural and morphological properties of ceramic pigments based on CeO2 doped with different molar percentages of praseodymium, nickel and cobalt. These properties were also analyzed under the influence of oxidizer (O2) and inert (N2) atmospheres applying different calcination temperatures. The goal of this work was to obtain nanosized ceramic pigments with. The chemical route adopted to obtain materials was the polymeric precursor method. It was obtained stable nanosized pigments, being observed the predominance of the dark red, brown and gray colors for systems doped with praseodymium, nickel and cobalt, respectively.
Limites do processo de formulação de propostas de diretrizes para políticas públicas de habitação social com desenvolvimento local. Caso: Itararé (SP) e região
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-30)
Silva, Michelly Ramos da
;
Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
This work inserts in the debate of the sustainable local development, specifically about the formularization of the public politics of social habitation that generate changes of regional development and participation of agents in the production of public proposals. It considered the scales of performance of a public politic and the spheres that it participates. With the objective to identify the difficult of this process we were adopted a strategy of research an only case in a small city. In Itararé, located in the southwestern region of São Paulo state, with experience to formulate public politics of social habitation with regional development, there is a project "Social Habitation in Economic Wood as Alternative for Multiple Uses of the Forest". This case permits us understand the different performance by the social agents during the process to elaborate lines of direction of public politics. It was distinguishes differet citizens like analytic categories (representative of the administration, the organized society, private initiative, researchers and others like owner of carpenters or sawmills) and the way like them participation in this process. The revision of literature, the systematization of data, the direct comment and interviews, evidenced the difficult of a small city to elaborate its proper public politics. Such limits are associates the diverse factors related to the agents who compose the project: public administration, local population, private initiative, universities and other partners. From the analysis of the participation of these actors in Itararé s experience, we give an important conclusion: it did not have the sufficient interaction between the public administratio, the productive sector, the organized population and the assessorship technique, so that the project in this city was consolidated.
Aprendizagem da docência: um estudo com professores do curso pré-vestibular da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-09-30)
Moraes, Alessandra Cardoso de
;
Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2101341659399179
This research is about an inquiry of the teachers learning process in the CPV (Curso Pré- Vestibular da Universidade Federal de São Carlos). It aims at analysis of the learning built by the teachers during their practices in CPV, under their own perspective. Thus some elements are being considered, for instance: the scholar history of the seven teachers, their initial formation and context factors making relation with different experiences with the CPV team work. This study relies on educational literature from teachers formation area and indicates the teachers learning occur inside a continuum and through reflection, in and about the teaching, the teachers acquire new knowledge and rebuild their practice. In this perspective, the learning coming from the teacher s experience has an important figure in this context. Based on the data of interview with participants it is possible to observe teachers passing through stabilization process, when they improve and/or modify their teaching strategy to overcome some found difficulties. When they feel more safety about some components of the how to teach , the teachers pass through a process of worry decentralization related with their own performances and actions to focus on students and observing their life s context, difficulties, anguish and comprehensions about what is taught. Teachers begin to re-judge the teaching in accord with the students necessity and the analysis of the life s experience. The group activities that have been done in CPV can develop the reflexive process related with features of the students who frequent the course. Besides, the teachers involve themselves into outclasses areas bringing into relation with the management and organization which characterizes the CPV project. They can be part of a project s coordination group or be a coordinator of their own work area. In this professional formation places, they share with partners their anguish and suggest solutions, there are deals about process, contents and dynamics.
Os saberes de professores que ensinam ciências nas séries iniciais - um estudo de caso.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-03)
Braga, André
;
Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
The main objectives of this research are: a) to identify and to analyze the knowledge base utilized by science teachers in their daily practice in the first grades of fundamental school ; b) to identify the sources of acquisition of teaching knowledge; c) to know the relation of the teachers with their knowledge base; d) to know the importance attributed by these teachers to their personal and professional relationships in the construction of their teaching knowledge; d) to identify the sources of information used by the teachers for the daily teaching exercise. The main theoretical references which oriented the research were the works and categories proposed by Tardif (2002), complemented by the works of Shulman (1986), Barth (1993), Gauthier et al. (1998) and Borges (2004). These references made it possible to initiate the construction of a framework for the performance analysis of the teachers in the first grades of fundamental school, related to natural sciences teaching. Two teachers participated of this inquiry. They act in fourth grade of fundamental school in private institutes. Besides answering a semi-structured interview, the two teachers analyzed a teaching case related to the science education in the first grades of fundamental school and they answered questions presented at the end of the teaching case. Based on the analysis of the data collected it was possible to identify in the teacher´s speech referential elements of the five categories proposed by Tardif (2002): professional knowledge, disciplinar knowledge, curricular knowledge, experiential knowledge and the relationship of the teachers with their knowledge. The analysis confirm the appreciation of experiential knowledge. Didactic books, magazines and internet sites are confirmed as sources of acquisition of their subject knowledge. The under appreciation of their initial formation and the absence of deepened reflections about the curricular organization of the educational level where they act were also confirmed. The science conception present in the teachers discourse considers that scientific knowledge is not static and it evolves continuously. They recognize the dynamic character of sciences, however without considering that science is the creation of human beings, and that it can transform the visions about the world and be transformed by them. It was perceived that the collective and cooperative work of the teachers is an important tool to stimulate a reflective practice, creating the conditions for the teachers to restructure their knowledge base by validation and appropriation of several external sources, incorporating them to their experiential knowledge basis. Therefore it is believed that the collective work, if guided well, can be an important way of continuous formation, as showed by Torres (1998) in the example of the "formation microcenters .
A identidade institucional da escola técnica pública paulista como espaço organizacional e cultural: unificação e diferenciação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-04)
Corrêa, Ana Maria Ferro
;
Buffa, Ester
The present thesis deals with professional education of technical level in São Paulo State of proved political, economic and educational leadership in Brazil. Such attributes connect the paulista technical school to the privileged conditions of the state and the productive sector, derived from the specificity of its teaching. In the present research a Escola Técnica Estadual Paulino Botelho (ETE) has been chosen as the object of study. It is located in the scientific technological regional pole of São Carlos and is currently integrated with the public system administered by Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza (CEETEPS). The specific aim of this research is to answer the question about the contradictions and theoretical practical limits present in the organizational and cultural space of the school as well as the visible effects upon the educative practice that qualifies the institutional identity understood as the social function to fit young students and adults for the several areas and technical courses. By means of qualitative and quantitative data obtained from primary sources, such as testimonies, questionnaires and analysis of the data of administrative books, it is possible to conclude that the identity of the individualized school is jeopardized by the confrontation between what is proposed by the regulating documents of professional education, with principles and general objectives idealized and the reality revealed by the deficiency of material and educational conditions of daily teaching, proved by the internal study of the technical teaching institution.