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O trabalho com projetos na educação infantil.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-02) Moraes, Letícia Alvarez Yamaguchi de; Mello, Maria Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
To work with projects is a practice presents more often in schools of Childish Education. Considering the child s activity in the work with plans and its importance for the development, this study has an objective: to understand how teachers of elementary school children accept and develop the plans with their groups. This king of strategy is a didactic alternative and its center of the search is the child, because the child must participate the entire process such as: choosing the subject for the work evaluation. The teacher s role has an extreme importance, teachers must mediate the children s relation with the knowledge and with the other people. The interaction among teachers and children ought to be a preoccupation and the communication makes possible to find out the interests and desires of the children. The teacher needs to establish the objectives that intends to achieve like the principal focus the children s development more then they know or do by themselves. Man learns how to be man because of the activity in his relations. For the Historical and Cultural conception the person s activity is essential in its process of education. Therefore this activity can t be a mechanics and thoughtless action, but it must de conscious of its goal. This objective must concur with the reason that impels the accomplishment of this activity. We accomplished a questionnaire with Childish Education teachers from São Carlos city to analyze how they accept the work with projects. The statistics revealed a contradictory conception between the teacher speech with the children, in a moment affirm the child s participation is essential for the work, in another moment we investigated the child doesn t have a central place in the process, then they don t participate the planning of the choices of the subjects or the evolution of the projects. Consequently it s fundamental the professional of Childish Education search for theoretical knowledge and basis for their practices become more consistent with they think about education and childhood to achieve a better quality in teaching of elementary school children.
Elaboração e implementação piloto de um portal para o apoio à cooperação científica e tecnológica e sua aplicação à área de tratamento de superfícies metálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-02) Garcia, Leonardo Guimarães; Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
The globalization and the Communication and Information Technologies (CIT´s) have been, respectively, increased the demand and facilitated the existence of cooperation associated to innovation, research and development (R&D). In Brazil colaborative actions in R&D, particularly among companies and universities, are limited due to cultural and historic reasons. By the other hand, despite the Internet to be a TIC recognized by its capacity to integrate people and institutions, the current portals also have mechanisms yet incipient for the stimulus to cooperation in R&D. This occurs in large and small technological areas like Metallic Surface Treatment (MST). The present work aims to promote the innovation by implement, in a pilot scale, an Internet portal, to act in the linkage among people and institutions that are responsible by the R&D in MST. The results indicated that portals like this give relevant contributions to the R&D´s sectorial processes facilitating the diagnosis and the strategic direction of collective actions to overcome problems related to innovation, besides the generation as of information and ideas for R&D as of synergy and trust in cooperation, allowing to the sector to take advantages of cooperation to improve its R&D.
Estudo de haplótipos do DNA mitocondrial de colhereiros (Aves, Ordem Ciconiiformes, Platalea ajaja)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-02) Santos, Mateus Henrique; Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
Roseate spoonbill (Platalea ajaja) is a neotropical bird with wide geographic distribution in intercontinental and coastal wetland habitats. Populations are morphologically indistinguishable, with no apparent differentiation from the southern United States to northern Argentina. In this study we aim to determine the genetic diversity and to delineate the Brazilian population structure of this specie, using genetic data of a 483 base-pair fragment of the first domain of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Samples of 50 individuals were collected from five breeding colonies in two important Brazilian wetland areas, the Pantanal (four colonies, n = 39) and the Banhado do Taim (one colony, n = 11). The levels of variability estimated using nucleotide (π) and haplotipic (H) diversities were higher in the Pantanal (π = 0.004 and H = 0.753) than in Taim (π = 0,0004 and H = 0,182). No significant levels of genetic differentiation among Pantanal colonies (Fst and AMOVA values are not significant) and between Pantanal and Taim colonies (Fst and AMOVA values are not significant) were found. The unimodal pattern of the mismatch distribution and the neutrality tests results (Tajima`s D = -1,942, Fu = -23,271 and R2 = 0,055) pointed a recent expansion in the Pantanal population. The time since the expansion was estimated to be 30242 years before present and the Ne was estimated as 14556 females. Our results were discuss considering that the present Pantanal population was originated from a geographically limited founder population. The Ne estimates indicates that the Pantanal population represents around 10-30% of Roseate Spoonbill continental population.