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A proposta política de um município para a inclusão escolar: um tema, vários olhares.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-20)
Fragelli, Patrícia Maria
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
The general aim of the present study was to investigate how the current public policies of educational inclusion have been translated by different educational agents, inserted in the context of regular education. We attempted at interpreting a same theme: educational inclusion policies , through the eyes of several educational agents. The research was made at municipal schools, during the administrative period between the years of 2001 and 2004. It was a qualitative research kind, in which the following subjects participated: two elementary school teachers, cycle I ( 3rd and 4th grades); an elementary municipal school director; an educational therapist who worked for the Municipal Education Office, with children considered in high risk situation; a pedagogy specialist, member of the State Education Office, who worked with minority groups inclusion, specially black minorities; and an educational therapist, responsible for the special education area, in the State Education Office. The theoretical approach on which this research was based on regarded the production of teachers knowledge and the investigations which try to understand the teacher s practical thought, his/her values, believes and reflective capacity. The data collecting procedures were divided into four steps: questionnaire application; interviews; observations and documental analysis. This study did not intend to provide ready to make recipes or elaborate a manual on how to handle inclusion; on the contrary, we tried to better understand how the established policies in theoretical terms have been made effective in the practical context and which feelings, perceptions and difficulties are faced by the ones who experienced it in their every day lives. The data collection and analysis allowed us to better understand the issue investigated, giving voices to the ones directly involved in the process, as well as provided interesting information to new research, supplying meaningful data which can be considered in the effective proposal for inclusive education. The main results obtained indicate that the different educational agents have different views on inclusive education policies, which make their actions distinctive. While administrators (members of the State Education Office) see some possibilities and no difficulties in the translation of the established policies, the teachers signed with a feeling of not being prepared and of difficulty in executing their role as professionals with an inclusive posture. We verified also the necessity of reevaluating the teaching degree courses, contemplating in their curricular framework disciplines related to the inclusion. Through this investigation it was possible to verify that all the subjects established rich and meaningful criteria in the attempt to understand and favor the inclusive process.
Processo de desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos: estudo de caso em fabricantes que utilizam o processo de moagem a úmido, de moagem a seco e colorifícios.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-20)
Romachelli, João Celso
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The increase of the competitiveness in the markets, demand products with high quality and that they are developed of form the one that the companies present fast cycle of development, high performance, and low cost. Some tools of the production engineering are available of form to optimize and to become more previsible the happened results of the process of development of products. An important aspect in the PDP, is the possible contribution of the supplier, combining itself since the stages initiates, of form to optimize performance ace characteristic, to reduce risks and to optimize the innovative process. The ceramic tiles industry Brazilian particularly can be characterized by producers that use water process and dry process. The industry that uses the dried milling process has grown of significant form from the beginning of years 90, producing currently about 60% of the national production. The ceramic tiles industry historically uses the supplier as collaborating in the development of products. In Brazil more specifically the role played for the suppliers of inputs for ceramic glazes is important. Considering itself that the common suppliers are ace industries that use the dry process and the water process, this work effects an exploratory boarding on the process of development of products in the ceramic tiles industry. Case studies were done in seven companies tiles manufacturers and three glazes suppliers. One concludes that the industry independently of the competitive strategy, must structuralize and co-ordinate better the PDP preventing the extreme dependence of suppliers. And that the established scene privileges more than proportionally, the industry that uses dry process.
Adaptação, implantação e avaliação de uma proposta de manufatura responsiva para a indústria de calçados: pesquisa-ação.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-21)
Gracia, Eduardo
;
Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
Nowadays enterprises are structuring themselves to become competitive in the world market. In the footwear business the search for competitiveness is even greater as this sector is highly dependent on labour and its products follow international fashion trends which make internal organisation and production and planning control (PPC) extremely difficult. A lot of research has been carried out to contribute to the improvement of this sector and this work is going to complement this body of research, helping the national footwear industry enterprises to become more competitive. The aim of this study is to adapt, implement and evaluate a model proposed in a doctorate thesis concerning a new approach of Responsive Manufacturing through action-research in a footwear factory. The object of study was a children s footwear factory in the city of Birigui in São Paulo state, whose workers had a strong influence on the research, thus characterising it as action-research. Considering these facts, it was possible to achieve the study s aim and to initiate the implementation of the Responsive Manufacturing paradigm in the footwear industry. Among the results obtained, we can highlight the following: reduction of production and labour costs; an increase in the amount of orders supplied within the deadlines; and the decrease of rework level. All these results also contribute to reducing the existing gap between theory and practice in Production Engineering studies and open up opportunities for new research in the footwear industry sector.
Educação agora é para a vida? A marca social do ensino médio no Brasil.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-21)
Ramos, Carlos Alexandre
;
Nosella, Paolo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0352823597245001
This text intends the recognition historic-philosophic of the High School social mark in Brazil. It is understood by social marc from Antonio Gramsci s concept that each social group has its own kind of school, destined to perpetuate in these groups a predetermined traditional, directive or instrumental function. We intend to show as the duality of the Brazilian education was reduced along the years and reflected in the plans, edicts, laws, and High School proposals. The Federal Government supported that the educational reformations occurred since the nineties under the denomination of New High School promoted the unification of the middle school, but, we are going to point out how these reformations deepened even more the education duality and, consequently, of the Brazilian society. It is necessary to investigate the concept of unitary school defended by Gramsci so we understand that the idea of unitary means to overcome the different and far from each other social classes partitions, aiming to eliminate the separation between governor and governed. This proposal does not happen as an immediate and social capitalist tear down structure revolution, but it demands a work of space occupation in the democratic society and in the cultural field, interacting in the political society and in the civil society in the State amplifying gramsciano. It is illusion or cynicism to fetch the unitary school just by the means of documents and laws, or treat it as a mere pedagogical problem, without historizing the concept of education in a socialist perspective and facing it in the social and political clash the possibility of the subaltern classes hegemony construction. Or else, the duality of the education only will be overcome in the perspective of the social and cultural duality surpass. The reformation proposals, including the one called New High School, did not meet these socialist aspirations of a unitary school defended by the educators due to obvious reality: they were neither based on a socialist society project nor foresaw the investment of inaudible resources in the teaching structures. We are also going to denunciate the fragility of the world educational consensus defended by international agencies, which reduce the educational problems to a merely conceptual or pedagogic question. As for this, it is going to be pointed out in the centrality of the strategic speeches of the education in the knowledge society (or postindustrial) its limits and implications. The certainties divulged about the current educational model in the country hide a clear separation among social classes, currently presented with the idea of individual differences generated by the knowledge level of each one, characterizing his/her employability capacity and insertion in the work market. As for it requires an analysis of the difference between educating for the work world and not just for the work market . All in all, the legalist and bureaucratic way with which it is tried to transform the Brazilian education is inefficient and inefficacious. The social mark of the High School was deepened, as well as the class separation. Besides this, in Brazil it is accepted as an almost mechanic link between the education and the citizenship notion, revalidating its sad condition inherited from centuries of discriminatory exclusion and separation between the poor and the rich, between included people and excluded people , between first class citizen and second class citizen.
Estudo sobre a ocorrência e caracterização das Partículas de Exopolímeros Transparentes (TEP) no reservatório de Barra Bonita e sua colonização por bactérias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-28)
Fatibello, Silvia Helena Saboya Arruda
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
TEP (Transparent Exopolymer Particles) have a great importance in the microbiological processes, in the carbon cycle and in food chain dynamics of the aquatic ecosystems. These particles are composed by a gel matrix formed mainly by acid polysaccharides dissolved and/or colloidal those are released by phytoplankton microorganisms. TEP are abundant in the oceans and in fresh waters and they have a dimension that varies from some micra to millimeters. This current work has the main objective of quantify and study the distribution per range of the TEP present in Barra Bonita reservoir water column in the Tietê River in the period between September of 2002 and January of 2004. Further the bacteria attached to TEP were quantified as well as preliminary protocols were established to the biological molecular analysis (DNA extraction, PCR e DGGE) of the bacteria attached to the TEP. During this study, the TEP concentration (> 1 µm), determined by a spectrophotometric method developed in this thesis, varied from 0.02 to 3.10 equiv. GX µg mL-1 and by light microscopy from 5.4 x 103 to 1.6 x 105 particles mL-1. Although, during the study period, the average concentrations did not suffer significant variations because of the unstable and dynamic system with constant changes of the Barra Bonita reservoir nature. The abundance of TEP size decreased with the increase of the particles diameter show by the equation N = kdp -β used in studies of this nature. In this equation k is related to particles concentration and β is to particles distribution per class size. In this work the k value varied from 2.40 x 104 to 3.86 x 10 6 particles mL-1 and β value from 0.2 to 2.5, indicating a predominance of particles of smaller size in the reservoir. Regarding bacteria attached to TEP, they were found on the surface and in the interior of the particles in average concentrations varying from 9 to 45 bacteria (TEP)-1, showing that not all TEP were colonized by bacteria. The number of bacteria attached to TEP can not be related to the particle surface or volume. Considering the total of bacteria numbered by fluorescence microscopy, the percentage of bacteria attached to TEP varied from 6.9 to 80.3%. The adequation of protocols to the extraction and amplification of the DNAr 16S of the bacteria attached to TEP from the water samples were performed with success and the use of PCR/DGGE techniques in these samples showed high diversity of bacteria community attached to TEP.
Estruturação genética em populações do tangará-dançarino Chiroxiphia caudata (Aves, Pipridae) no corredor costeiro da Mata Atlântica (SP) e sua importância para a conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-29)
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
Neotropical passerine birds that inhabit forests understory are thought to be highly sedentary, which may result in greater genetic differentiation among populations than in temperate species. The species of the genus Chiroxiphia (Pipridae) perform highly specialized courtship displays in which males aggregate at traditional arenas, or ``leks´´, performing a precopulatory dance. Each lek consists of 2-6 males, where a linear dominance hierarchy exists. With rare exceptions, the dominant male perform all of the copulations, resulting in one of the highest variances in male mating success ever demonstrated in vertebrates. Since subordinate males (beta) expend energy dancing, increasing the fitness of the alpha male, without receiving any immediate benefit, it has been hypothesized that kin selection could be involved, providing a genetic payoff to the subordinate individuals. Considering that the leks locations are permanent, if kin selection is involved, male dispersal is expected to be limited at some level, while females, that are free to visit different leks, would be the more dispersive sex. Sedentariness associated with the high variance in male mating success, as well as the possibility of kin selection, make of these birds candidates to present high levels of interpopulation structuring. In this work we investigated the extent of variation within and among blue-manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata, populations using 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci, along a 415 km transect, which covers most of the extension of the largest remaining continuum of one of the most endangered ecosystem in the planet, the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Low but significant levels of differentiation were found across populations (FST = - 0.0002 to 0.023). This structuring must be mostly related to social aspects of the species, and three non exclusive hypothesis can be urged to explain it: (1) genetic drift due to the intra population smaller effective population size caused by the high variance in male mating success; (2) inbreeding if males contribute to more than one generation of females and (3) the existence of kin selection among males from the same lek. Besides, an isolation by distance pattern of differentiation was found, indicating that dispersal is at some level limited, which can also have contributed to the observed structuring. Thus, a significant part of the blue manakin genetic diversity was distributed among populations, even at such a limited geographic scale. When these continuous areas get disconnect reducing gene flow, these animals are probably much more prone to suffer inbreeding depression and loose alleles than species that are not naturally inbred, such as most of the temperate birds. In this scenario, preserving continuous areas must be essential to maintain the genetic diversity, and the continuous corridor here studied can be the last large genetic repository for many Atlantic forest organisms.
Estimação bayesiana para medidas de desempenho de testes diagnósticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-05)
Pinho, Eloísa Moralles do
;
Achcar, Jorge Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3125027713681936
In the medical area, diagnostic tests are used to classify a patient as positive or negative with respect to a given disease. There are simple and more elaborate tests, each one with a speci9ed rate of misclassi9cation. To verify the accuracy of the medical tests, we could have comparisons with a "gold stantard", here is a test with no error. In many situations we could not have "gold standard", by ethical reasons or by chance that the individual is disease free or by high costs of the test. Joseph et al (1999) introduces a Bayesian approach that solves the lack of a gold standard, by using latent variables. In this work, we introduce this Bayesian methodology giving generalizations in the presence of covariates. A comparative study is made with the presence or not of gold standard to check the accuracy of the medical tests. Some diGerent proportions of patients without gold standard are considered in a simulation study. Numerical examples are considered using the proposed methodology. We conclude the dissertation assuming dependence among two or more tests.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de um método para o mapeamento de competências em inteligência competitiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-23)
Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
;
Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600
With the aim of contributing for the increase of the efficiency and effectiveness of the units of Competitive Intelligence (IC) in the ambit of the people's administration, the present research has as general objective to develop a systematic procedure to map knowledge, abilities and attitudes for IC professionals, based on the model of Administration of People for Competencies (APC). The research method that was adopted was the research-action and the application was carried out within the Center for Information Technology in Materials (NIT/Materiais) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), specialized in accomplishing IC projects. The obtained results were: the identification of a group of referential competencies for IC professionals; the creation of a glossary of attributes of IC competencies (Knowledge, Abilities and Attitudes); the development of the tool Levantamento de Atributos, for the collection of information seeking the definition of the organizational competencies; and the formalization of the profile of competencies for the IC professionals of the studied organization. Starting from the obtained results and of the discussion raised around the thematic of the competencies in IC, it was possible to conclude that the APC model can contribute to the creation and development of more efficient and effective IC teams, in a process of continuous improvement.
Nos meandros do processo de formação da identidade profissional de professoras e professores negros.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-24)
Moraes, Regina Helena
;
Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
The target of this work is to understand how the formation process of the professional identity of the black teacher is. For that, I make use of the following research question: in which circumstances black teachers build their professional identity and have it recognized? In order to find an answer to this question, this research is based on concepts like: whitening ideology; racial democracy; personal, social, ethnic, racial and professional identity formation; and, mainly, in the talk with the teachers who took part of it. Through the subjectiveness of these teachers I try to understand how their professional identity takes place and which strategies are used by them in order to have their professional value recognized in a society that preaches a supposed equality among all the citizens. Our analysis, made from a investigative position on the basis of the Phenomenology, is based on what teachers think about the ethnic and racial relations of their life experiences in family, work and classroom. So, this work intends to attract attention to the relations in the school environment, which is not free of racism, the evil that, unfortunately, permeates the society. This study tries to show what was left to see in the comprehensive description and the interpretations of the talk we had with the participants. For that, we made the following question: who are the black teachers in this research? The black teachers of this study are people to whom the family represents the point on which they rely for the construction of their values in relation to the study and work. They are people to whom the study is an open door for the world, to which they give themselves. They are readers up to some part of their lives they are self-taught. They are people who have pride of their academic formation and remain in constant update. They are people who had lived the constraint of the ethnic-racial discrimination at school or at work. They are professionals who have to show greater ability at the school environment. They are teachers who work in order to make their black pupils get a positive auto-esteem. They also work for the equality in relation to the ethnic-racial and economical-social questions. At last, they are black teachers who have got the professional recognition.
Uma contribuição ao processo de aquisição e sistematização do conhecimento multiespecialista e sua modelagem baseada na dinâmica de sistemas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-25)
Zambon, Antonio Carlos
;
Pereira, Neocles Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744216524256924
The present work approaches the problem of modern organizations, which are seen like complex systems that demand multi-specialist actions to produce solutions in an environment of diffuse and disciplinary knowledge. This context proposes the representation of specialist knowledge necessary to a composition of standard decisions through fundamental instruments in multi-criterion analysis and extraction rules and representation of mental structure from specialized agents, based on semiotic. Organize it from these concepts, the coordination of a process, from multispecialist knowledge, with the mapping mental standards and composition of dynamic representation from problem in the complex context. By the proposed process, offers an accuracy and understandable specification of mental standards, in the scope of System Dynamics, aiming to facilitate his study and appliance for incessant improvement of managerial processes from organizations and support for decision in complex environment. The utilization of mental standards obtained by proposed process in the development simulations, checks out both, accuracy and organization, necessary to your understanding and approval from part of specialist agents.
Brincar é estimular? Preensão, função manual e sua estimulação em pré-escolares com paralisia cerebral do tipo hemiparesia espástica.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-27)
Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da
;
Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
The prehension and hand function of children with of cerebral palsy can in be damaged in diverse levels the kind of motor impairment and also the way as they are stimulated to develop hand skills. The objective of this research was to characterize the prehension and hand function of preschool children with spastic hemiparesis and to describe how stimulation is carried through self-report of mothers of these children. Ten participants had composed the sample, distributed in two studies. In Study 1 five children with right spastic hemiparesis participated, with age varying between 56 and 86 months (average 70,8 months). Two tests, denomined as test 1 and test 2 had been applied. Test 1 was the "Domain of grasp" of the instrument "Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test" (QUEST) in order to characterize the prehension patterns of the children. Test 2 was the "Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test" seeking for analyze the impact of the motor deficiency in the hand function of the child with spastic hemiparesis for six representative tasks of functional activities. As results, the data of test 1 indicated that children with spastic hemiparesis presented compatible prehension patterns with children of typical development, however in previous development. The object that presented high variety in relation to kind of prehension used for the child was the pencil and such differences had been noted in the hemiparetic side. In test 2, using average statistic analysis by mean standard desviation of the time performance, data appointed all the children were slower in their performances in relation to the accomplishment of the six functional tasks in the hemiparetic side. In Study 2, the five mothers of the children of the previous study participated. Taking their structured interview and the self-report on how they conceive and carry the stimulation was possible to reach clearly the area of playing performance of the children. The data were analyzed from the thematic analysis of the content. As results, the main findings signaled that the use of the hands was an indicator for the mothers in a way they could see child had development problems. The mothers reported as purpose of the stimulation the functionality of the hemiparetic side with children using diverse activities. How much to the types of toys that the children play, they had been identified characteristic of gender and for all the children, the analysis of the toys for performance components indicated that it has a repertoire of toys that can improve the hand skills, however few toys had presented diversity of sensorial properties. In the description of playfulness, the symbolic representations had been observed in the familiar and school occupational role. The mothers seemed directive in the stimulation of the hand function of their children, carrying through it during functional tasks, in special, the activities of the daily life and preschool activities. The activity to play as stimulation was reported in minor scale. As stimulation models, the mothers described to be based on the practical ones of stimulation of the therapists of their children, showing the influence of the professionals of rehabilitation in the parental ones of stimulation of the child with physical disabilities. Finally, to play is detached as a half essential for stimulation of the hand function in the child with spastic hemiparesis, which reaffirms that to play is also to stimulate. Recommendations for other studies and implications for interventions are argued.
Desenvolvimento de produtos em pequenas e médias empresas de base tecnológica: práticas de gestão no setor de automação de controle de processos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-02)
Jugend, Daniel
;
Silva, Sérgio Luis da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068042414626399
Proficiency in management activities undertaken in product development processes is regarded as a key competitive advantage for companies, particularly for small andm medium sized technology-based firms that have the offering of high-tech products as their main market differential factor. Considering this context, and based on a surveystyle research, the present study aims to promote an analysis of the practices carried out in the management of product development processes of small and medium sized technology-based companies of process control automation. Among the main results observed, it was verified that the most important source of innovation for these firms is the application of their internally developed technology into their own products. Furthermore, the management techniques incorporated in the project and predevelopment phases, especially those implemented to obtain the product characteristics, the synchrony between the company strategy and projects, and the adequate translation of market demands into products, compose the major factors related to the success of each firm s production, according to the research accomplished in the present study.
Dinâmica tecnológica da cadeia de frango de corte no Brasil: análise dos segmentos de insumos e processamento.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-02)
Santini, Giuliana Aparecida
;
Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
This work tries to analyse technological dynamics of the slaughter poultry chain in Brazil, focusing on leader companies that participate in the input (genetic, medicament and animal nutrition) and processing segments. The consideration of these companies in the study is due to their representative national and international trade flow (in higher levels for processing companies); their importance in terms of trademark and products commercialized in the national market, their growing capacity and expansion in the internal and external markets, etc. That analysis is essential for the comprehension of poultry industry competitiveness in both internal and external markets, since Brazil s participation in world-wide poultry trade has increased. Such Brazilian position is due to several factors, highlighting: the way companies have been accomplishing product and process changes to fulfill international requirements as well as domestic comsumption standards; the way biosafety issues are considered in breeding; and the production cost advantages in relation to international competitors. Thus, it is attempted to analyse the nature of technological innovations adopted in each segment, that is, if they repesent meaningful changes in the whole production basis or if they only reflect in the improvement of existing standards. To do so, the working dynamics and the main agro-industrial agents are analysed, with emphasis to the international technological dynamics and the production and trade standards of the studied national segments. Based on that analysis, it is possible to verify that the Brazilian industry competitiveness is attached not only to technological and market standards, such as production advantages, but also to institutional factors, such as trade barriers, sanitary problems all over the world, among others. It is also analysed specific elements of technological dynamics, such as sources of internal and external information for innovation, means of companies technological learning, knowledge and techonology transfer mechanisms for innovation, in order to characterize companies technology strategies. That analysis was firstly accomplished for each company of the sample, which has resulted in an aggregate analysis for input and processing segments. Through those studies, it was possible to evidence that the evaluated segments have been developing important technological incremental innovations, as a result not only of external knowledge absorption by companies, but also of internal efforts of making available resources for R&D, new techonology development, difusion of internally created technologies to other companies of the group (in the case of multinational firms). Mainly, it was possible to evidence that such information and technology exchange does not occur isolatedly, but through an innovation net - among companies and other market agents - as a way of cutting off R&D costs, using relevant knowledge from public research agencies and also decreasing product launch-time.
Preparação e caracterização de filmes de platina metálica preparados utilizando o método dos precursores poliméricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-03)
Freitas Sobrinho, Renato Garcia de
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5262842566597142
In this work we present the preparation and characterization of Pt electrodes deposited onto Ti, obtained by the polymeric precursor method. This route is based on the dissolution of hexachloride platinum acid (H2PtCl6.7H2O) and citric acid in ethylene glycol at different molar ratios. In order to measure the effect of the preparation variables on the electrode surface areas a factorial design 23 was used. We observed the formation of a Pt metallic film, which is uncommon using this procedure. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of Pt pattern peaks. Besides, it was observed the presence of the 420 plane in a higher intensity compared to bulk Pt, this indicate orientation. The voltametric profile of Ti/Pt and Pt bulk was the same. The electrocatalytical behavior for methanol oxidation in Ti/Pt showed an enhancement of the oxidation current density peak, which increased by 165,5% compared to bulk Pt. Otherwise, the current density peak for ethanol oxidation on Ti/Pt is smaller than on Pt. But in this case the reaction starts 0.11 V more negative than the same process on the bulk Pt. In a second stage, Ti/RuO2(x)Pt(1-x) electrodes were prepared to study the electrocatalytical behavior of the system. Electrochemical experiments showed that the catalytic activity of the mixed electrodes with 87.5 mol % of RuO2 toward methanol oxidation is higher than Ti/Pt.
Organização dos produtores para a comercialização da laranja: o caso do pool de produtos de Matão-SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-07)
Castilho, Flaviane Tavanti
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
This paper presents a study about a group of orange producers whose purpose is the sale of the production to a processing industry. It is necessary to analyse the strategies adopted by small orange procucers from Matão-SP. The objective is to characterize the performance of this group regarding to the trade of the fruit with the industries. The specific objectives of the research consist in identify the reasons for the group formation and their permanence in the informality, as well as to see if the commercialization of the production made through pool is advantageous to the producers, and to identify how the relations are established among the group during the period of orange production and commercialization. The methodology used was the qualitative research and the case study, and the procedure adopted to the search of the information were interviews with the producers. The hypotesis is that the commercialization of the orange made through pool is more advantageous economically when it is made alone. It was seen that the analysed pool doesn t influence the prices, like that, the organization through pool isn´t advantageous in financial terms, but it presents benefits in terms of behavior, because the producer feels better and safer before industry, because he is delegating to the group leader the function of commercialize his production. Considering the results, it´s possible to say that the hytpotesis was confirmed because the commercialization through pool brings economic advantages to the producer, but benefits him in other aspects like representation and security during negotiation. Key-words: citriculture, pools of producers, small producers, commercialization, action in groups.
A inserção da responsabilidade social do setor bancário no contexto da governança corporativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-08)
Sartore, Marina de Souza
;
Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7935836189977378
The banking sector was one of the brazilian economy s sector which most provoked unemployment in the beggining of the 90s. At the same decade, it was possible to see, in the economic and social scenery, the rise of corporate social responsibilitty s practices in which the social actions, aiming the workers are included. The relation between the social and the capital is a discussion that crosses centuries and it is always presented as a contradictory relation. This research aims to understand if the contradition between the social (represented by the corporate social responsibilities practices) and the capital does exist by analysing the bankers discourse. The analysis of the social reports and interviews were necessary to reach this objective. The results obtained demonstrate that, the social logic implanted in the corporate social responsibilities practices inserts itself in the financial social logic of corporative governance, opening ways to a financial sociology s approach in the banking sector.
Efeitos do peso adicional nos chutes espontâneos de lactentes nos primeiros dois meses de vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Landgraf, Jocelene de Fátima
;
Tudella, Eloisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
This study aimed to characterize the spontaneous kicking patterns in 1-and-2-monthold infants, as well as verify whether the extra weight of 1/10 and 1/3 of the leg mass can modify such patterns. Eight infants were longitudinally recorded in supine at 1 and 2 months of age. The experiment lasted six minutes and twenty seconds, and was subdivided into five conditions: (1) training: the examiner put the infants right foot, then their left foot, and finally their feet simultaneously on a board three times running in order to make them raise the board and start the mobile. (2) Baseline: while kicking, the infants used their feet to raise the board and start the mobile; (3) Extra Weight 1: the same as the baseline condition, but with the weight of 1/10 of the leg mass on the ankle; (4) Extra Weight 2: The same as the baseline condition, but with the weight of 1/3 of the leg mass on the ankle; (5) Post-weight: the same as the baseline condition. Frequency of kicking, frequency of feet contact with the board when starting the mobile, uni and bipodal movements, and lateralization were verified by analyzing the images. In order to analyze intralimb coordination pattern, kicking duration, mean velocity, and straightness index, the kinematic analysis was applied by using the Dvideow System 6.3. The Chi-Square test indicated a significant increase in the frequency of kicking at 2 months and in the conditions of extra weight 1 and postweight. The frequency of feet-contact with the board decreased in the condition of extra weight 2, and increased at 2 months. Unilateral kicking was predominant in all the conditions and ages, and infants showed no preference for either leg. The Kruskal- Wallis test indicated no significant differences in the intralimb coordination pattern among the conditions or ages. However, hip-knee correlation was shown to be high, indicating that these articulations are in-phase when kicking. The ANOVA for repeated measures showed no significant differences in kicking duration, mean velocity, and straightness index. In summary, kinematic variables were not altered with extra weight or increased age. Therefore, it is possible to suggest that the infants changed the frequency of kicking at 1 and 2 months of age due probably to intrinsic factors (e.g. increased mass and muscle strength, infants behavioral state, maturation of the Central Nervous System) and extrinsic factors (e.g. interest in interacting with the environment and performing the proposed tasks). Furthermore, the infants spontaneous kicking was influenced by the stimulation of the proprioceptive system when bearing the extra weight of 1/10 of their leg mass.
Efeitos de um programa de atividade física e do laser de baixa intensidade no fêmur de ratas osteopênicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Renno, Ana Cláudia Muniz
;
Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-power laser therapy (LLLT), infrared 830 nm, used in two doses, on femora of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Background data: Osteoporosis has recently been recognized as a major public health problem. Based on the stimulatory effects of LLLT on proliferation of bone cells, we hypothesized that LLLT would be efficient to improve bone mass in OVX rats. Methods: It was used 60 females animals, divided into 6 groups: sham-operated control (SC), OVX control (OC); sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 120 J.cm-2 (I120), OVX irradiated with the dose of 120 J.cm-2 (O120); sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 60 J.cm-2 (I60) and OVX irradiated with the dose of 60 J.cm-2(O60). Animals were operated at the age of 90 day-old. Laser irradiation initiated 8 weeks after operation and it was performed 3 times a week, during 2 months. Femora were submitted to a biomechanical test and to a physical properties evaluation. Results:Maximal load of O120 did not show difference when compared with SC and I120 and it was higher than the O60 group. Wet weight, dry weight and bone volume of O60 and O120 did not show any difference when compared with SC. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that LLLT had beneficial effects on established osteopenia in OVX rats, mainly at the dose of 120 J.cm-2. However, further studies are needed to investigate the effects of different parameters, wavelengths and sessions of applications on OVX rats.
Modelo de referência para estruturar o programa de qualidade seis sigma: proposta e avaliação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Santos, Adriana Barbosa
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Martins, Manoel Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
With the growth of customer demand level, at last two decades it appeared quality improvement approach focusing customer satisfaction as the way to the organizations improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their processes. Though this, to get their aim, it was necessary broke some paradigms; to stimulate creativity; to innovate; to intensify the effort to reduce processes variation; and above all to assume customer satisfaction in all operations as a priority. Six Sigma approach has been solidifying as an efficient alternative to organizational growth on the strength of quality levels elevation. But, how can we define Six Sigma? Making a theoretical and conceptual research several definitions founded in literature were rescued and examined with purpose to compose a broader definition which translates better Six Sigma meaning. About structure of Six Sigma Quality Program (PQSS), this thesis became as a link between theory and practice when it aided others theories to Six Sigma context and when it used empirical subsidies to identify and evaluate the essential components to structure the PQSS. The empirical subsidies were obtained from qualitative research (case studies) involving four Brazilian subsidiaries of American multinational companies. After to analyze the empirical evidences, it was possible to formalize a set of arguments to purpose a Reference Model to structure the PQSS. This model is sustained by the followings components: strategic orientation; statistical thinking; performance measurement; Six Sigma methodology; and people graduation and qualification. To evaluate the Reference Model it was developed a quantitative research based in Green belts, Black belts and Master Black belts information. Statistical results showed that each one of these components has a meaningful relevance to compose the minimal structure to the PQSS. As principal conclusions this thesis highlights: (1) the PQSS as an integrator program of strategic and operational objectives; (2) strategic orientation and alignment are fundamental to define Six Sigma projects; (3) the use of performance measures increases the potential of Six Sigma projects; (4) its not clear for many specialists that statistical thinking is a background to PQSS; (5) Six Sigma projects are catalysts of a system which uses these projects to reflect it strategic orientation and customer focus importance to get measurable results; and (6) the Reference Model can be valid and can be utilized to structure or re-structure the PQSS implementation.
Comparação entre diferentes metodologias para detecção do limiar de anaerobiose durante exercício físico em cicloergômetro de homens saudáveis e com infarto do miocárdio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Novais, Luciana Duarte
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
The objectives of this study were: to determine AT of healthy (HI) and coronary disease (CD) men by ventilatory visual method (gold standard) and by means of Hinkley statistical method applied to heart rate (HR), carbon dioxide output ( CO2) and surface electromyography (sEMG) root mean square (RMS) data, and to compare both methods in each studied group; to evaluate and to compare the heart rate variability (HRV) responses in resting supine and sitting positions in HI and CD groups; to compare the responses of cardiopulmonary and muscle variables between HI and CD groups at effort peak and at anaerobic threshold (AT); to correlate HRV indexes obtained in resting conditions to oxygen uptake ( O2) obtained at AT and at effort peak. Twenty middle-aged men were studied (10 HI and 10 CD), during three protocols: I) Cardiologic and clinical evaluations; II) Resting conditions: HR and R-R intervals (R-Ri, in ms) were collected during 900s in supine and sitting positions; III) Ergoespirometric test: the protocol consisted of 1 resting min, 4 min of warm-up and 15W/min increments until physical exhaustion or reaching maximum HR predicted by age. The ventilatory and metabolic variables were collected on a breath-by-breath basis, HR was collected on a beat-to-beat basis and vastus lateralis sEMG signal was collected all over the test. For the analysis of resting conditions (PII) RMSSD index of R-Ri (ms) was used for time domain data analysis; for frequency domain analysis, an auto-regressive model was used to obtain very low (VLF), low (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands; LF and HF bands were expressed as absolute and normalized units and as the LF/HF ratio. No statistically significant (p>0.05) interaction was found among the different groups and studied positions. In the exercise condition (PIII) AT determination was realized by gold standard method, identifying the loss of parallelism between O2 and CO2 responses, and by means of Hinkley statistical model applied to CO2, HR and sEMG RMS index, and the two methods were compared. The cardiopulmonary and muscles variables values at AT (gold standard) and at maximum effort were compared between the two studied groups. No significant differences were found among the different AT determination methods. In inter-groups analysis, significant differences were found in O2 (mlO2/kg/min), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen ( E/ O2) and for carbon dioxide ( E/ CO2) values at AT and at maximum effort and in O2 (ml/min) values at maximum effort. We found weak and median correlations between HRV indexes obtained in resting conditions and O2 obtained at AT and at effort peak. Although HRV is an important index of heart rate autonomic modulation evaluation, we concluded that we cannot use it to estimate aerobic power and capacity of these subjects, due to the weak correlations. IM individuals presented lower aerobic power and capacity in comparison to SA individuals, and the statistical model studied showed to be effective for determining AT in both groups age- and diseaseindependently, which allows the safe prescription of physical activity for healthy individuals as for individuals with old myocardial infarction.