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Desenvolvimento de produtos em pequenas e médias empresas de base tecnológica: práticas de gestão no setor de automação de controle de processos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-02)
Jugend, Daniel
;
Silva, Sérgio Luis da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4164265591178698
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068042414626399
Proficiency in management activities undertaken in product development processes is regarded as a key competitive advantage for companies, particularly for small andm medium sized technology-based firms that have the offering of high-tech products as their main market differential factor. Considering this context, and based on a surveystyle research, the present study aims to promote an analysis of the practices carried out in the management of product development processes of small and medium sized technology-based companies of process control automation. Among the main results observed, it was verified that the most important source of innovation for these firms is the application of their internally developed technology into their own products. Furthermore, the management techniques incorporated in the project and predevelopment phases, especially those implemented to obtain the product characteristics, the synchrony between the company strategy and projects, and the adequate translation of market demands into products, compose the major factors related to the success of each firm s production, according to the research accomplished in the present study.
Dinâmica tecnológica da cadeia de frango de corte no Brasil: análise dos segmentos de insumos e processamento.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-02)
Santini, Giuliana Aparecida
;
Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
This work tries to analyse technological dynamics of the slaughter poultry chain in Brazil, focusing on leader companies that participate in the input (genetic, medicament and animal nutrition) and processing segments. The consideration of these companies in the study is due to their representative national and international trade flow (in higher levels for processing companies); their importance in terms of trademark and products commercialized in the national market, their growing capacity and expansion in the internal and external markets, etc. That analysis is essential for the comprehension of poultry industry competitiveness in both internal and external markets, since Brazil s participation in world-wide poultry trade has increased. Such Brazilian position is due to several factors, highlighting: the way companies have been accomplishing product and process changes to fulfill international requirements as well as domestic comsumption standards; the way biosafety issues are considered in breeding; and the production cost advantages in relation to international competitors. Thus, it is attempted to analyse the nature of technological innovations adopted in each segment, that is, if they repesent meaningful changes in the whole production basis or if they only reflect in the improvement of existing standards. To do so, the working dynamics and the main agro-industrial agents are analysed, with emphasis to the international technological dynamics and the production and trade standards of the studied national segments. Based on that analysis, it is possible to verify that the Brazilian industry competitiveness is attached not only to technological and market standards, such as production advantages, but also to institutional factors, such as trade barriers, sanitary problems all over the world, among others. It is also analysed specific elements of technological dynamics, such as sources of internal and external information for innovation, means of companies technological learning, knowledge and techonology transfer mechanisms for innovation, in order to characterize companies technology strategies. That analysis was firstly accomplished for each company of the sample, which has resulted in an aggregate analysis for input and processing segments. Through those studies, it was possible to evidence that the evaluated segments have been developing important technological incremental innovations, as a result not only of external knowledge absorption by companies, but also of internal efforts of making available resources for R&D, new techonology development, difusion of internally created technologies to other companies of the group (in the case of multinational firms). Mainly, it was possible to evidence that such information and technology exchange does not occur isolatedly, but through an innovation net - among companies and other market agents - as a way of cutting off R&D costs, using relevant knowledge from public research agencies and also decreasing product launch-time.
Preparação e caracterização de filmes de platina metálica preparados utilizando o método dos precursores poliméricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-03)
Freitas Sobrinho, Renato Garcia de
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5262842566597142
In this work we present the preparation and characterization of Pt electrodes deposited onto Ti, obtained by the polymeric precursor method. This route is based on the dissolution of hexachloride platinum acid (H2PtCl6.7H2O) and citric acid in ethylene glycol at different molar ratios. In order to measure the effect of the preparation variables on the electrode surface areas a factorial design 23 was used. We observed the formation of a Pt metallic film, which is uncommon using this procedure. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of Pt pattern peaks. Besides, it was observed the presence of the 420 plane in a higher intensity compared to bulk Pt, this indicate orientation. The voltametric profile of Ti/Pt and Pt bulk was the same. The electrocatalytical behavior for methanol oxidation in Ti/Pt showed an enhancement of the oxidation current density peak, which increased by 165,5% compared to bulk Pt. Otherwise, the current density peak for ethanol oxidation on Ti/Pt is smaller than on Pt. But in this case the reaction starts 0.11 V more negative than the same process on the bulk Pt. In a second stage, Ti/RuO2(x)Pt(1-x) electrodes were prepared to study the electrocatalytical behavior of the system. Electrochemical experiments showed that the catalytic activity of the mixed electrodes with 87.5 mol % of RuO2 toward methanol oxidation is higher than Ti/Pt.
Organização dos produtores para a comercialização da laranja: o caso do pool de produtos de Matão-SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-07)
Castilho, Flaviane Tavanti
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
This paper presents a study about a group of orange producers whose purpose is the sale of the production to a processing industry. It is necessary to analyse the strategies adopted by small orange procucers from Matão-SP. The objective is to characterize the performance of this group regarding to the trade of the fruit with the industries. The specific objectives of the research consist in identify the reasons for the group formation and their permanence in the informality, as well as to see if the commercialization of the production made through pool is advantageous to the producers, and to identify how the relations are established among the group during the period of orange production and commercialization. The methodology used was the qualitative research and the case study, and the procedure adopted to the search of the information were interviews with the producers. The hypotesis is that the commercialization of the orange made through pool is more advantageous economically when it is made alone. It was seen that the analysed pool doesn t influence the prices, like that, the organization through pool isn´t advantageous in financial terms, but it presents benefits in terms of behavior, because the producer feels better and safer before industry, because he is delegating to the group leader the function of commercialize his production. Considering the results, it´s possible to say that the hytpotesis was confirmed because the commercialization through pool brings economic advantages to the producer, but benefits him in other aspects like representation and security during negotiation. Key-words: citriculture, pools of producers, small producers, commercialization, action in groups.
A inserção da responsabilidade social do setor bancário no contexto da governança corporativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-08)
Sartore, Marina de Souza
;
Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7935836189977378
The banking sector was one of the brazilian economy s sector which most provoked unemployment in the beggining of the 90s. At the same decade, it was possible to see, in the economic and social scenery, the rise of corporate social responsibilitty s practices in which the social actions, aiming the workers are included. The relation between the social and the capital is a discussion that crosses centuries and it is always presented as a contradictory relation. This research aims to understand if the contradition between the social (represented by the corporate social responsibilities practices) and the capital does exist by analysing the bankers discourse. The analysis of the social reports and interviews were necessary to reach this objective. The results obtained demonstrate that, the social logic implanted in the corporate social responsibilities practices inserts itself in the financial social logic of corporative governance, opening ways to a financial sociology s approach in the banking sector.
Efeitos do peso adicional nos chutes espontâneos de lactentes nos primeiros dois meses de vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Landgraf, Jocelene de Fátima
;
Tudella, Eloisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
This study aimed to characterize the spontaneous kicking patterns in 1-and-2-monthold infants, as well as verify whether the extra weight of 1/10 and 1/3 of the leg mass can modify such patterns. Eight infants were longitudinally recorded in supine at 1 and 2 months of age. The experiment lasted six minutes and twenty seconds, and was subdivided into five conditions: (1) training: the examiner put the infants right foot, then their left foot, and finally their feet simultaneously on a board three times running in order to make them raise the board and start the mobile. (2) Baseline: while kicking, the infants used their feet to raise the board and start the mobile; (3) Extra Weight 1: the same as the baseline condition, but with the weight of 1/10 of the leg mass on the ankle; (4) Extra Weight 2: The same as the baseline condition, but with the weight of 1/3 of the leg mass on the ankle; (5) Post-weight: the same as the baseline condition. Frequency of kicking, frequency of feet contact with the board when starting the mobile, uni and bipodal movements, and lateralization were verified by analyzing the images. In order to analyze intralimb coordination pattern, kicking duration, mean velocity, and straightness index, the kinematic analysis was applied by using the Dvideow System 6.3. The Chi-Square test indicated a significant increase in the frequency of kicking at 2 months and in the conditions of extra weight 1 and postweight. The frequency of feet-contact with the board decreased in the condition of extra weight 2, and increased at 2 months. Unilateral kicking was predominant in all the conditions and ages, and infants showed no preference for either leg. The Kruskal- Wallis test indicated no significant differences in the intralimb coordination pattern among the conditions or ages. However, hip-knee correlation was shown to be high, indicating that these articulations are in-phase when kicking. The ANOVA for repeated measures showed no significant differences in kicking duration, mean velocity, and straightness index. In summary, kinematic variables were not altered with extra weight or increased age. Therefore, it is possible to suggest that the infants changed the frequency of kicking at 1 and 2 months of age due probably to intrinsic factors (e.g. increased mass and muscle strength, infants behavioral state, maturation of the Central Nervous System) and extrinsic factors (e.g. interest in interacting with the environment and performing the proposed tasks). Furthermore, the infants spontaneous kicking was influenced by the stimulation of the proprioceptive system when bearing the extra weight of 1/10 of their leg mass.
Efeitos de um programa de atividade física e do laser de baixa intensidade no fêmur de ratas osteopênicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Renno, Ana Cláudia Muniz
;
Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-power laser therapy (LLLT), infrared 830 nm, used in two doses, on femora of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Background data: Osteoporosis has recently been recognized as a major public health problem. Based on the stimulatory effects of LLLT on proliferation of bone cells, we hypothesized that LLLT would be efficient to improve bone mass in OVX rats. Methods: It was used 60 females animals, divided into 6 groups: sham-operated control (SC), OVX control (OC); sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 120 J.cm-2 (I120), OVX irradiated with the dose of 120 J.cm-2 (O120); sham-operated irradiated with the dose of 60 J.cm-2 (I60) and OVX irradiated with the dose of 60 J.cm-2(O60). Animals were operated at the age of 90 day-old. Laser irradiation initiated 8 weeks after operation and it was performed 3 times a week, during 2 months. Femora were submitted to a biomechanical test and to a physical properties evaluation. Results:Maximal load of O120 did not show difference when compared with SC and I120 and it was higher than the O60 group. Wet weight, dry weight and bone volume of O60 and O120 did not show any difference when compared with SC. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that LLLT had beneficial effects on established osteopenia in OVX rats, mainly at the dose of 120 J.cm-2. However, further studies are needed to investigate the effects of different parameters, wavelengths and sessions of applications on OVX rats.
Modelo de referência para estruturar o programa de qualidade seis sigma: proposta e avaliação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-09)
Santos, Adriana Barbosa
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
With the growth of customer demand level, at last two decades it appeared quality improvement approach focusing customer satisfaction as the way to the organizations improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their processes. Though this, to get their aim, it was necessary broke some paradigms; to stimulate creativity; to innovate; to intensify the effort to reduce processes variation; and above all to assume customer satisfaction in all operations as a priority. Six Sigma approach has been solidifying as an efficient alternative to organizational growth on the strength of quality levels elevation. But, how can we define Six Sigma? Making a theoretical and conceptual research several definitions founded in literature were rescued and examined with purpose to compose a broader definition which translates better Six Sigma meaning. About structure of Six Sigma Quality Program (PQSS), this thesis became as a link between theory and practice when it aided others theories to Six Sigma context and when it used empirical subsidies to identify and evaluate the essential components to structure the PQSS. The empirical subsidies were obtained from qualitative research (case studies) involving four Brazilian subsidiaries of American multinational companies. After to analyze the empirical evidences, it was possible to formalize a set of arguments to purpose a Reference Model to structure the PQSS. This model is sustained by the followings components: strategic orientation; statistical thinking; performance measurement; Six Sigma methodology; and people graduation and qualification. To evaluate the Reference Model it was developed a quantitative research based in Green belts, Black belts and Master Black belts information. Statistical results showed that each one of these components has a meaningful relevance to compose the minimal structure to the PQSS. As principal conclusions this thesis highlights: (1) the PQSS as an integrator program of strategic and operational objectives; (2) strategic orientation and alignment are fundamental to define Six Sigma projects; (3) the use of performance measures increases the potential of Six Sigma projects; (4) its not clear for many specialists that statistical thinking is a background to PQSS; (5) Six Sigma projects are catalysts of a system which uses these projects to reflect it strategic orientation and customer focus importance to get measurable results; and (6) the Reference Model can be valid and can be utilized to structure or re-structure the PQSS implementation.
Comparação entre diferentes metodologias para detecção do limiar de anaerobiose durante exercício físico em cicloergômetro de homens saudáveis e com infarto do miocárdio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Novais, Luciana Duarte
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
The objectives of this study were: to determine AT of healthy (HI) and coronary disease (CD) men by ventilatory visual method (gold standard) and by means of Hinkley statistical method applied to heart rate (HR), carbon dioxide output ( CO2) and surface electromyography (sEMG) root mean square (RMS) data, and to compare both methods in each studied group; to evaluate and to compare the heart rate variability (HRV) responses in resting supine and sitting positions in HI and CD groups; to compare the responses of cardiopulmonary and muscle variables between HI and CD groups at effort peak and at anaerobic threshold (AT); to correlate HRV indexes obtained in resting conditions to oxygen uptake ( O2) obtained at AT and at effort peak. Twenty middle-aged men were studied (10 HI and 10 CD), during three protocols: I) Cardiologic and clinical evaluations; II) Resting conditions: HR and R-R intervals (R-Ri, in ms) were collected during 900s in supine and sitting positions; III) Ergoespirometric test: the protocol consisted of 1 resting min, 4 min of warm-up and 15W/min increments until physical exhaustion or reaching maximum HR predicted by age. The ventilatory and metabolic variables were collected on a breath-by-breath basis, HR was collected on a beat-to-beat basis and vastus lateralis sEMG signal was collected all over the test. For the analysis of resting conditions (PII) RMSSD index of R-Ri (ms) was used for time domain data analysis; for frequency domain analysis, an auto-regressive model was used to obtain very low (VLF), low (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands; LF and HF bands were expressed as absolute and normalized units and as the LF/HF ratio. No statistically significant (p>0.05) interaction was found among the different groups and studied positions. In the exercise condition (PIII) AT determination was realized by gold standard method, identifying the loss of parallelism between O2 and CO2 responses, and by means of Hinkley statistical model applied to CO2, HR and sEMG RMS index, and the two methods were compared. The cardiopulmonary and muscles variables values at AT (gold standard) and at maximum effort were compared between the two studied groups. No significant differences were found among the different AT determination methods. In inter-groups analysis, significant differences were found in O2 (mlO2/kg/min), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen ( E/ O2) and for carbon dioxide ( E/ CO2) values at AT and at maximum effort and in O2 (ml/min) values at maximum effort. We found weak and median correlations between HRV indexes obtained in resting conditions and O2 obtained at AT and at effort peak. Although HRV is an important index of heart rate autonomic modulation evaluation, we concluded that we cannot use it to estimate aerobic power and capacity of these subjects, due to the weak correlations. IM individuals presented lower aerobic power and capacity in comparison to SA individuals, and the statistical model studied showed to be effective for determining AT in both groups age- and diseaseindependently, which allows the safe prescription of physical activity for healthy individuals as for individuals with old myocardial infarction.
Processamento do compósito LDPE/Al proveniente da reciclagem de embalagens cartonadas e desenvolvimento de suas modificações com fibras de madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Cerqueira, Mario Henrique de
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
The urban solid waste problem has been one of the biggest environmental challenges these days. The solution to this problem lies in integrated waste management, the objective is to minimize volumes sent to landfills. Recycling is a big part of this waste management process which involves the reprocessing of materials to obtain alternative uses for these materials in every day life. One of the solid waste materials sent for recycling is the carton package, which is made of paper, polyethylene and aluminum. In conjunction with this, the search for new plastics compounds reinforced with cellulose fibers has been appointed as a market demand, thanks to the high number of possible applications of these materials, for instance, in the car manufacturing industry, civil construction, etc. In this study the modification of the low density polyethylene/aluminum from carton packages reinforced with cellulose fibers is investigated, and the addition of the grafted copolymer with maleic anhydride, acting as a compatibilizer, whose main target is to add value to the material produced, making them more attractive from a market point of view. Grafted copolymer was added to the LDPE/Al composite and the posterior extruded. Cellulose fibers, in different percentages and particle sizes, were mixed with the resulting material from the first extrusion, and the posterior extruded in sheets, with different properties and aspects. After processing, the obtained materials were applied to thermical and mechanical characterization, infrared spectroscopy and surface eletronic microscopy to verify the efficiency of the modifications. This research showed us that by increasing the cellulose fiber percentages in the generated composites incremented mechanical properties and thermical stability in comparison to the original composite, and indicated a subtle action of the compatibilizer in the used experimental conditions.
Avaliação de um programa de comunicação alternativa e ampliada para mães de adolescentes com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Walter, Catia Crivelenti de Figueiredo
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061818490832341
Considering the communication deficit and the behavior desorder as a symptom present in autism, it would be logic to rationalize that these factors are all interconnected. The literature has been showing that families, that have a familiar with autism, have difficulties using the methods of Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) with people with severe communication deficit. Therefore, the objective of this study was to apply and to analyze the effect of an AAC program in the context of a family that has a member with autism. The program named ProCAAF, was applied according to the real necessities of the families to establish an effective communication among their children according to the necessities presente in the family context. The study analyzed the effects of the the AAC application and recorded the communication behavior changes within family members and their children. There were 3 participants in this study: (Pfs), representing mothers and their respective children. (Pas), representing students diagnosed with autism with no verbal communication or functional speech. A multiple probe design accross the Pfs and Pas was employed to verify the the effects of the ProCAAF program and envolved two phases: baseline and intervention. The Pfs performance in the application of the AAC in the family context, was the independent variable of the study and the Pas performance in the utilization of CAA in the family context was the dependent variable. The quantitative data was analyzed through the level of support received from the Pfs during the application of the AAC offered by the researcher and by the performance of the Pfs soliciting their needs and desires utilizing the AAC. The results showed that the Pfs learned how to apply the AAC in the family context and achieved the communication priorities determined previously. Furthermore, significant changes in the communication behavior from the Pas occurred in relation to the request of the items non-present inside the houses and the expression of their feelings such as: pain and homesickness. The qualitative data was analyzed from the answers, which were obtained from a questionnaire applied pre and pos intervention period indicating significant change in relation to the communication ability of the Pas, such as: a reduction of the non desired behavior, clarity in communicative situations, increases in the communicative act. One of the Pas, was able to emit words with communicative function. The study concluded that the use of AAC in a family context corroborated to the benefits in the interpersonal relation with people with autism and it suggested new research and extension of the program in a different context.
Behaviorismo radical e subjetividade.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Lopes, Carlos Eduardo
;
Abib, José Antônio Damásio
In radical behaviorism, subjectivity is studied, generally speaking, in terms of the theory of private events. The theory of private events has its roots in the problem of accessibility in the thesis, that is, that a person has privileged access to certain events that occur under his skin (privacy). If we examine the origins of this thesis, we will find that it reaches radical behaviorism via the paths of dualism and logical positivism (through methodological behaviorism). However, if we interpret radical behaviorism on the basis of a relational metaphysics, the influence of dualism and logical positivism can be overlooked. This opens the possibility that radical behaviorism can do without the theory of private events. Nevertheless, if we abandon the theory of private events, what will be the consequence for of the study of subjectivity? The main objective of this work is to answer this question. Here, we uphold the thesis that the study of subjectivity in radical behaviorism, without reference to the theory of private events, can be fruitfully pursued. This can be achieved through the concepts of body and world , and through the construction of a theory of the self compatible with radical behaviorism. Thus, this work seeks to offer an interpretation of radical behaviorism, based on a relational metaphysics, which separates subjectivity from privacy. This interpretation also considers the possibility of productive dialogues between radical behaviorism and other psychological and philosophical theories (such as James psychology, Gestalttheorie , and analytic philosophy). According to this interpretation, subjectivity is related to the products of discriminative verbal behavior (identified as the I). As this product depends on a verbal community (which arranges discriminative contingencies), subjectivity comes to be considered social. Moreover, the person-verbal community interface renders the defense of a pure subjectivity not viable, as well as that of an unmitigated objectivism. Because of this, radical behaviorism may be capable of deconstructing the objective-subjective debate: these terms are subordinated to the relation of behavior. It is concluded that the radical character of radical behaviorism is not due to its dealing with private events, but to the study of behavior without resorting to non-behavioral instances.
Coordenação da qualidade em cadeias de produção de alimentos: análise de práticas adotadas por grandes empresas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-10)
Monteiro, Simone Borges Simão
;
Toledo, José Carlos de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
In view of the demands established by the market for more adequacy to consumer needs and against the challenging competitiveness worldwide, companies are obliged to offer quality products with competitive prices. The products that arrive in the consumer market are the results of a series of activities in the production and supply chains. The coordination of such activities looks for, among other factors, to improve the quality of products, by means of an improved information flow among the chain links. Thus, this is one of the challenges found in the food production chains. Since coordination is an important factor to assure the quality of a productive chain, and because this is a relatively recent practice, the objective of the present work is to identify the degree of quality coordination in the food production chain, from the analyses of quality practices adopted by large companies in the segment of milk and derivatives, derivates of meat, oil and fat, juice and biscuit , in the sense of main raw-material suppliers and final distributors/consumers. Case studies were chosen as the research method, using semi-structured interview techniques as data collectors, by applying questionnaires in large-sized companies of the food segment previously mentioned, in main raw-material suppliers, as well as distributors and retail. An investigation concerning quality coordination was performed in the chains where such companies are incorporated, thus identifying and analyzing the adopted practices for this coordination As a result of the outcome, recommendations were elaborated to improve the activities of quality coordination in these chains. In a general manner, it is observed that the applied quality practices in retail by the processing companies are incipient, that is, the quality assurance activities are carried out by the processing companies until the center of distribution, and from the moment the products are shipped to retail, the responsibility for preserving quality is transferred to them. A lack of more vigorous activities by the processing companies was observed, in the sense of promoting formal auditing at the sales areas and also more governmental control regulation regarding sanitary aspects in retail, in order to guarantee preservation of the food products. Because refrigerated products are more perishable, they require more quality control than those that are not refrigerated, and, according to the research, these are the products that present more quality practices from and to the chain, with a higher degree of quality coordination.
Condicionantes para inserção de pequenos produtores em canais de distribuição: uma análise das ações coletivas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-13)
Lourenzani, Ana Elisa Bressan Smith
;
Silva, Andrea Lago da
Collective actions are suggested by several authors as an opportunity for small farmers to be included in marketing channels. In this context, this research proposes a model for the analysis of horizontal and vertical collective actions within marketing channels. The model was developed under different theoretical approaches: sociological, economical and managerial. The sociological approach is based on the assumption that the social aspects involved in the formation of a group, such as collective objectives, social capital and equity, are determining aspects of collective action. Economic aspects, which contribute to the establishment of relationships between business partners, comprise mainly transaction cost economics, thus suggesting that cost reduction is the determinant for building cooperative relationships within supply chains. According to the managerial approach, which is based on supply chain management theory, intra- and inter-organizational management and relationships have a synergic effect which improves the performance of the system as a whole. However, several factors of sociological and economic nature, which are complementary to supply chain management theory, must be considered in the process of decision-making. This integration allowed for the identification of causal relation among the conditions that made viable the access of small farmers to marketing channels. For that, a methodological structure led to the development a systemic model, which demonstrated the interrelations among the conditions. The conclusions allowed for the elaboration of recommendations, which can be implemented as innovator systems, aiming shared gains among channel agents. Those are expected to benefit agents through sustainable longterm relationships.
Informática na educação: um recurso para aprendizagem e desenvolvimento profissional de professoras mentoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-16)
Rinaldi, Renata Portela
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
This work of research analyzes the contributions and difficulties of a formative process in computer science for the continued formation and professional development of experienced teachers who act as mentors in a Program of Mentoria on-line, linked to the teachers´ doorway in Federal University of Carlos (UFSCar). The methodological dynamics adopted consisted of a research-intervention of collaborative and constructive nature; for involving a double role, it demarcates the necessity to characterize the two moments of the inquiry: the intervention and the research, even if be shown correlated. The intervention had for objectives to promote pedagogical, technical and theoretical knowledge and the use of the TIC's offering the mentors a common repertoire of knowledge on computer science in the education; to introduce the narratives as instrument of reflection about the collective development and individual professional learning; to assist the mentors in their difficulties with the TIC's and to find strategies to solve them; to help them to reflect it about ' what ', ' how ' and ' why ' they made and what they thought besides being sensible to the affective demands which appeared in process. The research had as objective to analyze the processes of learning and professional development involved in the construction of the base of knowledge on computer science in the education, under the perspective of the mentors. Ten experienced teachers with diverse formative and professional trajectories recognized in the area of the education and for the local community as good professionals participated of the research. The instruments of collections of data were: questionnaire, reflexives notes of the mentors and fieldworks produced by the researcher, filmings and on-line interactions. The analysis of the data indicated that the format of the constructed intervention, collaborating and collectively between mentors and researcher, and developed presencially with continuity in the distance evidenced some contributions and difficulties of the undertaken formative process. It still showed that experienced professional, with knowledge, differentiated formation and professional trajectories can interact and share experiences and knowledge that go incorporating procedurally in the search of solutions for real problems integrating the TIC's in their processes of learning and professional development. However, it was necessary to assist the mentors in context of work, value their deriving knowledge and practical of the professional experience and to promote the joint of knowledge with the TIC's, with theories that helped them to encounter, to reflect, and to purify their experiences and subsequently write about them. It was established between researcher/mentors and mentors/mentors a relational base that enabled the construction of a procedural work saw of ' double hand ´ in which the mentors always acted as co-responsible for the elaboration, development and implementation of the formative process.
Efeitos da clorfeniramina na aprendizagem, memória e ansiedade de teleósteos submetidos à ablação telencefálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-16)
Navega, Flávia Roberta Faganello
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
The teleost telencephalon provides a good opportunity for studying the function of the vertebrate limbic system because it is simple and present homologies to the limbic structure of higher vertebrates, with hippocampus and amygdala. These animals shows only one area of projection to the telencephalon (Ekström et al., 1995), which has been well preserved through evolution (Peitsaro et al., 2003).
Efeitos de três programas de fisioterapia respiratória em portadores de DPOC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17)
Kunikoshita, Luciana Noemi
;
Jamami, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of three respiratory physiotherapy programs constituted by physical training (PT) on a treadmill and/or respiratory muscle training (RMT) on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength (RMS), quality of life (QL), exercise capacity, ventilatory and metabolic variables and dyspnea at rest and during exercise, in patients with COPD, as well as to compare them to subjects of the same age and who have no respiratory disease. Twenty-five patients (68.8±8.3 years old) of both sexes, with moderate-to-severe COPD (FEV1<60% predicted), and ten volunteers who have no respiratory disease of both sexes (67.2±7.4 years old) participated of this study. The patients with COPD were randomized into three groups: the first group (RMTG) underwent 20 minutes sessions of RMT at a resistive load corresponding to 30% of the MIP obtained each week; the second group (PTG) underwent 30 minutes sessions of PT at a work rate corresponding to 70% of the highest heart rate achieved in the symptom-limited cardiorespiratory exercise testing (CRET); and the third group (RMT+PTG) associated 10 minutes of RMT to 15 minutes of PT with the same intensities previously mentioned. All of the programs were constituted by three sessions per week during six consecutive weeks. After treatment, it was observed significant increase of MIP and MEP in RMTG; significant increase of walk distance (WD) in the CRET, decreases of HR and minute ventilation at the same velocity in the CRET after treatment and improvement in the physical capacity domain in the QL questionnaire Short Form 36 (QLQ-SF36) in PTG; and significant increase of MIP, WD in the CRET, decrease of systolic arterial pressure and of blood lactate and improvement of total score of QLQ-SF36 in RMT+PTG. Those findings suggest that the PT associated with RMT seems to be the best alternative among the programs investigated in the present study because as well as providing an evident improvement of exercise capacity and of QL in the patients, it provided an additional effect in the physiological adaptation with better effectiveness in the clearance and/or less production of blood lactate during exercise.
Nanocompósitos à base de MG: processamento, estrutura e propriedades de novos materiais para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17)
Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo
;
Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987
Magnesium is light, abundant and it can store up to 7.6 wt. % of hydrogen forming the hydride MgH2 and therefore it is a promising material for hydrogen storage. However, the H-sorption occurs at relatively high temperatures with slow kinetics. Beside this, Mg and MgH2 surfaces are highly reactive, easily forming oxide or hydroxide layers that lower the level of storage properties. Mg-based nanocomposites have been studied in the last few years to overcome these limitations. The grain size reduction of Mg or MgH2 to the nanometric scale and the addition of catalysts as transition metals or its hydrides can promote fast kinetics at lower temperatures. The formation of a fluorinated layer on Mg surface enhances its stability in the sorption cycles avoiding the usual contamination with oxygen. Reactive milling under H2 atmosphere is one of the processing routes that has been recently investigated for the preparation of Mg-based nanocomposites, and promising results have been obtained. In the present work, the effects of different nanocrystalline additives (MgF2, Fe, NbH0,89, FeF3, VF3) into Mg processed by reactive milling were studied. The aspects analysed in this work were the influence of the additives in MgH2 synthesis during milling and in the desorption behavior. A combined catalytic effect was observed due to the MgF2 and Fe (or NbH0,89) action in MgH2 synthesis during processing. The transition metal fluorides also promote MgH2 synthesis. A fluorine transfer reaction occurs from the fluoride to Mg, generating MgF2 and transition metal (or its hydride) nanoparticles in the mixture. An important catalytic effect of Fe during H-desorption of MgH2 was also observed.
Estratégias pedagógicas inclusivas para crianças com paralisia cerebral na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17)
Gonçalves, Aline Kelly Scalco
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
The school inclusion of students with special educational needs, understood not only as the legal guarantee of the right of attending school but also the permanence and success in the process of education of those students in an ordinary classroom of a regular school, is still an aim which is very distant from the reality of our schools. The educational systems, schools and teachers still face a lot of difficulties in providing the necessary resources in order to guarantee a successful process of school inclusion. One of the difficulties has been the lack of knowledge of the teachers about what they could do to increase participation, ensure access to the curriculum (syllabus) and favor the integration and acceptance of the students with special educational needs in the group. The present study had as its objective to describe and analyze how the process of inclusion of children with Brain Paralysis in Child Education, focusing specifically the pedagogical strategies which are being used to fulfill the needs of those children as to ensure the access and permanence as well as their participation in the activities proposed in classroom. Three teachers of the municipal Elementary School system of Sao Carlos and three children who have Brain Paralysis participated on this study. The study, of qualitative nature, based on ethnographic referential, has involved an outline in three phases. In the first phase, named as preliminary, the ethical procedures which rule the research with human beings have been conducted. In the second phase, the observation and registration of the pedagogical strategies have started, which was carried out in XXX sessions of natural observation of the classroom, registered in a specific protocol and in notes on a field journal. In the third and last phase, it has been carried out the investigation on the perception of the teachers about their own strategies and about the viability of the strategies mentioned in the literature, through individual interview sessions with the three teachers. The data on the observations and interview were interpreted and discussed in the form of reports of the three cases involving each one of the duo teacher-student. Overall, the results have shown that the responses which schools have been giving to the educational needs of children with brain paralysis still seem to be minimal. The most viable possibility seems to be the implementation of diversified teaching strategies, which, however, still depend much more on the good will and competence of the teacher of the regular class. We have also noticed that there is not agreement between what the teachers say they do and what has been observed in their practice as for the pedagogical strategies used with children with brain paralysis; and they do not seem to know how the teaching can be differentiated in order to fulfill their student s needs. There is in general an idea that equality is a principle to be followed. The discussion points to ways to reach improvement on the teaching conditions as to favor the education of this population in inclusive environments.
Efeitos de um programa de treinamento físico em mulheres asmáticas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-02-17)
Silva, Tatiane Lopes Patrocinio da
;
Costa, Dirceu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7541914413496897
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252547091250301
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the lower and upper limb physical training (LLPT), arms muscle training (AMT) associated with and of the respiratory reeducation functional techniques (RFR) on asthmatic patients. The cardiopulmonary function was evaluated before and after the physical training. It was analyzed the Maximal and Submaximal cardiopulmonary test (CPT), the Heart Rate (HR), the dyspnea sensation, ventilatory and metabolic variables, the distance walked in 6 minutes, the variables of the spirometry, the respiratory muscle strength (RMS), though the maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximum expiratory pressures (PEmax), and the toracoabdominal cirtometry. Moreover it was objectified to evaluate the methods of determination of the anaerobic threshold (AT), from the ergoespirometry and lactacidemy. Nine asthmatic patients (GA) and 9 health individuals (GC) were evaluated. The asthmatic patients constituted the treated group and performed the training (PT + AMT +RFR), three times per week, during 12 weeks. The health subjects constituted the control group. The initial evaluation was consisted of an anamnesis, a physical examination, a maximal and submaximal CPT, a Spirometry and a 6WD test. Moreover, they had been submitted still to the measure of toraco-abdominal cirtometry (in the levels axillary, xifoidiano and abdominal), of the PImáx the PEmáx the Blood Pressure (HR and the Saturation of oxygen (SpO2). In the end of the training the patients were reevaluated. The individuals of the GC were submitted to the same evaluation. It was observed a significant reduction in the the values found in the RMS, spirometry, 6WD test, tolerance to exercise and peripheral muscle force (Mann-Whitney) in treated subjects when compared with health subjects. Already the treat groups had presented significant increases of the daily pay for the one after treatment in the values of PImáx and PEmáx, covered distance on 6WD. Moreover, it was observed an in increase in the HR peak, VE, VO2 peak, VCO2 peak, metabolic and ventilatory AT, speed peak, covered distance and in peripheral muscle force. It can be conclude, that the predict equation proposed to evaluate the respiratory muscle strength and covered distance on 6WD test was adequate to provided values of reference for such testes on the volunteers of this study. The 6WD test on treadmill did not differ from the 6WD on corridor and it can be an alternative on the evaluation of asthmatic individuals. The AT determinate by invasive and non-invasive methodology was similar. The association of the AMT, PT and the RFR provided an improvement in the physiological variables analyzed and can promote profits of the cardiorrespiratory performance in asthmatic patients.