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Características estruturais e institucionalização de redes de poder em perspectiva comparada.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-05)
Figueiredo, Jeovan de Carvalho
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
The present study proposal is to advance in the comprehension that it has been called out, in the last years, of Brazilian economy dynamo: the agribusiness. From the conception of policy network, this paper has been sought to determine how the different policy networks in Mato Grosso do Sul s cattle breeding have gotten conformed. For such, it has been undertaken a study of multiple cases. For the milky territorial policy network case, it has been adopted as unit of analysis the political process that resulted on the inclusion of the type C pasteurized milk in the government's State acquisitions of Mato Grosso do Sul, destined to a specific social program, the Programa de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (PSAN) Program of Feeding and Nutritional Security. Therefore, the unit of analysis of beef cattle culture territorial policy network was the Programa de Melhorias na Cadeia Produtiva da Carne - Improvements Program in the Productive Network of Beef, orchestrated by the Serviço de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas de Mato Grosso do Sul (Sebrae/MS) - Support Service to the Mato Grosso do Sul small sized companies (Sebrae/MS). The results indicate that beef cattle culture territorial policy network can be seen as a political community, arrangement in network already well known in the literature, and that the milky policy network, weakly integrated and with multiple participants, it setups another specific type, that approaches the ideal model of diffused network. The results of this study show that the institutional densification in the political community of beef in Mato Grosso do Sul has brought positive results for the network organizations, as the shared use of resources for the training of actors technically deficient. The milky diffused network, then, is composed of actors who get results just limited in the strategic interaction. The ownership of resources, as it is clear, is enlarged when the actors get adapted to the wide institutional context that permeates their activities, letting thus the reference old frames that for decades, guided the decision taking in this agri business.
Sociabilidades respeitadas: a participação dos idosos na implementação da Política Nacional do Idoso no município de São Carlos -SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-05)
Emérito, Jamila Lopes Pereira
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Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3208435983286140
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7759843508112473
This work intended to avaluate the implications of “Old-aged National Politics – PNI” in the city of São Carlos, São paulo, in 2003 and 2004. The participation of technicians and the old-aged themselves in the local construction of this politics was investigated. It was done a qualitative avaluation, because it permitted a close relation among the subject of the research and also a more dense analysis of the social relation of the groups. Quantitative data were used for the analysis done. In order to get the informations, city places of oldaged representation were monitorred in a sistematic way, meanly the groups coordinated by the public manager responsible for PNI city implementation, represented by the city secretary for citzenship and social assistence and the city concil for old-aged, in function of the municipality of the public politics of social inclusion, where is inserted the PNI, according to 1988’s Constitution. It was demonstrated that old-aged en São Carlos – SP still don’t see themselves as constructers of old-aged politcs in the city and that this process is slow, gradual, but in this specific case, progressive. There’s a perception of PNI as a collective right under the obligation of the state. The participation of old-aged in groups organized by local society or the public manager operates initially for individual reasons and their envolvement as constructers of public politics oriented to stablish and reforce citzen’s rights, envolves, among all, the universilization and internalization of information and interation between different generations.
"Periferia é periferia em qualquer lugar?" Antenor Garcia: estudo de uma periferia interiorana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-06)
Ávila, Milene Peixoto
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358156870857557
This work intends to characterize the outskirts of a town which I named "countryside outskirts". Based on researches about the way Antenor Garcia´s inhabitants represent and simbolize the relationship established between their neighborhood, the periphery of Cidade Aracy and City of Sao Carlos I focused on problems as for analysis cathegory.
Treinamento físico no limiar ventilatório e orientação nutricional no tratamento de diabéticas tipo 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-07)
Belli, Taísa
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Silva, Rozinaldo Galdino da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8047342611840826
Análise genética e morfométrica da estrutura populacional do camarão branco Litopenaeus schmitti (Decapoda , Crustacea) na costa do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil: uma abordagem em fina escala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-10)
Luvesuto, Eloize
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The natural populations of the white shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti are being threatened by intensive fishing, habitat destruction and introduction of exotic culture species. This species presents characteristics related to its distribution and life cycle that may lead to the fine-scale structuring of its populations. The results obtained in the present work by biometric and microsatellite analysis indicated the existence of genetic and morphological structure between three populations sampled off the coast of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. This structuring was more pronounced for females than males, observing the significant differentiation between Diogo Lopes x Touros and Diogo Lopes x Baía Formosa. The factors responsible for this differentiation seem to be related to the habitat and life cycle of the shrimp and the ocean currents. No population was in the Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to the significant heterozygote deficit (FIS=0,212, p<0,05). The assignment tests indicated a larger inflow of migrants in the Baía Formosa Diogo Lopes direction, a probable result of the Brazilian Northern Current and the Brazilian North Undercurrent. When the allelic richness and number of private alleles were compared, it was seen that Diogo Lopes and Touros presented similar and significantly larger values than those of Baía Formosa, corroborating the situation of the estuaries that influences each of these populations. The Mantel test did not show isolation by distance, indicating that the populational structure found is due to genetic and genotypic differences. The results obtained in the present work show for the first time that Brazilian shrimp populations may be genetically distinct even with small geographic distances, reinforcing the particular role of estuaries in the maintenance of this genetic diversity.
Alfabetização de adultos na perspectiva de educandos: experiências pessoais e sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-15)
Garcia, Stella de Lourdes
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1903278004759421
The objective of this work was to identify and to analyze which personal and social experiences are relating to the beginning of reading and writing learning, in the perspective of adult learners. This is a qualitative inquiry, whose search involved the accomplishment of interviews half-structuralized with six learners, that they had been part in 2003 of the Program of Alphabetization, Brasil Alfabetizado , implanted in the city of São Carlos - SP, Brazil, in which we act as educator. In our theoretical referential we present the characterization of the informational society, some inequalities configured in its interior and we argue the direction of the critical alphabetization in Paulo Freires s and others authors perspective, as Henry Giroux and Ramón Flecha. We analysed the content of the interviews, the personal and social experiences in the interior of the illiteracy had been classified as no dialogic experiences, therefore they disabled the social interchange and limited learners in the personal sphere. The reading and writing learning allowed positive experiences in the personal and social sphere, making possible the recovery of self-confidence of adult learners and the transformation of some of the situations of oppression lived deeply by learners, because to learn reading and writing means the appropriation of an instrument that allows the intervention in the reality. However, we emphasize the necessity of an alphabetization practice that consider both reading of the world and reading of the word , that they privilege the dialectic between the instrumental and communicative dimension, as important stage of the social transformation, that it is only become fullfilled in communion, in dialogue. The learners also interviewed had offered reflections for educators, as well as for the elaboration of public politics in the Alphabetization and Education of Adults areas.
Ponderação de modelos com aplicação em regressão logística binária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-18)
Brocco, Juliane Bertini
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Candolo, Cecília
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9942864590854913
This work consider the problem of how to incorporate model selection uncertainty into statistical inference, through model averaging, applied to logistic regression. It will be used the approach of Buckland et. al. (1997), that proposed an weighed estimator to a parameter common to all models in study, where the weights are obtained by information criteria or bootstrap method. Also will be applied bayesian model averaging as shown by Hoeting et. al. (1999), where posterior probability is an average of the posterior distributions under each of the models considered, weighted by their posterior model probability. The aim of this work is to study the behavior of the weighed estimator, both, in the classic approach and in the bayesian, in situations that consider the use of binary logistic regression, with foccus in prediction. The known model-choice selection method Stepwise will be considered as form of comparison of the predictive performance in relation to model averaging.
Estudo das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos das Represas do Monjolinho e do Fazzari no campus da UFSCar, município de São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-20)
Fusari, Lívia Maria
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Gessner, Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8465752836529703
The objective of this study was to analyze the macroinvertebrate benthic communities in two small reservoirs, Monjolinho Reservoir and Fazzari Reservoir, both are localized in the campus of the Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos city, São Paulo state, but they are on different anthropogenic disturbance. The samplings were carried out during the dry (April June) ant the wet (November December) seasons in 2004. In each dams the sampling were collected in 12 points random. At each site, three sampling units were taken with an Eckman-Birge sampler. Also were determinate more three sampling points at upstream in Monjolinho and Fazzari streams. Several physical and chemical variables were measured at each site and the means calculated to every season. Differents metrics were applied to compare the macroinvertebrate communities between the reservoirs. The analyses indicate that, overall, community persistent is correlated with the state environmental of each reservoir. The macroinvertebrate benthic community in Monjolinho reservoir was characterized by tolerant species dominant like Chironomus sp and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, they are very commons in trophic systems. In the other side in Fazzari reservoir, the no tolerant species (Chaoboridae and Campsurus sp) were dominants, this is an indication that the system is oligotrophic.
Determinação de fontes de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos e alifáticos em sedimentos de ambientes aquáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-20)
Yamada, Thaís Mariana
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Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
Numerical values of polycyclic aromatic hydrocabons and n-alkanes distribution indexes of sediments are important tools to elucidate the origins of hydrocarbons mixtures. Polycyclic aromatic ratios are sensitive indicators of petrogenic and pyrogenic inputs, while n-alkanes distribution usualy discriminates biogenic from petrogenic sources. The study area of this work includes the Ibirité Reservoir and it´s tributaries, located in the Belo Horizonte metropolitan area, a site strongly affected by a petroleum refinary from Petrobras, but where an important industrial park is also present. Sampling was carried out in November 2005, at 12 stations located on Ibirité Reservoir, Pintados and Ibirité streams. The sediment samples were extracted in ultrasonic bath, purified in chromatographic columns and analysed by GC/MS. The studied compounds were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, normal and isoprenoids alkanes. The total concentrations varied from 33.66 to 772.61 ng g-1. Despite of these low concentration values as compared to other aquatic environment, the Ibirité Reservoir showed strong inflluence from anthropic activities, reflected on petrogenic and pyrogenic hydrocarbons mixtures. The biogenic hydrocarbons, mainly derived from aquatic and terretrial higher plants, also showed its contribution as a result of algal blooms and extensive aquatic macrophyte banks typically found in the reservoir. Besides, the presence of unresolved complex mixtures in all chromatograms, points out to a significant contribution of petrogenic sources. Contamination of some sediment sample detectect in this study by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons migth suggest that occasional adverse effects to the organisms in this water body may occur. The sampling station of Taboões I stream was the only one site that petrogenic controbuition was not detected. However, the site that was considered as a reference site, showed that it suffers, already, influences from burned fossil fuel from industries and automobiles from the nearby Belo Horizonte metropolitan area.
Efeitos do exercício físico moderado e da suplementação da dieta com vitamina C no crescimento e no metabolismo de matrinxã, Brycon cephalus (Günter, 1869) (Teleostei:Characidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-20)
Oba, Eliane Tie
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Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
Moderate exercise training is known to enhance fish appetite, feed conversion efficiency and growth rate. This type of exercise raises the hematocrit, thus blood hemoglobin concentration and the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. This allows that less blood needed to be diverted away from the gut to supply aerobic metabolism in the muscles. Continuously swimming fish show lowered circulating levels of stress hormones (like cortisol) and this represents an energy saving and permits higher fish growth rate, with more homogenous body size. All aerobic living forms have defenses against reactive oxygen species. Oxygen consumption can increase with exercise training and this result in a higher production of reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants, like vitamin C, in the diet can reduce the disease risks and the oxidative damage by the reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to verify growth and oxidative metabolism of matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, after moderate and continuous exercise training (speed 1 2 BL.s-1) and after fed with vitamin C supplemented diet (432 mg AA.kg dieta-1). Matrinxãs were divided into four groups: Control (submitted to diet without vitamin C supplementation and to sedentarism), Vit.C (submitted to diet with vitamin C supplementation and to sedentarism), Exe (submitted to diet without vitamin C supplementation and to exercise training) and Vit.C+Exe (submitted to diet with vitamin C supplementation and to exercise training), during 60 and 90 days. After these treatments, matrinxãs were anesthetized and blood samples were collected with heparinized needles and syringes by caudal vein puncture. Fish were sacrificed by vertebral section, weighed and lengthened. Liver, white and red muscle and heart were collected for the biochemistry analysis. Plasma cortisol levels, liver vitamin C concentration, intermediary metabolite levels (glucose, glycogen, lactate, pyruvate and ammonia) and oxidative stress indicators (lipid hydroperoxide, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) were measured. The exercise training increased growth rate of matrinxãs indicated by the condition factor and the maintenance of the liver glycogen levels and the higher muscle protein concentration. This moderate swimming exercise raised the hematocrit of matrinxãs and lowered the plasma cortisol levels. The vitamin C supplemented diet enhanced hepatic levels of this vitamin. This supplementation did not permit the increase of growth rate, however it reduced the lipid peroxidation levels. Exercise and vitamin C supplemented diet associated were responsible for the maintenance lipid peroxidation and antioxidants enzymes levels. After 90 days of experiment period, the group Vit.C+Exe showed similar growth and condition factor to the group Exe. The moderate exercise training with vitamin C supplemented diet increased the growth and the survive rates of matrinxãs, B. cephalus, due to the some alterations on the metabolism, improving the fish condition and favoring the fisheries production.
Ativação do subtipo de receptor 5-HT1A do núcleo paraventricular do hipotálamo sobre a ingestão de água e sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-20)
Villa, Patrícia de Souza
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Camargo, Luiz Antonio de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9899442765636817
Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) has an important role in the hydroeletrolytic balance and it also participates in the regulation of water and sodium intake. Recent researches described the presence of 5-HT1 receptors in the central nervous system, standing out the subtypes 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C and 5-HT1D. The receptor 5-HT1A was one of the firsts to be identified and it is found in the somatodendritic and pos-synaptic forms. It has been showed the participation of PVN 5-HT1A receptor in the hydroeletrolytic balance. Therefore, the aim of this study was: a) To investigate the effects of bilateral injections of serotonin (5-HT) in the PVN about water intake induced by water deprivation and water and 1.8% NaCl intake induced by sodium depletion; b) To investigate the effects of 8-OH-DPAT injection, an 5-HT1A agonist, in the PVN about water intake induced by water deprivation and water and 1.8% NaCl intake induced by sodium depletion; c) To investigate the action of pMPPF, an 5-HT1A antagonist, into the PVN on the effects of 5-HT and 8-OH-DPAT on the water and 1.8% NaCl intake. Holtzman rats (280-320 g) were submitted to the implant of cannulas bilaterally in the PVN. For the implant, the animals were adapted to a stereotaxic apparatus. Using the bregma, introduction points of the stainless steel cannulas were identified according to the coordinates: 1.8 mm caudal to bregma, 0.6 mm lateral to the midline and 5.0 mm below dura mater. 5-HT injections (10, 20, 40 and 50 µg/ 0,2 µl) in the PVN reduced the water intake (13.4±2.0; 12.6±1.3; 12.9±1.0 and 9.0±2.9 ml/ 30 min vs. sal: 18.4±0.8 ml/ 30 min, respectively, n = 6-8) and the doses 10 and 20 µg/ 0.2 µl reduced the 1.8% NaCl intake (7.9 ± 3.0 and 9.0 ± 2.1 ml/ 30 min, respectively, vs. sal: 17.7 ± 1.8 ml/ 30 min, n = 7). 8-OH-DPAT injections (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 µg/ 0.2 µl) in the PVN reduced the water intake (15.4 ± 1.3; 14.8 ± 1.2 and 14.2 ± 0.9 ml/ 120 min vs. sal: 19.1 ± 1.0 ml/ 120 min, n = 10) and the doses 2.5 µg and 5 µg also reduced 1.8% NaCl intake (12.4 ± 2.7 ml/ 60 min vs. sal: 19.3 ± 1.0 ml/ 60 min; 12.2 ± 1.8 ml/ 120 min vs. sal: 20.0 ± 1.0 ml/ 120 min, respectively, n = 9). pMPPF bilateral injections (5-HT1A antagonist) preview to 8-OH-DPAT injections have completely blocked the inhibitory effect over water intake (sal + DPAT: 13.8 ± 1.1 ml/ 90 min vs. pMPPF + DPAT: 16.4 ± 1.1 ml/ 90 min, n = 12) and 1.8% NaCl (sal + DPAT: 11.4 ± 2.9 ml/ 30 min vs. pMPPF + DPAT: 17.6 ± 1.7 ml/ 30 min, n = 8). 5-HT1A antagonist partially reduced the inhibitory effect of 5-HT on water intake induced by water deprivation (sal+5-HT: 5.9±1.6 ml/ 30 min vs. pMPPF+5-HT: 12.3±1.1 ml/ 30 min, n=12) as well as on sodium intake induced by sodium depletion (sal+5-HT: 2.8±1.3 ml/ 30 min vs. pMPPF+5-HT: 12.3±1.9 ml/ 30 min, n=15). Our results demonstrate the presence of serotonergic mechanisms in PVN inhibiting water and sodium intake and also the participation of pos-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors on water intake control induced by water deprivation and on sodium intake induced by sodium depletion, and that this receptor doesn t have a tonic inhibitory effect. This work also showed others subtypes serotonergic PVN receptors participating in the dipsogenesis and natriorexigenesis control.
Preparação e aplicação de óxidos tipo perovskita La1-xCexNiO3 e La1-xCaxNiO3 para obtenção de gás de síntese a partir do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-20)
Lima, Sania Maria de
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
Catalysts precursors with perovskite structure like La1-xCexNiO3 ( x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.4 ,0.7) and La1-xCaxNiO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8) have been prepared by three different methods: precipitation, citrate and citrate with successive additions. The loss of mass and structure transformations during the calcination were studied by thermogravimetric and thermodifferential analysis; the calcined samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurements (BET method), temperature-programmed reduction, thermogravimetric analysis in H2 atmosphere, temperature-programmed desorption of oxygen, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and sequential pulse experiments with CH4/O2/CH4. The catalysts were tested in CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of methane. After the tests, the catalysts surface was studied by scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis in oxidant atmosphere. Small quantities of NiO were observed together the perovskite structure even for x = 0 in the solids prepared by all the synthesis methods. In the Ce-La series with x ≥ 0.05 were also identified CeO2 and La2NiO4; the perovskite structure formation for x = 0.7 was not observed. For the samples containing Ca with x ≥ 0.1, in addition to the perovskite structure, was observed NiO and La2NiO4; when x ≥ 0.3 an additional CaO phase was identified. However, in these samples, the perovskite structure was still observed even with high Ca contents. The reaction results of CO2 reforming of methane showed that the Cecatalysts prepared by citrate route presented Ni particles smaller and with better dispersion than the catalysts obtained by precipitation. This was evidenced by the higher resistance to carbon formation. Among these catalysts, the La0.95Ce0.05NiO3 was the most promising because it was the most active and resistant to carbon formation. This carbon deposition resistance was due to the predominance of perovskite structure that resulted in higher dispersion of nickel particles and also to the presence of the incorporated cerium that increased its stability. The Ce containing catalysts obtained by the two citrate methods deactivated during the partial oxidation of methane due to the oxidation of active Ni fractions. These oxide sites favored the CO2 formation via the combustion of methane reaction. In the other hand, the catalysts obtained by precipitation were highly active to CO formation, and the most promising were those with x = 0 and x = 0.05. The Ca content influenced the carbon deposition resistance and the conversion levels in the CO2 reforming of methane. In partial oxidation of methane, for some contents of calcium, the reactants conversion levels have decreased due to the oxidation of active Ni fractions, but there was no carbon formation for all the catalysts.
Detecção e identificação de micobactérias em corpos de água destinados à captação para abastecimento urbano da cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-24)
Kanai, Karina Yuri
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
Fifty-nine water samples from Feijão River, Monjolinho River and the Water Treatment Station (SAAE) were analyzed, and 51 were positive for mycobacteria. Concerning the two procedures of decontamination, we obtained 83.0% of positive samples isolated with sulfuric acid and 39.0% with cetylpyridinium chloride. We recovered 425 strains of mycobacteria, and 402 were characterized concerning growth rate and pigment production. In drinking water samples there were predominance of mycobacteria with slow growth, wherein 66.7% were scotochromogenics species and 47.5% were identified as M. lentiflavum. The identification was done through biochemical tests and phenotypics features (classical methodology), micolic acid analyses by thinlayer chromatography (TLC) and PCR-Restriction Analysis (PRA). Through the classical methodology associated to TLC 33.3% of the mycobacteria were identified and 18 species were defined. From the 402 mycobacteria 93 strains were selected and submitted to PRA, being 35 identified by the classical and molecular methodology, 51 only identified by PRA and 40% remained obscure concerned identification. The PRA pattern 440 in BstEII and 130/110 in HaeIII was defined as M. new. This pattern was found for 24 strains. For an accurate identification, the association of different methodologies is necessary.
Análise cinesiológica e biomecânica de atividades de manuseio de carga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-25)
Padula, Rosimeire Simprini
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Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
Load handling activities impose great overloads on the musculoskeletal system, increasing the risk of injuries. The fact that these handling activities are considered risky had led to several studies regarding load lifting, lowering, pulling and pushing. The results obtained certainly allowed many findings about influence of different variables on risk factors of these activities. However, other studies are needed, especially about risks by load carrying activities, since the literature has not dealt extensively with this topic. Thus, studies have been carried out about load handling, leading to 4 scientific papers. Study one aimed at comparing two groups of workers, with and without musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper limbs when they performed simulated tasks of handling techniques as to trunk movements and load support. Movements analysis was quantified by a flexible electrogoniometer and contact between load and trunk, by load cells. Nine asymptomatic and 10 symptomatic industrial workers were evaluated. An ANOVA was performed to compare results between symptomatic and asymptomatic workers. Most of the symptomatic workers supported the load on their trunk, whilst most of the asymptomatic did not. Higher values of lumbar flexion occurred for the symptomatic workers (p<0,05). The objective of the second study was ti describe trunk movements in sedentary subjects, and in workers with and without musculoskeletal symptoms, when carrying loads in simulated tasks. The 38 subjects who participated in this study were divided into 4 groups, consisting of 9 male students, 10 female students, 10 female symptomatic industrial workers and 9 asymptomatic industrial workers. The trunk movements of all subjects were recorded by biaxial back electrogoniometer when carrying loads between surfaces of different heights. An analysis of variance for repeated measures were performed, which was followed by the Duncan post hoc test for comparison of anthropometrical data between subjects, amplitude of movement, and time spent in each movement per group and per experimental condition. The height of the surfaces to which the loads were carried to or from, significantly influenced the trunk positions during handling (p<0,01), as if subjects were anticipating the target position whilst handling. Also more time was spent in flexion (p<0,01) than in extension. These aspects increase the risks of possible injury in such activities. The objective of the third study was to describe the kinds of grip used during handling activities of 5Kgf and 10 Kgf loads between surfaces of different height and to quantify flexion/extension movements and wrist radial and ulnar deviations quantified by electrogoniometry. Ten male volunteers participated in this study handled a box between surfaces of different heights. The activities was performed to evaluate significant differences between the anthropometry of volunteers´ hands and between movements used for load handling and different heights. The results showed that the surface heights to which the objects were handled significantly influenced (p=0,000) joint amplitudes, nevertheless there wasn t any difference in the movements for different load masses handled (p=0,43). Time over what is considered advisable was spent in radial deviation when handling involved high surfaces. The fourth study aimed at evaluating the anterior-posterior movements of the trunk and the time spent in task performance by experienced and inexperienced subjects during load handling activities to different target surfaces. The 36 subjects who participated in this study were healthy males, divided into groups of 16 and 20, experienced and inexperience respectively, in the performance of load handling activities. The activities consisted of carrying the 7Kg and 15Kg boxes from a surface at a fixed height to another at a variable height. Lumbar thoracic movements were quantified by a flexible electrogoniometer. Significant differences were found in the time spent to perform the handling between the groups (p<0,008) and between the loads (p<0,000). However, there was no significant difference in the trunk movemets between the groups (p>0,005) and the loads (p>0,005). Surfaces heights to which the box was transported significantly influenced trunks movements (p<0,000).
Efeito de um iogurte de soja suplementado com isoflavonas e com propriedades probióticas sobre o perfil lipídico e adiposidade em ratos jovens alimentados com dieta hipercolesterolêmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-25)
Manzoni, Marla Simone Jovenasso
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Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8198400959291700
This study investigated the effects of soy yogurt fermented by Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus jugurti 416 supplemented with isoflavones on adipose tissue, blood lipid, and glucose levels on juvenile rats. Male Wistar rats were then randomly divided into groups: chow diet (C), cholesterol-enriched diet (H), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet (HC), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones (HCYI), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus placebo (HCP), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus placebo supplemented with isoflavones (HCPI), cholesterol-enriched diet plus soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones (H+YI), cholesterol-enriched diet plus placebo (H+P), and cholesterol-enriched diet plus placebo supplemented with isoflavones (H+PI). C and H groups were fed for 6 weeks on a chow diet or a cholesterol-enriched diet, respectively. Rats in the HC, HCYI, HCP, and HCPI groups were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet for 3 weeks as a preliminary treatment to create hypercholesterolemia. Rats were then given the chow diet or the chow diet plus soy products for additional 3 weeks. Additionally, animals in the H+YI, H+P, and H+PI groups were fed for 6 weeks on a cholesterol-enriched diet plus soy products. The soy products (yogurt supplemented with isoflavones, placebo, and placebo supplemented with isoflavones) were fed to each animal at the rate of 1ml/day. Food and water were consumed ad libitum. The beneficial effects of soy yogurt on epididymal (EPI) and retroperitoneal (RET) fat pads was likely due to isoflavones because adipocyte circumference (micrometers) in the HCP group was significantly larger (EPI: 105.66 ± 13.36; RET: 134.95 ± 25.40) than that in the HCYI group (EPI: 93.17 ± 12.80; RET: 108.62 ± 15.50) and HCPI group (EPI: 93.06 ± 15.10; RET: 112.34 ± 18.21). The probiotic micro-organism accentuated the antilipogenic effect of isoflavones on RET (HCYI: 108.62 ± 15.50 micrometers versus HCPI: 112.34 ± 18.21 micrometers). Moreover, the soy yogurt increased glucose concentration similar to that in the chow group but did not change blood lipids. On the other hand, soy supplementations with cholesterol-enriched diet exhibited regional variations in fat pads. It may be responsible for the increased observed on retroperitoneal adipocyte circumference (micrometers) (H+YI: 122.31 ± 1.39; H+P: 124.48 ± 1.53, or H+PI: 124.85 ± 1.09 versus C: 99.68 ± 1.49 or H: 103.26 ± 0.76) or decreased of epididymal adipocyte circumference (micrometers) (H+YI: 96.42 ± 0.68, and H+PI: 94.87 ± 0.69) compared with the C group (99.47 ± 0.95). In the same way, effect on epididymal adipose tissue was likely due to isoflavones. Probiotics do not seem to enhance the effect of isoflavones, but improved HDL cholesterol plasma levels. Soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones did not promote changes on plasma triacylglycerol, but increased glucose concentration. If these results are confirmed in further studies, they will offer new approaches to obesity prevention or lipid metabolism abnormalities.
Projeto e operação de cubas eletrolíticas para a indústria de alumínio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-26)
Zangiacomi, Carlos Eduardo
;
Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
The Brazilian aluminum industry is ranked among the sixth biggest aluminum producers worldwide and plays an important role in the local market. Continuous improvement in aluminum industry points to more metal output at lower costs. The potlining is an important subsystem in this process due to high cost involved and more recently due to environmental aspects. Using a systemic approach, this work aimed to increase potlife and thus minimize the aluminum costs. In this opportunity, a careful post-mortem analysis in electrolyte cells were performed to account for the sequence of incidents that led to the final pot failure and make the right decision to minimize or even eliminate the limiting factors to obtain a longer potlife. Besides pot failure mechanisms and pot design changes, some other factors that may be detrimental to potlife at Alcoa Aluminum S.A Pocos de Caldas, MG were also investigated thoroughly, such as preheating and pot start-up technique and lining materials (cathode bottom blocks technical and economic aspects). The results from this study were paramount to make the right decision in respect to pot design through minimizing pot design misconceptions and using appropriate materials. Both preheating and pot start-up procedure were also changed in an attempt to minimize the risks of fatal cathode damage caused by high thermal gradients during these two practices. Knowing that a perfectly constructed and operated cell is not easily obtained, all modifications in respect to pot design, lining material, preheating and pot start-up practices were based on solid and careful diagnosis and will certainly contribute to obtain a long potlife at Alcoa Aluminum Pocos de Caldas, MG.
Suporte ambiental: uma estratégia para educação infantil inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-26)
Bredariol, Ana Cláudia Pinto
;
Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
The physical space of an Institution of necessary Infantile Education to become an environment, that is, to provide situations that facilitate the interpersonal relations and above with everything allowed the emergency of diverse forms of expression, the unexpected one, knowing them spontaneous infantile. In this study the pertaining to school space called surrounding educational physicist being considered as important curricular element, taking in account aspects as: elements that condition the organization of the spaces, criteria for one adjusted organization of the spaces, paper of the educator in the organization of the space and paper of the educator in the acceptance of the diversity. This study it emphasized educational - physical environment as an important ally of the inclusive school, where pedagogical proposals must challenging and be diversified, offering chances of quality for all, also to the children with educational necessities special. It was considered evaluation of educational the physical environment as essential for the elaboration and curricular planning, as well as a facilitator in the educative process. This study it had as objective generality: To investigate the importance of educational - physical environment in the construction of a proposal inclusive under the optics of the infantile educator, and was characterized as being descriptive - exploratory, using as base the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data. To reach the considered objective, three distinct stages had been carried through: initial qualification (establishment of the base line); application of half-structuralized interview (inquiry of the perception of the educator in relation to educational the physical environment) and application of a Script pair analysis of educational the physical environment of each participant educator (evaluation of the quality of the educational environment). 29 educators of public and private institutions had participated infantile of the city of Uberaba. The joined data had shown that despite the majority of the professors presenting superior formation, many, they do not present desirable formation for the development of programs and actions directed to the inclusive infantile education. It can also be concluded that the educators value the environment as an important ally in the learning process, but do not identify its functions, the importance of different resources, the abilities developed from the different space arrangements, the chances that must be offered. Of one the educators had been general do not obtain to characterize its educational physical environment although to recognize its importance in the planning and struturation of its proposal pedagogical. They relate different acquisitions in the development of the child to the ambient situations, however they do not present a proposal definite of chances that the access of all facilitates and any child of its room. The educators had identified the diversities of its populations presents in the educational environment, however they point insatisfações in the conduction of its action in result of great groups of children for room, diversity of pupils, professional unpreparedness, lack of support and precarious conditions of work. One concludes that to think about inclusive education or proposal that makes possible it, it is a challenge for researchers and educators who act in the area of Special Education. This challenge still becomes bigger when we deal with forms to think or to act of professionals who are living deeply in the practical a diversity of the inclusion, or when we consider changes so that they are taken care of and respected the peculiarities presented for the diversity. For improvement of the practical ones of intervention in the education, one becomes necessary that the educator knows to diagnosis the situation where is inserted and to consider alternative of action, to modernize how much to the new trends and strategies of education, to establish a vision criticizes regarding its action.
Gerenciamento do ciclo de aquisição de materiais na produção de edifícios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-27)
Ribeiro, Patrícia Keila Poepcke
;
Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
The supply chain management can be considered as an expanded and updated vision of the traditional material s management. It is essential part of the quality of the construction, representing the integrated control and the global knowledge of the several existent flows in the production process. It is necessary to recognize that the supply sector constitutes substantial contribution for the company s operation. Among its several activities, the purchase of materials deserves an emphasis. It is verified that the necessary information and authorizations to manage this process flows thru several administrative sectors of the construction company. As strategy, companies use information and production planning and control systems integrated through computer software. Another used strategy is the practices of partnerships with the suppliers. However, it is verified that not always these strategies are implemented with success. In this context, it is the objective of this assignment to characterize the cycle of material purchase and its administration form in the construction of buildings. Through the method of case study two medium size construction companies were researched. The analyses allow to present guidelines that aid in the administration of the material purchase cycle.
Retorno ao trabalho após o nascimento de um filho: percepções de professoras sobre sua experiência.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Gravena, Ana Carolina
;
Barham, Elizabeth Joan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
The participation of women in the paid workforce has increased significantly in recent decades, allowing women to make an important contribution to the family income. Apart from their professional activities, many women are also responsible for the greater part of household labor and childcare activities. Reconciling these responsibilities can be difficult, due to the sheer number of activities to be accomplished, especially during periods when professional and family demands are intense. As such, returning to work following a maternity leave may be an especially difficult time, when the high volume of care for the baby is added to work routines. In addition, legislation that secures the right to a maternity leave does not guarantee adequate workplace support for mothers of infants and very young children. As such, mothers who return to work when their children are very young may experience difficulties to maintain a satisfactory involvement with their child, as well as maintaining their job performance. The extent to which the mother-child relationship is undermined is of great importance, given that poor maternal involvement is a risk factor for the development of later problems in early childhood, as this may have a negative effect on the emotional bonds between mother and child and reduce the frequency of stimulating interactions. This study identified sources of support and strategies used by teachers to reconcile childcare and paid work; the reactions and difficulties experienced by these mothers; their wellbeing; and the activities undertaken by them and by their husbands, in caring for their infants. Individual interviews were conducted, using questions with openended and fixed-format responses, including a series of scales to measure workplace factors and personal well-being, with 40 teachers who had children under two years of age. The results indicate that few strategies were used by the employers to support these women; their principal sources of support, although unsatisfactory, were their husbands and other close family members. In general, the study participants felt over burdened, with little time for themselves or to be with their children. Thus, one can see the importance of changes in the work environment and of a more equal division of household labor between the marital partners, representing initiatives that could generate positive changes in the women s professional and family experiences. Becoming a mother is treated as a private event that should not create an onus for the employer. However, the experiences of these women show the importance of having employers assume a more supportive posture, to guarantee the effective performance of their employees as well as their greater wellbeing during a period that is so critical in the life of these mothers, their children and the students they teach.
Efeitos do inseticida organofosforado metil paration (Folisuper 600 BR) sobre biomarcadores do estresse oxidante no teleósteo de água doce matrinxã Brycon cephalus (GUNTER, 1869)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Monteiro, Diana Amaral
;
Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
Methyl parathion (MP) is an organophosphorus insecticide worldwide used in agriculture and aquaculture due to its high activity against a broad spectrum of insect pests. It is employed as pesticide in agriculture and in food storage shelters, as well as in fish culture tanks to kill aquatic larval stages of insects. The effect of exposure to 2 ppm of a commercial formulation of MP (Folisuper 600 BR, methyl paration 600 g.L-1) on catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) of the liver, white muscle, gills, erythrocytes and plasma of the freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, was evaluated after 96 h of treatment. MP exposure resulted in a significant induction of SOD and CAT activity in all tissues, except in plasma, when compared with controls. However, the GPx activity decreased significantly in the white muscle and gills, whereas no alterations were observed in hepatic, plasma and erythrocyte GPx activity. MP also induced a significant increase in GST activity in all tissues and a concurrent decrease in blood and tissue GSH levels. In addition, LPO values in the white muscle, gills and plasma increased significantly after MP exposure whereas hepatic and erythrocyte LPO levels did not show any significant alteration. The current data suggest that MP has oxidative-stress-inducing potential in B. cephalus, and that the gills and white muscle are the most sensitive organs with poor antioxidant potentials. The parameters studied in this investigation can also be used as biomarkers of exposure to MP. The antioxidant effect of selenium (Se) in reducing the MP-induced oxidative stress in this experimental model was evaluated in fish fed during 60 days, before exposure to 2 ppm of MP, with diets containing 1.5 mg Se.Kg-1 ration (group MP 1,5Se) or Se-free ration (group MP 0Se). Group MP 0Se exhibited, in all tissues, the same response presented by fish of the first experimental protocol, fed with commercial ration (group MP 0,22Se). Selenium supplementation reversed this trend. Significant increases in LPO levels and concurrent decreases in GPx activity in gills and white muscle were not observed in group MP 1,5Se. Similarly, decreases in GSH levels were not observed in any tissue of this experimental group. In addition, erythrocyte and plasma GPx activity also increased significantly in group MP 1,5Se, with a concomitant reduction and/or maintenance of LPO levels. These results suggest that dietary Se supplementation may protect cells against MP-induced oxidative stress, preventing increases in LPO levels and decreases in GSH content and GPx activity in B. cephalus tissues. According to these data Se supplementation is important to counteract the oxidative damage induced by MP in B. cephalus.