Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2006-04-24"

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Detecção e identificação de micobactérias em corpos de água destinados à captação para abastecimento urbano da cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-24)
Kanai, Karina Yuri
;
Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
Fifty-nine water samples from Feijão River, Monjolinho River and the Water Treatment Station (SAAE) were analyzed, and 51 were positive for mycobacteria. Concerning the two procedures of decontamination, we obtained 83.0% of positive samples isolated with sulfuric acid and 39.0% with cetylpyridinium chloride. We recovered 425 strains of mycobacteria, and 402 were characterized concerning growth rate and pigment production. In drinking water samples there were predominance of mycobacteria with slow growth, wherein 66.7% were scotochromogenics species and 47.5% were identified as M. lentiflavum. The identification was done through biochemical tests and phenotypics features (classical methodology), micolic acid analyses by thinlayer chromatography (TLC) and PCR-Restriction Analysis (PRA). Through the classical methodology associated to TLC 33.3% of the mycobacteria were identified and 18 species were defined. From the 402 mycobacteria 93 strains were selected and submitted to PRA, being 35 identified by the classical and molecular methodology, 51 only identified by PRA and 40% remained obscure concerned identification. The PRA pattern 440 in BstEII and 130/110 in HaeIII was defined as M. new. This pattern was found for 24 strains. For an accurate identification, the association of different methodologies is necessary.
Análise cinesiológica e biomecânica de atividades de manuseio de carga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-25)
Padula, Rosimeire Simprini
;
Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
Load handling activities impose great overloads on the musculoskeletal system, increasing the risk of injuries. The fact that these handling activities are considered risky had led to several studies regarding load lifting, lowering, pulling and pushing. The results obtained certainly allowed many findings about influence of different variables on risk factors of these activities. However, other studies are needed, especially about risks by load carrying activities, since the literature has not dealt extensively with this topic. Thus, studies have been carried out about load handling, leading to 4 scientific papers. Study one aimed at comparing two groups of workers, with and without musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper limbs when they performed simulated tasks of handling techniques as to trunk movements and load support. Movements analysis was quantified by a flexible electrogoniometer and contact between load and trunk, by load cells. Nine asymptomatic and 10 symptomatic industrial workers were evaluated. An ANOVA was performed to compare results between symptomatic and asymptomatic workers. Most of the symptomatic workers supported the load on their trunk, whilst most of the asymptomatic did not. Higher values of lumbar flexion occurred for the symptomatic workers (p<0,05). The objective of the second study was ti describe trunk movements in sedentary subjects, and in workers with and without musculoskeletal symptoms, when carrying loads in simulated tasks. The 38 subjects who participated in this study were divided into 4 groups, consisting of 9 male students, 10 female students, 10 female symptomatic industrial workers and 9 asymptomatic industrial workers. The trunk movements of all subjects were recorded by biaxial back electrogoniometer when carrying loads between surfaces of different heights. An analysis of variance for repeated measures were performed, which was followed by the Duncan post hoc test for comparison of anthropometrical data between subjects, amplitude of movement, and time spent in each movement per group and per experimental condition. The height of the surfaces to which the loads were carried to or from, significantly influenced the trunk positions during handling (p<0,01), as if subjects were anticipating the target position whilst handling. Also more time was spent in flexion (p<0,01) than in extension. These aspects increase the risks of possible injury in such activities. The objective of the third study was to describe the kinds of grip used during handling activities of 5Kgf and 10 Kgf loads between surfaces of different height and to quantify flexion/extension movements and wrist radial and ulnar deviations quantified by electrogoniometry. Ten male volunteers participated in this study handled a box between surfaces of different heights. The activities was performed to evaluate significant differences between the anthropometry of volunteers´ hands and between movements used for load handling and different heights. The results showed that the surface heights to which the objects were handled significantly influenced (p=0,000) joint amplitudes, nevertheless there wasn t any difference in the movements for different load masses handled (p=0,43). Time over what is considered advisable was spent in radial deviation when handling involved high surfaces. The fourth study aimed at evaluating the anterior-posterior movements of the trunk and the time spent in task performance by experienced and inexperienced subjects during load handling activities to different target surfaces. The 36 subjects who participated in this study were healthy males, divided into groups of 16 and 20, experienced and inexperience respectively, in the performance of load handling activities. The activities consisted of carrying the 7Kg and 15Kg boxes from a surface at a fixed height to another at a variable height. Lumbar thoracic movements were quantified by a flexible electrogoniometer. Significant differences were found in the time spent to perform the handling between the groups (p<0,008) and between the loads (p<0,000). However, there was no significant difference in the trunk movemets between the groups (p>0,005) and the loads (p>0,005). Surfaces heights to which the box was transported significantly influenced trunks movements (p<0,000).
Efeito de um iogurte de soja suplementado com isoflavonas e com propriedades probióticas sobre o perfil lipídico e adiposidade em ratos jovens alimentados com dieta hipercolesterolêmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-25)
Manzoni, Marla Simone Jovenasso
;
Dâmaso, Ana Raimunda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8198400959291700
This study investigated the effects of soy yogurt fermented by Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus jugurti 416 supplemented with isoflavones on adipose tissue, blood lipid, and glucose levels on juvenile rats. Male Wistar rats were then randomly divided into groups: chow diet (C), cholesterol-enriched diet (H), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet (HC), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones (HCYI), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus placebo (HCP), cholesterol-enriched diet/chow diet plus placebo supplemented with isoflavones (HCPI), cholesterol-enriched diet plus soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones (H+YI), cholesterol-enriched diet plus placebo (H+P), and cholesterol-enriched diet plus placebo supplemented with isoflavones (H+PI). C and H groups were fed for 6 weeks on a chow diet or a cholesterol-enriched diet, respectively. Rats in the HC, HCYI, HCP, and HCPI groups were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet for 3 weeks as a preliminary treatment to create hypercholesterolemia. Rats were then given the chow diet or the chow diet plus soy products for additional 3 weeks. Additionally, animals in the H+YI, H+P, and H+PI groups were fed for 6 weeks on a cholesterol-enriched diet plus soy products. The soy products (yogurt supplemented with isoflavones, placebo, and placebo supplemented with isoflavones) were fed to each animal at the rate of 1ml/day. Food and water were consumed ad libitum. The beneficial effects of soy yogurt on epididymal (EPI) and retroperitoneal (RET) fat pads was likely due to isoflavones because adipocyte circumference (micrometers) in the HCP group was significantly larger (EPI: 105.66 ± 13.36; RET: 134.95 ± 25.40) than that in the HCYI group (EPI: 93.17 ± 12.80; RET: 108.62 ± 15.50) and HCPI group (EPI: 93.06 ± 15.10; RET: 112.34 ± 18.21). The probiotic micro-organism accentuated the antilipogenic effect of isoflavones on RET (HCYI: 108.62 ± 15.50 micrometers versus HCPI: 112.34 ± 18.21 micrometers). Moreover, the soy yogurt increased glucose concentration similar to that in the chow group but did not change blood lipids. On the other hand, soy supplementations with cholesterol-enriched diet exhibited regional variations in fat pads. It may be responsible for the increased observed on retroperitoneal adipocyte circumference (micrometers) (H+YI: 122.31 ± 1.39; H+P: 124.48 ± 1.53, or H+PI: 124.85 ± 1.09 versus C: 99.68 ± 1.49 or H: 103.26 ± 0.76) or decreased of epididymal adipocyte circumference (micrometers) (H+YI: 96.42 ± 0.68, and H+PI: 94.87 ± 0.69) compared with the C group (99.47 ± 0.95). In the same way, effect on epididymal adipose tissue was likely due to isoflavones. Probiotics do not seem to enhance the effect of isoflavones, but improved HDL cholesterol plasma levels. Soy yogurt supplemented with isoflavones did not promote changes on plasma triacylglycerol, but increased glucose concentration. If these results are confirmed in further studies, they will offer new approaches to obesity prevention or lipid metabolism abnormalities.
Projeto e operação de cubas eletrolíticas para a indústria de alumínio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-26)
Zangiacomi, Carlos Eduardo
;
Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
The Brazilian aluminum industry is ranked among the sixth biggest aluminum producers worldwide and plays an important role in the local market. Continuous improvement in aluminum industry points to more metal output at lower costs. The potlining is an important subsystem in this process due to high cost involved and more recently due to environmental aspects. Using a systemic approach, this work aimed to increase potlife and thus minimize the aluminum costs. In this opportunity, a careful post-mortem analysis in electrolyte cells were performed to account for the sequence of incidents that led to the final pot failure and make the right decision to minimize or even eliminate the limiting factors to obtain a longer potlife. Besides pot failure mechanisms and pot design changes, some other factors that may be detrimental to potlife at Alcoa Aluminum S.A Pocos de Caldas, MG were also investigated thoroughly, such as preheating and pot start-up technique and lining materials (cathode bottom blocks technical and economic aspects). The results from this study were paramount to make the right decision in respect to pot design through minimizing pot design misconceptions and using appropriate materials. Both preheating and pot start-up procedure were also changed in an attempt to minimize the risks of fatal cathode damage caused by high thermal gradients during these two practices. Knowing that a perfectly constructed and operated cell is not easily obtained, all modifications in respect to pot design, lining material, preheating and pot start-up practices were based on solid and careful diagnosis and will certainly contribute to obtain a long potlife at Alcoa Aluminum Pocos de Caldas, MG.
Suporte ambiental: uma estratégia para educação infantil inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-26)
Bredariol, Ana Cláudia Pinto
;
Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
The physical space of an Institution of necessary Infantile Education to become an environment, that is, to provide situations that facilitate the interpersonal relations and above with everything allowed the emergency of diverse forms of expression, the unexpected one, knowing them spontaneous infantile. In this study the pertaining to school space called surrounding educational physicist being considered as important curricular element, taking in account aspects as: elements that condition the organization of the spaces, criteria for one adjusted organization of the spaces, paper of the educator in the organization of the space and paper of the educator in the acceptance of the diversity. This study it emphasized educational - physical environment as an important ally of the inclusive school, where pedagogical proposals must challenging and be diversified, offering chances of quality for all, also to the children with educational necessities special. It was considered evaluation of educational the physical environment as essential for the elaboration and curricular planning, as well as a facilitator in the educative process. This study it had as objective generality: To investigate the importance of educational - physical environment in the construction of a proposal inclusive under the optics of the infantile educator, and was characterized as being descriptive - exploratory, using as base the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data. To reach the considered objective, three distinct stages had been carried through: initial qualification (establishment of the base line); application of half-structuralized interview (inquiry of the perception of the educator in relation to educational the physical environment) and application of a Script pair analysis of educational the physical environment of each participant educator (evaluation of the quality of the educational environment). 29 educators of public and private institutions had participated infantile of the city of Uberaba. The joined data had shown that despite the majority of the professors presenting superior formation, many, they do not present desirable formation for the development of programs and actions directed to the inclusive infantile education. It can also be concluded that the educators value the environment as an important ally in the learning process, but do not identify its functions, the importance of different resources, the abilities developed from the different space arrangements, the chances that must be offered. Of one the educators had been general do not obtain to characterize its educational physical environment although to recognize its importance in the planning and struturation of its proposal pedagogical. They relate different acquisitions in the development of the child to the ambient situations, however they do not present a proposal definite of chances that the access of all facilitates and any child of its room. The educators had identified the diversities of its populations presents in the educational environment, however they point insatisfações in the conduction of its action in result of great groups of children for room, diversity of pupils, professional unpreparedness, lack of support and precarious conditions of work. One concludes that to think about inclusive education or proposal that makes possible it, it is a challenge for researchers and educators who act in the area of Special Education. This challenge still becomes bigger when we deal with forms to think or to act of professionals who are living deeply in the practical a diversity of the inclusion, or when we consider changes so that they are taken care of and respected the peculiarities presented for the diversity. For improvement of the practical ones of intervention in the education, one becomes necessary that the educator knows to diagnosis the situation where is inserted and to consider alternative of action, to modernize how much to the new trends and strategies of education, to establish a vision criticizes regarding its action.
Gerenciamento do ciclo de aquisição de materiais na produção de edifícios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-27)
Ribeiro, Patrícia Keila Poepcke
;
Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
The supply chain management can be considered as an expanded and updated vision of the traditional material s management. It is essential part of the quality of the construction, representing the integrated control and the global knowledge of the several existent flows in the production process. It is necessary to recognize that the supply sector constitutes substantial contribution for the company s operation. Among its several activities, the purchase of materials deserves an emphasis. It is verified that the necessary information and authorizations to manage this process flows thru several administrative sectors of the construction company. As strategy, companies use information and production planning and control systems integrated through computer software. Another used strategy is the practices of partnerships with the suppliers. However, it is verified that not always these strategies are implemented with success. In this context, it is the objective of this assignment to characterize the cycle of material purchase and its administration form in the construction of buildings. Through the method of case study two medium size construction companies were researched. The analyses allow to present guidelines that aid in the administration of the material purchase cycle.
Retorno ao trabalho após o nascimento de um filho: percepções de professoras sobre sua experiência.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Gravena, Ana Carolina
;
Barham, Elizabeth Joan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
The participation of women in the paid workforce has increased significantly in recent decades, allowing women to make an important contribution to the family income. Apart from their professional activities, many women are also responsible for the greater part of household labor and childcare activities. Reconciling these responsibilities can be difficult, due to the sheer number of activities to be accomplished, especially during periods when professional and family demands are intense. As such, returning to work following a maternity leave may be an especially difficult time, when the high volume of care for the baby is added to work routines. In addition, legislation that secures the right to a maternity leave does not guarantee adequate workplace support for mothers of infants and very young children. As such, mothers who return to work when their children are very young may experience difficulties to maintain a satisfactory involvement with their child, as well as maintaining their job performance. The extent to which the mother-child relationship is undermined is of great importance, given that poor maternal involvement is a risk factor for the development of later problems in early childhood, as this may have a negative effect on the emotional bonds between mother and child and reduce the frequency of stimulating interactions. This study identified sources of support and strategies used by teachers to reconcile childcare and paid work; the reactions and difficulties experienced by these mothers; their wellbeing; and the activities undertaken by them and by their husbands, in caring for their infants. Individual interviews were conducted, using questions with openended and fixed-format responses, including a series of scales to measure workplace factors and personal well-being, with 40 teachers who had children under two years of age. The results indicate that few strategies were used by the employers to support these women; their principal sources of support, although unsatisfactory, were their husbands and other close family members. In general, the study participants felt over burdened, with little time for themselves or to be with their children. Thus, one can see the importance of changes in the work environment and of a more equal division of household labor between the marital partners, representing initiatives that could generate positive changes in the women s professional and family experiences. Becoming a mother is treated as a private event that should not create an onus for the employer. However, the experiences of these women show the importance of having employers assume a more supportive posture, to guarantee the effective performance of their employees as well as their greater wellbeing during a period that is so critical in the life of these mothers, their children and the students they teach.
Efeitos do inseticida organofosforado metil paration (Folisuper 600 BR) sobre biomarcadores do estresse oxidante no teleósteo de água doce matrinxã Brycon cephalus (GUNTER, 1869)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Monteiro, Diana Amaral
;
Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
Methyl parathion (MP) is an organophosphorus insecticide worldwide used in agriculture and aquaculture due to its high activity against a broad spectrum of insect pests. It is employed as pesticide in agriculture and in food storage shelters, as well as in fish culture tanks to kill aquatic larval stages of insects. The effect of exposure to 2 ppm of a commercial formulation of MP (Folisuper 600 BR, methyl paration 600 g.L-1) on catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) of the liver, white muscle, gills, erythrocytes and plasma of the freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, was evaluated after 96 h of treatment. MP exposure resulted in a significant induction of SOD and CAT activity in all tissues, except in plasma, when compared with controls. However, the GPx activity decreased significantly in the white muscle and gills, whereas no alterations were observed in hepatic, plasma and erythrocyte GPx activity. MP also induced a significant increase in GST activity in all tissues and a concurrent decrease in blood and tissue GSH levels. In addition, LPO values in the white muscle, gills and plasma increased significantly after MP exposure whereas hepatic and erythrocyte LPO levels did not show any significant alteration. The current data suggest that MP has oxidative-stress-inducing potential in B. cephalus, and that the gills and white muscle are the most sensitive organs with poor antioxidant potentials. The parameters studied in this investigation can also be used as biomarkers of exposure to MP. The antioxidant effect of selenium (Se) in reducing the MP-induced oxidative stress in this experimental model was evaluated in fish fed during 60 days, before exposure to 2 ppm of MP, with diets containing 1.5 mg Se.Kg-1 ration (group MP 1,5Se) or Se-free ration (group MP 0Se). Group MP 0Se exhibited, in all tissues, the same response presented by fish of the first experimental protocol, fed with commercial ration (group MP 0,22Se). Selenium supplementation reversed this trend. Significant increases in LPO levels and concurrent decreases in GPx activity in gills and white muscle were not observed in group MP 1,5Se. Similarly, decreases in GSH levels were not observed in any tissue of this experimental group. In addition, erythrocyte and plasma GPx activity also increased significantly in group MP 1,5Se, with a concomitant reduction and/or maintenance of LPO levels. These results suggest that dietary Se supplementation may protect cells against MP-induced oxidative stress, preventing increases in LPO levels and decreases in GSH content and GPx activity in B. cephalus tissues. According to these data Se supplementation is important to counteract the oxidative damage induced by MP in B. cephalus.
Padrões de diversidade e organização temporal de Chironomidae (Diptera) em um córego tropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Barros, Tadeu de Siqueira
;
Strixino, Susana Trivinho
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1804083229761186
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312992120803629
In this study we investigated the temporal dynamics of a chironomid assemblage in a forested stream located in southeastern Brazil. First, we analyzed some diversity patterns of this assemblage by describing two macroecological relationships (body size-species richness and body size-abundance) and by testing with they vary in an intra-annual scale. Second, we analyzed the emergence phenology using a time series of 48 weekly samples. In general, both species richness and abundance peaked on intermediate body sizes, moreover these relationships showed to be variable in this intra-annual scale; Chironomidae emergence was not seasonal, neither was related to any environmental variables measured; on the other hand, the most persistent species (Caladomyia sp. 1, Endotribelos sp. 4, Caladomyia sp. 2, and Corynoneura sp. 1) appeared to have some temporal structure on emergence, probably associated with photoperiod and minimum air temperature respectively; there was no synchrony in species emergence with most taxa emerging together through the year; species richness as taxonomic composition did not change over time.
Irmãos de crianças autistas: problemas de comportamento, competência social e relacionamentos intra e extra familiares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-04-28)
Dimov, Tatiana
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
Considering the effects that living with autistic children can have on a family, most authors have investigated the familiar adjustment through a focus in the mothers. Relatively few studies have evaluated the adjustment siblings of the autistic child. And these studies, however, have reported conflicting results. While some authors report that those siblings are well adjusted other studies find that having an autistic sibling can have negative effects on a child. The contrast is attributed to methodological problems and the need for further investigation. The main purpose of the present study is to investigate behavioral problems and social competence in siblings of children with autism and to evaluate their perception of familiar and social relationships. Eight brothers were selected to participate in the study. Four having an autistic sybling, and four having a normal sybling. Instruments included two questionnaires witch evaluated social competence and behavioral problems (CBCL and YSR) and a semi-structured interview. Results indicated that siblings of children with autism present more behavioral problems and scores of social competence lower than those presented by control group; this tendency is stronger in the younger siblings. The siblings reported higher levels of responsibility when compared to the control group and have difficulties for dealing with the brother s disease.
Adaptações musculares e no tecido conjuntivo intramuscular associada ao alongamento passivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-02)
Coutinho, Eliane de Lima
;
Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4290004028989209
Produção e caracterização de eletrodos de Ti-Pt/PbO2 dopados e seu uso no tratamento eletroquímico de efluentes simulados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-03)
Andrade, Leonardo Santos
;
Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
Ti-Pt/PbO2 electrodes were obtained by electrodeposition of PbO2 films at 65 °C and with different dopant(s) (Fe, Co, F, Fe and F, Co and F) contents in the oxide matrix, which were controlled under pre-established and optimized conditions (current densities as well as concentrations of the dopant ions in the electrodeposition baths). Tafel curves in 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 showed that the higher the dopant content in the films, the higher was the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whose mechanism, in a general way, was not changed. The increased electrocatalytic activity was considered as resulting from oxygen defects in the crystalline structure of the oxides, due to dopants action and also morphologic effects. The structural characterization of the films by X-ray diffractometry showed that the structure of the films was always the same, i.e. β- PbO2. The electrochemical performance of pure Ti-Pt/β-PbO2 electrodes, or doped with Fe, Co and F (together or separately), in the oxidation of simulated wastewaters containing the reactive blue 19 dye (RB 19) or phenol, using filter-press reactors, was carried out and then compared with that of a boron-doped diamond electrode (Nb/BDD). For the electrooxidation of the dye ([RB 19]o = 25 ppm, Q = 2.4 L h-1, i = 50 mA cm-2, V = 0.1 L, θ = 25 oC and A = 5 cm2), the results showed that: a) the performances of the electrodes in the dye decolorization were quite similar, achieving 100% decolorization, but in some cases 90% decolorization was achieved by applying only ~0.3 A h L-1 (8 min); b) the reduction of the wastewater organic load, monitored by its total organic carbon content (TOC), was greater for the 1 mM Ti- Pt/β-PbO2-Fe,F electrode (obtained from an electrodeposition bath containing 1 mM Fe3+), which presented a COT reduction of 95% after 2 h of electrolysis, while for the pure β-PbO2 and Nb/BDD electrodes the reductions were 84% and 82%, respectively. In the case of phenol electrooxidation in the semi-pilot scale ([phenol]o = 1000 ppm, Q ~ 120 L h-1, i = 100 mA cm-2, V = 1 L, θ = 40 ºC and A = 63 cm2), the 1mM Ti-Pt/β-PbO2-Co,F and Ti-Pt/β-PbO2 electrodes were the most efficient ones, attaining COD (chemical oxygen demand) reductions of approximately 75% and 63% and COT reductions of approximately 51% and 43%, respectively.
Modelo bayesiano de coincidências em processos de listagens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-03)
Reis, Juliana Coutinho dos
;
Leite, José Galvão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0677440386988572
In this work we present a bayesian methodology to estimate the number of coincident individuals of two lists, considering the occurrence of correct and incorrect registers of the informations registers of each individual present in the lists. We adopt, in this model, three di¤erent prioris for the number of coincident pairs and study its performance through simulated data. Due to di¢ culties found in the choice of the hiperparameters of this model, we present as solution to the this problem a hierarchic bayesian model and verify its adequateness through the gotten estimates for simulated data.
Simulação por dinâmica molecular de óxidos alcalino-terrosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Mota Teixeira de
;
Rino, José Pedro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801067322823031
The main subject of this work is to simulate structural and dynamical properties of MeO type alkaline-earth oxides, where Me is an element of the family 2 (Me = Ca, Sr and Ba). The use of the Molecular Dynamics method (MD) was implemented in isobaric-isoenthalpic ensemble (N, P, H), in which the volume is a dynamical variable, in order to study the eﬀect of the pressure and the temperature on such materials. The interaction potential between atoms consists of a pair potential, known as Vashishta- Rahman potential, characterized by terms that represent the steric repulsion, the Coulomb interactions due to charge transfer, the induced charge-dipole interaction due to the large electronic polarizability of the ions, and the last is the van der Waals dipole-dipole interaction. The simulations had been carried out for the three systems composed of 1728 atoms, 864 Me− type atoms and 864 oxygen O . The study of the temperature dependence is carried through the heating of such systems with a rate 4.59 K/ps and, after to reach the solid-liquid phase transistion, each system was submitted to cooling with the same rate that it was heated. Through the trajectories in the phase space it was possible to calculate the density of vibrational states, the pair distribution function, from which it was possible to determine the behavior of the Debye-Waller factor, and the temperature and pressure frequency coeﬃcients for each material. The eﬀect of the hydrostatic pressure on the systems was studied through the implementation of the statical and dynamical calculations. In the first study is possi- xi ble to determine the energetic sequency of the allotropic forms, the cohesivy energies, bulk modules, lattice parameters for each phase of each material. The static pressures of structural phase transistion, between the B1(N aCl) and B2(CsCl) phases, for calcium (CaO), strontium (SrO) and barium (BaO) oxides, were 71.5 GP a, 34 GP a and 105 GP a, respectively. Through the dynamic application of hydrostatic pressure to the systems, the structural phase transformations were observed from B1(N aCl) to B2(CsCl) phases, around 100 GP a, 90 GP a and 220 GP a for calcium (CaO), strontium (SrO) and barium (BaO) oxides, respectively. The confirmation of the structural phase transformations was given by the changes in the coordination number from 6 to 8 (MeO), in the bond angles (O − Me − O) −type from 90◦ and 180◦, B1(N aCl) phase, to 70◦, 109◦ and 180◦ (O − Me − O), which are the characteristic angles of the B2(CsCl) phase, and by the change in the pair distribution functions from the characteristic peaks of the B1(N aCl) phase to the characteristic peaks of the B2(CsCl) phase. A comparison with the experimental results in literature is made in order to validate our results.
Causação mental e implicações psicoterapêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Monteiro, Monica Aiub
;
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912
Educação a distância na formação de professores: o curso-piloto "Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Shimizu, Rita de Cassia Gromoni
;
Hartwing, Dácio Rodney
The present research analysed the results of the distance pilot-course Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente , that it was proposed by CECEMCA, through the accord between MEC and UNESP, approved in 2004 and offered to teachers in a public elementary school in the Rio Claro city. The methodology consisted on analyzing three questionnaires, the homeworks, the observed class and the narrative, besides another questionary developed to answering the following question: How the Basic Education´s teachers evaluated their participation on the distance pilot-course Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente ? In a review of literature it were searched works about Distance Environmental Education, but it were not found papers that focused Sustainable Consume. The results proved that it is necessary to reformulate some aspects to the next courses. However, in the teachers´ point of view, the course contributed to their teaching practice and professional development.
Recuperação de informação com auxílio de extratos automáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-08)
Batista Junior, Wilson dos Santos
;
Rino, Lúcia Helena Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315640846525832
This dissertation investigates the use of Automatic Summarization (AS) techniques on Information Retrieval (IR), two areas that have attracted growing attention due to the continuous growth of information repositories in digital format. The main goal of this work is to verify the contribution of extracts generated automatically in two stages of the IR: indexing and Pseudo Relevance Feedback (PRF). In general, the main goal of both phases is to find the most descriptive terms of a given document. This goal in turn is strongly related to that of the AS techniques to summarize the main parts of a document which justifies the study. In order to verify the effectiveness of the AS techniques, we have developed five systems that use extracts generated by a summarizing system that was considered useful in the task of indicating the content of documents to human readers. These systems were assessed through a set of documents written in Portuguese to test IR. In general, the results show that the generated extracts were not useful for indexing, presenting worse performance compared to when using a full document for IR. In the PRF case, however, the results obtained using specific extracts were better than those obtained by a system that does not embed PRF. The best results were obtained when using query-biased multi-documents extracts, indicating that this type of extract may be useful for PRF.
A abordagem ecológica como fundamento para a educação ambiental e gestão dos recursos hídricos em pequenas propriedades rurais na bacia do alto do Rio Pardo (São José do Rio Pardo, SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-08)
Ferreira, Maria Alice Vaz
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
Estrutura genética e relações de parentesco em populações de colhereiro (Platalea ajaja, Aves: Ciconiiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-10)
Miño, Carolina Isabel
;
Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621138987853191
The Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja, Aves: Threskiornithidae) is a wading bird species which breeds in wetland colonies from the southern United States (US) to the pampas of Argentina. Brazilian colonies are abundant in the Pantanal region, Rio Grande do Sul marshes and in the north region of this country. Adults undergo two annual molt periods which partially overlap with the reproductive cycle. The species has been described as socially monogamous based on field observations of only one couple. We sampled five Pantanal and one Rio Grande do Sul breeding colonies, applying nestling blood and feather sampling and a new non-invasive methodology, the collection of adult molted feathers. Four species-specific and one heterologous microsatellite markers were used to characterize the genetic variability distribution and levels of genetic structure within and between the colonies; to estimate levels of genetic relatedness between nestlings found at the same nest to infer about breeding behavior in the wild; and to estimate and compare the distribution of genetic variability and values of genetic relatedness between male and female adults to infer about patterns of natal dispersal. Mean observed heterozigosity (0,575) was comparable to the reported for a wild-caught population maintained in a US zoo. Results are discussed supposing reduced losses of genetic variability in the US population after the population decline undergone by it, or by a rapid recovery of this population after the bottleneck. Another possibility was hypothesized considering that Brazilian Pantanal population may be declining. No evidences were found of genetic structuring nor differentiation between the colonies (global FST = -0.002, P: 0,59), thus suggesting the existence of high levels of recent or past gene flow between them. Unexpected low relatedness values with significant probability (LOD) values were observed for some dyads found at the same nests. We suggest that extra-pair copulation and/or brood parasitism, already observed in captivity birds, can be occurring in Roseate Spoonbill natural populations, but this fact may be further explored. Comparative analyses showed that genetic variability distribution and relatedness values did not differ significantly between male and female adult samples. The interpretation of these results indicates that both sexes of Roseate Spoonbill apparently present similar patterns of natal dispersal.
Direito e política na constituição dos direitos do trabalho: a trajetória institucional do TST desde 1946 e seus debates doutrinários do último governo militar à constituinte de 87/88.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-15)
Freitas, Lígia Barros de
;
Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
The main objective of this research is to present and analyse the debates which happen in the Tribunal Superior do Trabalho TST (High Labour Court), superior organ of the Brazilian Labour Justice from 1979 to 1988, i. e., from the period of political opening to the National Constituent Assembly. This study tried to draw the issues that gained notoriety in the Labour Justice at the moment of the democracy consolidation which culminated with the approval of the New Federal Constitution and which is its correlation with the debates of the Political Science of the time. Thus, our aim is to establish the relationship between the fields of Law and Politics.