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Simulação por dinâmica molecular de óxidos alcalino-terrosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Mota Teixeira de
;
Rino, José Pedro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6801067322823031
The main subject of this work is to simulate structural and dynamical properties of MeO type alkaline-earth oxides, where Me is an element of the family 2 (Me = Ca, Sr and Ba). The use of the Molecular Dynamics method (MD) was implemented in isobaric-isoenthalpic ensemble (N, P, H), in which the volume is a dynamical variable, in order to study the eﬀect of the pressure and the temperature on such materials. The interaction potential between atoms consists of a pair potential, known as Vashishta- Rahman potential, characterized by terms that represent the steric repulsion, the Coulomb interactions due to charge transfer, the induced charge-dipole interaction due to the large electronic polarizability of the ions, and the last is the van der Waals dipole-dipole interaction. The simulations had been carried out for the three systems composed of 1728 atoms, 864 Me− type atoms and 864 oxygen O . The study of the temperature dependence is carried through the heating of such systems with a rate 4.59 K/ps and, after to reach the solid-liquid phase transistion, each system was submitted to cooling with the same rate that it was heated. Through the trajectories in the phase space it was possible to calculate the density of vibrational states, the pair distribution function, from which it was possible to determine the behavior of the Debye-Waller factor, and the temperature and pressure frequency coeﬃcients for each material. The eﬀect of the hydrostatic pressure on the systems was studied through the implementation of the statical and dynamical calculations. In the first study is possi- xi ble to determine the energetic sequency of the allotropic forms, the cohesivy energies, bulk modules, lattice parameters for each phase of each material. The static pressures of structural phase transistion, between the B1(N aCl) and B2(CsCl) phases, for calcium (CaO), strontium (SrO) and barium (BaO) oxides, were 71.5 GP a, 34 GP a and 105 GP a, respectively. Through the dynamic application of hydrostatic pressure to the systems, the structural phase transformations were observed from B1(N aCl) to B2(CsCl) phases, around 100 GP a, 90 GP a and 220 GP a for calcium (CaO), strontium (SrO) and barium (BaO) oxides, respectively. The confirmation of the structural phase transformations was given by the changes in the coordination number from 6 to 8 (MeO), in the bond angles (O − Me − O) −type from 90◦ and 180◦, B1(N aCl) phase, to 70◦, 109◦ and 180◦ (O − Me − O), which are the characteristic angles of the B2(CsCl) phase, and by the change in the pair distribution functions from the characteristic peaks of the B1(N aCl) phase to the characteristic peaks of the B2(CsCl) phase. A comparison with the experimental results in literature is made in order to validate our results.
Causação mental e implicações psicoterapêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Monteiro, Monica Aiub
;
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912
Educação a distância na formação de professores: o curso-piloto "Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-04)
Shimizu, Rita de Cassia Gromoni
;
Hartwing, Dácio Rodney
The present research analysed the results of the distance pilot-course Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente , that it was proposed by CECEMCA, through the accord between MEC and UNESP, approved in 2004 and offered to teachers in a public elementary school in the Rio Claro city. The methodology consisted on analyzing three questionnaires, the homeworks, the observed class and the narrative, besides another questionary developed to answering the following question: How the Basic Education´s teachers evaluated their participation on the distance pilot-course Consumo Sustentável/Consumo Responsável - desenvolvimento, cidadania e meio ambiente ? In a review of literature it were searched works about Distance Environmental Education, but it were not found papers that focused Sustainable Consume. The results proved that it is necessary to reformulate some aspects to the next courses. However, in the teachers´ point of view, the course contributed to their teaching practice and professional development.
Recuperação de informação com auxílio de extratos automáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-08)
Batista Junior, Wilson dos Santos
;
Rino, Lúcia Helena Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315640846525832
This dissertation investigates the use of Automatic Summarization (AS) techniques on Information Retrieval (IR), two areas that have attracted growing attention due to the continuous growth of information repositories in digital format. The main goal of this work is to verify the contribution of extracts generated automatically in two stages of the IR: indexing and Pseudo Relevance Feedback (PRF). In general, the main goal of both phases is to find the most descriptive terms of a given document. This goal in turn is strongly related to that of the AS techniques to summarize the main parts of a document which justifies the study. In order to verify the effectiveness of the AS techniques, we have developed five systems that use extracts generated by a summarizing system that was considered useful in the task of indicating the content of documents to human readers. These systems were assessed through a set of documents written in Portuguese to test IR. In general, the results show that the generated extracts were not useful for indexing, presenting worse performance compared to when using a full document for IR. In the PRF case, however, the results obtained using specific extracts were better than those obtained by a system that does not embed PRF. The best results were obtained when using query-biased multi-documents extracts, indicating that this type of extract may be useful for PRF.
A abordagem ecológica como fundamento para a educação ambiental e gestão dos recursos hídricos em pequenas propriedades rurais na bacia do alto do Rio Pardo (São José do Rio Pardo, SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-08)
Ferreira, Maria Alice Vaz
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
Estrutura genética e relações de parentesco em populações de colhereiro (Platalea ajaja, Aves: Ciconiiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-10)
Miño, Carolina Isabel
;
Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621138987853191
The Roseate Spoonbill (Platalea ajaja, Aves: Threskiornithidae) is a wading bird species which breeds in wetland colonies from the southern United States (US) to the pampas of Argentina. Brazilian colonies are abundant in the Pantanal region, Rio Grande do Sul marshes and in the north region of this country. Adults undergo two annual molt periods which partially overlap with the reproductive cycle. The species has been described as socially monogamous based on field observations of only one couple. We sampled five Pantanal and one Rio Grande do Sul breeding colonies, applying nestling blood and feather sampling and a new non-invasive methodology, the collection of adult molted feathers. Four species-specific and one heterologous microsatellite markers were used to characterize the genetic variability distribution and levels of genetic structure within and between the colonies; to estimate levels of genetic relatedness between nestlings found at the same nest to infer about breeding behavior in the wild; and to estimate and compare the distribution of genetic variability and values of genetic relatedness between male and female adults to infer about patterns of natal dispersal. Mean observed heterozigosity (0,575) was comparable to the reported for a wild-caught population maintained in a US zoo. Results are discussed supposing reduced losses of genetic variability in the US population after the population decline undergone by it, or by a rapid recovery of this population after the bottleneck. Another possibility was hypothesized considering that Brazilian Pantanal population may be declining. No evidences were found of genetic structuring nor differentiation between the colonies (global FST = -0.002, P: 0,59), thus suggesting the existence of high levels of recent or past gene flow between them. Unexpected low relatedness values with significant probability (LOD) values were observed for some dyads found at the same nests. We suggest that extra-pair copulation and/or brood parasitism, already observed in captivity birds, can be occurring in Roseate Spoonbill natural populations, but this fact may be further explored. Comparative analyses showed that genetic variability distribution and relatedness values did not differ significantly between male and female adult samples. The interpretation of these results indicates that both sexes of Roseate Spoonbill apparently present similar patterns of natal dispersal.
Direito e política na constituição dos direitos do trabalho: a trajetória institucional do TST desde 1946 e seus debates doutrinários do último governo militar à constituinte de 87/88.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-15)
Freitas, Lígia Barros de
;
Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
The main objective of this research is to present and analyse the debates which happen in the Tribunal Superior do Trabalho TST (High Labour Court), superior organ of the Brazilian Labour Justice from 1979 to 1988, i. e., from the period of political opening to the National Constituent Assembly. This study tried to draw the issues that gained notoriety in the Labour Justice at the moment of the democracy consolidation which culminated with the approval of the New Federal Constitution and which is its correlation with the debates of the Political Science of the time. Thus, our aim is to establish the relationship between the fields of Law and Politics.
Busca de compostos inseticidas: estudo de espécies do gênero Trichilia (Meliaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-15)
Matos, Andréia Pereira
;
Fernandes, João Batista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/269133607745960
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6155202940087696
This work describes the results of the search for insecticidal compounds from the Meliaceae family. The samples assayed against fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda were the hexane, methanol and hydromethanol extracts of twigs, leaves, seeds, aril and exocarp of T. catigua; twigs, leaves, fruits, seeds, aril and exocarp of T. claussenii and twigs, leaves and fruits of T. elegans. The hexane and methanol extracts of leaves, hexane of twigs and methanol of fruits from T. claussenii showed to possess the higher insecticidal activity against S. frugiperda. Nevertheless, the hexane and methanol extracts of fruits from T. elegans showed the highest rate of larval mortality (100 %). The hydromethanol extract of T. elegans showed moderate insecticidal activity and also showed growth inhibition and antifeedant activities. The active extracts were fractionated and the chemical study led to isolation of 20 compounds, including limonoids, triterpenes, coumarins, steroids and one sesquiterpene. From the hexane extract of leaves from T. claussenii were isolated the steroids β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and sitostenone; the triterpenoids α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol, lupenone, in addition to the cycloartane triterpene 24-methylen-26- hydroxycicloartan-3-on and sesquiterpene criptomeridiol. From the methanol extract of leaves of T. claussenii were isolated the steroids 24-methylen-3 β,4 β,22 α- trihydroxy-colesterol and 3- β-O- β-D-glucopyranosilsitosterol. From the methanol extract of fruits from T. elegans were isolated the coumarins 6,7- dimethoxycoumarin, 6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin e 7-hydroxycoumarin. The same coumarins and the steroids were also isolated from the hexane extract of fruits from T. elegans. The limonoids cedrelone and 11 β-methoxycedrelone were isolated from the hexane extract of aril from T. catigua. Limonoids methylangolensate together with the photogedunin epimeric mixture were isolated from the methanol extract of aril from T. catigua. This is first report of the isolation of limonoids from T. catigua. Triterpens isolated from Cedrela fissilis and limonoids isolated from Cipadessa fruticosa (Meliaceae) were tested against S. frugiperda. Among them odoratol showed the best results (insecticidal activity, growth inhibition and antifeedant). Febrifugin A showed the highest rate of mortality of total cycle (at 50 mg kg-1) of 73.3%.
Análise exploratória da prática da melhoria contínua em empresas fornecedoras do setor automobilístico e de bens de capital certificadas pela norma ISO 9001:2000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-15)
Gonzalez, Rodrigo Valio Dominguez
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The strong competition, prominent by the globalized dispute, stipulate that the organizations establish innovations much more frequent and rapid in order to attend the technological, economic and political changes which the society goes through. In this context, the continuous improvement of products and productive processes, which determines incremental and constant changes, is necessary to maintain the competitive company. The need of the organizations to emphasize the customers satisfaction makes the ISO 9001 (International Organization for Standardization) quality system to overview its approach, considering in its requirements this subject with the continuous improvement as well as management for processes. In spite of the norm demands a systemic and structured practice, the continuous improvement activities needs initiatives development, on behalf of the organizations, which goes further than programs and techniques, considering also cultural and behavioral aspects which allows the supported continuous improvement of products and processes. In conclusion, it can be pointed out that the norm ISO 9001:2000 relates only what to do and not how to proceed in order to ensure that the company really accomplishes the continuous improvement of its processes. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to analyses the practice of the continuous improvement, identifying the aspects that promote it, related to the individual culture and behavior as well as the organization as a whole. This work describes the results of an exploratory qualitative research accomplished in supplier companies of capital goods and automotive sectors, certified by the norm ISO 9001, analyzing how they promote its continuous improvement programs, considering the cultural development. Afterwards, considerations are accomplished through the examined companies to evaluate the differences identified among the sector organizations presented, concerning the practice of the continuous improvement and the cultural development which support it.
Da inversão à re-inversão do olhar: ritual e performance na capoeira angola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-16)
Simões, Rosa Maria Araújo
;
Cardoso, Marina Denise
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the capoeira angola from the anthropology of performance perspective. Through an ethnographic record, it was aimed to trace the background of the main masters who are responsible for its development and dissemination, mainly in the State of São Paulo; to understand the various aspects through which capoeira angola is represented by its practitioners; and apprehend the multiplicity of meanings that its analysis, being a ritual performance, can offer. In this aspect, the multivocal and multisensorial experiences gathered by capoeira angola, which would be the characteristics of the notion of ritual performance, prompted this analysis. Considering the capoeiristas background in a specific lineage (Mestre Pastinha s), it was possible to notice that angoleiros (capoeira angola followers) of the Centro Esportivo de Capoeira Angola Academia de João Pequeno de Pastinha followed some precepts regarding the body movement techniques, and thus, promoting the conveyance of a set of values that guided its practice. These techniques were related to capoeira angola not only in its definition as a game, fight, dance, sport, art, culture or life philosophy, but also in its several dimensions of practice that establishes an innate relation amongst body movements, music, and moral and esthetics nature principles. The understanding of such techniques brought to the light the capoeira angola strict esthetics basis and, making a symbolic analysis from the anthropology of performance view, the mestre angoleiro stands out as an artist and an educator .
Conjunto residencial Parque Vicente Leporace: marco de novas concepções urbanísticas na trajetória do BNH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-16)
Fuentes, Maria Cecília Sodré
;
Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
This work analyses the urban project of a housing sets named Parque Vicente Leporace. It is situated in the city of Franca, Sao Paulo State, developed by CECAP, at the end of the 70`s. The project methodology and the context are related to the historic process of arrangement the governmental policies to provide houses for worker in the country. It is distinguished from the others because of its great proportions and for having an urban project that is not traditional and very different, and which can be considered an example of the last phase of urban policy of National Housing Bank BNH-. Its importance lies in the particular characteristics of the project and the way it was implemented step by step. The construction of houses polarised a population of 15 thousand people, which means, they almost built a new town, which has a specific identity inside the city of Franca. It encouraged an urban expansion in that region whose main inhabitants were workers and people from the underclass, giving this place character and importance as a sub urban centre. The urban project was a result of urban majority thoughts during the BNH housing politicies and CECAP structuring at that time. There had already existed a provisional plan about the problems of product a social state housing in the country. The housing policies had decisive moments with crises sights and in the professional course tried to find solutions to urban problems of the housing sets.
Integração de padrões organizacionais e de processo ao método ágil Scrum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-17)
Costa Filho, Edes Garcia da
;
Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
Due to the increasing importance of software in society, the software engineering area has devoted continuous effort to improve the software products development process. Today, even with the technological progress, organizations are facing problems to build software within establishing time and costs. Organization and process patterns supply proven solutions to recurring software development process. These pattern categories allow reuse in higher abstract levels, that is, in organizational and process levels. However, else than improve and organize the software development process, organizations must speed up that process to attend market demands. Agile development methods such as Scrum and Extreme Programming (XP) are being often utilized due to the proposal of delivering quality software in less time. In that context, this paper proposes an organized form to use organizational and process patterns together with the Scrum agile method, to allow its extension or adaptation according to the needs of the organization that will use it. Based in use experience and using the SPEM metamodel, phases of integration of organizational and process patterns to Scrum have been proposed and used to create a Scrum extension. Scrum, as other agile methods, presents some weak points that need alternatives to improve them. So, using the phases devised, some organization and process patterns have been integrated to Scrum in order to deal with questions not approached by it. The result of a pilot evaluation study conducted to verify the advantages of that integration and of the SPEM modeling, has indicated the convenience to do them. After the application of the integration phases with some patterns and Scrum, the possibility of guidelines creation to integrate organizational and process patterns to other agile methods has been noted.
Estudo fitoquímico de Rauia sp e Conchocarpus macrophyllus (Rutaceae) e avaliação da atividade antiparasitária de extratos e substãncias isoladas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-17)
Albarici, Tatiane Regina
;
Vieira, Paulo Cezar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400181407309870
This work involved the study of plant extracts of the Rutaceae species. Among 16 extracts tested in assays carried out with T. cruzi gGAPDH and L. tarentolae APRT enzymes and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, four showed significant activities at least in one of them. The petroleum ether extract of stems of Conchocarpus macrophyllus (CMCF) and the methanolic extract of leaves of Rauia sp (RFM) showed 94% and 75% of parasitic lyses on trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi. The methanolic extract of leaves of Rauia sp1 (RF1M) showed 74% of inhibition of gGAPDH enzyme and the dichloromethane extract of stems of Conchocarpus macrophyllus (CMCD) showed 74% of inhibition of APRT enzyme. The methanolic extract of leaves of Rauia sp1 (RF1M) showed 67,9% of inhibition on the APRT enzyme assay. The phytochemical study of Rauia sp allowed the isolation of 30 substances among them 4 are described for the first time, the coumarins 3-ethylrauianin and 5-methoxyrauianin and the alkaloids 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine and 8- hydroxy-Nmethylflindersine that is described as a natural product at first time. Among them 26 have already been described in the literature the coumarins murranganone, 7- methoxy-8-(2-acetyloxy-3-methyl-1-oxobut-2-enyl)-coumarin, isomurranganone, murralongin, murrangatin, munomicrolin, murrangatin diacetate, rauianin, umbeliferone e isoescopoletin, the alkaloids N-methyl-4-methoxy-2-quinolone, mirtopsine, dictamine, γ-fagarine, skimmianine, Z-dimethylrhoifolinate, zantobungeanine, zantodioline and veprissine, the amides paprazine and N-transferuloyltyramine, the flavone 3,7,4 -trimethoxy-5-hydroxyflavone, the lignan siringaresinol, the fenolic coumpound vanilic acid and the steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. The phytochemical study of Conchocarpus macrophyllus allowed the isolation of 4 substances the alkaloids arborinine and methylarborinine and the steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Among the substances tested in one or more assays none of them showed satisfactory results, leading to conclude that either the active compounds have not been isolated or their activity is related to the combination effects.
Utilização de características intrínsecas das redes de sensores sem fio na detecção de invasões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-18)
Paula, Luciano Bernardes de
;
Trevelin, Luis Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736
The development of applications for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) grows quickly and they are being applied to solve problems considered impossible before. The great challenge for the developers of solutions that use WSNs is how to deal with the resources limitation like the low battery capacity, low processing power and small amount of memory that the sensor nodes have. The increasing in the utilization of this kind of network, including military and civil applications, makes the security menaces to them increase as well. On the other hand, every security strategy already developed to conventional computers network cannot be applied to the WSNs, because of their limitations. The great part of the known attacks against WSNs is initiated by the invasion of the network by malicious sensor nodes, launched by the attacker inside the area of the network. Some approaches proposed in the literature seek to identify the attacks and not the invasion by the intruder nodes. This work has as goal to define attributes that can be inserted in the network layer protocols for WSNs giving to the network the ability of detect invasions by external nodes, independently of the attack that they would perform.
Efeitos da lesão do núcleo septal intermediário sobre a ingestão de água e parâmetros cardiovasculares em ratos induzidas por diferentes protocolos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19)
Freiria-Oliveira, André Henrique
;
Saad, Wilson Abrão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9958857110669105
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0152151142555605
The involvement of the septal area in important regulatory mechanisms of water intake and cardiovascular adjustments has been shown by several studies. The aim of this work is to study the involvement of a subdivision of the lateral septal area on dipsogenic and cardiovascular adjustments. The effects of lateral septal intermediate nucleus lesions (LSI) on the water intake induced by different protocols, like angiotensin II and carbachol microinjected into the lateral ventricle, water deprivation by twenty four hours, intragastric hypertonic load and subcutaneous isoproterenol were investigated. We also studied the role of the LSI in cardiovascular changes induced by angiotensin II and carbachol microinjections into the lateral ventricle. Our results showed that the LSI rats did not alter body weight and did not alter the daily water intake when compared to the sham group. The LSI lesions affected the water intake induced by angiotensin II (7.6 ± 1.15 vs Sham: 17.01 ± 1.07 ml/60 min) and that induced by carbachol (9.58 ± 1.51 vs Sham: 13.62 ± 1.96 ml/60 min), as well as affected the pressor response produced by angiotensina II (∆  21.3 ± 1.5 vs Sham: ∆ 30.1 ± 2.5 mmHg) or induced by carbachol (∆ 39.0 ± 2.6 mmHg vs Sham: ∆ 49.9 ± 3.2 mmHg) into the lateral ventricle. The LSI lesions decreased dipsogenic responses after water deprivation (18.18 ± 0.81 vs Sham: 21.78± 1.23 ml/120 min) and after subcutaneus isoproterenol (5.4 ± 0.4 vs Sham: 8.4 ± 0.6 ml/120 min), but they did not decrease the water intake after intragastric hypertonic NaCl load (10.5 ± 0.47 vs Sham: 11.56 ± 1.24 ml/120 min). Thus, our results suggest the involvement of LSI through cholinergic and angiotensinergic mechanisms, as well as the central osmoreceptors activation, which possibly act by modulating the hypothalamic nucleus activity in both water intake and cardiovascular adjustments.
Análise filogeográfica de Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae) da região de Campos do Jordão (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19)
Zenatti, Priscila Pini
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The lambaris, which include small Astyanax scabripinnis fish, inhabit the headwaters of small streams, forming well known populational isolates. These populations are possibly inbred, presenting little or no gene flow and reduced size. It is believed that these characteristics have aided the fixation of a pronounced karyotypic variability, contributing to the elevated phenotypic plasticity observed between the populations. Due to these factors, this fish group has received special treatment, since they represent a species complex. However, despite abundant cytogenetic studies and all the attention granted to this group, such a polymorphism has not yet been verified on a molecular level and its phylogeny remains unresolved. The verification of whether the karyotypic variations found between the A. scabripinnis populations of the Campos do Jordão region also exist on a molecular level, the estimate of part of the current phylogenetic relationships between them and, also, the verification of whether there is any relationship between the presence or absence of B chromosomes in this species with the observed haplotypic diversity was possible through the analysis of the intraspecific genetic variation of a part of the mitochondrial cytochrome b. The results corroborate the hypothesis that these populations were in contact prior to the elevation of the Serra da Mantiqueira and that they are currently geographically separated. The phylogenetic relationships between the studied populations are discussed. The absence of evolutionary relationship between the cytochrome b gene and the supernumerary chromosomes of these populations was observed.
Avifauna de fragmentos de Mata Atlântica da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, Brasil, com ênfase na estrutura trófica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-20)
Telino Júnior, Wallace Rodrigues
;
Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
The study of the diet of birds can supply important information on the structure trophic of communities, as well as of the physical conditions of the atmosphere in that you/they live. There are few detailed studies on alimentary items of the Brazilian birds, mainly in the northeast area of Brazil. This work had as general objective to demonstrate the organization trófica in fragments of Atlantic forest in the State of Pernambuco. The registrations of the birds were based on observations in situ, data of the literature, study of the scientific collection of birds of UFPE, besides interviews with residents of the area. The categorization trófica felt through observations of I forage, analysis of the fecal content and data of the literature. This last analysis was just accomplished in the fragments of the Ecological Station of Tapacurá (EET), where the captured birds had their collected feces and analyzed at the laboratory of entomology of UFSCar. During this research 255 species of birds were registered for the three studied fragments. He/she gave total, 225 species were classified for the State Reservation of Gurjaú, 183 species for Camocim and 172 for the Downpour, being distributed in 53 families and 11 subfamilies. Of the general total of the striped birds there was prevalence of the species insetívoras (n = 113), following by the omnivorous ones (n = 65) and of the granívoras (n = 19). In gurjaú the percentile of insetívoras was of 44% and of omnivorous, 26,22%; in Camocim the percentile was from 45,90% to insetívoras and 27,32% for omnivorous; in the fragment of the Downpour 46,51% insetívoras and 29,07% omnivorous. The birds of more specialized diets as the frugivorous ones, appear in third place, with larger number of species in Gurjaú (n = 18), in that you/they stand out those species of larger load, as example: Crypturellus soui, Pionus maximiliani, Pteroglossus aracari and Pteroglossus inscriptus, were observed in all of the Reservation's fragments during the research. However, in Camocim and in the Downpour the number of frugivorous species was very smaller (n = 8 and 7 respectively), being less of the half of that found in Gurjaú; there was not registration of big frugivorous. In Gurjaú, species specialist insetívoras, ant-of-honesty followers and climbers of trunks were observed, and frugivorous of great load. Of the 252 samples of analyzed feces, the species insetívoras prevailed in the results (n = 31), following by those omnivorous ones (n = 8) and frugivorous (n = 6). Among the insetívoras, Tyrannidae (n = 16) it was the family with larger number of species and the subfamily Elaeniinae stands out, representing 68,75%. among the frugivorous ones, only three species of the family Pipridae and three of the subfamily Thraupinae were captured. Among the captured individuals they prevailed the exclusive insetívoros (n = 184), and after, omnivorous (n = 37), frugivorous (n = 28) and granívoros (n = 2). The results of this work demonstrate that the Reservation of Gurjaú presents support capacity to shelter species specialist insetívoras (e.g. Pyriglena leuconota, Conopophaga melanops and Conopophaga lineata) and big frugivorous (e.g. Pionus maximiliani, Pteroglossus aracari and Pteroglossus. inscriptus). The fragments of the Ecological Station of Tapacurá present a smaller number of specialized insetívoros and any big one frugivorous, due to the great alteration antrópica happened in the area and the isolation of the fragments by the monoculture of the sugarcane, impeding or hindering the permanence of more sensitive birds to environmental alterations.
Métodos para um sistema de animação facial baseado em aquisição estereoscópica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-20)
Assaf, Rodrigo
;
Saito, José Hiroki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
Facial animation has been widely used in many areas of applications and entertainment, presenting high levels of details and technology. However, its implementation still demands lots of hard work from the producer team. Aiming at the adaptation of a stereoscopic system to a financial low cost facial animation system, this research covers animation subjects and their main principles, in order to use them on an animated face. Studies on face anatomy, such as bones and muscles, are considered important to enhance the facial animation results. Several paradigms are covered in order to demonstrate the actual stage of this computer graphic area. The main aspects of a stereoscopic system, which uses two images as reference, presented in this work, are focused on a method development for a facial animation system. This research is based on facial control points on a human face, which is 3D modeled using the box modeling technique. The 3D virtual face is used to apply an ending result of a facial expression or lip sync obtained from the methods of stereoscopy, association and interpolation. The use of the stereoscopy demonstrated to be an efficient technique to capture 3D coordinates from real faces and use them to develop a realistic facial animation. The re-use, portability, target morphing, and key frames are the main contributions of the use of the stereoscopy in a facial animation system.
Planejamento da produção e da logística para empresas produtoras de sementes de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-23)
Junqueira, Rogério de Ávila Ribeiro
;
Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
The production of corn seeds involves a complex agro-industrial production chain whose main agents must offer products of high quality and low price to stay competitive. Efficient tools to coordinate this chain are thus essential to fulfill these conditions. This work proposes a linear programming model for the strategic planning of production, storing and transportation, designed to minimize production, transportation and tax costs. The model is a function of crop planning, capacity and client demand restrictions. Although relevant to the product s final cost, taxes are not traditionally considered by the planning methods currently used by the seed industry. The raw material is generally sent to the industrial unit closest to the farm; proximity to the end consumer is of secondary importance. The main productive processes and features of the seed industry described here are based on literature and visits to plants that produce corn seeds. The mathematical model detailed in this work is implemented using the GAMS programming language and the resulting system of equations solved with CPLEX. The model was validated by using different scenarios with real-world data collected during the visits to the plants; the results were consistent with those expected. Next, the results given by the model of a case study with data for an entire season were compared against those obtained by one of the companies employing the traditional method of shortest distance between farm and industrial unit. The proposed model showed a substantial decrease in total cost when compared to the traditional method. This study also confirmed the importance of integrating taxes with production and transportation planning at the logistics level.
Investigação empírica sobre os efeitos da adoção do modelo do Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade na medição de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-23)
Oliveira, Gerusa Tinasi de
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
The changing basis of competition has emphasized the role of performance measurement as a strategic and competitive requirement for many organizations. In such context, companies from different countries have applied quality management methods as a manner to achieve organizational development. In Brazil, the National Quality Foundation (NQF) manages the Brazilian National Quality Award (BNQA), an award aimed at recognizing management excellence in organizations. In the same way, performance measurement has evolved in order to assess organizational performance, support strategy formulation and guide decision making. For performance measurement to contribute to competitiveness improvement, it is necessary the usage and management of performance information. In this sense, the objective of this study is to empirically investigate how companies which have adopted the Brazilian National Quality Award model for total quality management have altered their performance measurement systems. The research is based on the Lakatos investigation program, in an attempt to explain a perspective on paradigmatic change, like the changes in performance measurement emanating from the adoption of the BNQA management model. Hence, the empirical research here presented was designed and carried out by means of a combination of methods: documental research and multiple case studies. The main findings of the study, after the analysis and interpretation of the information gathered by both research methods, seem to indicate that the adoption of the Brazilian National Quality Award management model may be considered a catalyst for the changes in managerial practices and performance measurement of the studied companies.