Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2006-05-19"

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Efeitos da lesão do núcleo septal intermediário sobre a ingestão de água e parâmetros cardiovasculares em ratos induzidas por diferentes protocolos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19)
Freiria-Oliveira, André Henrique
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Saad, Wilson Abrão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9958857110669105
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0152151142555605
The involvement of the septal area in important regulatory mechanisms of water intake and cardiovascular adjustments has been shown by several studies. The aim of this work is to study the involvement of a subdivision of the lateral septal area on dipsogenic and cardiovascular adjustments. The effects of lateral septal intermediate nucleus lesions (LSI) on the water intake induced by different protocols, like angiotensin II and carbachol microinjected into the lateral ventricle, water deprivation by twenty four hours, intragastric hypertonic load and subcutaneous isoproterenol were investigated. We also studied the role of the LSI in cardiovascular changes induced by angiotensin II and carbachol microinjections into the lateral ventricle. Our results showed that the LSI rats did not alter body weight and did not alter the daily water intake when compared to the sham group. The LSI lesions affected the water intake induced by angiotensin II (7.6 ± 1.15 vs Sham: 17.01 ± 1.07 ml/60 min) and that induced by carbachol (9.58 ± 1.51 vs Sham: 13.62 ± 1.96 ml/60 min), as well as affected the pressor response produced by angiotensina II (∆  21.3 ± 1.5 vs Sham: ∆ 30.1 ± 2.5 mmHg) or induced by carbachol (∆ 39.0 ± 2.6 mmHg vs Sham: ∆ 49.9 ± 3.2 mmHg) into the lateral ventricle. The LSI lesions decreased dipsogenic responses after water deprivation (18.18 ± 0.81 vs Sham: 21.78± 1.23 ml/120 min) and after subcutaneus isoproterenol (5.4 ± 0.4 vs Sham: 8.4 ± 0.6 ml/120 min), but they did not decrease the water intake after intragastric hypertonic NaCl load (10.5 ± 0.47 vs Sham: 11.56 ± 1.24 ml/120 min). Thus, our results suggest the involvement of LSI through cholinergic and angiotensinergic mechanisms, as well as the central osmoreceptors activation, which possibly act by modulating the hypothalamic nucleus activity in both water intake and cardiovascular adjustments.
Análise filogeográfica de Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae) da região de Campos do Jordão (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19)
Zenatti, Priscila Pini
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The lambaris, which include small Astyanax scabripinnis fish, inhabit the headwaters of small streams, forming well known populational isolates. These populations are possibly inbred, presenting little or no gene flow and reduced size. It is believed that these characteristics have aided the fixation of a pronounced karyotypic variability, contributing to the elevated phenotypic plasticity observed between the populations. Due to these factors, this fish group has received special treatment, since they represent a species complex. However, despite abundant cytogenetic studies and all the attention granted to this group, such a polymorphism has not yet been verified on a molecular level and its phylogeny remains unresolved. The verification of whether the karyotypic variations found between the A. scabripinnis populations of the Campos do Jordão region also exist on a molecular level, the estimate of part of the current phylogenetic relationships between them and, also, the verification of whether there is any relationship between the presence or absence of B chromosomes in this species with the observed haplotypic diversity was possible through the analysis of the intraspecific genetic variation of a part of the mitochondrial cytochrome b. The results corroborate the hypothesis that these populations were in contact prior to the elevation of the Serra da Mantiqueira and that they are currently geographically separated. The phylogenetic relationships between the studied populations are discussed. The absence of evolutionary relationship between the cytochrome b gene and the supernumerary chromosomes of these populations was observed.
Avifauna de fragmentos de Mata Atlântica da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, Brasil, com ênfase na estrutura trófica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-20)
Telino Júnior, Wallace Rodrigues
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
The study of the diet of birds can supply important information on the structure trophic of communities, as well as of the physical conditions of the atmosphere in that you/they live. There are few detailed studies on alimentary items of the Brazilian birds, mainly in the northeast area of Brazil. This work had as general objective to demonstrate the organization trófica in fragments of Atlantic forest in the State of Pernambuco. The registrations of the birds were based on observations in situ, data of the literature, study of the scientific collection of birds of UFPE, besides interviews with residents of the area. The categorization trófica felt through observations of I forage, analysis of the fecal content and data of the literature. This last analysis was just accomplished in the fragments of the Ecological Station of Tapacurá (EET), where the captured birds had their collected feces and analyzed at the laboratory of entomology of UFSCar. During this research 255 species of birds were registered for the three studied fragments. He/she gave total, 225 species were classified for the State Reservation of Gurjaú, 183 species for Camocim and 172 for the Downpour, being distributed in 53 families and 11 subfamilies. Of the general total of the striped birds there was prevalence of the species insetívoras (n = 113), following by the omnivorous ones (n = 65) and of the granívoras (n = 19). In gurjaú the percentile of insetívoras was of 44% and of omnivorous, 26,22%; in Camocim the percentile was from 45,90% to insetívoras and 27,32% for omnivorous; in the fragment of the Downpour 46,51% insetívoras and 29,07% omnivorous. The birds of more specialized diets as the frugivorous ones, appear in third place, with larger number of species in Gurjaú (n = 18), in that you/they stand out those species of larger load, as example: Crypturellus soui, Pionus maximiliani, Pteroglossus aracari and Pteroglossus inscriptus, were observed in all of the Reservation's fragments during the research. However, in Camocim and in the Downpour the number of frugivorous species was very smaller (n = 8 and 7 respectively), being less of the half of that found in Gurjaú; there was not registration of big frugivorous. In Gurjaú, species specialist insetívoras, ant-of-honesty followers and climbers of trunks were observed, and frugivorous of great load. Of the 252 samples of analyzed feces, the species insetívoras prevailed in the results (n = 31), following by those omnivorous ones (n = 8) and frugivorous (n = 6). Among the insetívoras, Tyrannidae (n = 16) it was the family with larger number of species and the subfamily Elaeniinae stands out, representing 68,75%. among the frugivorous ones, only three species of the family Pipridae and three of the subfamily Thraupinae were captured. Among the captured individuals they prevailed the exclusive insetívoros (n = 184), and after, omnivorous (n = 37), frugivorous (n = 28) and granívoros (n = 2). The results of this work demonstrate that the Reservation of Gurjaú presents support capacity to shelter species specialist insetívoras (e.g. Pyriglena leuconota, Conopophaga melanops and Conopophaga lineata) and big frugivorous (e.g. Pionus maximiliani, Pteroglossus aracari and Pteroglossus. inscriptus). The fragments of the Ecological Station of Tapacurá present a smaller number of specialized insetívoros and any big one frugivorous, due to the great alteration antrópica happened in the area and the isolation of the fragments by the monoculture of the sugarcane, impeding or hindering the permanence of more sensitive birds to environmental alterations.
Métodos para um sistema de animação facial baseado em aquisição estereoscópica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-20)
Assaf, Rodrigo
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Saito, José Hiroki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
Facial animation has been widely used in many areas of applications and entertainment, presenting high levels of details and technology. However, its implementation still demands lots of hard work from the producer team. Aiming at the adaptation of a stereoscopic system to a financial low cost facial animation system, this research covers animation subjects and their main principles, in order to use them on an animated face. Studies on face anatomy, such as bones and muscles, are considered important to enhance the facial animation results. Several paradigms are covered in order to demonstrate the actual stage of this computer graphic area. The main aspects of a stereoscopic system, which uses two images as reference, presented in this work, are focused on a method development for a facial animation system. This research is based on facial control points on a human face, which is 3D modeled using the box modeling technique. The 3D virtual face is used to apply an ending result of a facial expression or lip sync obtained from the methods of stereoscopy, association and interpolation. The use of the stereoscopy demonstrated to be an efficient technique to capture 3D coordinates from real faces and use them to develop a realistic facial animation. The re-use, portability, target morphing, and key frames are the main contributions of the use of the stereoscopy in a facial animation system.
Planejamento da produção e da logística para empresas produtoras de sementes de milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-23)
Junqueira, Rogério de Ávila Ribeiro
;
Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
The production of corn seeds involves a complex agro-industrial production chain whose main agents must offer products of high quality and low price to stay competitive. Efficient tools to coordinate this chain are thus essential to fulfill these conditions. This work proposes a linear programming model for the strategic planning of production, storing and transportation, designed to minimize production, transportation and tax costs. The model is a function of crop planning, capacity and client demand restrictions. Although relevant to the product s final cost, taxes are not traditionally considered by the planning methods currently used by the seed industry. The raw material is generally sent to the industrial unit closest to the farm; proximity to the end consumer is of secondary importance. The main productive processes and features of the seed industry described here are based on literature and visits to plants that produce corn seeds. The mathematical model detailed in this work is implemented using the GAMS programming language and the resulting system of equations solved with CPLEX. The model was validated by using different scenarios with real-world data collected during the visits to the plants; the results were consistent with those expected. Next, the results given by the model of a case study with data for an entire season were compared against those obtained by one of the companies employing the traditional method of shortest distance between farm and industrial unit. The proposed model showed a substantial decrease in total cost when compared to the traditional method. This study also confirmed the importance of integrating taxes with production and transportation planning at the logistics level.
Investigação empírica sobre os efeitos da adoção do modelo do Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade na medição de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-23)
Oliveira, Gerusa Tinasi de
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
The changing basis of competition has emphasized the role of performance measurement as a strategic and competitive requirement for many organizations. In such context, companies from different countries have applied quality management methods as a manner to achieve organizational development. In Brazil, the National Quality Foundation (NQF) manages the Brazilian National Quality Award (BNQA), an award aimed at recognizing management excellence in organizations. In the same way, performance measurement has evolved in order to assess organizational performance, support strategy formulation and guide decision making. For performance measurement to contribute to competitiveness improvement, it is necessary the usage and management of performance information. In this sense, the objective of this study is to empirically investigate how companies which have adopted the Brazilian National Quality Award model for total quality management have altered their performance measurement systems. The research is based on the Lakatos investigation program, in an attempt to explain a perspective on paradigmatic change, like the changes in performance measurement emanating from the adoption of the BNQA management model. Hence, the empirical research here presented was designed and carried out by means of a combination of methods: documental research and multiple case studies. The main findings of the study, after the analysis and interpretation of the information gathered by both research methods, seem to indicate that the adoption of the Brazilian National Quality Award management model may be considered a catalyst for the changes in managerial practices and performance measurement of the studied companies.
Justiça, profissionalismo e política: o Supremo Tribunal Federal e o controle da constitucionalidade das leis no Brasil (1988-2003)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-24)
Oliveira, Fabiana Luci de
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Bonelli, Maria da Glória
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9487149052862292
This research focuses on the interactions among law, professionalism and politics in Brazil. The primary intent is to understand the judicial behavior of Brazil s Supreme Court in the exercise of judicial review, from the promulgation of the 1988 s Constitution to march, 2003. We analyzed Justices votes in decisions regarding the constitutionality of laws (ADINS) in search of the factors that most influenced the Court s decisions. We analyzed these decisions both, quantitatively and qualitatively, in search of a) factors that determine justices votes and the court decisions; b) differences in vote corresponding to the career of each member of the Court, c) the justices profile and the way they clustered to vote, and d) the Justices attitudes as either Constitution interpreters or reproducers of legal texts. The theoretical and methodological approaches that guide this discussion of the interaction of the juridical (professional) and the political action of the Court were derived from the sociology of professions and the judicial politics approaches. From the results we can conclude that law and politics are extremely related in the decision making process of Brazil s Supreme Court, and professionalism works in this relationship as a way of distinction, a legitimacy source of an actor that has great political power but lacks electoral support.
Mineração multi-relacional: o algoritmo GFP-growth
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-25)
Pizzi, Luciene Cristina
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Vieira, Marina Teresa Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5446518523049572
Data mining is the phase of the knowledge discovery in database process where an algorithm is applied to the available data, in order to prove a hypothesis or discover a still unknown pattern. The traditional data mining techniques can deal only with single tables; however it is interesting to look for patterns involving several related tables, aiming to analyze the existing relation between the entities present in one table and the data of the same entities present in another table. Depending on the relationship existing between these tables, applying a traditional algorithm to the joint table is not sufficient, as the joint table may contain duplicated attribute values which interfere in the analysis process of the generated rules. In order to solve this problem, this project adopts an approach which consists on looking for association rules mining the joint table. The adopted process considers the groups of tuples, where each group is formed by tuples of the same entity. Following this approach the GFP-Growth algorithm was developed, which is presented in this monograph along with its results and comparisons with other multi-relational algorithms.
Projeto de um ambiente 3D de visualização e reprodução de eventos capturados e interpretados a partir de ambientes físicos cientes de contexto para aplicações de preparação para emergência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-25)
Lopes, Altieres Ribeiro
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6735711209617838
Systems for emergency preparedness support, especially those for accurate monitoring of physical environments subjected to emergency situations, are valuable resources for companies and civil defense public institutions, since these systems can help avoiding and/or reducing lives and patrimony losses. Most of the existing monitoring systems described in the literature have limitations, such as: no posterior visualization of emergency situations that have occurred; limited to specific types of applications; inaccurate identification of risk situations; etc. In this work, a system was proposed and evaluated that aims to overcome these limitations through the integrated use of wireless actor and sensor networks, context aware computing and virtual reality. The work consisted on the creation, implementation and evaluation of a recording and playing 3D media in which physical environments subjected to emergency situations are deployed sensors with processing and communication resources. These sensors capture and interpret contexts, which are mapped, through a visual language, on a 3D virtual environment that mimics the physical environment. The use of virtual reality for visualization and access in real-time2 or afterwards of situations that are occurring in the physical environment, through a 3D Virtual Environment, can overcome the limitations of hypermedia interfaces or continuous media, like video, when the experiences of the real world are very complex. This work describes the project of a recording and playing system, which allows users to play live experiences gathered from the real world for analysis, evaluation, monitoring and training. The novelty of the system resides in two aspects: it uses an optimized recording technique that saves processing time and storage space; it records scene updating commands independent from 3D Players, allowing the visualization of the collaborative virtual environment (CVE) through any existing 3D web players. In collaboration with the Arts and Communication Department (DAC) of UFSCar, a visual language to prompt identification of emergency situations was created as well as an interface to complex systems. Examples of use include the monitoring of industrial plants, flight rehearsals, petrol exploration platforms, etc. This work is part of a collaborative Project between the Networked Virtual Reality Lab (LRVNet) of the Computer Science Department at UFSCar and PARADISE Lab of SITE at University of Ottawa.
Respostas ao estresse osmótico e hipóxico em traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei, Erythrinedae) aspectos fisiológicos e adaptativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-25)
Sakuragui, Marise Margareth
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9839007287526459
The stress level, via change in the plasma concentration of cortisol and the physiological and metabolic responses caused by osmotic shock and hypoxia and the effect of cortisol injection on theses responses, were studied in traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, injected and non-injected with cortisol exogenous (IC) and maintained in water similar to it natural environment (C- control) and in deionized water (AD) in normoxia (PO2 = 140 mmHg) and severe hypoxia (H, PO2 = 25-30 mmHg) during 48h. Animals injected with soy oil consisted the sham-operated group (TEST). Blood variables, pH, hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb), osmolality, Na+, K+, and Cl- ion concentration, cortisol, glucose, lactate, ammonium and protein concentration were determined following 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48h in each experimental condition, after blood sample obtained via implanted catheter in the ventral vein. Twenty four and forty eight hours after the beginning of experiments, the gills of 5 animals from each group were removed for determination of Na+/K+-ATPase activity and chloride cell (CC) density using immunohistochemistry against Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme. Osmotic shock resulted in slow increasing of cortisol level in normoxia until 24h in group AD and fast increasing (6h) in fish exposed to hypoxia evidencing that the activation of hypothalamus hypophysis -interrenal axis depends on stressor agent. Cortisol injection (IC) in normoxia induced plasma glucose increasing in all experimental groups, with exception of AD group compared with controls that showed a tendency to increase only after 36-48h. During hypoxia, glucose increased in the DH+IC group only on the first 24h. Hydromineral unbalance, in normoxia, was observed with the increase of [Na+] and [K+] in all experimental groups and a decreasing of plasma [Cl-] only in the AD group in 6 and 24h, returning to values of control group after 36h, meanwhile, in hypoxia, the osmolality, [Cl-] and [Na+] decreased on the first 12, 6 and 12h, respectively, in non-injected groups. Transitory [K+] disturbance was observed in ADH (6h) and CH+IC (24 and 48h) groups. Changes in plasma glucose and lactate were observed in all injected groups in normoxia and hypoxia (with exception lactate concentration in CH+IC group), which evidences a possible effect of cortisol on these responses. In normoxia, the increasing of lactate, glucose and Na+ concentration in the injected groups may be related to exogenous cortisol and/or cholinergic activation instead of HHI activation axis. The changes of plasma glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ammonium and proteins suggested an increase of energy demand to homeostasis maintenance as a consequence of changes in cortisol. The significant increasing of pH may be due to metabolic alkalosis caused by a decreasing in plasma K+ and Cl- ions, which may stimulate the secretion of H+ ions to renal tubules in AD group in normoxia, while the increasing of pH in hypoxia may be explained by carbonic anhydrase activity in the erythrocytes with H+ production that combined with Hb+ or was changed with bicarbonate (HCO3 -/Cl-) in ADH. The reduction of pH, in hypoxia, in the ADH+IC group may be due to increase of lactate produced by cellular metabolism (acid metabolic). Hct showed a tendency to decrease, in normoxia, on the first 6h in C, TEST and AD groups and 12h in C+IC group, and to increase in the AD+IC group in 6 and 24h. In hypoxia, the Hct decreased on the first 6h in ADH+IC group and 12h in the CH, ADH e CH+ IC groups. Hb concentration did not change either in normoxia or hypoxia. Two chloride cell populations were identified in the gill filaments and lamellae of H. malabaricus; light-CC and dark-CC are restricted in the filaments an rarely in the lamellae. After osmotic and hypoxic stresses there were a density increase of CC of both types in the filament and lamella. Dark-CC density (mature and/or active) increased with the increase of cortisol levels and, consequently, the Na+/K+-ATPase activity followed these increasing in CC. The results of present study evidenced that the cortisol increasing above it basal level in H. malabaricus affect in the ionic equilibrium and energetic metabolism in fish kept in environment similar to it natural habitat. However, the effects of stress on the ionic equilibrium and metabolism may be reduced if cortisol level is above of the basal level of this species.
Caracterização e germinação de sementes de Aegiphyla sellowiana Cham
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-25)
Biruel, Rosangela Peres
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Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5566884806328331
Aprendizado supervisionado usando redes neurais construtivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-25)
Bertini Junior, João Roberto
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Nicoletti, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6454154048263145
Constructive neural learning is a neural learning model that does not assume a fixed network topology before training begins. The main characteristic of this learning model is the dynamic construction of the network s hidden layers that occurs simultaneously with training. This work investigates three topics related to constructive neural learning namely algorithms for training an individual TLU, constructive neural algorithms for two class problems and constructive neural algorithms for multiclass problems. The first research topic is approached by discussing a few TLU training algorithms, namely Perceptron, Pocket, Thermal, Modified Thermal, MinOver and BCP. This work approaches constructive neural learning for two class classification tasks by initially reviewing Tower, Pyramid, Tiling and Upstart algorithms, aiming at their multiclass versions. Next five constructive neural algorithms namely Shift, Offset, PTI, Perceptron Cascade and Sequential are investigated and two hybrid algorithms are proposed: Hybrid Tiling, that does not restrict the TLU s training to only one algorithm and the OffTiling, a collaborative approach based on Tiling and Offset. Multiclass constructive neural learning was approached by investigating TLUs training algorithms that deal with multiclass as well as by investigating multiclass versions of Tower, Pyramid, Tiling, Upstart and Perceptron Cascade. This research work also describes an empirical evaluation of all the investigated algorithms conducted using several knowledge domains. Results are discussed and analyzed.
Florística e fitossociologia de um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa das terras baixas na Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Linhares - ES
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Paula, Alessandro de
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Soares, João Juares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6093800182799882
The aim of this work was to analyze the floristic composition and horizontal structure of a stretch of the arboreal vegetation in the Biological Reserve of Sooretama. The survey was restricted to a phytosociological sample done on one hundred contiguous portions of 10 x 10 meters. Individuals with PBH ≥ 15 cm were sampled. The forest was segmented in three vertical strata, allowing EIV calculation. A meter and a meter width were used as first center class. A total of 1519 individuals were sampled, distributed in 265 species, 138 genera and 44 families. The Shannon s Index (H ) found was 4,87 nats. In relation to the threatened species, 16 consist in the Red List of Espírito Santo State. The Biological Reserve of Sooretama obtained 57% of similarity with the Natural Reserve of CVRD. The species Rinorea bahiensis (Moric.) Kuntze prevailed in the three strata, with has the largest EIV. The group of the late secondary stood out in all the strata. The stand was considered at advanced successional stage.
Diagnóstico da aplicação de cores em projetos web baseado em uma metodologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Buchdid, Samuel Bastos
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
This work have used a colors application methodology in the project Web, elaborated by Luciana Martha Silveira, as a systematic of analysis of virtual environments, applied here in the domain of Distance Learning (DL). That methodology presents five fundamental axes which include the physical, physiologic and symbolic aspects involved in the chromatic perception. The search for problems identification and the aiming for their possible solutions was the main goal of the present work, in agreement with the chromatic context that each site is inserted, considering the need to have a way of revising the systems Web, which are available to the visitors of those websites. The recurring problems in sites were identified in that application domain, and the solutions were aimed in regard of the methodology applied. It is waited that the formalized results in the analyses and the identification of the problem/solution pairs in that domain of colors application would be able to help the designer in chromatic composition of sites aesthetically more attractive and intuitive, including a larger degree usability.
A comunidade de peixes dos reservatórios dos trechos médio e baixo do rio Tietê, com ênfase nas espécies introduzidas Plagioscion squamosissimus e Geophagus surinamensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Moretto, Evandro Mateus
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Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7081792205107960
From sixties, the fish species introduction has been being a constant event in the reservoir system located on middle and low Tietê River - SP, which resulted the success introduction of Plagiosicon squamosissimus and Cichla cf. ocellaris in all these reservoirs. According to this context, the present work objectified characterize the fish community, with focus on the introduction analysis of Geophagus surinamensis, a not-native specie, and its probable progressive occupation in the system, like that already had occurred with Plagioscion squamosissimus. The results showed the occurrence of Geophagus surinamensis is confirmed in these reservoir system, indicating that its fast occupation in the Três Irmãos reservoir is made possible by the free connection that Pereira Barreto provides between Três Irmãos reservoir and Ilha Solteira reservoir, on the Paraná River. This way, it is evident the great possibility that the Geophagus surinamensis comes to be disperse for the whole reservoir system of middle and low Tietê River, like that already had occurred for the Plagioscion squamosissimus. Then, it is important to consider the Geophagus surinamensis in management programs for the Três Irmãos reservoir, so as to control and to reduce its density and of avoiding its effective spread for the others reservoirs of Tietê River.
O impacto da ocupação de fundos de vale em áreas urbanas. Caso: Córrego do Gregório - São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Borges, Juliana Queiroz
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
The present work proposes a debate that interrelates three areas of knowledge urbanization, urban drainage and social segregation and has the main purpose to analyze the occupation of river marginal areas in urban places as the main cause for temporary social segregation. It also proposes a discussion about this impact caused by the occurrence of floods. The research strategy used is the study of an exploratory single case made in the city of São Carlos-SP, more specifically in the central area belonging to the Gregório River Basin, characterized for having solid occupation with great commercial activity. Besides theoretical basis, we have done a research on how many floods have occurred during 1995 and 2005, in the works fulfilled by the City Government, and also interviews with five groups of social actors. The results obtained with the conclusion of the work had, in its greatest parts, a social and educational value, involving consciousness of the necessity of environment preservation; of the eventually irreversible damages caused by the occupation of environmentally fragile areas, such as floodable fertile valleys. The research has also been detached as a relevant instrument to subsidize new debates and researches. As far as the social actors are included, we have verified that the most damaged ones in the cases of floods, in the unity of analysis, were the businessmen, and 70% of these consider themselves victims of temporary social segregation. This way, it was possible to confirm the main hypothesis of the work: temporary social segregation can be considered a consequence of inadequate occupation of river marginal areas in urban places, and this may involve lots of situations, including the ones that do not refer to the condition of poverty and misery.
Suporte a ambientes virtuais colaborativos de larga escala em redes peer-to-peer, com gerenciamento de distribuição de dados em conformidade com o padrão HLA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Vieira, Néstor Daniel Heredia
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3531642710531618
In Large Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments LSCVEs, extensive synthetic 3D environments are shared among a large number of users that collaborate towards the same objective. As all users in these environments need immediate answer for their actions and these actions must be sent to all participating users, the application success depends not only on a strong graphic processing but also in the capacity of the network to deliver information in time. Data distribution management algorithms in conformity with the High Level Architecture / Run Time Infrastructure (HLA/RTI) pattern for parallel and distributed simulations have been used to reduce latency and to limit and control the data amount exchanged during simulations. The data distribution of LSCVEs is generally made by one of these communication models: client/server or Peer-to-peer. Differently of the client/server where the server can be a bottleneck of the network, in Peer-to-peer solutions the tasks are distributed and consequently applications are scalable, i.e., support a crescent client number. Motivated by these largely studied and commonly used technologies, a fault tolerant and low latency solution was searched, addressing the strict requirements of large scale collaborative virtual environments simulations. This was made in conformity with the HLA pattern, which users, using their own computer connected at Gnutella network, can participate in simulation sessions without the limitations found in kits that support distributed simulations like the RTI-Kit existent. For this reason an architecture was proposed with data distribution management in conformity with the HLA/RTI and that use the Gnutella Peer-to-peer communication model to make available and to share these environments over Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs). Towards this propose simulations were made comparing the RTI-Kit developed by Georgia Tech with one speed objects and the RTI-Kit Adapted with varied speed objects in a cluster. The evaluation of the total time of the federation execution, the total number of the multicast messages generated and the total number of messages exchanged by the grid originated graphics that show up considerable increasing in the time and the number of messages exchanged by the grid mainly. In the same way the fault tolerant technique was evaluated.
Morfologia, morfometria, distribuição de células mucosas e de cloreto em embriões e larvas de jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae). Efeito do pH e concentração de cálcio e magnésio da água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Silva, Lenise Vargas Flôres da
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
The ions Ca2+, Mg2+ and the water pH influence the morphological and morphometric characters and also in the ionic regulation of fish. The objective of this study was describe the morphological and morphometric development pattern of Rhamdia quelen embryo and larvae; and to identify and determine the distribution of mucous and chloride cells in order to evaluate the effect of water pH and hardness in different Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration. After fertilization the eggs were maintained at water pH 7.0 and 8.0 with three different Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations (mg L-1): hardness 20 mg L-1 CaCO3 (5.0 Ca2+: 2.08 Mg2+, control) and hardness 70 mg L-1 CaCO3 (20 Ca2+:5.59 Mg2+ and 23 Ca2+: 2.08 Mg2+) at 24±1oC. The eggs (24 h post fertilization- hpf) and larvae (each 6 hours) 6 to 48 and 216 h post hatchery (hph) were collected to analyze the hatching rate, survival and larvae growth, morphological and morphometrics characters associates the vision (eye), feeding (development and functionality digestive tract) and swimming abilities (fins), the distribution of mucus and chloride cells, Na+/K+-ATPase activity enzyme, and whole body ionic content in embryo and larvae homogenate. The fertilization, hatching rate, post-hatch survival, weight and length (48 and 216h) were higher in pH 8,0 and did not show significance difference related with Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations. These suggest that the pH 8.0 is indicated to Rhamdia quelen larvae culture. The increase of water hardness to 70 mg L-1 CaCO3, mainly 20 mg L-1 Ca2+ and 5,59 mg L-1 Mg2+ concentrations is recommended to both pH device improve the total body area larvae. The increase of hardness with 23 mg L-1 Ca2+, is not adequate for Rhamdia quelen larvae, as this Ca2+ concentration occurs an ionic unbalance Na+ and Cl- in both pHs. However, the morphology did not change by pH and Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations used. The developmental stage between 6-216 hph was considered as critic period, device the development of osmorregulatory structures (gills, intestine and kidney) and the necessary changes to begin the exogenous feeding (open mouth, digestive tract, urogenital hole). Therefore, it is important information to researches and/or fisheries to improve the techniques and handlings for Rhamdia quelen early stages larvae culture to optimize the environmental conditions. The mucous cell density show a relation with water Ca2+ concentration, and it is suggest that beyond the possible adaptive responses, apparently the mucous cells number in silver catfish larvae (Rhamdia quelen) are influenced by hardness (Ca2+ increases) and water pH in the early phases. The larvae cultivated in pH 7.0 show high mucous cell and chloride cell number than in pH 8.0. The water hardness 70 mg L-1 CaCO3 (independently Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration) changed the chloride cell density in the first hours post hatchery (6-12 h), and the number of these cells was lower in both pHs. Then, these results suggest that the mucous and chloride cell number can be modulated by ionic environmental condition in the early develpment of silver catfish larvae after hatchery. The thesis was organized in chapters, a general introduction and the objectives, and it was followed by chapter 1 about morphology and morphometry of embryo and larvae, chapter 2 about the distribution of mucous cells and chapter 3 about the distribution the chloride cells of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) embryo and it was with an integrated synthesis of study, the general conclusions and finish considerations.
Um sistema de recomendação para mídias baseado em conteúdo nebuloso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-28)
Serrano, Maurício
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Vieira, Marina Teresa Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5446518523049572
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2676737037488211
This work presents the development of a content-based recommender system for media of the AMMO (Authoring and Manipulation of Multimedia Objects) environment s multimedia database. This environment keeps inexact semantic information that describes the media. This project s objective was to recommend media using this fuzzy information. Other informations that should be considered are the of user s interest evolution, relevance feedback and the inference of the user s interest, based on his navigation in the database s multimedia applications. These multimedia applications are presented by the system in the form of a graph, on an intuitive and easy to use graphical interface. The developed recommendation technique uses statistical tests, match algorithms and inexact knowledge processing through fuzzy rules.
Um método para modelagem de controle de AMS usando redes de Petri virtuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-29)
Araújo, Rodrigo Guimarães
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Morandin Júnior, Orides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8619608525885317
An Automated Manufacturing System (AMS) is a production system where a discrete number of raws is processed and assembled by controlled machines and/or robots. Controlling AMS is a complex task, due to the several sub-systems that compose it and the need for attending strategic production issues and market. The AMS control complexity increases with the necessity of production and technologic resources. The studies related to AMS control normally consider specific features of the system. Some authors propose solutions considering architecture, some others consider approaches by modular nets, others consider mathematic analysis; and so, each study has its contribution in a specific point. This work considers a wider set of features related to the problem of modeling AMS control. It is presented different options of architecture, different ways to concern hierarchically about the problem, the use of Petri Nets as a way to represent graphically the problem conserving the mathematic formalisms, simulation, and the use of a graphic software that treat all the options before. The proposal of this work is indicate a modeling method for AMS control that considers all features related to its control. This method proposes eight elaboration stages of the model. The stands consider the elements in a specification level more generic and, gradually, they are more detailed. In some stands, simulations are applied with the objective of validate what has been modeled. The work ends with the application of the method to a hypothetic FMS. It is considered a production planning for five types of products in determined quantities. The method application is considered effective, since trough the simulation of the model, it can be verified that all the products are produced according to the production plan proposed and that eventual deadlocks and conflicts can be avoided.