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Análise filogeográfica de Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae) da região de Campos do Jordão (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19) Zenatti, Priscila Pini; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The lambaris, which include small Astyanax scabripinnis fish, inhabit the headwaters of small streams, forming well known populational isolates. These populations are possibly inbred, presenting little or no gene flow and reduced size. It is believed that these characteristics have aided the fixation of a pronounced karyotypic variability, contributing to the elevated phenotypic plasticity observed between the populations. Due to these factors, this fish group has received special treatment, since they represent a species complex. However, despite abundant cytogenetic studies and all the attention granted to this group, such a polymorphism has not yet been verified on a molecular level and its phylogeny remains unresolved. The verification of whether the karyotypic variations found between the A. scabripinnis populations of the Campos do Jordão region also exist on a molecular level, the estimate of part of the current phylogenetic relationships between them and, also, the verification of whether there is any relationship between the presence or absence of B chromosomes in this species with the observed haplotypic diversity was possible through the analysis of the intraspecific genetic variation of a part of the mitochondrial cytochrome b. The results corroborate the hypothesis that these populations were in contact prior to the elevation of the Serra da Mantiqueira and that they are currently geographically separated. The phylogenetic relationships between the studied populations are discussed. The absence of evolutionary relationship between the cytochrome b gene and the supernumerary chromosomes of these populations was observed.
Efeitos da lesão do núcleo septal intermediário sobre a ingestão de água e parâmetros cardiovasculares em ratos induzidas por diferentes protocolos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-19) Freiria-Oliveira, André Henrique; Saad, Wilson Abrão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9958857110669105; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0152151142555605
The involvement of the septal area in important regulatory mechanisms of water intake and cardiovascular adjustments has been shown by several studies. The aim of this work is to study the involvement of a subdivision of the lateral septal area on dipsogenic and cardiovascular adjustments. The effects of lateral septal intermediate nucleus lesions (LSI) on the water intake induced by different protocols, like angiotensin II and carbachol microinjected into the lateral ventricle, water deprivation by twenty four hours, intragastric hypertonic load and subcutaneous isoproterenol were investigated. We also studied the role of the LSI in cardiovascular changes induced by angiotensin II and carbachol microinjections into the lateral ventricle. Our results showed that the LSI rats did not alter body weight and did not alter the daily water intake when compared to the sham group. The LSI lesions affected the water intake induced by angiotensin II (7.6 ± 1.15 vs Sham: 17.01 ± 1.07 ml/60 min) and that induced by carbachol (9.58 ± 1.51 vs Sham: 13.62 ± 1.96 ml/60 min), as well as affected the pressor response produced by angiotensina II (∆  21.3 ± 1.5 vs Sham: ∆ 30.1 ± 2.5 mmHg) or induced by carbachol (∆ 39.0 ± 2.6 mmHg vs Sham: ∆ 49.9 ± 3.2 mmHg) into the lateral ventricle. The LSI lesions decreased dipsogenic responses after water deprivation (18.18 ± 0.81 vs Sham: 21.78± 1.23 ml/120 min) and after subcutaneus isoproterenol (5.4 ± 0.4 vs Sham: 8.4 ± 0.6 ml/120 min), but they did not decrease the water intake after intragastric hypertonic NaCl load (10.5 ± 0.47 vs Sham: 11.56 ± 1.24 ml/120 min). Thus, our results suggest the involvement of LSI through cholinergic and angiotensinergic mechanisms, as well as the central osmoreceptors activation, which possibly act by modulating the hypothalamic nucleus activity in both water intake and cardiovascular adjustments.