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Florística e fitossociologia de um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa das terras baixas na Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Linhares - ES
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Paula, Alessandro de
;
Soares, João Juares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6093800182799882
The aim of this work was to analyze the floristic composition and horizontal structure of a stretch of the arboreal vegetation in the Biological Reserve of Sooretama. The survey was restricted to a phytosociological sample done on one hundred contiguous portions of 10 x 10 meters. Individuals with PBH ≥ 15 cm were sampled. The forest was segmented in three vertical strata, allowing EIV calculation. A meter and a meter width were used as first center class. A total of 1519 individuals were sampled, distributed in 265 species, 138 genera and 44 families. The Shannon s Index (H ) found was 4,87 nats. In relation to the threatened species, 16 consist in the Red List of Espírito Santo State. The Biological Reserve of Sooretama obtained 57% of similarity with the Natural Reserve of CVRD. The species Rinorea bahiensis (Moric.) Kuntze prevailed in the three strata, with has the largest EIV. The group of the late secondary stood out in all the strata. The stand was considered at advanced successional stage.
Diagnóstico da aplicação de cores em projetos web baseado em uma metodologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Buchdid, Samuel Bastos
;
Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
This work have used a colors application methodology in the project Web, elaborated by Luciana Martha Silveira, as a systematic of analysis of virtual environments, applied here in the domain of Distance Learning (DL). That methodology presents five fundamental axes which include the physical, physiologic and symbolic aspects involved in the chromatic perception. The search for problems identification and the aiming for their possible solutions was the main goal of the present work, in agreement with the chromatic context that each site is inserted, considering the need to have a way of revising the systems Web, which are available to the visitors of those websites. The recurring problems in sites were identified in that application domain, and the solutions were aimed in regard of the methodology applied. It is waited that the formalized results in the analyses and the identification of the problem/solution pairs in that domain of colors application would be able to help the designer in chromatic composition of sites aesthetically more attractive and intuitive, including a larger degree usability.
A comunidade de peixes dos reservatórios dos trechos médio e baixo do rio Tietê, com ênfase nas espécies introduzidas Plagioscion squamosissimus e Geophagus surinamensis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Moretto, Evandro Mateus
;
Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7081792205107960
From sixties, the fish species introduction has been being a constant event in the reservoir system located on middle and low Tietê River - SP, which resulted the success introduction of Plagiosicon squamosissimus and Cichla cf. ocellaris in all these reservoirs. According to this context, the present work objectified characterize the fish community, with focus on the introduction analysis of Geophagus surinamensis, a not-native specie, and its probable progressive occupation in the system, like that already had occurred with Plagioscion squamosissimus. The results showed the occurrence of Geophagus surinamensis is confirmed in these reservoir system, indicating that its fast occupation in the Três Irmãos reservoir is made possible by the free connection that Pereira Barreto provides between Três Irmãos reservoir and Ilha Solteira reservoir, on the Paraná River. This way, it is evident the great possibility that the Geophagus surinamensis comes to be disperse for the whole reservoir system of middle and low Tietê River, like that already had occurred for the Plagioscion squamosissimus. Then, it is important to consider the Geophagus surinamensis in management programs for the Três Irmãos reservoir, so as to control and to reduce its density and of avoiding its effective spread for the others reservoirs of Tietê River.
O impacto da ocupação de fundos de vale em áreas urbanas. Caso: Córrego do Gregório - São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Borges, Juliana Queiroz
;
Cordeiro, João Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
The present work proposes a debate that interrelates three areas of knowledge urbanization, urban drainage and social segregation and has the main purpose to analyze the occupation of river marginal areas in urban places as the main cause for temporary social segregation. It also proposes a discussion about this impact caused by the occurrence of floods. The research strategy used is the study of an exploratory single case made in the city of São Carlos-SP, more specifically in the central area belonging to the Gregório River Basin, characterized for having solid occupation with great commercial activity. Besides theoretical basis, we have done a research on how many floods have occurred during 1995 and 2005, in the works fulfilled by the City Government, and also interviews with five groups of social actors. The results obtained with the conclusion of the work had, in its greatest parts, a social and educational value, involving consciousness of the necessity of environment preservation; of the eventually irreversible damages caused by the occupation of environmentally fragile areas, such as floodable fertile valleys. The research has also been detached as a relevant instrument to subsidize new debates and researches. As far as the social actors are included, we have verified that the most damaged ones in the cases of floods, in the unity of analysis, were the businessmen, and 70% of these consider themselves victims of temporary social segregation. This way, it was possible to confirm the main hypothesis of the work: temporary social segregation can be considered a consequence of inadequate occupation of river marginal areas in urban places, and this may involve lots of situations, including the ones that do not refer to the condition of poverty and misery.
Suporte a ambientes virtuais colaborativos de larga escala em redes peer-to-peer, com gerenciamento de distribuição de dados em conformidade com o padrão HLA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Vieira, Néstor Daniel Heredia
;
Araujo, Regina Borges de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3531642710531618
In Large Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments LSCVEs, extensive synthetic 3D environments are shared among a large number of users that collaborate towards the same objective. As all users in these environments need immediate answer for their actions and these actions must be sent to all participating users, the application success depends not only on a strong graphic processing but also in the capacity of the network to deliver information in time. Data distribution management algorithms in conformity with the High Level Architecture / Run Time Infrastructure (HLA/RTI) pattern for parallel and distributed simulations have been used to reduce latency and to limit and control the data amount exchanged during simulations. The data distribution of LSCVEs is generally made by one of these communication models: client/server or Peer-to-peer. Differently of the client/server where the server can be a bottleneck of the network, in Peer-to-peer solutions the tasks are distributed and consequently applications are scalable, i.e., support a crescent client number. Motivated by these largely studied and commonly used technologies, a fault tolerant and low latency solution was searched, addressing the strict requirements of large scale collaborative virtual environments simulations. This was made in conformity with the HLA pattern, which users, using their own computer connected at Gnutella network, can participate in simulation sessions without the limitations found in kits that support distributed simulations like the RTI-Kit existent. For this reason an architecture was proposed with data distribution management in conformity with the HLA/RTI and that use the Gnutella Peer-to-peer communication model to make available and to share these environments over Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs). Towards this propose simulations were made comparing the RTI-Kit developed by Georgia Tech with one speed objects and the RTI-Kit Adapted with varied speed objects in a cluster. The evaluation of the total time of the federation execution, the total number of the multicast messages generated and the total number of messages exchanged by the grid originated graphics that show up considerable increasing in the time and the number of messages exchanged by the grid mainly. In the same way the fault tolerant technique was evaluated.
Morfologia, morfometria, distribuição de células mucosas e de cloreto em embriões e larvas de jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae). Efeito do pH e concentração de cálcio e magnésio da água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-26)
Silva, Lenise Vargas Flôres da
;
Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
The ions Ca2+, Mg2+ and the water pH influence the morphological and morphometric characters and also in the ionic regulation of fish. The objective of this study was describe the morphological and morphometric development pattern of Rhamdia quelen embryo and larvae; and to identify and determine the distribution of mucous and chloride cells in order to evaluate the effect of water pH and hardness in different Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration. After fertilization the eggs were maintained at water pH 7.0 and 8.0 with three different Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations (mg L-1): hardness 20 mg L-1 CaCO3 (5.0 Ca2+: 2.08 Mg2+, control) and hardness 70 mg L-1 CaCO3 (20 Ca2+:5.59 Mg2+ and 23 Ca2+: 2.08 Mg2+) at 24±1oC. The eggs (24 h post fertilization- hpf) and larvae (each 6 hours) 6 to 48 and 216 h post hatchery (hph) were collected to analyze the hatching rate, survival and larvae growth, morphological and morphometrics characters associates the vision (eye), feeding (development and functionality digestive tract) and swimming abilities (fins), the distribution of mucus and chloride cells, Na+/K+-ATPase activity enzyme, and whole body ionic content in embryo and larvae homogenate. The fertilization, hatching rate, post-hatch survival, weight and length (48 and 216h) were higher in pH 8,0 and did not show significance difference related with Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations. These suggest that the pH 8.0 is indicated to Rhamdia quelen larvae culture. The increase of water hardness to 70 mg L-1 CaCO3, mainly 20 mg L-1 Ca2+ and 5,59 mg L-1 Mg2+ concentrations is recommended to both pH device improve the total body area larvae. The increase of hardness with 23 mg L-1 Ca2+, is not adequate for Rhamdia quelen larvae, as this Ca2+ concentration occurs an ionic unbalance Na+ and Cl- in both pHs. However, the morphology did not change by pH and Ca2+: Mg2+ concentrations used. The developmental stage between 6-216 hph was considered as critic period, device the development of osmorregulatory structures (gills, intestine and kidney) and the necessary changes to begin the exogenous feeding (open mouth, digestive tract, urogenital hole). Therefore, it is important information to researches and/or fisheries to improve the techniques and handlings for Rhamdia quelen early stages larvae culture to optimize the environmental conditions. The mucous cell density show a relation with water Ca2+ concentration, and it is suggest that beyond the possible adaptive responses, apparently the mucous cells number in silver catfish larvae (Rhamdia quelen) are influenced by hardness (Ca2+ increases) and water pH in the early phases. The larvae cultivated in pH 7.0 show high mucous cell and chloride cell number than in pH 8.0. The water hardness 70 mg L-1 CaCO3 (independently Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration) changed the chloride cell density in the first hours post hatchery (6-12 h), and the number of these cells was lower in both pHs. Then, these results suggest that the mucous and chloride cell number can be modulated by ionic environmental condition in the early develpment of silver catfish larvae after hatchery. The thesis was organized in chapters, a general introduction and the objectives, and it was followed by chapter 1 about morphology and morphometry of embryo and larvae, chapter 2 about the distribution of mucous cells and chapter 3 about the distribution the chloride cells of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) embryo and it was with an integrated synthesis of study, the general conclusions and finish considerations.
Um sistema de recomendação para mídias baseado em conteúdo nebuloso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-28)
Serrano, Maurício
;
Vieira, Marina Teresa Pires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5446518523049572
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2676737037488211
This work presents the development of a content-based recommender system for media of the AMMO (Authoring and Manipulation of Multimedia Objects) environment s multimedia database. This environment keeps inexact semantic information that describes the media. This project s objective was to recommend media using this fuzzy information. Other informations that should be considered are the of user s interest evolution, relevance feedback and the inference of the user s interest, based on his navigation in the database s multimedia applications. These multimedia applications are presented by the system in the form of a graph, on an intuitive and easy to use graphical interface. The developed recommendation technique uses statistical tests, match algorithms and inexact knowledge processing through fuzzy rules.
Um método para modelagem de controle de AMS usando redes de Petri virtuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-29)
Araújo, Rodrigo Guimarães
;
Morandin Júnior, Orides
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8619608525885317
An Automated Manufacturing System (AMS) is a production system where a discrete number of raws is processed and assembled by controlled machines and/or robots. Controlling AMS is a complex task, due to the several sub-systems that compose it and the need for attending strategic production issues and market. The AMS control complexity increases with the necessity of production and technologic resources. The studies related to AMS control normally consider specific features of the system. Some authors propose solutions considering architecture, some others consider approaches by modular nets, others consider mathematic analysis; and so, each study has its contribution in a specific point. This work considers a wider set of features related to the problem of modeling AMS control. It is presented different options of architecture, different ways to concern hierarchically about the problem, the use of Petri Nets as a way to represent graphically the problem conserving the mathematic formalisms, simulation, and the use of a graphic software that treat all the options before. The proposal of this work is indicate a modeling method for AMS control that considers all features related to its control. This method proposes eight elaboration stages of the model. The stands consider the elements in a specification level more generic and, gradually, they are more detailed. In some stands, simulations are applied with the objective of validate what has been modeled. The work ends with the application of the method to a hypothetic FMS. It is considered a production planning for five types of products in determined quantities. The method application is considered effective, since trough the simulation of the model, it can be verified that all the products are produced according to the production plan proposed and that eventual deadlocks and conflicts can be avoided.
Perfil digestivo e metabólico de juvenis de tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818), alimentados com diferentes teores de proteína e lipídio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-29)
Almeida, Luciana Cristina de
;
Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9294262709549543
The aim of this work was to investigate the metabolism of juvenile tambaqui (Colosssoma macropomum) fed 4 different protein (35, 30, 25 e 20,5 %) and lipids (4, 8, 11 e 14,5 %) levels in isoenergetic diets. The experiment was carried out in the facilities of the Adaptative Biochemistry Laboratory, located in the Genetics and Evolution Department of the Federal University of São Carlos. Fish growth, hematological parameters, digestives enzymes (unspecific proteases, unspecific lipase and amylase), metabolites (glucose, lactate, piruvate, ammonia, protein, fat acids, triglycerides, amino acids and glycogen), and the enzymes LDH, MDH, GDH, ASAT and ALAT were assayed. The hematological parameters presented no significant alterations. Tambaqui digestive enzymes were responsive to dietary levels of protein and lipids. Fish from the treatments I and II depicted the best growth. In contrast, the lowest one was observed in fish fed with the treatments III and IV. We detected glycolysis, glycogenolysis and lipolysis in livers in accordance the increase of the dietary lipid. It was observed muscular glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis from amino acids and lipolysis to energetic supply in fish fed with high lipid levels. The plasma metabolic profile reflected the function of blood metabolite deliver among the tissues underlining biochemical adaptations due to alterations on the fish feeding. In conclusion, dietary protein and lipid levels induced tambaqui digestive enzymes. The increase of dietary lipid resulted in fish growth decreased, augmented the liver glycolysis and glycogenolysis, increase the muscular glucogenesis and the gluconeogenesis. The fish metabolism seemed to be predominantly lipolitic.
Tanques-rede de pequeno volume instalados em viveiros de piscicultura: uma alternativa para a tilapicultura na região sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-29)
Pinto, Cleide Schmidt Romeiro Mainardes
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
Three experiments were carried out at the Aquaculture Section of the Center for the Technological Development of Agribusiness in Pindamonhangaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, whose objective was to test the use of low-volume cages in populated or not populated ponds, aiming for a better utilization of the flooded area, as well as to assess the productivity of tilapia strains. The experiments were brought to an end when the units from at least one treatment reached mean weight value of 500g (commercial size). The first experiment was carried out from March to July 2000 (fall/winter). Three cages populated with Thai tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) male juveniles, and three cages populated with red tilapia Oreochromis urolepis hornorum x Oreochromis mossambicus) male juveniles, at densities of 200, 250 and 300 fish/m³ were placed in each pond. After 126 days of culture, final mean weight and mean biomass were the double for the Thai tilapia than for the red one at the studied densities. The red tilapia did not reach commercial size at any of the densities. Feed conversion ranged from 1.24 to 1.50:1 among the densities, and survival rate was over 90% for all the treatments. The studied abiotic variables, with the exception of temperature, exhibited suitable values for the culture of tilapia. The objective of the second experiment, carried out from February to April 2001 (summer/fall), was to assess the productivity of the Thai tilapia in cages (intensive culture) placed in populated (semiintensive culture) or not populated ponds. Six cages with Thai tilapia males, at densities of 200, 250 and 300 fish/m³ were placed in the two ponds (V1 and V2). V2 was also populated with 4800 free male units of the same species. After 76 days of culture, the tilapia from the cages in P1 reached mean weight higher than 500g. In V2, only the units kept at the density of 200 fish/m³ reached 500g.Apparent feed conversion was around 1.0:1 for the confined fish and 1.3:1 for the free ones; survival rate was over 90% for all the treatments. The net yield in V2 was 2.7 times higher than in V1.The third experiment, carried out between February and June 2002 (summer/fall), examined the productivity of the Thai tilapia, as well as the effect of the amount of cages on the pond carrying capacity. Two ponds (V1 and V2) were populated with 4800 Thai tilapia male units. Six cages with 250 units each were placed in V1, and twelve (also with 250 units each) were placed in V2. After 60 days, the mortality rate in V2 was 35% for the confined population and 15% for the free fish, due to a sharp decrease in the dissolved oxygen concentration, suggesting that the pond had reached its maximum carrying capacity. At the end of the experiment, after 120 days of culture, only the units from the cages placed in V1 reached commercial size.
Democracia e educação: uma análise da crítica às políticas educacionais do Brasil (1995-2002)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-30)
Borges, Liliam Faria Porto
;
Buffa, Ester
The Brazilian marxist current educators who criticize the educational policies from the 1995 to 2002 Fernando Henrique Cardoso governments, in Brazil, start analysing about the circumstances of a neo-liberal government, strongly marked by the weight of international financial agencies which impose educational policies profiles that in order to guarantee the capitalist accumulation, these policies have a character of strong exclusion. We highlight Gaudêncio Frigotto and Pablo Gentili, as expressions from this group of educators. Thequestion they point out as fundamental is the lack of democracy in the relations between the State and society and also in the several social instances, that prevent from the possibility of the great majority of Brazilians characterize themselves as citizens. This work recognizes all the criticized elements as legitimate, but seek to problemize the format how to elaborate the critique itself, because there is in its formulations a bet in democracy and as an outcome, a belief in education as a social changing area, elements proper to the liberal thinking, thatreinforce the myth of a redempting school. Considering the affiliation of the authors to marxism, we indicate the inheritage of social-democracy and the determined use they make of marxism, as the closest identification with the theoretical formulation from the authors studied here.
Ocorrência de espécies de afídeos em citros (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), seus predadores e parasitórides
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-30)
Costa, Fabiano de Mello
;
Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
The populational floatation of the aphids Aphis spiraecola (Patch, 1914), Aphis gossypii (Glover, 1887), Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Foscolombe, 1841) and Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkald, 1907) was studied and related to climate variations from May of 2004 to April of 2005, through the use of Pearsons s Correlation Analysis. The sampling was carried out every two weeks, through Möericke trap. The highest populational densities of A. gossypii occurred in August and September of 2004, and in the latter the populational peak was verified. From July to September of 2004, it was verified the most intense incidences of T. aurantii, and the highest peak occurred in August of 2004. T citricidus did not present significative correlation with any of the studied climate factors, although higher populational densities in the months of May, June and August of 2004, and the second week of January, 2005, were observed. A. spiraecola predominated over the other species, with populational peaks from May to August of 2004, and in the third week of December of 2004. The populational peak of this specie occurred in August of 2004. It was obtained a positive statistical correlation among the populations of these aphids with thermic extent and the number of dry weather days. Negative correlation, in relation to relative humidity was observed only for A. gossypii. In the space between lines of the citrus culture, 22 infestating plants were identified, among which Annona coriacea M. (Anonaceae), host for T aurantii, Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), host for A. spiraecola, and the infesting Emilia sonchifolia (L) DC (Asteraceae), Sonchus oleraceus L. (Asteraceae), Cassia sp (Leguminosae), Sida glaziovii K. Sch., Sida rhombfolia L., Sida urens L. (Malvaceae), Solanum americanum Mill and Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae) infested by A. gossypii, must be controlled because they are focuses of aphids that are detrimental to the culture. As for natural enemies, the parasitoid species found more often were the hymenopters of the Aphidiidae Family, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880) and Aphidius colemani (Viereck, 1912). In the predatory group, the Coccinellidae Family presented the largest number of species, being Hippodamia convergens (Guérrin-Meneville) the most frequent, followed by Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1763) and then by Scymnus sp, while Olla v-nigrun (Germ., 1824), Hyperaspis (Hyperaspis) festiva (Mulsant, 1850) and Hyperaspis sp. were found in smaller quantity during the sampling period. In the predatory group, the Chrysopidae were more abundante, being identified two species: Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861), Ceraeochrysa cincta (Adams, 1982) and eight examples only identified as Leucochrysa (Nodita) sp. Among the Hemerobiidae, only the specie Nusalala tesselata (Gerstaecker, 1888) was observed in small quantities on the citrus leaves.
Diversidade dos Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica Ombrófila Densa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-31)
Yamada, Magda Viviane
;
Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
This work aimed to describe the Braconidae diversity in remainders of the Atlantic Rain Forest in Brazil and to verify if there are patterns of distribution along a latitudinal gradient and at low and high altitudes. Since the Braconidae community might be considered an exception to the established patterns of diversity and the scarceness of studies focusing the group, they were chosen in this study. Besides, they have a very important role in the balance of the ecosystems; they are natural enemies of phytophagous insects considered crop pests. In order to sample the largest proportion of the resident fauna in the sites three sampling techniques were used; two passive (Malaise and Moericke traps) and one active ("sweeping" the vegetation). The sample efforts and periods were standardized to avoid possible seasonal influences. This work is part of the BIOTA/FAPESP Project: "Richness and Diversity of Hymenoptera and Isoptera along a latitudinal gradient in the Atlantic forest - the Eastern Brazilian Rain Forest" and included 18 sample sites from the Northeast to the Southern Brazil. The Richness Index and Relative Density were used to determine the conservation status of the forest remainders sampled. The Braconidae community did not demonstrate a pattern of distribution along the latitudinal gradient and also no predominant distribution in the two altitude classes was found; however, the sites in higher altitudes showed a more homogeneous and diverse fauna. Many of the entomofauna surveys in Neotropical region allowed the description of new species and new records; here, we present three new records and the description of four new species of Alabagrus Enderlein (Braconidae, Agathidinae) to Brazil. It is suggested that Peruíbe (SP), Linhares (ES), Porto Seguro (BA), Santa Luzia de Itanhy (SE), Recife (PE) and João Pessoa (PB) are places under influence of anthropic activities, and Intervales (SP) and Nova Iguaçu (RJ) are the most preserved. Doryctinae and Alysiinae are suggested as bioindicators of disturbance and environmental conservation, respectively. Cheloninae, Doryctinae, Hormiinae and Rogadinae were assigned as indicators for studies on anthropic impacts assessment in the Atlantic Rain Forest biome due to their wide distribution. The fragment size was not correlated with the abundance and richness of Braconidae specimens. The more efficient sampling method was "sweeping" the vegetation for the Braconidae fauna.
Balanço energético e seletividade alimentar de Hyphessobrycon eques e Serrapinnus notomelas (Pisces, Characiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-31)
Matheus, Fábio Eduardo
;
Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
The trophic ecology and bioenergetic aspects of most small fishes were not yet investigated, although they are important components in the ictiofauna, largely contributing to the richness of species and to the energy flow in aquatic ecosystems. The energy budgets and the food selectivity of two species of small fishes, Hyphessobrycon eques and Serrapinnus notomelas, were analysed. Natural populations were sampled from Monjolinho River, São Carlos, SP, in the period between September to December 2005, and January to April 2006. Food selectivity experiments and energy budgets experiments were performed in the laboratory using planktonic and benthic invertebrates as food items. Food selection was evaluated by Paloheimo index, by calculating the normalized forage ratio. Both species had preference and positive selection for the dipteran larvae Aedes aegypti, Chironomus xanthus and Chaoborus sp., as well as for the cladocerans Daphnia laevis and Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. They presented negative selection or absence of selection for Hyalella meinerti and Cypricercus mucronata. The positive selection of both species of fishes for the larvae of Aedes aegypti evidenced that they have potential to be used in the biological control on dengue disease epidemies. The results obtained from the energy balances revealed that S. notomelas has higher consumption and assimilation rates than H. eques, however its production efficiency is lower as a consequence of higher metabolic expenditures. On average the production efficiency was 53% for H. eques and 22% for S. notomelas. The values obtained for the instantaneous net production efficiency of both species were higher than those reported in the literature for carnivorous fishes (20%) and also higher than those reported for natural populations of small fishes in tropical regions.
Extensões ao protocolo de comunicações EPCGloboal para tags Classe 1 utilizando autenticação com criptografia de baixo custo para segurança em identificação por radiofreqüência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-31)
Mota, Rafael Perazzo Barbosa
;
Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
EPCGlobal communication protocol for RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) does not ensure security and privacy for its system users. This fact makes possible several kinds of security problems on RFID technology usage justifying that security mechanisms should be added to communication protocol preserving the existing standards. This work proposal is based on communication authentication usage making use of low-cost cryptography with the TEA algorithm. The proposed mutual authentication mechanism was specified and proved using BAN logic. All protocol specification has considered the EPCGlobal standard for Class 1 tags as base adding security and privacy extensions to data communication to get protection against several attacks. The results from this work include an authentication protocol formal specification with cryptography allowing this way the protocol standardization using as base the current Class 1 protocol.
Um novo estimador exponencial por partes da curva de sobrevivência: um estudo comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-05-31)
Moraes, Fabíola Eugênio Arrabaça
;
Louzada Neto, Francisco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
In this work we revise the main basic concepts on survival analysis and reliability. We present the most known nonparametric estimators of the survival function in the presence of censured data. Their estimates are calculed and compared in an real data set on human renal transplants. We point some problems that are not usually considered in the structure of these estimators. As consequense of such problems we can observe possible distortions in the estimates the direction of sub or over estimating the main characteristics of interest. Some alternatives are pointed out for finding lesse vulnerable estimators. Moreover, we propose a new modified piece wise exponential estimator, pointing out its properties.
Efeitos da L-histamina e de antagonistas histaminérgicos sobre a recuperação funcional após hemilabirintectomia em Carassius auratus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-06-02)
Ferrara, Aline Cristina Piratello
;
Mattioli, Rosana
The aim of this study was to verify the effects of histamine on the process of functional recovery after hemilabyrinthectomy in goldfish, Carassius auratus. To this end, the fish were submitted to unilateral vestibular lesion and treated with a histamine precursor (L-histidine) and antagonists of the receptors H1, H2 and H3 (respectively chlorpheniramine, zolantidine and thioperamide). The success of the surgery was evidenced by the ataxia they suffered during approximately thirty minutes of observation and the presence of these signs was used as criterion for the inclusion of the animal in the experiment. The subjects were treated during fifteen consecutive days with L-histidine (150 mg/kg), chlorpheniramine (24 mg/kg), zolantidine (18 mg/kg) and thioperamide (15 mg/kg). All substances were administrated in a volume of 1.5 ml/ kg of body weight and sterile saline (1.5 ml/kg) was used with the experimental control group. Another group, the sham lesion group, was submitted to the same surgical procedure, but in this case the vestibular lesion was not carried out. The subjects were submitted to seven tests, the first test being carried out on the first day after the lesion, and then five more at three day intervals. The seventh test was carried out three days after the conclusion of treatment. In each test, the subject was placed inside a translucent tube inside a black aquarium which was illuminated on the ipsilateral side for five minutes. The fish behavior was recorded with a video camera located in front of a small opening in the front wall of the aquarium. Body tilt was measured by comparing a line traced between the subject s eyes with a horizontal line traced on the television screen. The mean of the tilt in degrees obtained every thirty seconds was considered. The data were subjected to variance analysis (Two-way ANOVA), followed by the Student Newman Keuls multiple comparisons test.
Redes de cooperação entre EBTs do setor médico-hospitalar da região de São Carlos, Araraquara e Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-06-02)
Smolka, Rodrigo Bustamante
;
Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
Technology based firms (TBFs) and technology innovation process studies attract several fields of research. According to social networks concepts, the activities of organizations are affected by the relationship between them. This research aims to verify the existence of cooperation networks towards product innovation between TBFs in São Carlos, Araraquara and Ribeirão Preto from the medical and dental device industry and characterize their strength. In that sense, a study of the social network theory and its main concepts, TBFs and industry characteristics is carried out. The development of a methodology and analysis takes place. Variables such as strength of ties and network structure are considered in the analysis. Among the different actors in different networks, those with high centrality measure and importance are distinguished. Results show that cooperation ventures between TBFs are few, instead, many relations with universities and research institutes towards product development are present. Weak and strong ties can be found in this environment. Important actors that influence TBFs and the product development and innovation are market fairs, standardization agencies, trade associations and universities.
Diz sensu: contra-império e diferença desde a ação lingüística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-06-02)
Silvestri, Kátia Vanessa Tarantini
;
Miotello, Valdemir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1544987367343253
Componentes estruturais abiótico e biótico e caracterização do grau de trofia de gamboas do litoral sul do Paraná, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-06-02)
Siqueira, Adriana
;
Godinho, Mirna Januária Leal
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4446317622651166
Studies related to the quality of the water in coastal environments as bays, estuaries and tidal creeks are important due to the high productivity and intense influence of anthropic activities in these areas. This study aims the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of diverse tidal creeks along Paraná coast. We analized seasonal variations in four tidal creeks and differences among rainy and dry periods in two tidal creeks. The cellular density of the pico, nano and microplanktonic fractions in different trophic conditions, differentiating the auto and heterotrofic compartments were performed. The temperature, salinity, pH, alkalinity, CO2, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, silicate, suspended matter, particulate organic and humic matter, total chlorophyll, total coliforms and Escherichia coli were analyzed. The pico- and the nanoplankton were analyzed by direct counting under epifluorescence microscopy, while the microphytoplankton and the protozooplankton were through the Utermöhl method. In relation to the physico-chemical and biological characteristics the Perequê tidal creek exhibited larger saline intrusion, and in the Olho d´Água tidal creek was detected great amount of discharged domestic effluents. Among the pico- and nanoplanktonic fractions prevailed the heterotrophic compartment, in both phases. On the other hand, the abundance of the phytoplankton prevailed under the protozooplankton in the microplanktonic fraction along the whole study. Differences between dry and rainy periods were confirmed. In the rainy period was observed in the two tidal creeks an increase in nitrite, suspended matter, organic particulate matter and picoplankton and a reduction of nitrate, chlorophyll, nanoplankton (auto- and heterotrophic) and of the autotrophic microplankton. Increase of phosphate, ammonium and humic substances were only observed in Barranco tidal creek and of dissolved oxygen and E. coli in Olho d´Água. These results show that in periods of high pluviosity elevated amounts of nutrients are exported by the tidal creeks to the adjacent internal continental shelf. It was not possible to define a pattern for none of the variables in relation to the tide and to the day and night periods.