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Estudo fitoquímico de Citrus: resistência a Xylella fastidiosa e interação com Oncometopia facialis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-04) Abdelnur, Patrícia Verardi; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0386805742968055
This work describes sixteen substances isolated by C. limonia: xanthyletin, seselin, xanthoxyletin, trans-kellactone, trans-decursidinol, junosmarin, scopoletin, isoscopoletin, demethylsuberosin, xanthoarnol, clausarin, limonianin, 5,4 - dihydroxy-6-(3 -methyl-2 -buthenyl)-2 ,2 -dimethylpyrano(5 ,6 -7,8)flavanone, β- sitosterol, estigmasterol e campesterol. Three of them are especially important: 5,4 -dihydroxy-6-(3 -methyl-2 -buthenyl)-2 ,2 -dimethylpyrano(5 ,6 -7,8)flavanone that was unknown in the literacy, trans-kellactone and trans-decursidinol that weren t found previously in the Rutaceae family but at Apiaceae family. The chemical constituents isolated by the upper and low parts from the grafted plant (C. sinensis on C. limonia) and from ungrafted C. limonia were compared. It indicated that the grafted plant has a metabolic translocation process. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of many substances isolated from plants of Rutaceae family was related. The test was against the bacteria Xylella fastidiosa that causes Citrus Variegated Chlorosis. The successful classes the pyranocoumarins and flavones whose MIC was 1,0 mg/mL. We have studied the plant-insect interaction and discovered that the grafted plant (C. sinensis on C. limonia) undergoes chemical alteration of the volatile compounds and essential oils when it is in contact with the sharpshooter. The sharpshooters Oncometopia facialis belongs to the Cicadellidae family and carries the Xylella fastidiosa. This chemical alteration was greater in the volatile compounds than in the essential oils of the plants. Different amounts of Hesperidin were found in the grafted plant when different species of Citrus were analized: C. limonia without CVC, C. reticulata without CVC, C. sinensis on C. limonia with and without CVC. The C. limonia presented the lower amount of the secondary metabolic and the C. sinensis on C. limonia presents the higher amount. The higher amounts of Hesperidin were found in sick plants witch corresponds the metabolic alteration that occurs when the plant is infected by the bacteria.
Influência da adição de pó de retífica em uma matriz de cimento de fosfato de magnésio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-04) Ribeiro, Daniel Véras; Morelli, Márcio Raymundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754562885515304
In the present work, the magnesium phosphate cement use feasibility in the organic and inorganic hazardous industrial wastes encapsulation and the grinding dust of clutch discs influence (hazardous waste - classroom I) in the final properties of composites and mortars formed by this kind of cement was evaluated. The magnesium phosphate cements are material formed from the reaction between the magnesium oxide and soluble phosphates in water, such as the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, which becomes solid at the ambient temperature from the formation of hydrated phases in the material. They are extreme-fast setting time cements, which acquire high mechanical resistance at early ages, comparing to the ordinary Portland cement. Initially, it was obtained the reference composition proportion constituents (without the waste and sand), adding, later, waste in 10% to 40% contents in relation to the cement mass. These compositions were analyzed comparatively with regard to the reference sample (0%) in regards to the physical and mechanical characteristics, setting time, analysis of the phases formed by DRX and the microstructure (MEV), choising of the 3 more promising compositions (with 10%, 20% and 30% of waste), that were evaluated by leaching/solubilization tests. After to be approved, mortar specimens with the wastes contents chosen in the previous stages were been molded and analyzed by mechanical tests (axial compression and traction by diametrical compression), water absorption by capillarity (NBR 9779) and comment of the microstructure (MEV). Finally, the compositions and mortars were submitted to an artificially-accelerated aging process corresponding to 1 year to the verification of this waste containing matrix durability with the presence of waste. The analyses of the results showed that the magnesium phosphate cement has the capacity to encapsulate the grinding dust, resulting in composites classroom II-A.
Processamento e caracterização de cerâmicas eletro-ópticas do sistema ferroelétrico (Pb1-xLax)TiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-04) Badillo, Fernando Andrés Londoño; Garcia, Ducinei; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266238277645440
The ferroelectric titanate of lead modified with Lanthanum metal system (or PLT) is the most studied of the perovskite structure. It is known that ceramic bodies with specify compositions and adequately chemical preparations can present transparency. However, a quantitative or qualitative analysis of its electro-optics characteristics was not carried through. Therefore, in this work it was ceramic preparation of PLT and the characterization and analysis of concentration of Lanthanum metal and the conditions of processing influence in its microstructural, dielectric, ferroelectrics, optic, structural and electro-optics properties. In this work the solid state was used in the obtained of PLT, using the nominal formula (Pb1-xLax)TiO3, with 0.18_ x _ 0.23. Ceramic bodies had been firing by the uniaxial Hot Pressing technique. Heat treatments in conventional oven under O2 and PbO atmosphere, had been used for the improvement of the transmitance of the samples. In the DRX analysis it was observed formation of perovskite phase with tetragonal symmetry as principal in the powder with little variation of the tetragonalidade factor in function of the Lanthanum metal concentration. For the densitied ceramics, it was meet perovskite phase with tetragonal symmetry and an reduction of the tetragonalidade factor of with the increase of the Lanthanum metal concentration. The grain average size of the ceramic bodies linearly increased with the Lanthanum metal concentration, presenting distinct dependence for each composition in relation to the heat treatment. The dielectric and ferroelectrics properties had been affected by the high conductivity presented for the ceramic bodies with less than 20h of thermal treatment. Such conductivity, as well as the opacity and the yellow color observed in the samples, was associated with the presence of the phase PbO in the grain boundaries. However, high values of transmitance in the next infra-red and visible region and less dielectric losses in low frequencies could have been observed in samples with 20h thermal treatment, depending on the Lanthanum metal concentration. For x=0.23, the highest concentration of analyzed La, the ceramic bodies thermal treatments presented a reduction in the transmittance, probably due ix to the effect of light scattering of rich Lanthanum metal phases precipitated in the grain boundaries (even though it was not detected for DRX). For the first time, the electro-optic coefficients could have been considered for PLT ceramics. The results had shown the importance of thermal treatment after-hot pressing and the concentration of Lanthanum metal in the obtaining of the transparent ceramic bodies with structural, microstructural, electric and optic properties adjusted for the technological applications.