Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2006-08-28"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 22128

Perda de matéria orgânica dissolvida por células flutuantes de cianobactérias potencialmente tóxicas expostas a altas intensidades de luz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-28)
Santos, Roseli Machado dos
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339465247386683
Anabaena spiroides and Microcystis aeruginosa are cyanobacteria that frequently bloom in Barra Bonita Reservoir. These floating organisms and the characteristic turbulence found at the reservoir exposure the cells to higher light intensities by lifting them from lower depths in the photic column to surface. The sudden exposure at higher irradiance could cause photoinhibition and photooxidation. This phenomenon could liberate high amounts of dissolved organic matter. This work aimed to investigate the carbon fixation photoinhibition in cells of A. spiroides and M. aeruginosa exposed to high irradiances, the chlorophyll photooxidation and the DOM released by cells of cultures differing in their physiologic state, after exposure to high irradiances through time at laboratory and field investigations. A. spiroides suffered photoinhibition and liberation of dissolved organic matter when exposed to irradiances higher than their EK during four hours as well as when exposed to irradiance of 2000 µmol.m-2.s-1 for eight hours. M. aeruginosa did not present photoinhibition in any case, however, their C14OD liberation was significantly increased. The higher indexes of C14OD excreted by theses cyanobacteria are not apparently due to cell damage. Hence it might represent an adaptation factor to higher irradiances. Similar results were found in experiments incubated in Barra Bonita reservoir.
Continuidades e rupturas no processo de trabalho dos marmoristas : 1890 1950 e os dias de hoje.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-28)
Moroni Filho, Elio
;
Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9730375282476186
This work describes the similarities and differences in the work process of treating ornamental stones, comparing this against two periods of time (1890-1950 and the present time), the technological stages and work organization in marble and granite companies of the past and of the present. Data collection was based on various research sources and qualitative techniques (systematic direct observation and oral statements) and quantitative research (survey interviews). It was verified that the local marble and granite companies - since the end of the XIX century up until the present time - are installed in the mercantile establishments that operate in the third main stage of the productive cycle of the ornamental stones, elaborating final products from unrefined or polished slabs that are supplied by third parties. The semi-craft work organization and arduous work conditions seem to be conditioned to the technology employed by these companies. Along the XX century, local companies underwent technological improvements and upgrading, using new equipment and tools that increased efficiency of the final treating process. However, such technological changes did little to significantly improve work conditions and to eliminate predominant manual work with mechanical tools; although the work has been disassociated with partial craft work, the worker s skills remains the basis of the work process. However, the local companies have been incapable of modernizing their work units, not upgrading their systems with relation to available technologies worldwide. Mechanization and automation of the process, already incorporated by many companies in this sector, could modify the profile of the variables afore mentioned. Nevertheless, the small local companies are incapable of substituting or upgrading their equipments due to their low capitalization level at the rate the market develops and presents equipment.
Composição e dinâmica da família Chironomidae em dois períodos hidrológicos distintos, durante o ciclo fenológico de Mayaca fluviatilis Aublet, 1775
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-29)
Escarpinati, Suzana Cunha
;
Strixino, Giovanni Battista Mario Aldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2155760577210440
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9453926033081575
The studied lake (Lagoa Mayaca) is located in a preservation area at the campus of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos. With the aim of analyzing the dynamic and the taxonomic composition of the Chironomidae, samples were taken through a transversal transect in two different periods (dry and wet season), comprehending the phenological cycle of Mayaca fluviatilis Aublet, 1775. From a total of 27 Chironomidae taxa, it was verified that the most abundant taxa in the dry season were: Cladopelma, Caladomyia sp1, Caladomyia riotarumensis, Djalmabatista pulcher, Ablablesmyia (Karelia), Tanytarsus rhabdomantis e Labrundinia. On the other hand, in the wet season the most representative were: Polypedilum (Asheum), Chironomus, Goeldichironomus, Endotribelos, Tanytarsus rhabdomantis, Caladomyia friederi, Ablablesmyia (Karelia), Labrundinia e Cricotopus. The greater taxonomic richness and number of specimens were registered in the sampled sites where Mayaca fluviatilis was present, indicating that the presence of this macrophyte was very important for structuring the studied community.
Universidade: formação de intelectuais acadêmicos?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-30)
Mattos, Priscilla de Cassia Bessi de
;
Buffa, Ester
This work has as general objective to analyze the profile assumed for university professors from the areas of social science belonging to the São Paulo State Universities (USP, UNICAMP and UNESP), as well their opinions and reactions a respect of the fast socialeconomic, politic and cultural transformations occurred in the country in the last decades, whose influences reflect incisively on the university institutions and on the positioning of themselves with relation to their proper intellectual condition. In a more specific way we searched during this research to answer the following question: "How the university professors conceive their functions and what type of intellectuals our public universities are forming?" It is a qualitative inquiry based in structuralized open interviews by the way of a script previously elaborated using the research problem. Besides the development of the interviews has became necessary a bibliographical study about intellectuals, culture, university, university professors and society, having as theoretical referential the classic treatment on the elected subjects above, in special, the analysis about the scientific field developed by French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. The collected data could evidenced that the university professors see themselves as responsible for the critical and for the possible intervention in the society, the academic intellectuals are pointed as those that possess the function to commit themselves to certain practices and try to realize specific changes in the environment in which they are inserted, their work is to be intent to their proper position and how this affects their studies. When describing their functions and reflecting on the university objective in the contemporary society, these protagonists point with respect to the inefficiency of this new model of university, implanted after the University Reformation in 1968, which gives privileges to the scientific and technological development, in order to stimulate the economic growth of the country, for the formation of new generations of intellectuals that, impressionable with the reduction of the time of the intellectual work and the intense production of bureaucratic reports demanded by the State and by the agencies of research promotion, specializes each time more early, disabling a intellectual work, in the sense of critic, reflexive and politician.
Diretrizes para o gerenciamento da água pluvial nas edificações escolares municipais da cidade de Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-08-31)
Hernandes, André Teixeira
;
Amorim, Simar Vieira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8264867164852836
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5588601304107327
The current projects of rainwater plumbing systems are extremely simple and present only one exclusive concern: to divert the rainfall from the place where it occurs to the drainage public system. In general, it s possible to verify that they do not attend even the word semantic meaning. The no existence of a coordinated set of action aiming at ampler results makes rainwater plumbing system unconcerned with the surrounding area, not composing harmonically with the urban site in particular, and the environment as a general form. Generally, designers expect only rainwater goes toward out of the site, and that is a good result of a good system. Due the lack of attention to the impact that generates and does harm to society, they ignore its potential as instrument of water building conservation. They do not assess correctly its capacity as a source of supply of so expensive and scarce water, according with its necessities, conveniences or limitations that can exist. Therefore, the goal of this study is to propose a new function for the rainwater plumbing system, in special for Ribeirão Preto municipal school buildings, becoming it from a passive to an active system of environment protection. With a proper and molded conception for this new proposal, the system must contemplate the aspects related to the reduction of the impacts caused by the civil construction activities on urban sites, its preservation and providing environment education for people and also, as an worthy water building management tool.
Comportamento de elementos pré-moldados de concreto com ligações semi-rígidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Souza, Abner Soares de
;
Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
The behaviour of reinforced concrete precast beams is strongly influenced by the flexural stiffness of its beam-column connections, wherein there is interdependence between the nonlinearity of the moment-curvature relationship along the beam and the non-linearity of the moment-rotation relationship of the beam-column connections. In most of the existing researches on semi-rigid connections in precast structures, the main focus lays on the characterization of the flexural stiffness by performing experimental tests on isolated models of beam-column connections instead of tests on sub-frames, comprising beam and connections. In this research an experimental procedure was developed, wherein different theoretical equations based on the fixity factor of the connections were combined, allowing the integration between the stiffness of the reinforced concrete beam with the flexural stiffness of the beam-column connections. Therefore, by using this procedure it was possible to evaluate the semi-rigid behaviour of the beam-column connection, highlighting the possibility of carrying out just one test for the precast beam with its connections. The analyses of the experimental results indicate that the studied connection was capable of absorbing around 53% of the elastic beam-end moment at the ULS, compared with the situation of a full restrained connector, implying the increase of 170% of the positive mid-span moment of the beam. This level of semi-rigid behaviour for the beam-column connection can affect the global stability of skeletal precast concrete structures with more than five storeys in height. For this reason, the present research shows the need for further studies with the purpose of enhancing the analysis and the design of precast concrete structures for multi-storey buildings.
Contribuição para a gestão da integração no processo de desenvolvimento de produto.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Carvalho, José Luiz Moreira de
;
Toledo, José Carlos de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9194668020055052
Continuous development of new and improved products is seen as a key factor for business survival and growth. A new product that satisfies consumer s needs in an efficient and opportune manner increases competitive advantage. New product development (NPD) process has a multidisciplinary and multifunctional character, demanding specialized kinds of technical knowledge, peculiar of different disciplines or functions. A successful NPD requests a good integration among these functions, so that an auxiliary tool that helps this integration can increase project s performance and, consequently, competitive performance. In this thesis an auxiliary tool for managing functional integration in new product development processes is proposed, based in three conditional factors (Context, Technological Positioning, Competences) and three dimensions (Communication, Coordination and Collaboration). The tool s proposal includes a discussion about these conditional factors and dimensions, describing how they can be used to acquire an adequate functional integration in new product development process. As a secondary contribution of the thesis, a discussion about a particular case of integration, the one between applied research and NPD project, is made, including a theoretical discussion and case studies.
Bolsa-escola e inclusão educacional em Jaboticabal (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Costa, Maria Christina Dória
;
Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
This work studies the School Stipend Program in order to verify whether or not it has achieved the goals of guaranteeing that children attend school and acquire literacy. In addition, it examines whether or not school helps the social integration of children from lowincome families. In this regard, this research project about the School Stipend Program also analyzes the extent to which this government program on a federal level can be considered a strategy for the social inclusion of poor children and adolescents. The categories of the State, Social Policies, State shape the understanding of the questions of social inclusion and exclusion in a capitalist society. The empirical study carried out between 2005 and 2006 focused on the School Stipend Program in the city of Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo. This study followed the administration of the program from its inception, collecting data that allowed the researcher to get to know the schools involved in the program and to choose the one that had the largest number of participants in the program. After contacting the selected school, the administrators and nine teachers maintained a close relationship with the students who benefited from the Program. After identifying this children, six families were selected to be visited and interviewed. Among the most important results of this study was the finding that the Program is important for the everyday life of these families, reflected in the relationship of the family and the children and adolescents with the school and in the reaffirmation of the fact that the the school remains a reference for the education of individuals. At the same time, the School Stipend Program doesn´t provide significant changes in the expansion of the social network of family support. This income supplement, regardless of the fact that it has been considered modest, has not solved the challenges that limit the possibilities in the social realm since they are the result of structural problems unemployment and low income among poor families. Finally, the school is a reference for students, an essential social instrument for the strengthening of the social support network of the most Brazilian children and adolescents who live on the fringes of vulnerability in a constantly precarious state that can produce social integration.
Catalisadores de Pd suportados em La2O3-Al2O3 para a reforma do metano: influência do La na estrutura superficial, atividade e estabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Cassinelli, Wellington Henrique
;
Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8800458933689577
The steam reforming methane reaction catalysed by Pd/(x)La2O3-Al2O3 was studied using different contents of La. The Pd(x)La2O3-Al2O3 catalysts were obtained by wetness impregnation of alumina with an aqueous solution of Pd(NO3)2 and were characterized by specific surface area and pore volume measurements (SBET e Vp), x-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), metallic dispersion measurements, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy at the UV-visible region (DRS) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) of adsorbed CO. The SBET and Vp results suggest that lanthanum is dispersed at the γ-Al2O3 surface without blocking the support pores with La addition up to 12 wt%. The TPR and DRIFTS-CO results for Pd/Al2O3, show that there is an increase in the PdO-support interaction and the formation of Pd0 surfaces where the CO adsorbs preferentially at the linear form if compared to bridged CO species. Pd dispersion results and DRIFTS-CO for the Pd/(x)La-Al2O3 catalysts suggest that with increasing La loading, there is a partial recover of Pd sites by lanthanum oxide species resulting in changes at the CO adsorption form and lower accessibility to Pd sites due to geometric effects caused by the presence of LaOx compounds at the surface of Pd0 particles. Pd dispersion data and the catalytic activity tests show that with increasing La content up to 12 wt%, there is a decrease in Pd dispersion, followed by an increase in the specific activity, an increase in TOF values and lower apparent activation energies for CH4 during steam reforming. The higher activity of this catalysts with increasing La loading can be related to the following factors: i) the formation of a fraction of sites with higher electronic density; and ii) the transference of species like O* from the support to the Pd surface, that would promote the removal of species like C* adsorbed at Pd sites with high electronic density. This will therefore result in higher activities and higher accessibility of CH4 to Pd sites.
Prevenção de comportamentos agressivos entre pré-escolares: uma proposta de capacitação para professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Luizzi, Luciana
;
Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5081086186388972
Literature about childish aggressiveness has evidenced importance of schools prepare to cope with aggressive students more effectively, that demand a lot of teachers instructional and behavior management skills. The continuation of punitive practices, used in schools, can be result of teachers lack of skill to cope with children who show aggressive behavior. Otherwise that, application of proper behavior management strategies and the development of positive relationships among teachers and children contribute to promote social and academic success, especially to children at risk. Several authors have argued a comprehensive intervention applied in the preschool is the more effective method to divert these children of antisocial pathway. Necessary conditions in the school context to support teachers to cope with aggressive children have been the object of several researches. International literature has indicated positive effects by the application of intervention programs in the school context on aggressive behavior. These effects are: the decrease of aggressive behavior rate and improvements social and academic skills in children, and the teachers acquisition of skills to cope with aggressive children. It was verify the necessity of identify characteristics relative to teacher s role in intervention programs, referring to knowledge and skills required to support students, and relative to teaching strategies that are offered to teacher act properly. The present research intended to elaborate a capability proposal, derivative of successful school-based intervention programs revision, that promote the improvement of teachers skills, directed to prevent and/or minimize preschoolers aggressive behaviors. Method was divided in four stages: (1) search and identification of successful school intervention programs; (2) a wide description of each intervention program; (3) a specific description of skills and tasks that are related to participants and responsible professionals performance in the programs; and (4) the elaboration of a capability proposal for the improvement of teacher skills in coping with aggressive preschoolers. The main results consisted in four products: (a) identification of relevant skills to be developed by students; (b) identification of proper strategies to development of these skills; (c) proposition of a set of the teachers skills required toward implement teaching strategies which aim at prevention of aggressive behavior in classroom; and (d) proposition of conditions to be offered toward teachers. The aim of this study is to make available a capability proposal to preschool teachers, based on successful theoretical and experimental foundations provided by programs described in the literature. This product is considered to be important in the development of future investigations on the necessary teaching conditions related to the improvement of teachers skills in coping with children who exhibit aggressive behavior problems.
A gestão educacional no Município de Araraquara: a questão dos Conselhos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Ramacciotti, Juliana Aparecida Marinho Aldred
;
Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1005048820801515
This work introduces a study of the implementation and running of the councils of popular participation related to the educational area in the Municipal Corporation of Araraquara. Since the possession of the affiliation designated as Democratic and Popular Front, in 2001, guided by the Workers Party (PT), and still formed by the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) and the Communist Party of Brazil (PC do B), the policy adopted is the decentralization one, assumed as being the best way for democratization in the public power scope. Since the beginning in 2001, the administration of the Democratic and Popular Front showed preoccupation in amplifying the spaces for popular participation. With the motto The Society Generating Public Policies , it instituted several Municipal Councils and restructured those who already existed. There are in this Municipal Corporation three councils directly related to education that were analyzed: the Municipal Council of Education, the Council of School Nourishment and the Municipal Council of Attendance and Social Control of the Maintenance and Development Fund of Elementary School and Valorization of Teacher Education (FUNDEF). Through the analysis of documents and observations in some meetings, the work searched for identifying elements for a discussion on the real representativeness that the society has in those councils, in the light of Norberto Nobio s theory on the development of the democracy in the complex current society. The promises non accomplished by the modern democracy, according to Bobbio, added to the essential stages of acting of the council, pursuant Perseu Abramo, were used as a basis for the proposed analysis. Initially, the text shows, briefly, from the historical passage of the Brazilian Politics, from the 60 s to 1988 (Enactment of the Federal Constitution), focusing on the issue of the education democratization in a national scope, after in the State of Sao Paulo and finally in the Municipal Corporation of Araraquara. Then, basing on the data from direct observation and documents, the text tries to demonstrate how the analyzed councils are introduced, their composition, attribution and the possibility of contributing to the democratization of the public administration and to the improvement of governmental policies.
Monitoramento em tempo real da morfologia na extrusão da blenda polimérica polipropileno/ nylon 6
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Pinheiro, Luís Antonio
;
Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3497307186044440
The aim of this work is to assess in real time the morphological parameters of polypropylene and polyamide 6 blends during the extrusion process. An optical detector based on the visible light transmitted and extinction principle was assembled in a slit die located at the exit of a twin screw extruder in order to get the changes in the polyamide 6 particle concentration and size. The influence of particle size and concentration was first verified during bench calibration, where it was observed that the light extinction was greater the higher the concentration and the lower the particle size. In the case of mixtures an additional relation concerned to changes in size and density was verified. It was also stated that the detector records the ponderal average size of a set of particles. During extrusion experiments, the analyses were performed in the steady and transient state. In both cases it was verified that normalized signal intensity increases with increasing particle concentration and decreasing the dispersed phase size. Infrared analysis and images obtained from scanning electron microscopy confirmed these results. The correlation between dispersed phase concentration and size with the detector s normalized signal was established through the elaboration of regression equations. The plot of normalized signal as a function of the dispersed phase concentration and size enabled the calculation of the extinction cross section values for the PP/ PA6 blend.
Dinâmica biogeoquímica do estuário do Rio Itajaí-Açú, SC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-01)
Pereira Filho, Jurandir
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1899580249545454
The Itajaí river estuary, SC, is located in the final portion of Itajaí river watershed, which has a total area of about 15,500 km2. The terminal region of this watershed is characterized by the presence of important cities such as Blumenau and Itajaí. Agriculture is also important, specially irrigated rice culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal variability of water quality and the nutrient transport and transformation processes in the estuary. A weekly monitoring was carried out from october/2003 to december/2004, along seven estuarine sampling stations, one station in the Itajaí-Mirim river (the main tributary) and one reference station located in a undisturbed area. Activities included measurements of salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and nutrients (NH4 +, NO2 -, NO3 -, PO4 3-, H4SiO4), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total and organic phosphorus (TP and DOP), particulate organic carbon (POC), suspended particulate material (SPM) and chlorophyll-a (Cla). The intratidal nutrient variations was also evaluated in the middle and low estuary, in december/1999. This survey included hourly measurements of the stream velocity, water level, SPM and nutrients in three fixed stations, during 25 hours (2 tidal cycles). Multivariate analysis showed that the main forcing factors causing the system variability were the river discharge, the marine influence, the urbanization and the rice culture. It was proposed that the system can be divided in riverine limit, and high, middle and low estuary. The urbanization was responsible by the spatial variation of the water quality, showing increases in the organic matter (BOD, NH4 +, POC and DOP) and progressive decrease of dissolved oxygen. Despite the effect of dilution by the marine waters, increasing in NH4 + was detected in the low estuary, which is probably related to the urban organic loads and the fisheries processing plants effluents. When the river discharge was low during a long time, increasing in NH4 + and NO2 - and severe decreasing in dissolved oxygen was observed. This situation could be an early indication of hypoxia in the estuary. River discharge increasing resulted in increased SPM, TP, NO3 - and Si. This trend was intensified by high soil exposition in the beginning of the rice culture cycle. In this period there was a decreasing in Si, suggesting influence of rice culture Si uptake. The nutrient budget showed that 50% of PO4 3- input was shifted in the middle and low estuary. This was probably related to adsorption to SPM, once chlorophyll-a in the estuary was relatively low. The non-conservative increase of NH4 + in the low estuary suggest a heterotrophic behavior, once the organic load and turbidity were generally high. The intratidal variation of nutrients showed to be lower than other regional estuaries and also seemed to be influenced by the surrounding area. The tendency of non-conservative increase of NH4 + was also evident and related to salinity values between 5 and 15, which occurred during the water mixing inside the estuary.
Helena Antipoff e o ensino na capital mineira: a Fazenda do Rosário e a educação pelo trabalho dos meninos "excepcionais" de 1940 a 1948
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-04)
Rafante, Heulalia Charalo
;
Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
Rosário Farm was founded in 1940 by Russian educator Helena Antipoff as a boarding school for receiving exceptional children from Belo Horizonte. Our study analyzed the pedagogical practices of that institution, verifying how those attitudes reflected in inmates life. First, we introduce Antipoff s path, understanding her educational principles as well as her motivations to come to Brazil in 1929. After that, we follow her performance next to teaching system of Minas Gerais capital in 1930 s, and her path during the creation of institutions for educating children as she called exceptional , including of Rosário Farm. Finally, based on learning the Rosário Farm history, we examine children profile, the pedagogical actions, the course of inmates, their reactions to institutionalizing process, testifying the work became the thread of those relations. After a study of adopted work conditions as educative principle, we weave a review of the way of teaching and performance junction happened in the institution.
Produção primária com ênfase na excreção de matéria orgânica dissolvida por populações fitoplanctônicas naturais do reservatório de Barra Bonita, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-04)
Antonio, Sebastião
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
To quantify the primary productivity in a fixed sampling station at the Barra Bonita Reservoir, monthly sampling from July/03 to August/04 were performed in three different depths in the euphotic zone (surface; 1.0; 3.0 and 5.0 m). These were incubated in situ during 4 h with NaH14CO3 using light and dark flasks. The results showed that in the summer and rainy periods (dec/03, feb/04 and mar/04), higher values of total assimilated organic carbon were obtained. Similarly, higher values of PAR (Photosynthetic Available Radiation) were obtained. The particulate organic carbon recently photosynthesized represented 93.5 %, whereas the dissolved fraction represented 6.8 % in relation to the total incorporated carbon. It was also observed that high primary productivity values were supported by high chlorophyll-a concentration, high concentration of excreted organic matter and the occurrence of algal blooms of the most abundant algal species in the reservoir. The present results indicate an increase in the eutrophication process in the reservoir.
Existencialismo e marxismo: a filosofia de Sartre entre a liberdade e a história
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-05)
Silva, Luciano Donizetti da
;
Ferraz Júnior, Bento Prado de Almeida
L uvre de Sartre, depuis La transcendance de l Ego (1934) jusqu aux incomplets Cahiers pour une morale (1983), est traversée par un axe thématique commun : montrer la liberté humaine comme fondement du réel. Malgré toutes les difficultés théoriques que cette philosophie a dû affronter un demi-siècle durant, la consolidation de la liberté face à tout déterminisme ou causalisme fut sans aucun doute l idéal de la production théorique et de la pratique du philosophe. C est la philosophie allemande (Husserl et Heidegger), au vu de la possibilité qu elle offre de surmonter les difficultés posées par une philosophie de la subjectivité absolue, qui a permis le moment glorieux de la pensée sartrienne; toutefois, la doctrine de la liberté présentée dans l Être et le Néant (1943) résulte en une réalité humaine absolument vide, et ce n est certainement pas à partir de cette notion d homme que Sartre pourra interroger les faits historiques et la société. Il est urgent de produire, dans un cadre théorique, une synthèse philosophique entre la philosophie subjective de la phase l Être et le Néant et le marxisme, philosophie indépassable de cette époque (Critique de la raison dialectique, 1960). C est dans ce but que Sartre, dans la Critique, chercha à mettre en évidence le fondement ontologique du matérialisme historique à partir des conditions formelles de possibilité et d intelligibilité de la dialectique de l histoire. C est dans ce contexte que se situe la problématique de cette recherche : comprendre de quelle façon l histoire, qui du point de vue existentialiste est un produit de la liberté humaine, peut se retourner contre l homme et faire de celui-ci un objet qui ne fait que participer au processus historique. Ce problème n est que le point de départ de beaucoup d autres et porte en lui les possibles interprétations que l on peut faire de l oeuvre de Sartre : son rapprochement avec le marxisme exigea-t-il qu il reniât son ontologie phénoménologique ? Peut-on parler d un premier Sartre, partisan de la liberté, et d un second, marxiste ? Ou bien son oeuvre peut-elle être lue comme un tout où la Critique serait un développement de L Être et le Néant ? C est pour répondre à ces questions que nous avons développé cette recherche.
Michel Foucault e a história arqueológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-06)
Bach, Augusto
;
Ferraz Júnior, Bento Prado de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5327736796639139
The main objective of this doctor degree thesis is to analyze the philosophical problems of Michel Foucault s archeological history presented in two of his major works: Madness and Civilization and The Order of Things. This last work, at the same time philosophical and related to historical science, has as its main goal (defined in its subtitle) to accomplish an archeology of the human sciences. The stretching of his investigation field to study the human sciences can be understood as a natural thematic progression of Foucault s research about the archeology of history. Since Madness and Civilization, Foucault has been always interested in showing how our culture sought to understand what was the fundamentally the other in man. In The Order of Things, taking as a starting-point the study of certain strategies that man used to comprehend himself, Foucault has constructed his archeological history stressing the discontinuities that ended up presenting our own culture as strange to us. It is about the philosophical problem of the historical discontinuities signalized by Foucault and its relation to a traditional, continued and dialectical history that this thesis will deal in its chapters, attempting to understand the philosophical position of this new way of writing history.
Correlações entre propriedades dinâmico-mecânicas e durabilidade sob fadiga mecânica em compósitos de polipropileno/polipropileno maleificado/fibra de vidro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-06)
Cruz, Michelle Christina Avezum da
;
Sousa, José Alexandrino de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7737833809468759
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3874883954388022
Although the influence of interfacial adhesion on short-term mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites has been well established, very little published information is available on the influence of the composite interface/interphase characteristics on fatigue properties of these materials. Fatigue life determination is of paramount importance for engineering applications of injection moulded short glass fiber (GF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. Thus, this work is related to an investigation on the influence of maleated polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) interfacial compatibilizer on the fatigue resistance properties of 30 percent GF-reinforced PP composites. The mechanical fatigue analysis was carried out using four-point bending tests under deformation controlled mode at frequencies of 1 Hz and complete reverse cycle (R = - 1). In order to obtain quick comparative data on PP-g-MAH compatibilizer performance on the fatigue life of these composites, an experimental procedure was elaborated in order to correlate the properties determined by dynamicmechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) of composite samples, both pristine or subjected to short-term cyclic loading, with the experimentally determined fatigue life of these materials. The main conclusions of this work indicate that the mechanical damping (tan d) values, related to the fiber-polymer interfacial friction, reduce with compatibilizer content; this effect being better evidenced in the fatigued samples. The decrease in tan d values with compatibilizer content clearly indicate an increase in the composite interfacial compatibility and were found to be inversely proportional to the number of cycles to failure determined by long-term fatigue testing, thus, promoting an increase in the fatigue life of the investigated PP/PP-g-MAH/30%GF composites.
A organização escolar em ciclos na rede municipal de Araraquara - 2001 a 2005
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-06)
Fraiz, Rosana Cristina Carvalho
;
Huet, Aparecida Barco Soler
The school organization in series predominates in Brazil since 19º century and still shows its power because it´s solidified in teachers, parents and students conception. Different experiences have been introduced since 60´s decade on the attempt to break the school succession. On the 90´s decade, emerge proposals of modification in the school periods and places of which centre becomes the cycles´s formation. To describe and analyze the introduction of the school organization base don development cycles on the Araraquara´s municipal education system is necessary to retake some previous experiences and the debates that go along with the cycles and continued progression, making evident that the cycles system conflicts with the school culture strongly based on the organization in series. The new way of organization presupposes changes in the education-learning conception, the evaluation method and the proper school, showing that punctual changes isn t enough. The way how this introduction has been done in Araraquara makes evident that educational public politics depends on their real comprehension and education of their protagonists: teachers, parents and students. On the attempt of modifying the school organization present problems like a relative unsure about the school proposes and missions and the resignificance process of the teachers role can be added to de discussion. The reflection point to some paths and sures. Paths that indicates the essential participation of whole community on the previous discussion about the introduction of the new education system, constant evaluation of the process and education to create the reflection of the theory and practice. Sures that education changes has to be understand like a transformation of ideas and practice and it can t happen suddenly and in a linear way, but it´s possible to create an another school.
Concepções manifestadas por professores de Matemática da escola pública sobre a utilização do computador na educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-11)
Souza, Verônica Simão Esteves de
;
Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3315637886435079
The aim of this research is to contribute to a rethinking of teacher education initiatives, be it in initial development, be it in continuous teaching development, focusing not only on implementation of Communication and Information Technologies and in the educational context, but on quality public education as a whole. In this sense we have sought to identify analyze conceptions of public school Mathematics teachers, who regularly use computers as a methodological resource. We also intend to: a) identify how teachers inserted technology in their practice: which technologies were applied, in what activities and guided by which objectives; b) identify which kind of continuous teaching development these teachers have to conduct such activities; c) identify conditions in which this working with technology occurs; d) identify difficulties faced by teachers and their expectations concerning implementation of IT in schools. In order to achieve such objectives questionnaires were applied with 24 Mathematics teachers in four public schools, among which two of which were selected for interviews. The research question that guided data collection is as follows: What are the conceptions expressed by Mathematics teachers concerning the use of computers in school? Data categorization and analysis were based on Teacher Formation and Mathematics Education references, particularly Communication and Information Technologies in Education, focusing on the concept of manifest conceptions as approached by Ponte (2002) and on the classification of Teacher conception types as approached by Thompson (1992), Ponte (1992) and Canavarro (1993). The results of the research show that, although teachers participate in training aimed at the use of computers as educational tool, few of them are able to use what they have learned in classroom, which in turn indicates that continuous teaching development is ineffective in this case. Moreover, they suggest that teachers use computers because they believe students need to be introduced to Information Society, although they conceive its use as a factor of motivation and facilitation, that is, a tool to do what was done before in a quicker and more modern way, which, in turn, steers away from the main objective of using Communication and Information Technologies at school.