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A temática da água desenvolvida na disciplina de Ciências numa perspectiva da educação ambiental: avaliando uma experiência no ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-15)
Bortoletto-Santos, Rita de Cássia
;
Pierson, Alice Helena Campos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7317179543310078
The thematic of water was developed by the researcher in 2002, when she taught Science to 5th grade students from Elementary School, in an environmental approach. This research tried to investigate in which ways some elements from Science Teaching may contribute to students build a critical consciousness face to environmental problems. Our view concentrates on the educational process, recovering the developed experience and meeting those students again two years later, when they were on 7th grade by the time the researcher wasn t their teacher anymore. In this way, the aim was to verify if there were some references to the activities they experienced two years ago in their arguments. Regarding the methodologic aspects, we opted for a qualitative approach. To collect data we used some interviews and comprehension activities about the thematic of water that made by those students. We tried to analysed through theoreticals references, Paulo Freire s ideas and some Environmental Education principles in which way we might understand, through the students arguments, the knowledge acquisition developed according to na environmental approach and some indictions about the building of a critical point of view about the world.
Estudo da estrutura eletrônica dos materiais PbTiO3 e Pb1-XMXTiO3 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-15)
Lazaro, Sergio Ricardo de
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Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1200849593735259
In this project about STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE ELECTRONIC OF THE PbTiO3 MATERIAL is presented results, discussions and conclusions to respect of the use of theoretical-computational chemistry in the modeling of structures type Perovskites at applications in the eletro-electronic area. It was used ab initio methodology and the Density of Funcional Theory (DFT) to calculate the structure electronic of the PbTiO3 (PT) e Pb1-xMxTiO3 (M = Ca, Sr e Ba) materials. It was idealized this propose due to need of better understanding the influence of the surface, the substitution of atoms and defects in the lattice ceramic type Perovskites and anticipate tendencies through modeling of these materials. The density of states (DOS), bands structure, Mulliken charges, polarization and chemical potential were used to analysis of these systems.
Comportamento da filtração de gases em meios filtrantes de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-15)
Osório, Vanessa Moreira
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3282723304057244
The present work aims to evaluate, through filtration process and cake detachment, the behavior of two cellulose fiber filtering media with different air permeability values. The powder material used was phosphatic concentrated rock of density 2,99 g/cm3 and its average volumetric diameter of 8,34 µm. The equipment used was constituted of a circular filter, powder feeder which controlled the massic flow and humidity by a microcomputer and a system for control and acquisition of data. The filtering media used were cellulose fibers, Rad More and Rad Plus, supplied by Alhstrom Louveira. The work was accomplished by a successive sequence of filtration and cleaning during 100 filtration cycles using cellulose filtering media. The technique employed for cake removal was reverse air flow. In the experimental procedure, filtration velocity of 10 cm/s was used for maximum pressure drop of 200 mmH2O, and 5 cm/s for maximum pressure drop of 100 mmH2O. Two cleaning velocity were employed for cake removal, 18 and 13 cm/s. The results showed that the filtering media Rad Plus, when submitted to filtration velocity of 10 cm/s and cleaning velocity of 18 cm/s, obtained the best operational condition, as it presented lower values of residual pressure drop for a larger mass retained during the 100 filtration cycles. For different filtration velocity, 10 and 5 cm/s, the filtering media Rad Plus, more porous and more permeable, the amount of particle mass removed was larger than for the filtering media Rad Plus applying cleaning velocity of 18cm/s as the removal force for this cleaning velocity could remove the particles retained in the fibers. For filtration velocity of 5 cm/s, a lower cleaning velocity, 13 cm/s, was enough to remove larger amount of particles, when compared with the filtering media Rad Plus in the same experimental conditions.
A natureza do psíquico e o sentido da metapsicologia na psicanálise freudiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-15)
Caropreso, Fátima Siqueira
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
Uma proposta de modelo para diagnóstico dos atributos do educador musical em projetos pedagógicos de cursos de licenciatura em música baseado na gestão de competências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-19)
Santiago, Glauber Lúcio Alves
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Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0650958184371272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9385173410103898
This work intends to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of competency management rudiments in activities connected to the formation of music educators. More specifically, it is meant to propose a model to evaluate graduate educational projects in music regarding the qualification of graduated. The study is based upon a theoretical reference that comprehends competency management and music education; having for the latter the purpose of characterizing the music educator s attributes. After an extended bibliographical research on many different authors, it was proposed a model for analysis of graduate educational projects based on competency management, and then an empirical implementation in an actual educational project was fulfilled. As a conclusion, this research could attest that it is possible the application of competency management methods in music graduate courses and in music educators formation as well, with substantial possibilities for benefits.
Construção e avaliação de um programa multimodal de habilidades comunicativas para a adultos com deficiência mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-19)
Aguiar, Adriana Augusto Raimundo de
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1236676026541744
Studies in the field of Special Education state that mentally challenged people present difficulties as to communication and interpersonal rapport. This fact has defined the necessity of structuring training programs on these abilities, so that these challenged people can be inserted in the community in an extensive way. Based on these concerns and on the lack of descriptive studies depicting interventions with mentally challenged adults in general and in the field of communicative abilities in particular, the present paper aimed at the following: a) elaboration and description of tools and procedures for the evaluation and promotion of communicative abilities of mentally challenged adults; b) design, implementation and description of a program to promote verbal and non-verbal communicative abilities for a group of mentally challenged adults; c) analyses of each of the program participants performance, according to indicators obtained in different moments of the intervention. Six mentally challenged adults have taken part in this study as well as professional informants and family members. The communicative performance was assessed by means of questionnaires and interviews and direct behavioral observation. The program focused on the training of verbal and non-verbal abilities through mingling techniques associated to pedagogical, cognitive behaviorist and speech- language-hearing approaches. The performances were recorded in scores and organized in protocols, which were subject of individualized analyses as compared to the group, taking under consideration the consistency of changes between the differences before and after the interventions. The results have pointed: positive changes in several trained components, reliable positive changes in some components, as well as in the group participants and family member s satisfaction with the intervention. The contribution of this paper in terms of produced knowledge has been discussed, as well as the performed stages, decisions and challenges of this research-intervention and the importance of investment in researches in this area, involving the construction, adaptation and improvement of social and communicative abilities evaluation tools for the social and communicative abilities for the mentally impaired, in particular the adult population.
Inclusão escolar e a atuação dos professores de deficientes mentais do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-19)
Petrechen, Eli de Haro
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6206202579486214
From the directive and national education basis law approved in 1996 the lawful instrument was granted in order to break the school exclusion ideology. Within this context the special education should serve a brand new purpose, developing the inclusive character proposal. In order to adapt to the new paradigm, federal and state institutions organized and set the goals for the organization and orientation for the special student based on the inclusion proposition. In 2000 the Govern of the state of São Paulo restated and defined its teaching system as inclusive, purposing new attributions to the special education teacher as an active participation in the school teaching program to provide orientation on the formation and inclusion of the special needs students in the regular schools. The special education teachers specially those specialized in the mental retardation, from the state public school net are the subjects of this research that aimed to investigate the changes of the performance of the school inclusion politics of such state, as well as to set the profiles of its teachers. A questionnaire was sent through regular mail to 300 teachers who work at the Specialized Pedagogic Support Services (SAPS) in order to get the data from the resources or special classes from the mental disabled students within the Teaching Coordination for the Interior (CEI) and 61 regional head offices and by the Teaching Coordination of São Paulo Metropolitan Region (COGSP) with 17 head offices. 41 forms returned, being 39 fully completed and two without marks. The forms covered 26 counties form 22 regional head offices. We were able to show in a described way the collected data. The results indicated that in the last five years, after the approval of the resolution 95/00, some significant changes happened to the special education net and the most significant ones according to the teachers were the opening of research rooms, the extinction of special classes, the exempt of medical and psychological decisions and the necessity of the pedagogic evaluation for the students direction for the specialized service. As a consequence of the changes some teachers that acted in the Special Classes, that were not effective, were released, the effective ones were redistributed to other school units. The students of the disabled classes, were redistributed to the common classes, or to special schools or to other school units that remained the special classes, the process implementation presented different nuances, however not very significant, because the guidelines and the ordination of the actions result from the same General office of Education (GOE). The conclusion of the study is that the changes are happening, however the evidences point that they are unilateral actions, without effective and active participation of the specialized teacher staff, and that they are not bringing the necessary changes in the teachers' performance and consequently, they are not contributing nor for the teaching quality nor for the students' permanence with mental retardation in the common class or in the regular teaching. The teachers make many suggestions for the process that they could be considered.
Formação e prática docente musical no processo de educação inclusiva de pessoas com necessidades especiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-21)
Soares, Lisbeth
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Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3641842999193927
The objective of this research is to identify and reflect on relations between musical education practices for children with special needs in basic school and formation of music teachers for the attendance to these necessities. Participants were three music teachers, identified as Paulo, Renata and Rita, teaching in schools of the Great São Paulo area, where pupils with special needs are inserted regularly. The data were collected through individual interviews, remarks in the music classes and theoretical studies of the participant professors. The data collection, from September, 2004 to September 2005, was carried through in accordance to time availability of the researcher and the participants. The interviews was planned mainly to express participant conceptions related to musical education, special education, deficiency and inclusion and remarks in the classes contributed to characterize the performance of them. In addition, the curricular greeds and the education plans for basic education, graduation and post graduation had the intention to analyze the participants academic formation in the areas of education, musical education and special education and the performance of music teachers related to musical education for people with special needs and their inclusion in the context of musical education. Beyond the discussion about musical teaching and the searching of the foundations for a new teacher´s behavior that favor the learning of this artistic language, results points out to the necessity of courses directed to the formation of professors (initial and continued) to discuss including practices and new researchs about musical education in these inclusion contexts. Facing the necessity of a deeper understanding of this task among music professionals for inclusion and analyzing proposals to make it effective, the present research can constitute and important help and subsidy .
Estudos microrreológicos da blenda PBT/SAN
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-22)
Ito, Edson Noriyuki
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7249500407405478
This work was motivated by the need of a better understanding of the microrheological characteristics of polybutylene terephthalate, PBT, polymer blends, such as the matrix phase PBT and the styrene-acrylonitrile, SAN copolymer as dispersed phase. The main purpose of the microrheological studies carried out was to analyze the rheological behavior and the morphology, as well as their correlation, in the preparation of the PBT/SAN immiscible blend, with and without the use of an interfacial compatibilizer. The rheological behavior was analyzed by torque rheometry, rotational rheometry with parallelplates geometry, and capillary rheometry. The interfacial tensions were measured by the modified ellipsoidal drop retraction method, using an optical polarized light microscope coupled to a hot stage. Two complementary techniques were used in the morphological analyses: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with tetrahydrofuran (THF) extraction of the dispersed phase, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with rutene tetroxide (RuO4) deposition in the dispersed phase. The interfacial tension between the PBT polymer and the SAN copolymer was found to increase as the molar mass of the PBT increased. The use of rotational rheometry with parallel plates at low shear rates allowed the increase in viscosity to be quantified as a function of the reaction of the polymeric macromolecules in the PBT/SAN blend compatibilized or not with the interfacial compatibilizer, the MMA-GMA-EA copolymer. Based on the morphological characterizations, an analysis was made of the fibril formation mechanisms, break up and coalescence of the particles of dispersed phase and their interactions with the addition of interfacial compatibilizers. The rotational rheometry at low shear rates proved to be extremely efficient in the analysis of blend compatibilization, which is usually analyzed by torque rheometry. It was checked that, at high shear rates, the viscosity ratio influenced the formation of more finely dispersed phases.
Jung e a narrativa: mito individual e inconsciente coletivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-27)
Arantes, Ana Cláudia Yamashiro
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Ferraz Júnior, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3032944542324111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2181183340752599
This work intends to offer a different reading of Carl Gustav Jung writings of the ones that conceive the terms archetype and collective unconscious as explicit references to the transcendent domain, "spiritualistic" readings that would do the Analytical Psychology methodology result in a dogmatic proceeding. In order to understand the notion of "individual" that has place in the Jungian meta-psychology , it becomes important to understand Jung's way to mean and to interpret the psychopathological facts and dreams that him observed in his clinical experience. Every moment the analytical psychology threatens to relapse in an irrationalism if we restrict ourselves in the denotative consideration of the language used to represent the psychic reality. We put emphasis, in our reading, on the representative and symbolic use of the language of psychological communication that intends to express the individual being, in order to investigate the question of the dogmatism that permeates countless critical readings concerning Jung's work. After all, in which paradigm the Analytical Psychology intends to sustain itself as a science? We will show that is the material-reductionism paradigm from the sciences of the nature the responsible for guiding the comprehension of a (transcendent) origin of the collective unconscious archetypes, but these are only enunciated by Jung in order to refer to the (figurative) appearance of the dreamlike fantasies for the psychic (immanent) existence. The causal factor stops being predominant in the interpretation of the archetype concept to give up place to the adaptation purpose of the psychic manifestation of the image. The notion of normality is faced, and crosses the domains of the disease in which takes place the eighty century medicine; if this natural paradigm becomes unable to guide the analytical psychology point of view, that intends to be a science of the man, which new paradigm would be more appropriated in a reading of Jung's work that do not intends to aim in a dogmatic interpretation - what would invalidate it's scientific legitimacy? To understand the pretense connection of the Jungian work to the mystic's domain it is necessary to understand the notion that the history of the philosophical thought checked to the term "dogmatism ". At last, could the Analytical Psychology be understood as a Science, or does it approach more to the Art, that intends to turn the part (finite) the representation of the essence of the "whole" (infinite)?
Gestão de desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria de máquinas e implementos agrícolas: estudo de casos em empresas nacionais de grande porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-09-29)
Mano, Aline Patrícia
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6284496119790994
The industry of Agricultural Implements and Machines has had an expressive development in the country, following the expansion of the Brazilian agro-industrial area and focusing in the exportation increase of the agricultural products as alternative to reach a better distributed invoicing throughout the year, being tried to overlap the problems of the internal seasonality. It demands from the national companies a quality improvement of the projects and manufacture of these products, adjusting them to international standards of performance and to the trend of homologation requirements of the new products. This improvement passes for a revision and adequacy of the product development process management in the sector s national companies. This work presents a research about the practices and problems of the management of the process development of the agricultural products from five national companies located in the Sao Paulo state. For the data collecting, it was used an interview script, which was applied to the person in charge of the PPD. It was observed a heterogeneous vision of the purpose of the PPD in the five national companies studied. There are some companies that see the PPD as an essential set of project activity of the product. The others companies, however, face the PPD as a market research of the launching of the new product. Often the activities of the PPD are practical and empirical: researching the physical prototype and specifying the project (using software like CAD). For this reason, the use of supporting tools for the product development contributes for a better quality of the project and for a better management of the product
Organização e processos de trabalho em uma cooperativa do MST: debate teórico no contexto da empresa capitalista e da economia solidária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-02)
Severino, Maico Roris
;
Eid, Farid
Historically, one verifies the appropriation of management tools for the attainement of plusvalue. Among them, the ones related to the organization and the processes of work stand out. However, it is noted that the appropriation of these management tools is carried out not only by capitalist enterprises, but by enterprise of solidary economy (ESE) as well. This master´s degree dissertation purpose is to analyze the common and specific characteristics of the organization and the processes of work in their different models in the capitalist enterprises and ESE. So, it was used a theoretical-empirical research through bibliographic review to characterize the two variables in both social structures, and, through the case study and the participative methodology, identify the specific characteristics of a type of ESE, a cooperative of land reform, in this case, the Cooperativa de Produção Agropecuária Vitória LTDA (COPAVI). In the bibliographic review, it was found that, for the attainment of the plus-value in the capitalist economy, the organization and the processes of work are subjected to constant changes, starting from the development of the method of capitalist production, and among them, simple cooperation, manufacturing, machinery and microelectronic automation, besides the taylorist, fordist, Italian, Swedish and Japanese models, among others. In the EESs, changes also occur, but in the perspective of selfmanagement and the subordination of the technical rationality to the social rationality, through the cooperativism. In the comparative analysis performed, it was found that cooperation is a commom factor for the two types of organization. The capitalist enterprises use the concept of cooperation as simplification and parceling of work activities of each worker for the complementation of the productive process, that is, the cooperation comes through a management imposition. This kind of cooperation is alienating and subordinate, and produces evolution and improvement as time goes by, through corporate competitiveness. To the ESE, cooperation has the meaning of democratic management, collective participation in the processes of work, of collective management and decision making, that, as for the capitalist enterprises, undergo changes for a better insertion of their products in the market. So, at COPAVI, the analysis focused the way changes occur in the organization and work processes, oriented to the implementation of integrated arrangements of productive chains, keeping the characteristics of cooperation as a proposition of non-alienation of the worker. It should be emphasized that this dissertation has not the purpose of creating a model, but show that it is possible to create and develop alternatives for organization and work processes on the basis of self-management.
Florística e efeito de borda em fragmentos da floresta ombrófila mista na região de Guarapuava, PR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-04)
Silva, Adriana Massaê Kataoka
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Soares, João Juares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6093800182799882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6163079816594256
This survey was carried out in a Araucaria Forest of an area of a legal reserve of Três Capões Farm and Trindade Farm, situated at south central of the state of Paraná, Brazil. The local climate is the tipe Cfb, don't have a dry season the average temperature is about 18oC at the more cold month. The average altitude is about 1250m cliff of scarp at 350m at Guarapuava region. The geomorfology is characterized by conver rill and largue valley originated on Quaternary. The forest in this study was sampled with transects positionaded at north, west, south and east, where the floristic surveyed was realized beyond the walk for all the area. A number of 144 species. The families with the highest number of species was Lauraceae (8,0%), Myrtaceae (8,0%), Solanaceae (7,2%), Euphorbiaceae (4,8%), Fabaceae (4,8%) and Verbenaceae (4,8%). Currently, forests are found as fragments inserted in a variety of matrixes. Hence, these fragments are under constant influence of the matrixes, fact known as edge effects. This work investigated the occurrence of edge effectsin the regulation of three Araucaria Forest fragments located in the south-center region of the Parana state, Brazil. Several approaches were realized in 12 transects of 4x100 m: floristic survey, density calculations, basal area, pioneer and secondary species, richness and behavior. A total of 3271 arborescent and arboreal specimens belonging to 152 species were sampled in the north, south, east and west side of the three forest fragments. There were no analyzed parameters that resulted in an expected pattern of edge effects. An ANOVA test was applied to analyze a correlation of the data with positioning (north, south, east and west) in each fragment. No significant correlation was detected in the fragments. The results are possibly related to the fact these fragments are not only under the edge effect, but also to the continous anthropic interference that could mask the known edge effects through the intensification of such interference farther than the first meters from the border to the interior of the fragment. This lead to another concern about this type of fragment because it could means a pure conservation of this vegetation, considering the small portion of conserved areas and discounted the edge effects.
Termodinâmica de líquidos iônicos via simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-04)
Prado, Carlos Eduardo Resende
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Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7988928010539984
In this work classical molecular dynamics was used to study the pure ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [BMIM]+[BF4]-, and some solutions based in it. The OPLS-AA force field and CHelpG derived charges were used to represent the interactions. The results obtained for the pure liquid agreed well with theoretical and experimental data available. The diffusion of ions in this liquid was investigated through the solvation of KCl salt. The result showed that the diffusion of K+ and Cl- are small when compared with the diffusion observed in aqueous solution. The results obtained for K+ and Cl- ions are also small compared to the diffusion regime observed for the ionic pair [BMIM]+[BF4]- in water. The solvation of an oligopeptídeo, formed by six alanines, aminoacids in this liquid was investigated at two temperatures, 300K and 400K. The effect of water molecules in the oligopeptide neighborhood was also investigated. The spc-model (Simple Point Charge) was used to represent the water molecules. Compared to the peptide behavior in water the results obtained in the ionic liquid showed that the peptide structure was constrained. It was also observed that the presence of water molecules near the oligopeptide increased its conformational mobility. The effect media polarization on the electronic structure of ionic liquid components was analyzed investigating the dipole momentum distribution for 1,4-dimethylimidazolio cation in both isolated and in condensed phase. The dipole distribution for chloride in condensed phase was also performed.
Práticas de leitura de professoras de educação infantil: narrativas de professoras - Catalão-GO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-04)
Peres, Selma Martines
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Abramowicz, Anete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9475119206646509
The present research is about the reading practices of teachers for child education that work in a day nursery of the city of Catalão, in the state of Goias, Brazil. The aim of this research is to provide cartography of the reading experiences of these teachers in order to analyze how they became readers and how this process is still developing. The idea is not to define the meaning of reading, but with what it works and how in terms of intensity and its connections. Therefore, the main question to be answered with this work is how these teachers for child education became readers and how this process is still developing? The methodology is based on narratives produced by five teachers that work in a day nursery. The teachers were requested to write their reading experiences in the form of narratives. Those narratives were on their first experiences with reading, the memories of the earlier stage of learning how to read, their readings during childhood and adolescence, reading at school, their reading spaces, the moments of reading, their reading practices at last. The theoretical framework is based on Deleuze and Guatarri, Chartier, Agamben, Larrosa, Butler, Louro, and other authors. The map of the narratives provided by the teachers point to reading territories composed by protocols and imperatives that give them a sensation of incompleteness and even makes them believe they are not as good as they wish to be as readers. Even though, the narratives provided ground to perceive the lines of flight, the movements of deterritorialization and destratification that have potential for becomings: becoming-teacher, becoming-woman, becoming-reader, and becoming-child.
Avaliação do uso de simulação como ferramenta complementar no desenvolvimento do mapeamento do fluxo de valor futuro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-05)
Paço, Tatiany da Rocha
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Politano, Paulo Rogério
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7216170325557676
Nowadays companies are part of a global environment, which makes the market more competitive. In this context, the lean production system is very important for companies to become more efficient and therefore competitive. The value stream marketing is an essential tool used in the lean production system that uses an updated and a future map of process. The stationary aspect of this tool coupled with the need to obtain more accurate data highlighted the importance of computer simulations to assist in the development of value stream mapping. The present work describes all the steps of the development of a computer model in simulation software. The main aspect of it is the representation of the lean production system. The different sceneries built for the model developed in this work contributed to find the number of produced parts, dimensions of the supermarket considering the setup timing, the time of the operation, and planned or unplanned pauses of the machines. Therefore, it demonstrated that the simulation is a very useful tool to assist in the construction of the value stream mapping.
A significação do conceito de inclusão escolar por professoras.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-05)
Carlino, Eliana Prado
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7645796071676232
Departing from a framework that considers man as a cultural and historical being and, therefore, a synthesis of psychic and ideological, social and individual forces, this work aim to apprehend the ocurrence of signification processes, characterizing and making visible the discursive movement as it keeps constituting the signification process of a concept. To analyse this route and make visible the social marks of the produced enunciations, we choose the concept of school inclusion, according to its complexity and relevance for the educational reality of today. This issue is posed as a demand for teachers and his formers and is inserted in a widest movement of the society that is of the social inclusion. The research group was constituted by seven elementary school teachers to whom we offered a course of extension in which we discussed the issue of school inclusion with the intention to analyse the ways of signification of this concept in the interlocution process that ocurrs in situations that configures itself as of teaching and learning.Our work is based, mainly, on Vygotsky and Bakhtin, authors that offers foresights by means of which we can understand the language dynamicity. On the enunciative-discursive view as we adopt the nature of language is social and dialogical and the word when expressed enclose in itself a intense game of social forces; is not unique, is not univocal and neither clear. To analyse the dates, we choose the microgenetic approach. Alongside the analysis we discarded the idea that to signify a concept we evoke just cognitive functions, in the sense of something strictly internal and personal. The voices that are present by are many, although physically departed; the elaborations produced by the teachers have historicity, have marks of the socio-historical contexts. In spite of having an extensive display and different resources during the class, that presumably ought to guide the signification processes that individual realize, marking their enunciations on a certain matter or concept, the class is just a moment of this elaboration; nevertheless, an important moment that produces new enunciations. In the end of the work, we compose some considerations about being both a teacher and researcher and the conflicts engendered by this double role. We point further some of the ways how the teachers were (re)signifying their concepts about school inclusion alongside the interlocutions.
Controle motor do joelho durante a marcha em sujeitos com e sem dor femoropatelar.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-06)
Santos, Gilmar Moraes
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Pedro, Vanessa Monteiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4302307099019276
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6376483004167320
The purpose of this study was to investigate onset, amplitude and ratio of electric activity of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus lateralis oblique (VLO) and vastus lateralis longus (VLL) muscle and the angle of the knee joint flexion at heel strike during walking on a treadmill. Fifteen subjects without (22-SD3 years) and twelve with patellofemoral pain syndrome (21-SD2 years) participated in this study. The subjects walked on a treadmill without and with inclination of 5 degrees for 10 minutes. Eight strides were analyzed for each situation. An eletrogoniometer was used to verify the knee flexion angle and a footswitch sensor to determinate the beginning and the end of each stride. An eletrogoniometer was used to verify the knee flexion and a footswitch sensor to inform the beginning and the end of each stride. The electric activity was recorded by surface electrodes (Ag/AgCl), an EMG device with 8 channels (EMG System of Brazil) and a software of acquisition data (AqDados 7.02.06). The electromyographic (EMG) data was processed by Matlab software, that calculated the onset timing of the muscles, the integral values of EMG signal and the EMG ratio (VMO:VLO and VMO:VLL). Knee flexion angle was significantly less in the subject with patellofemoral pain syndrome when compared with the subjects of control group. In the patellofemoral pain syndrome subjects, the EMG onset of vastus lateralis longus ocurred before that vastus medialis oblique, in contrast no such differences ocurred in the control group both during walking on a flat surface and on an inclined surface.The EMG activity of vastus lateralis longus muscle was significantly greater during walking in graded treadmill in the subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome in relation to the subjects of the control group. The results also showed that to the electric activity of the vastus lateralis oblique muscles was always less than the electric activity of the vastus medialis oblique and/or vastus lateralis longus muscle in both groups, regardless condition. Furthermore, VMO:VLL and VMO:VLO activity ratios showed no significant differences between groups and conditions. The results of the present study showed that subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome decreased the angle of the knee joint flexion, increased the EMG activity of the vastus muscles and presented EMG onset of vastus lateralis longus before that vastus medialis oblique during graded treadmill walking, suggesting that 5º of the inclination would not be safe for treatment for patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. In addtion, findings showed less electric activity of the vastus lateralis oblique muscle in relation to the other stabilizers of patella, suggesting that vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis longus muscles maintain patellar alignment while VLO doesn t act as lateral stabilizer of the patella, but it acts in the dynamics of patellofemoral joint during gait.
Arqueologia fenomenológica de Merleau-Ponty
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-09)
Mantovani, Harley Juliano
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Ferraz Júnior, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2255412497679553
This dissertation is based the relationship between Phenomenology and Metaphysics, one of the pillars of contemporary French Philosophy. If, in that context, there seems to be a consensus according to which the metaphysical is originary, we, on the other hand, aim at investigating its place and its origins. This work focuses on one of the aspects over which that relationship has developed, and which, at the same time, characterize one novelty of contemporary Philosophy, namely, the concern with language and with writing. When the phenomenological discourse unveiled what it first denied, the Being, when it neutralized itself in this incapability of expression, it brought the metaphysical, which thereafter needed to be seen as originary. What characterizes the metaphysical in discourse is, thus, a rational cohesion without a concept, that is, the absence of abstract and objective categories and of pure meanings given a priori, for a thought which could possibly be prior to language. With this rearrangement of the metaphysical concerning language, and taking it as a Philosophical theme, we return to the origins and to the inauguration of Philosophy. Finally, we analyze this surpassing of Phenomenology through the return to language phenomenon, which meant having another encounter with Philosophy after Phenomenology. This re-visitation meant the narrative of a new beginning. As we proceeded in this process, the importance of language for the whole ontological project of Merleau-Ponty became more and more clear, especially concerning the initial moments of a Phenomenology of perception, when it was not in the center of our analysis, and when it was not discussed. This silence was revealing to us.
A temática indígena e a diversidade cultural nos livros didáticos de história: uma análise dos livros recomendados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-10-09)
Gobbi, Izabel
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752