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Semelhanças e diferenças de habilidades sociais entre crianças com síndrome de Down incluídas e crianças com desenvolvimento típico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-08)
Pereira, Mariana Sarro
;
Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8748771953218635
Recent works about students inclusion have shown that it brings significant improvement to the social and cognitive development to the major part of students with special educational needs, included those with Down syndrome. Considering the benefits of that inclusion, and this process based on social interaction, it can be supposed that the social relationships are significant to the social and cognitive development for children in the general, as well as for those with special educational needs. The results of researches concerning to social skills of children with Down syndrome are controversial: some of them point out that these individuals are highly sociable while others state difficulties in their social behavior. Considering this imbalance, the present work had as objectives: 1) identify the social skills repertoire from both groups of students, with Down syndrome and with typical development; 2) compare similarities and differences of the social skills repertoire between the groups; 3) verify the correlation among the frequency, the adequation and the difficulty to emit social skills reactions trough the self-evaluation; 4) verify the correlation between selfevaluation and the evaluation done by teachers about social skills reactions; and 5) verify the differences of social skills intrinsic of each group as a function of their own characteristics. In this research were included 10 children with Down syndrome, 10 children with typical development and their teachers. The scores to evaluate the social skills were obtained through IMHSC-Del-Prette (Inventário Multimídia de Habilidades Sociais de Crianças-Del-Prette) tool. T-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient performed statistical analyses. The results allowed verify similarities between the groups as far as passive behavior was concerned. Related to active and skilled behavior it had been found differences between groups. Generally, children with Down syndrome showed some deficits in their social skills repertoire in comparison with children with typical development. Also had been verified a positive correlation between scores of social skills self-evaluation, as well as between scores of social skills self-evaluation and these done by teachers. In the intrinsic social skills differences of each group, the Down syndrome children were affected by type of school and learning disabilities, while typical development children were affected by gender and learning disabilities. In spite of the natural characteristics of the syndrome, it is necessary to look with special attention to the characteristics learned by these individuals. The adequate stimulation of their environments it is of fundamental importance for their development and learning
Recursos humanos para o agronegócio brasileiro: avaliação da oferta e da demanda por profissionais.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-09)
Rinaldi, Rúbia Nara
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0402555496801531
This thesis aims to analyse if the Brazilian higher education system in agribusiness is offering appropriate development according to the needs of a series of sectors that outline the national agroindustrial companies. In order to achieve the designed objectives in this research, this study was developed in four subjects. The first subject is related to search the professional profile that has being requested by several agents of the national agribusiness. The second concerns about the identification and characterization of the knowledge and skills that have been mainly transmitted through the university degrees in the agribusiness field in Brazil. The third subject aims to compare the requested profile demanded versus the current academic profile proposed in the investigated university degrees in order to identify the professionals that are not in line with the market demands of our system in relation to the needs of many evaluated segments and more specifically pointing to the knowledge groups and abilities that are more necessary to be provided in the programs that are not regulated to the current requirements. After these steps it was verified that the biggest part of this problem was related to the skills and knowledge in communication as well as the interpersonal skills, which are the major concern of the companies, but are hardly stimulated in the evaluated programs. Thus, aiming to stimulate theses skills and expertise in the undergraduates we propose achievements through the concept of competence on the Brazilian higher education in agribusiness area. For that reason the fourth subject of this research can be validated by this case study done in three different courses in the Wageningen University in the Netherlands, in order to better understand how the competence-based profiles are currently being developed leading the syllabuses in Dutch higher education in the sense of supporting the undergraduate professionals concerned to the agro industrial market requirements. It is true that is not sufficient for the new generation of professionals in this area to be experts in several different areas of the knowledge. It is important to prepare professionals who are able to respond to the actual demand of the Brazilian agro industrial market, and that are able to solve different problems in their areas making efforts to reduce the differences between the greater number of unemployed highly educated professionals and the lack of qualified professionals in companies.
O abrigo como fator de risco e proteção: indicadores e avaliação institucional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-09)
Salina, Alessandra
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6115884893676770
Research indicates how foster care institutions problems may harm the development of children and adolescents in need for protection. Thus, a more efficient practice by professionals who work in these entities could contribute with the prevention of deficiencies, which institutionalized children may present. The present work focuses on the role of child protection services and has as general objective to investigate the strategies employed by such professionals, when evaluating foster care institutions, as well as under which quality indicators their assessment behavior is under control. Two studies were carried through in two interior cities of São Paulo estate, Brazil. Four child protection agents, a member of the Municipal Council for the Rights of the Children and the Adolescents, a member of the Social Assistance City Council, the Judiciary power s Social Worker, the town´s Judge, and the Coordinator of the town s single foster care institution participated of Study 1. Study 2 participants were: nine professionals responsible for the foster care evaluation (five Child Protection Agents, one member of the Municipal Council for the Rights of the Children and the Adolescents, the Youth and Child Judge and the city s Prosecutor; as well as five foster care institutions Coordinators). The data was collected by means of interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. Results indicated that the professionals who monitor foster care institutions, in both studies, use, predominantly, local visits to the entity as an evaluation strategy. However, these visits vary in frequency and format (some talk every two to six months with employees and children; while others only observe the functioning of the entity). Quality indicators described as guidelines for the assessment are also varied. The low frequency of reports regarding training aspects of foster care staff and the entity s concern for maintenance of the familiar bonds are of notice.
Efeito da terapia estrogênica sobre o controle autonômico da freqüência cardíaca e a capacidade aeróbia de mulheres saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-12)
Neves, Valéria Ferreira Camargo
;
Silva, Ester da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3171959033305034
The effects of female sex hormones on the cardiovascular system have been the topic of much discussion and controversy in the literature. Nevertheless, many scientists believe that estrogens play an important cardioprotective role in premenopausal women, with their effects being observed directly on blood vessels or indirectly by the promotion of an antiatherogenic lipid profile. In recent years, studies have reported that estrogen hormone levels may also influence autonomic control of heart rate (HR) and exercise tolerance. However, other researches have found no modification of these parameters in function of hormone therapy. Within this context, three studies were conducted to verify whether estrogen therapy (ET) could attenuate the age-related decline in autonomic control of HR under resting and exercise conditions and aerobic capacity of healthy women. Thirteen young women (mean age: 24 years), 10 postmenopausal women undergoing ET (PMET, mean age: 53 years) and 15 postmenopausal women not undergoing ET (PMnET, mean age: 56 years) were studied. Hormonal treatment consisted of 0.625 mg/day of conjugated equine estrogens. In the first study, the effect of age and ET on HR variability (HRV) under resting conditions in the supine and sitting positions was evaluated. HRV was analyzed by time (TD) and frequency domain (FD) methods. In this study, higher values of the temporal indices of HRV were observed for the young group. In the analysis of FD, the PMnET group presented lower values in the indices reflecting vagal activity and higher values in the indices reflecting sympathetic activity compared to the young group (supine position) and to the PMET group (sitting position). These results suggest that HRV decreases during aging and that ET may attenuate this process by promoting a reduction of sympathetic activity on the heart and contributing to the cardioprotective effect of estrogen hormones. In the second study, the effect of age and ET on the autonomic control of HR during dynamic exercise and anaerobic threshold (AT) was evaluated. Dynamic exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer starting at 15 W and followed by 5 W increments, until the loss of HR response stabilization was identified by a semiparametric model, characterizing AT. The autonomic control of HR during exercise was analyzed by vagal withdrawal at the beginning of exercise and by calculating the rMSSD index of the stable interval of each workload level. The vagal withdrawal and the rMSSD index were higher for the young group at the workloads studied. The young group also presented higher workload and HR values at AT compared to the postmenopausal groups. These results suggest that autonomic modulation of HR during exercise and aerobic capacity are strongly influenced by age. Hypoestrogenism and ET had no effect on the variables studied. In the third study, the effect of age and ET on cardiorespiratory responses during a cardiopulmonary exercise test was evaluated. This test was performed on a cycle ergometer with 10 to 20 W/min increments until physical exhaustion. The AT was determined by graphic visual analysis of the curves for carbon dioxide output and oxygen uptake ( O2). Higher workload and HR values both at AT and at the peak of exercise were observed for the young group. HR was similar between groups at AT and significantly higher at peak exercise for the young group. The percentages of AT in relation to peak exercise for O2 and HR values were higher for the postmenopausal groups. These results suggest that ET had no effect on cardiorespiratory responses during the incremental exercise test. In conclusion, the results obtained in the three studies suggest that the vagal-protective effect of estrogen hormones detected at rest is not maintained during exercise. In addition, exercise tolerance does not seem to depend on the physiological levels of estrogens. On this basis, the present findings support the importance of the prescription of physical exercise in the clinical orientation for climacteric women
Avaliação da influência dos programas Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade e Revitalização Geriátrica sobre a qualidade de vida de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-12)
Castro, Paula Costa
;
Oishi, Jorge
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1417328590472858
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790263464498111
There was evaluated the influence on quality of life and its physical parameters correlation of the elderly during the first term of São Carlos Open University of the Third Age (named UATI) and Geriatric Revitalization Program (REVT). Participants - 135 individuals of first year at UATI and Geriatric Revitalization Program with mean age of 63,83 (±7,22) years. The volunteers were evaluated on physical measures (balance, body flexibility, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, blood pressure, weight, height and heart rate), besides aswering the the SF36 and WHOQOL-bref quality of life questionaries and happyness enterview on the beginning and after four months intervention. The UATI intervention concerns physical activities, including physical therapy group, art, culture and leisure. The REVT had 48 physical activity sessions, 16-week period, three times a week, lasting 50-55 minutes each. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measurements. There were no differences between the two groups. Both groups showed significant increase on quality of life level according the overall result WHOQOL bref; on Psychological domain, Environment domain, Question 1 and Question 2 of WHOQOL bref; and General Health of SF36. The Physical and Social domains of WHOQOL bref and other domains of SF36 do not showed significant improvement. Between physical measures, both groups showed improvement on body flexibility, balance, maximal oxygen uptake and blood pressure. There was no differences on muscle strength, weight, height and heart rate. There was weak and most times no significant correlation among physical measures and quality of life questionary domains. There was also weak correlation (or no correlation) between similar domains of WHOQOL-bref and SF36, indicating difference between the measures. The WHOQOL-bref showed better sensivity for this study sample. These programs contributed to increase quality of life according to WHOQOL - bref.
Procedimentos de pesquisa na produção científica discente do PPGEEs/UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-13)
Garrutti, Érica Aparecida
;
Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6006817586830268
The debates on the production and dissemination of the knowledge in Special Education, produced essentially in the Graduate Programe in Education, Special Education and Psychology in Brazil, are increasing and, in general way, make possible the identification of trends and gaps. Considering this, the doctor dissertations and master thesis produced in the Program of Post-Graduation in Special Education of the Federal University of São Carlos (PPGEEs/UFSCar) had been analyzed in this study, with the objective of identifying the methodological delineations, the techniques and the instruments of collection, the forms of analysis and the more frequent mensuration resources and to verify the relation that these components of the students production establish with the objectives. The dissertations defended in the PPGEEs/UFSCar after the defense of the first doctorate thesis, in August of 2000, up to 2004, had been selected by means of proportional stratified sampling and all the thesis produced in this period. For the collection of data, initially, it was realized a reading of the selected dissertations and thesis, following a protocol elaborated to make it easier and standardize the collection of data. In the sequence, the dissertations and thesis had been grouped according to the academic level and the categories (target population, subject, objective, delineation, technique and instrument of collection, form of analysis and mensuration resource). After, it had been verified the possible relations among the information collected by means of the comparisons: objectives and subject versus methodological procedures (delineations, techniques/instruments, forms of analysis and mensuration resources); research lines, year of defense and scholarship versus objectives, subjects and methodological procedures, by the joint analysis of the categories. The results had revealed that the analyzed students production of the PPGEEs/UFSCar focused the mental deficiency in the taget population; the teaching-learning as subject; the description, the experiment and the almost-experiment as delineations; the interview, the observation and the test in the collection of data; the form of quantitative analysis concomitant to qualitative or only the quantification; and, amongst the dissertations and thesis with some quantification procedure, the tools of the descriptive statistics. Differences are observed when the methodological procedures are compared with the academic level, objective, subject and research line. It is distinguishing the importance of the student staff of the PPGEEs/UFSCar pledging in the selection of the methodological procedures tied with the initial definition of the problems, objectives and hypotheses of the researchs.
Contexto familiar de crianças com síndrome de Down: interação e envolvimento paterno e materno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-14)
Silva, Nancy Capretz Batista da
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Aiello, Ana Lúcia Rossito
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5087767006102520
Changes in society bring a new way of familiar organization and a new look at the participation of the man in this context. Although the father s importance has been recognized, on Brazil, there are few studies which aim at knowing the relation between the father and his child with special needs characteristics. Besides, the findings about the fathers involvement with their children are varied: sometimes mothers are more involved, others fathers spend a significant time with their special needs children. A better characterization would be obtained with observation measures as much father-child interaction, as mother-child interaction, searching in this manner a systematic vision of the family. In this way, the objective of the present study was to describe the interactions of father and mother with their children with Down Syndrome in play situation and compare these interactions, taking in account variables such as stress, empowerment, self-esteem, home environment and additionally the father s participation on the child s care and home activities, the influence of the grandparents and the paternal vision under aspects of fatherhood and the child s deficiency. Ten families having children with Down Syndrome aging between two and six years took part on this study; from diverse socioeconomic and educational status; residents in Ribeirão Preto and São Carlos cities. It had been used: Critério Brasil, Questionário de Caracterização do Sistema Familiar, Guia Geral de Transcrição dos Dados de Entrevista, Entrevista de Caracterização do Papel do Pai Brasileiro na Educação da Criança com Deficiência Mental, Inventário HOME, QRS-F, ISSL, FES, PSOC, Protocolo de Categorias de Análise das Filmagens de Interação and Sistema Definitivo de Categorias Observacionais. These tools were the base for the interviews, home observation and interaction of the family members filming analysis (in the total of one hour). The results indicate that: the mother was the main responsible for the home activities; the father shared the child s care in half of the sample; the social web of support was composed by the own family and relatives; great part of the grandparents participated of the familiar life; only a family offered a rich environment in stimulation and support for the child; the genitors showed low percentages of stress related to the presence of the deficient child; half of the parents presented indicative symptoms of stress; all considered theirselves empowered; and the majority exhibited elevated self-esteem. In relation to the fathers: half of them passed good part of the day with their children; the majority considered theirselves a good father; all considered theirselves an important figure on his children lives; and most of them believed that the child would have a life pretty close to the normal in the future. In relation to the observations, olhar na direção da criança (looking to the child s direction) was the positive behavior of greater frequency for the parents; none of the genitors corrected inappropriate behaviors; and the negative behavior of higher frequency was comentários negativos (negative commentaries). The most emmited positive behavior by children was prestar atenção (pay attention) and the negative behavior was desobediência (disobedience). Furthermore, the most frequent kind of activity was Brincadeiras com objetos (Play with objects) and the interactions occured mainly at Conjunta (Joint) way, with Direta (Direct) transition from one activity to another, with Sincronia (Synchrony), Supervisão (Supervision), Amistosidade (Friendly) and Liderança (Leadership). These fathers, on general, seems to be involved with their children, offering varied stimulation for them, and present low level of stress and show themselves empowered in relation to the presence of a deficient child.
A padronização e classificação de fruta como ferramenta de gestão : um estudo na comercialização de pêssego e nectarina.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-14)
Dornfeld, Hugo Carlos
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Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3803942037472361
The objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the use of standardization and classification rules, suggested by the CEAGESP, by peach and nectarine producers and wholesalers and identify the effects of this procedure in the supplying and commercialization of the mentioned fruits. The methodology used was the qualitative study and the study case, where the procedure adopted for the information survey was the interviews with producers from two cities of the São Paulo state and with the wholesalers of the Entreposto Terminal de São Paulo (ETSP). Differences were found among the producers from Guapiara and Paranapanema, which the first region is formed of simpler producers without access of information or any kind of technology. Most producers of the second region are optimist about the use of standardization and classification rules and emphasizes that its use is the reason of the peach and nectarine commercialization success, by this, they invest in the improvement of fruit quality by updating, when possible, the technologies used in the production and post-harvest processes. This way, the use of standardization and classification rules helps and provides more benefits than disadvantages to those producers that adopt it. In relation to the wholesalers, it was identified the preference and valorization of classified peach and nectarine, although these agents says that the market does not yet recognize the proper benefits of the use of standardization and classification rules. The conclusion of this dissertation is that use of standardization and classification rules suggested by the CEAGESP works as a tool to help the management of peach and nectarine commercialization process
Fratura proximal de fêmur : estudo de uma coorte residente em Assis-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-16)
Pacheco, Cássia Regina Saade
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Oishi, Jorge
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1417328590472858
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2832315003901953
The Proximal Femoral Fracture (PFF) is said to be the most serious and devastating consequence of the osteoporosis due to hospitalization and surgical treatment demand and to be able to produce functional incapacity and mortality, mainly at a great age in association with co-morbidity. Affecting mainly women, the PFF requires care provided by the family as a caretaker, even so the rehabilitation process must begin in the hospital stage, assuring the patient to have an early mobilization and independence. This research was based on a retrospective and observation cohort study aiming to know the physical and psycho-socialeconomical aspects of PFF to relate the fracture causes to the osteoporosis and the discernment of the osteoporosis. This research studied 81 subjects (age 77,43 +/- 10,78), men and women (73%) living in Assis at the age of >/= 40, internal patient at Charity Association Santa Casa de Assis for treatment of PFF for trauma of low energy. There were at SAME 103 selected handbooks dated from January, 2002 to December, 2004 being excluded 22 subjects during the study. The data were obtained through a questionnaire (133 subjects) in home visit. This cohort showed 100% of surgical treatment (98% by SUS, 2% by IAMSPE) for fracture of femoral neck (58%), with osteossintesis (61%); higher incidence at a great age (77,43 +/- 10,78), woman (78%), sedentary (98%) who took care of the home (49%); due to fall of the own height (87%) at home (77%), being demanded caretaker s presence (98%) family (87%). The pointed co-morbidity (79%) was the hypertension (20%) and cardiopathy (18%). The mortality population (36%) and the non-recovery (17%) showed a significant increased age (p < 0,05) compared to those recovered (47%). 55% of the deaths happened 3 months after PFF recovery. The Physiotherapy was shown important to the recovery in this cohort with low osteoporosis discenment. Education directions to the population and physical activity practices at a great age are necessary to prevent from falls and death or disability as a PFF consequence.
A construção de identidades muçulmanas no Brasil: um estudo das comunidades sunitas da cidade de Campinas e do bairro paulistano do Brás
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-16)
Castro, Cristina Maria de
;
Freston, Paul Charles
This thesis analyses the construction of Muslim identities in Brasil, basically through the participant observation technique in the Islamic Center of Campinas and the Islamic Youth League, in Brás neighbourhood, in São Paulo city. I try to understand how this process of construction of identity happens towards: 1) the negotiation with the Brazilian host society, caracterized by the strong presence of Catholicism, the growth of Protestantism, a secular state, a basically Western culture, dependency on the USA and the Brazilian tradition of absorbing immigrants in a very strong process of assimmilation; 2) the globalization of islamite trends, also meaning the creation of a new consciousness of Ummah and; 3) the negotiations inside the Muslim communities, between Arabs and converts and also between men and women to define what means to be a male and female Muslim in Brazil. Finally, the comparative study of two Muslim communities with such different profiles as the Sunni communities of Campinas and Brás, allows to analyse until what point different occupations, ethnic backgrounds and spatial distributions promote the arising of different Islamic practices and speeches, towards the fields previously delimited .
Em algum lugar do passado... investigando as relações que professoras alfabetizadoras estabelecem com a leitura a partir de suas memórias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-17)
Taipeiro, Daniela Isabel
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Silva, Ademar da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9028512631572133
In this paper I analyze the reading memories narratives of six literacy teachers, teaching in Cycle I (1st to 4th years) of the state education network, in the city council of São Carlos, São Paulo state. As theoretical support, I sought input on studies which dealt with history of life, teacher education, memory and narrative, and the history of reading and literacy. Also with the vestigial paradigm support, I look for trails, signs and signals in their narratives that indicate what their relationship with reading are, not only as teachers, but also as readers, from the past to the present. Data analyzed shows that the teachers are readers of a reading repertoire that is restricted to environmental and/or marginal literacy. (Kleiman, 1998). Taking into consideration that they are responsible for the students reading education, it is concluded that these readings marginal and / or environmental not match with the form of reading to them is required to stimulate in students, most prestigious and valued socially. Their reports also show that the reading past experiences recalling exercise allows a reflection on their pedagogical practice. This school life stories recalling has shown that knowledge is not caught in isolation, and it is possible to find out, through these memory returns, some clues that show, for example, the importance of family and school in the literacy process, and these teachers personal reading conceptions. I believe that on understanding how literacy teachers constitute themselves as readers, it may be possible to think of their reading stories as a starting point or a way in to the expansion of their reading repertoire, aiming to a more equitable distribution of the literate knowledge.
Avaliação de potencialidades e aplicações de espectrômetros com plasma acoplado indutivamente em análises químicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-22)
Vieira, Edivan Carvalho
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5545211665550080
This work is divided in two main parts. In the first one, the operating conditions of a radially inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) was evaluated in soil and vegetable materials analysis. A factorial design was performed to systematic evaluation of the equipment operating conditions, being established: 1.05 kW power, 0.6 L min-1 flow gas nebulization and 8 mm observation height as operating conditions to Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn determination in the studied samples, certified materials (NIST, Peach Leaves and Corn Bran), digested in different oxidant media. The recoveries of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in soil extracts (IAC 274 and NIST San Joaquim Soil) were also evaluated in the same established conditions. A protocol was established for use of the equipment in routine analysis. In the second part of this work, the bioavailability of iron-proteins in different crude and processed foods was evaluated. Two different media were used to metalloprotein extraction: Tris buffer 5,0x10-3 mol L-1 and simulated gastric fluid. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to determine Fe in the extract solutions and a size exclusion column (SEC) coupled to UV-ICP-MS detectors was used to metalloprotein speciation. The results indicated that the cooking caused significant changes in the amounts of Fe bond to proteins from beefs and seaweeds, although the elements were still bioavailables.
Estudo da cristalização de lactose em diferentes solventes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Brito, Ana Beatriz Neves
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Giulietti, Marco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703659740618915
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3606604113019271
In the study of the lactose crystallization process, the nucleation phenomena and crystalline growth have been evaluated, when the systems were submitted to different solvent and operational conditions. The solubility s curves, for each of the solvents, were obtained experimentally and compared with theoretical data, serving as a basis for the crystallization processes. The main objective of the present work is to study the lactose crystallization process in solution through the partial change of the solvent. This change occurs through the addition of a second solvent, a compound that reduces the solute solubility, but that is miscible in the first one. The addition of a second compound to the system creates new lactose crystallization conditions to the purity, form and size of the crystals. With this procedure it was intended to get a reasonable control of the lactose crystallization for the improvement of the final quality of the product, that is, a narrow and defined size distribution of the crystals, with homogeneous crystalline habit and guaranteed purity level. Another objective of this work was to study the crystallization system for batch lactose solutions. Very little research has been done on the crystallization process of this complex organic compound, unlike many inorganic products, for which a high quantity of knowledge has been produced. With the accomplishment of the considered study, information had been gotten that make possible to improve the control of the final properties of the crystalline product, such as crystal sizes distribution (CSD), crystalline habit, crystalline fluid inclusions, among others.
Análise ambiental de bacias hidrográficas com base na fragmentação da paisagem: município de Getúlho Vargas (RS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Smaniotto, Manoela
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Santos, José Eduardo dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0537275302960867
Comparação de diferentes protocolos de treinamento físico nas atividades da vida diária em indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Marrara, Kamilla Tays
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5603964845135135
Objective: To compare the effects of different physiotherapeutic intervention during simulation of activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) moderate to severe. Methods: Thirty one patients with COPD (30%≤forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1)<80% of predict), randomized in: Group PT (GPT, n=8): physical training (PT) in treadmill for 30 minutes; Group NIV (GNIV, n=9): PT associated to non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for 30 minutes; Group MT (GMT, n=8): PT of upper-limb and Control Group (CG, n=6), enduring six weeks, three times for week. In the test of ADL simulated: to erase blackboard, catch weight, elevate weight, sweep, to climb steps and walk in the treadmill, realizing five minutes each activity, except climb steps and walk with duration of six minutes. Results: Intragroup analysis: significative reduction of E/MVV in the post-treatment for PTG and NIVG in basal and walk. The MTG showed significative decrease erasing the blackboard and walk, being similar as for O2/ O2max. The dyspnea showed significative reduction for PTG to the walk, and increase in the CG post-treatment. The number of climbs on the steps redu
Caracterização populacional de Cichla kelberi (Perciformes: Cichlidae) no reservatório do Lobo (Broa), Brotas / Itirapina - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Souza, Jussara Elias de
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Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1862746100743391
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6815950967125680
The Cichla kelberi population was characterized in terms of sexual proportion, size structure and some reproductive aspects. The collects were made in two distinct periods. The first, from November 2002 to November 2003 and the second, from December 2004 to May 2006. The sexual proportion showed significantly difference from 1:1 with predominance of females. Total length varied from 3.4 to 40.1cm, with large frequency on the small sized classes. These smallest individuals occurred around all the year, but mainly in the warmer months. Females and males reached similar maximum length. Individuals with Mature or Partial Spent gonads occurred mainly from November to April, indicating that Cichla kelberi has a long reproductive period, a biological evidence that it is a species well adapted in this reservoir, showing partial spawning and an absolute fecundity ranging from 6089 to 6908 oocytes.
Avaliação das condições operacionais de espectrômetro de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente com configuração axial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Trevizan, Lilian Cristina
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8889407559847288
The goal of this thesis was the critical evaluation of the analytical capability of an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP OES) with axially viewed configuration. The general view that axially systems are mainly applied to samples with low matrix complexity was evaluated and the performance of this configuration was supposed to be similar to the one of radially viewed systems. Figures of merit such as stability, robustness, detection limits, linear dynamic range, precision and accuracy were monitored in function of equipment operating conditions, sample introduction system and the complexity of the sample matrix. Magnesium II / Mg I ratio showed to be an adequate parameter for evaluation of ICP OES operating conditions. Factorial design allowed the determination of robust conditions for different sample introduction systems and evidenced the inefficiency of the V-groove nebulizer when operated at low nebulization gas flow-rate. For this nebulizer, in contrast with the literature, robust conditions were attained at both high applied power and high nebulization gas flow-rate. Using robust conditions, lower detection limits were found and high accuracy was obtained for the analysis of complex samples of non-fat milk powder diluted in tertiary amines medium and austenitic steel decomposed with aqua regia. For alcoholic beverage analysis, it was necessary the use of similar alcoholic concentration for the reference solutions and samples in order to compensate transport effects due to the presence of organic compounds. However, deviations greater than 10 % were observed for some elements in wine analysis. The use of the standard additions method or matrix matching by Fe addition was not necessary for austenitic steel analysis and calibration was performed with reference solutions in aqua regia 1.2 % v v-1 medium. Severe matrix effects in axially viewed ICP OES configuration did not occur and this configuration was competitive with radially viewed systems. An additional advantage of axially systems is the lower detection limits. However, the use of robust conditions caused a small decrease in linear dynamic range and can decrease the life-time of radio-frequency source and quartz torch of the equipment. Finally, the instrument software for semiquantitative analysis was evaluated and its performance was suitable for implementation of a screening procedure for biological samples microwave-assisted acid decomposed. This method allowed quantitative results for the majority of elements evaluated.
Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Escobal, Giovana
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2350037809874590
Choice making is a fundamental skill for all individuals. Choice opportunities are related with important questions of human development, and of paramount importance to the development of clinical and educational programs for mentally retarded individuals. Despite its practical importance, little is known about the effects that choice may have in the work environment of this population. In this study, choice was investigated under two conditions: with and without environmental work support. Work performance was assessed as a function of conditions chosen. First, four mentally retarded adults learned to perform a work task under those two conditions. The task consisted of assembling notebook covers. An MDF (medium density fiber) board measuring 30cm by 40 cm, was employed as work support and displayed several low relief recipients to suit its different components and was designed to provide immediate feedback, to increase or maintain the rate of work response and to prevent errors during the task routine. A number of small pieces of paper, 2cm by 2cm, in different colors, pieces of thin cardboard, 10cm by 8cm, glue sticks, candies and chocolate bars previously chosen by the participants in preference tests were used. The study took place in quiet, well lit and ventilated room at the participants institution, isolated from other workshop clients. Following initial training the participants worked individually either under multiple schedules or under concurrent-chain schedules according to a multiple-element design. When the multiple schedules condition was on, the components were either presence or absence of work support, quasi-randomly distributed. Under the concurrent-chain schedules conditions a FR-1 was used on the first link, and either one of the two work alternatives, on the second link. Throughout the study, whenever the participant presented an error, verbal, gestual prompts and model were provided. Initially verbal prompts were provided and, if necessary, by gestual, verbal plus gestual prompts, and model, in this sequence, until the target responses were emitted. In relation to the parameters analyzed, the number of errors and prompts were higher working without work support than working with it, during the teaching phase. Baseline on task performance, under multiple schedules, showed prompts lower in the work support component in relation to the no work support component. Under concurrent chain schedule, however, the percentage of prompts under work support was higher in relation to the no work support alternative. As far as time spent to complete the task, in the teaching phase, two participants finished the work activity faster in the component without support. During baseline on task performance, under multiple schedules and chain concurrent schedules, three participants finished the task faster working with the work support. The results showed a preference for the work support alternative for two participants, while the other two distributed their choices evenly between the two alternatives. With the work support, time on task was relatively lower as compared to the no work support. The number of errors by P3 was different from the other participants, who showed a much smaller number of errors evenly distributed between the experimental conditions. Working with support was preferable from the participant s point of view. Besides that, under supported work, participants finished the task faster and the number of errors was kept in a low level. The participants could choose independently of his performance in the parameters analyzed. The study brings a contribution to vocational training programs for the severely retarded and to the development of a common interface with the areas of Behavior Analysis, Special Education and Ergonomics and brings practical implications for the design of teach procedures for mentally retarded.
Obtenção, propriedades e fenomenologia de materiais ferroelétricos com estrutura tungstênio bronze
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Zambrano, Michel Venet
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Garcia, Ducinei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1830376229286038
The processing of lead metaniobate (PN) ferroelectric ceramics was optimized, therefore, in this work, the main details to obtain PN ceramics with density higher than 96 % of the ideal density are presented and discussed. Taking into account the potential of the lead metaniobate for different applications, mainly for high temperatures, the phase transition characteristics of this material, in both undoped and doped compositions, were detaily investigated. It was verified that the addition of Ti4+ enhances the densification and increase the Curie temperature. Nevertheless, the ferro-paraelectric phase transition is affected by an electric conductive process, which appears in temperatures below and above the Curie temperature. The double ionized oxygen vacancies are proposed to be the charge carriers responsible for this conductive process. The undoped and Ti4+-doped PN ceramics show low values of the mechanical quality factor and high piezoelectric anisotropy, which are desired characteristics for the fabrication of broad band electro-mechanical transducers, mainly to operate in the thickness mode. The addition of Ba2+ to the PN (PBN) considerably decreases the Curie temperature, but it induces a phase transition, leading to the formation of a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) around the composition with 37 % of Ba2+, in which some properties are enhanced. In this way, the characteristics of the ferro-paraelectric phase transition, for compositions around the MPB, were investigated for Ba2+-doped PN ceramics, textured by hot forging. It was found that the MPB extends towards a wide composition range, in which both tetragonal 4mm and orthorhombic m2m tungsten bronze (TB) phases coexist. In addition, with the increasing temperature, two phase transitions were observed for this composition range. First, the material portion with orthorhombic (m2m) symmetry transforms into the tetragonal (4mm) phase and, second, the 4mm phase (that represents the material in its totality) transforms into the paraelectric phase with the tetragonal 4/mmm TB symmetry. These results helped to complete the reported PBN phase diagram. Moreover, it was found that the La3+ addition to the PBN, for the composition with 56 % of Pb2+, induces the formation of the orthorhombic (m2m) phase. All the (doped and undoped) PN ceramics showed two dielectric dispersion processes at low temperatures, i.e. from 30 to 300 K, which seems to be an inherent feature of all materials with TB structure and ((A1)x(A2)5-xNb10O30) structural formula. The two processes were associated to a phase transition and the formation of incommensurate structures, respectively. The influence of such incommensurate structures on the relaxor behavior and diffusivity of the ferro-paraelectric phase transition was also analyzed.
Ecologia trófica da comunidade de peixes do reservatório do Lobo (Broa), Brotas-Itirapina/SP, com ênfase à introdução recente da espécie alóctone Cichla kelberi (Perciformes, Cichlidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-02-23)
Velludo, Marcela Roquetti
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Verani, Nelsy Fenerich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1849919927223660
The introduction of predatory species has carrying deep modifications on the original fish wildlife structure at aquatic environments. The feeding spectrum characterization of fish community from Lobo Reservoir (Broa), beside providing information about the species biology and establishing trophic guilds, made possible the follow-up of trophic alterations due the dam constructions and species introduction, beyond to propose ways of mitigation or management in order to sustain the environment fishery production. The Alimentary Index was used to see the features of the species feeding habits, and to verify if competition exists among the species, was used the Overlap and Similarity Index among the diets. A total of 23 species were collected and distributed in five trophic guilds. Three species present omnivorous diet, six species had shown insectivorous diet and present the major number of individuals, and the piscivorousinsetivorous guild presented two species. The piscivorous are represented by Hoplias malabaricus and Cichla kelberi. Cyphocarax modestus is real iliophagus, but his diet is quite similar to the Hypostomus ancistroides, detritivorous, and to the omnivorousdetritivorous Geophagus brasiliensis, Oreochromis niloticus and Phalloceros caudimaculatus. Poecilia reticulata presented a detritivorous diet, but with large participation of insects, and the diet of Serrapinnus heterodon is described as phytoplancktophagus. In the general community analisys was observed that peacook bass do not present overlap related to any specie, but his ascendancy on the community is shown through the restriction on the distribution of P. caudimaculatus and Corydoras aeneus and abstence of Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus and Cetopsorhamdia iheringi. It was observed yet a decrease of relative occurrence of G. brasiliensis e H. malabaricus and an increase of C. kelberi and Astyanax altiparanae, related to previous researches. Therefore, we are dealing with an environment disturbed by the establishing of peacook bass, despite his recently introduction, being indispensable the follow-up and management in order to dimishing the impacts already showed