Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-03-05"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21912

Processos de educar e educar-se em instituição de atendimento a crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-05)
Silva, Lígia Maria Portela da
;
Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7053146729033200
This work investigated how educators and students, who participated in the program of attending on children and adolescents at risk situation, are educated in order to recognize and respect the differences and also recognize their potentialities and limits, exercising their reflexive, critical, and propositive capacity. It was developed in 2006 and 2007, with the Programa Conquista Criança, a municipal action of attending on children and adolescents at risk situation, in Vitória da Conquista, in the State of Bahia, and it had as field of empiric research two workshops developed by the Program. The goals of the research were: a) to identify and analyze the conceptions of educators and students about education, educator, child and adolescent, and about the aims and the action of the Programa Conquista Criança; b) to analyze the educator s and the student s praxis and their formative process, identifying the different spaces, experiences and moments in which this process takes place. In this work, we understand education as a dialogical process, in the freirian perspective, in which the subjects involved are educated in relation to themselves and to the world, through reflexion and action, noticing reality as a process in continuous transformation. In this way, people educate and are educated in the several social practices in which they are inserted, so education also happens beyond the school space. For the development of the research the following proceedings were used: conversations, non-systematic observations and systematic ones, which were all registered in a field diary; interviews, and after the interview transcriptions, discussion with the participants were made; data analysis elaborated by the researcher was also discussed with the participants. Nineteen sections of observation and ten interviews were accomplished. Two educators and two students participated in this process. The elements that appeared from the adopted procedures permitted us establish the following categories of analysis, systematizing the participants conceptions and experiences: Visions of oneself and of the other; Visions of education and of the educative work in the Programa Conquista Criança; The daily work. That analysis led to the following dimensions understanding which aims at the citizenship formation: To do things together; To question, to listen, to say, to dialogue; To seek coherence of one s own behavior, keeping in touch with one s own history and inner truth; To exercise faith in the human being; To have and provide space of being and acting, exercising autonomy and responsibility. This work contributes to the reflection and elaboration of formative proposals to educators that act in the infantile and juvenile area, offering elements to think about the educative work, specially the one that is developed in institutions of attendance on children and young people at risk situation. The pointed dimensions can be of special interest to think over the practices developed at the school spaces, including the university and processes of education building knowledge.
Operação ótima de reator para síntese enzimática de ampicilina com cristalização simultânea dos produtos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-05)
Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda
;
Giordano, Roberto de Campos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195
Nowadays, industrial production of semi-synthetic penicillins requires low temperatures, organochloride solvents and yields a great amount of non-recyclable wastes. During the last decades, concerns about environmental impacts have increased, as well as the environmental legislation restrictions. Thus, the pursuit of cleaner routes has been encouraged. Enzymatic synthesis of these antibiotics, using penicillin G acylase (PGA) as biocatalyst, may be carried out at mild temperatures and pH, and is an environmentalfriendly route, alternative to the chemical synthesis. However, the low yields of the enzymatic process are still a drawback for their industrial implementation. An enzymatic semi-batch reactor using aqueous-precipitated medium is a promising approach to improve process efficiency. Yet, finding the optimal operation condition of the reactor is still a challenge, in order to make the enzymatic route economically competitive. This thesis addresses this issue, focusing on several aspects of the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin. The comprehension of the reaction mechanism, still not a consensus in the literature, was improved especially with respect to the role of the beta-lactam nucleus during the formation of the acyl-enzyme intermediate, which has important consequences on the reactor operation. Diffusion in the biocatalyst pores and its influence on the pH profile within this micro-environment were assessed through computer simulations. Results indicate considerable diffusion resistances within the biocatalyst, yielding important pH profiles. The process complexity leaded to the use of simplified mechanistic or empirical kinetic models. Applying dynamic optimization (optimal control) techniques, feed profiles for the reactants were obtained. A simplified model for the integrated semi-batch reactor for enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin with product crystallization was used for this purpose. Different techniques of dynamic optimization provided qualitatively the same optimum heuristics for the process operation. Since simplified models were used in optimal open-loop control algorithms, theoretical feed policies may diverge from those that would be needed to maintain the track of the concentration profiles of the optimized reactor. Moreover, disturbances in the input variables might lead the system to a different course. Thus, on-line monitoring is essential in pilot plants or industrial reactors. Multivariate calibration using UV spectra was the basis for the development of a system of analysis via flow injection (FIA), with good results. Ampicillin synthesis assays using an industrial biocatalyst (Recordatti, Italy) were run in order to improve some simplified kinetic models. The re-estimated models were inserted in optimization algorithms, providing trajectories in accordance with the same heuristics previously obtained. Experimental results obtained after two runs in the integrated semi-continuous reactor put into evidence a mismatch between model responses and the real process. This difference may be explained by the extrapolation of the kinetic model with respect to the enzymatic reactor load. On the other side, using a biocatalyst wrapped with a secondary inert matrix might alter the microenvironment of the enzyme, especially with respect to pH. Using a model that takes into account the effect of pH on the kinetics seems to be important to allow the fine-tuning of the industrial reactor selectivity and productivity.
Designação e argumentação em uma ação popular da cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-05)
Canassa, Marcela Codognatto
;
Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2991827496498503
This work is developed with the perspective theory and methodology of the Semantics of happening and has the objective to understand how to work the designation of language, more specificaly, to analyze how to work to the juridical argumentation through the designations. As an example we took as an analyze object a juridical process named Ação Popular 2, where the petitioner locutors ask the preservation of the public square Coronel Paulino Carlos de Arruda Botelho, where the one who were required were building commercial points to ambulant commmerce. In conclusion we contacted that there is two relations of antonym in this process that mobilized the argumentation. A big one which happen between the enunciation of the petitioners locutors and those used by who were required; and a specific one, which happen in the interior of the enunciation of the petitioners locutors which through of the deignations and of the memorables, guide the argumentation in favor of the preservation of the Square Paulino Carlos as historic patrimony of the city, and so the square stays as the space of the local identity preservation.
A reestruturação das cadeias de suprimentos de sementes de milho híbrido no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-05)
Dias, Fernando Mayer
;
Alves, Maria Rita Pontes Assumpção
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1699788011520872
The changes in the supply and in the products demand have motivated the companies to look for new ways of management, able to integrate the organizations, based on the development of relationships with business partners. In the hybrid corn seeds sector in Brazil, this search started in the end of nineties, when this sector was restructured, creating a new hybrid supply in the market and raising the competition. The higher products supply associated with the changes in the seeds demand profile has resulted in difficulties for the processors to establish the mix in order to serve the farmers, creating wastes in obsolete stock forms. This paper proposes a study of multiple cases in order to clarify casual links between the supply chain structure and the obsolete seeds wastes. The participant members, the structural dimensions, the integrations of the demand management process and the products and information flows were all identified. The results of this research point out that the national hybrid corn seeds sector shows two distinct supply chain structures. A traditional structure, that counts on the presence of the retail to offer its products in the market, and a new structure which serves directly the farmers. The results also point out that the waste of hybrid corn seeds in Brazil is related to supply chain structure. The presence of a numerous immediate tier customers and the lack of collaborative working between the processor and the retail blocks the processors demand visibility. The activities that form the demand management are made mainly by the processor, with a functional work structure and showing a low level of integration with the retail. The lack of information about the demand results in seeds production plan based on the stores orders, raising the distortion on the demand estimate, creating the bullwhip effect. Besides that, it leads the seeds processor to push inventory forward based on forecasting. The push inventory raises the level of the stocks and causes a risk of incorrect stocks in the retail, mainly because it is an innovative product with hard forecasting. These problems were not verified in the structure that serves the farmer directly. In this case, there is a higher integration of the demand management process, what allows a reduction of wastes.
A trajetória da Democracia Socialista : da fundação ao PT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-06)
Angelo, Vitor Amorim de
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4045059477271704
The dissertation analyzes the Socialist Democracy s (DS) trajectory between 1979, year of its foundation, and 1987, when the resolution about the Brazilian Workers Party s (PT) internal trends was approved. The DS was created on the strength of the unification of regional groups that acted in the student movement along with old left militants and since its beginning it contributed to the creation of the PT. During this period, the Socialist Democracy was one of the organizations that grew the most inside the party, holding managerial positions in its board, enjoying good relationships with its management and having most of its proposals incorporated by the PT. The hypothesis of this work is that this growth was a result of the performance marked by critiscism of the party and its leadership, and also because of the support to its management and respect of their own decisions, in an intermediate position that differentiated the Socialist Democracy of other PT s left organizations, especially that of the trotskists.
A gestão das creches municipais de São Carlos na visão das diretoras: da assistência à educação (1999-2004)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-06)
Reis, Maria das Graças Fernandes de Amorim dos
;
Abramowicz, Anete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5724281770530388
This research refers to the management of early childhood education, representing a diagnosis of the early childhood education institutions in São Carlos, named Creches (Day Care Centers). This study is important because it intends to contribute to the discussion of some questions about children s education in Creches (Day Care Centers); moreover, due to the lack of exploitation of this theme. The research was focused on the configuration and specificities of early childhood education management in the Creches (Day Care Centers) once it was transferred from Social and Assisting Promotion Department to the Educational Department, defined by LDB Law number 9394/96. The study main target was to put in doubt the elements brought by the management to the discussion of the work in the Creches (Day Care Centers). The paper was organized in several parts, in order to cover methodological issues; early childhood education national policies and how they interact with the actions promoted by the city-hall; a description of the city Creches (Day Care Centers), mentioning some statistic data, organization and operation, professionals who work in the Creches (Day Care Centers) and the city actions to implement the early childhood education in the Creches (Day Care Centers) during the last four years (2001-2004); nowadays perspectives in school management, emphasizing the participative management and an analysis of the school administration/management under a foucaultian perspective, posing the area as a field of knowledge/power; the presentation and analysis of the data collected through interviews with São Carlos Creches (Day Care Centers) principals. To make this study possible, it was necessary to combine bibliographical research about the early childhood education matters, the school administration/management and the adopted references; the documents research meant to characterize the updated childhood education public policies, based on the laws, the plans and some others, like documents which read contents and prescriptions about the early childhood education; and the data collecting through 14 interviews testimonies with principals of the city Creches (Day Care Centers) in São Carlos. The results of these interviews were a great amount of data, from which we selected some speeches, the most important parts to help characterize the management, the discussion and the analysis suggested. In the closing, as final considerations, we reassured many points discussed throughout the paper, viewing the necessity to proceed a reflection about the possible precocious school process of young children, as long as the proposal of other studies about the management of the institutions that assist children from 0 to 3 years old.
Para um estudo da questão do socialismo no Brasil: os primórdios em Santos através da publicação de A Questão Social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-06)
Turci, Alex Neriz
;
Vianna, Marly de Almeida Gomes
This study has as main goal analyze the publication A questão Social by the Socialist Center of Santos in the end of the 19th century. I search to understand how the socialists ideas emerged in Europe were established in the country and their reflexes over the left-wing press in this study, the periodical of the Socialist Center of Santos. The present work tries to show why not to consider the revolutionary acts as the most adequate, searching for a reformist way of action. The fact of Marxism has seduced intellectuals from middle classes, from which the leaders of the Center of Santos came from; pointing out that Silvério Fontes was a strong mischaracterizing element in this organization before the labor man. The biggest part of the work parties and organizations defining themselves as socialists in Brazil during the last decade of the 19th century fought for reformist measures in favor of workmen such as reduction of working hours and prohibition of child labor. Thus it can be stated that the Brazilian Socialism was coherent with the dominant chain of the International Second which prayed for a socialist society from a perspective which would be the result of a historical evolution without any kind of violent means to achieve this occurrence, concentrating its main efforts on short and middle term political actions, that is, in achieving electing victories and in the program that should lead its actions if they ever got the power through party arena. And their publications are an important historical source to understand this reception of ideas.
Aplicação conjunta do custeio baseado em atividades com o valor econômico agregado (EVA) em uma cooperativa agropecuária avícola de corte.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-07)
Souza Filho, Men de Sá Moreira de
;
Batalha, Mario Otávio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768901375579199
The present work aims a joint application of Activity Based Costing (ABC) with Economic Value Added (EVA) in a poultry agropecuary cooperative. Firstly, it was defined the following for the development of the model of Activity Based Costing (ABC) as part of cooperative productive chain: poultry slaughterhouse, feed industry, incubatoty and broiler parents farm. Secondly, it was evaluated the economic value creation at the cooperative through the Economic Value Added (EVA) indicator. Finally, joint application of Activity Based Costing (ABC) with Economic Value Added (EVA) was performed for costing objects of feed industry and poultry slaughterhouse cooperatives products. As result of the research, it was identified the following: cooperative products costing in terms of activities, evaluation of the value creation in the cooperative and cooperative products costing was possible based in activities, evaluation of value creation in the cooperative and which products create or destroy economic value in this organization. The model of Activity Based Costing (ABC) was applied for costing of cost objects in the operational units of the cooperative. The results showed evidencing in the case of the poultry slaughterhouse unit the presence of products with negative margin and rentability. Regards to the application of EVA it was verified that the cooperative presented a creation of economic value in the three last years of the carried through evaluation, however with one raised level of dependence of external capital for operations development. The joint application of Activity Based Costing (ABC) with Economic Value Added (EVA) revealed viable with regard to its use in the structure of the poultry slaughterhouse and feed industry by means of the use drivers of capital cost. This application assists in the evaluation and adequacy of products mix of the cooperative for direction the value creation.
Abordagens alimentares em uma comunidade pesqueira de Cananéia, Litoral Sul de São Paulo: conhecimento tradicional, gênero, segurança alimentar e sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-07)
Ferreira, Marina Vianna
;
Nordi, Nivaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8168865557947289
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9020309796452848
A batalha pela memória : os militares e o golpe de 1964
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-07)
Atassio, Aline Prado
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7695077592581355
Influência da ordem-desordem estrutural na fotoluminescência do CaTiO3:Sm
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-08)
Figueiredo, Alberthmeiry Teixeira de
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7026388762536003
Some properties of the materials, such as ferroelectric and optic, are dependents to structural organization of the material. Thus, to know the order disorder degree at short, intermediate and long range is important to elucidate or predict properties in materials. The PL emission at room temperature will be used to study the structural order disorder at short, intermediate and long range in the CaTiO3:Sm, in function of annealed temperature. Using studies of the structural order disorder in the CaTiO3:Sm system will propose a model that appoint to favorable conditions, in disordered material, to show PL emission at room temperature.
Seleção de ligas com alta tendência de formação de estrutura amorfa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-08)
Aliaga, Luis César Rodriguez
;
Kiminami, Claudio Shyinti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443002033733395
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7148278938710201
The understanding of the law that explain why certain alloys form amorphous structure by cooling the molten melt under cooling rates lower than others alloys remains as one of the great challenges of the materials science and engineering. There is not only scientific but also technological importance in determining the best compositions that can form such metastable structures with larger simplicity. In an effort for elucidating part of this mystery diverse models and criteria are promising: i) of topological instability, "λ criterion", and ii) the thermodynamic approach, "γ* criterion". The application of this last one in binary systems showed excellent prediction of the amorphous former compositions. Although, experimental results through the years have proven that multi-component systems, especially ternary ones, are more suitable to form bulk samples with amorphous structure. The goal of this thesis is to search compositions with high glass forming ability, by means of the application of models and criterions focusing on systems based on chemical elements of relative low cost. An extension of the γ* criterion , for ternary systems, was developed and valided for Cu-Zr-Al alloys. That extension of the γ* criterion was, combined with the λ-criterion , applied to select new alloy compositions with high glass forming ability in Ni-Ti and Ni-Nb-B systems. The combined use of both criterions was quite powerful tool in the selection of alloys with the higher GFA.
Segurança em instalações elétricas provisórias em canteiros de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Mantelli, Fernando Eduardo Alonso
;
Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5061094631681697
Temporary electric installations occur in small, average and great construction-sites and many times for being of temporary nature are unsafe and precariously executed. The electricity, source of potential danger even in low tension, is responsible on significant part of the occupational accidents, directly by means of electrical shocks and burnings due the voltaic arcs or indirectly by means of injuries caused for machines, equipment and components, requiring therefore, special attention in order to prevent accidents. Through case study it is considered to verify the safety condition in a construction-site temporary electric installations in the NR 18 - Conditions and Environment of Work in Construction Industry regulations.
Expressão recombinante da canacistatina em células de inseto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Silva, Mylene de Melo
;
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9301036866854470
Due to the great economic importance of sugarcane crop in Brazil, the occurrence of infections by phytopathogens leading to decreased productivity and quality remains a serious problem. As the plants have natural mechanisms of defense against the attack of fungi and insects, amongst which the inhibitors of proteases are distinguished, the use of these substances in the development of resistant plants or in pesticide production may be an interesting alternative. One of the major classes of protease inhibitors acting against the attack of pathogens is the cystatins, proteins that inhibit cysteine proteases specifically. Canecystatin was the first cysteine protease inhibitor characterized from sugarcane. This gene codes for a ~ 14 kDa protein that contains conserved regions common to the cystatin family. Although the protein has previously been produced in a bacterial system of expression, in this work we use this sugarcane cystatin as a model for the implementation of a heterologous protein expression system in insect cells. This system has some advantages relatively to the prokaryotic system such as the possibility of posttranslational modifications. The recombinant protein was expressed in this system in a soluble form and purified using affinity chromatography in a nickel column, rendering approximately 23 mg/L of pure protein. The activity of the protein was assayed against papain, being capable of inhibiting the activity of this cysteine protease efficiently. Furthermore, the stability of the protein was analyzed in different conditions of pH and temperature. We conclude that the canecystatin is a good model for the implementation of the Baculovirus Expression System at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the UFSCar
Estrutura genética populacional de Brycon hilarii (Characidae) da sub-bacia do Rio Miranda, e seu significado para programas de conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Sanches, Alexandra
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4999886032379825
Brycon hilarii (subfamily Bryconinae, Characidae), popularly known as piraputanga, is a migratory fish species distributed throughout the entire Paraguay River basin and largely appreciated for its meat quality as well as for fishing, besides being the main species of touristic value in the Bonito region (MS, Brazil). Considering the lack of information on the population genetic structure of these fish, the objective of the present study was to analyze, through the use of microsatellite markers, the distribution of the genetic variability in Brycon hilarii collected in different localities of the Miranda River sub-basin (Paraguay basin) in the Bonito region (MS). For such an end, at first a total of seven polymorphic microsatellite loci capable of producing a considerable genetic variation was prospected (among di-, tri- and tetranucleotides), with their also being efficient in the heterologous amplification for five other species of the genus. In the populational analysis of B. hilarii, the different samples presented very similar genetic diversity levels. Through the FST values, gene and genotype differentiation tests and Bayesian analysis, it was possible to verify (1) the existence of at least two genetic populations of Brycon hularii coexisting in the sampled range, despite being a potentially mobile species; and (2) that only the fish from a reproductive stock were genetically differentiated from the other samples, representing a putative population unit. It is possible that in the reproductive season the more genetically homogeneous individuals organize themselves into a population genetic unit or a reproductive stock, aiming the maintenance of their genetic integrity. These results on the genetic structure of B. hilarii constitute tools of extreme importance considering they can aid the understanding of the behavior and biology of these fish, contributing to fish management and species conservation programs.
Assimilação de carbono e fluorescência da clorofila do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) sob condições contrastantes de irradiância, temperatura e disponibilidade de CO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Ronquim, Júlio Cesar
;
Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326794061371522
Leaf gas exchange and potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II of Coffea arabica L. cultivars Catuaí Vermelho, Icatu Amarelo and Obatã were evaluated under field conditions on clear and cloudy days in the wet season. Additionally, were compared seasonal photosynthetic responses in wet and dry periods of year to irradiance, temperature and water stress of C. arabica cv. Obatã non-grafted or grafted on to C. canephora Pierre. Finally, in laboratory conditions were evaluated CO2 assimilation and electron flow through photosystems II and I, in young plants of C. arabica cvs. Catuaí Vermelho, Obatã and Ouro Verde exposed to different thermal treatments during 14 h, under regular and saturated carbon concentration. The results provided evidence that in clear day occur the midday depression of leaf gas exchange and potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, due to the greater atmospheric vapor pressure deficit, causing a strong decrease (about 70%) in daily carbon gain. On a cloudy day, the daily carbon gain was barely limited by irradiance below light saturation point. During dry period, the grafted plants showed accentuated higher net photosynthesis when compared with the non-grafted plants, what demonstrated lower susceptibility to water stress and the favorable effects of grafting on yearly carbon gain. The results suggest that maintaining greater stomatal conductance and transpiration rates during dry period is more important for carbon balance than the efficient use of water. The optimal temperature for maximum net photosynthesis measured at 355 ppm CO2 was from 17-23 °C. The difference in optimal temperature range of maximum net photosynthesis when compared to maximum electron transport rate through photosystem II (26-29 °C) showing an imbalance between photochemistry and biochemistry phases of photosynthesis, resulting in electron excess. Elevated CO2 concentration did not affect the response of net carbon assimilation to temperature, despite the variation in optimal range between 23-29 °C for Catuaí Vermelho. At temperature of above 29 °C were measured the higher mesophyll limitations to photosynthesis, which was greater than stomatal limitations. Photosynthetic process of C. arabica is strongly inhibited at leaf temperature about 32 °C.
Implicações da organização da produção e do trabalho na atividade dos montadores de montagem estrutural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Secchin, Vanessa Maria de Souza
;
Menegon, Nilton Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
The Ergonomic Analysis of Work (AET), based on the Analysis of the Activity, was used to understand (a) what is exactly an assembler of structural assembly and (b) how those professionals articulate regulation mechanisms in order to guarantee their health as well as productivity. The first inquiry is answered by the Integrator Model of the Work Activity, evidencing the craft character of the work of the assemblers of structural assembly. The second inquiry, searched through the Regulation Model, shows that the assemblers add to the activity through operative means the determinant resultant from the quality patterns and the product reliability, of the production temporary goals, of the available resources and its internal state, with prominence to the anticipation and postponement mechanisms. The complexity revealed by the analysis and the comparison of the perspective of the activity with other current rationalities produces new understandings concerning the activity of the assembler of structural assembly. The tensions lie on the activity levels, of the mechanism of coordination and of the way as the results of the production are valued enabling this way that organizational procedures and technical mechanism are created to contribute to reduce the work load and to increase operational switching and the assembler posture at his work spot.
Relações entre preferências térmicas humanas no interior de edificações e as temperaturas externas: um estudo sobre o método adotado na norma AHSRAE 55-2004
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Gomes, Adriana Dias
;
Roriz, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6355579765506588
Thermal comfort is specifically related to thermal behavior in response to both indoor and outdoor air temperature. Human thermal acceptability to climate changes and its effects depend on several aspects. It relies not only on local climatic conditions, but also on personal traits which can interfere seriously with thermal preferences as well as with someone s mental and physical performance. The combination of these factors determines the human thermal acceptability and the satisfaction degree in relation to a specific environment. The more those conditions vary, the higher the percentage of dissatisfied people with an environment is, due to personal requirements of each person. Thus, meeting those expectations of thermal comfort, considering people s needs and limitations, has been an important subject of studies in this field highlighting its importance when planning, designing, and constructing a building. Therefore, human thermal preferences and thermal sensations to hot and cold environments are essential information to various activity sectors because comfort and human performances depend directly on environmental thermal conditions. Since architecture, mainly buildings, is intended for humans, it can be said that it should satisfy its occupants, regarding local climate conditions. In order to have this, it s necessary to determine the comfort temperatures in which people develop better their work activities, optimizing their mental, physical, and intellectual well being. This research consists of a theoretical analytical study of the international large database, compiled by ASHRAE (1997), combining climate conditions with human thermal preferences and sensations. The methodology used by Richard De Dear (1997) in the RP-884 ASHRAE s project was the probit procedure using SAS software, release 8 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA, 1999) to the optimum temperatures obtained, and linear regression to the acceptable comfort limits of the population studied. The comfort limits obtained demonstrate the ratio between occupants comfort temperature and the outdoor temperature, featuring fluctuations of 80% to 90% of thermal acceptability in well-ventilated buildings. The aim of this study is to interpret the method adopted by Richard De Dear (1997) and apply it to the data resulting from the large ASHRAE (2004) Database to understand how the comfort temperatures (optimum temperatures) and the thermal acceptability were obtained for a group of people under predetermined indoor thermal conditions in well- ventilated buildings. The Probit analysis indicates the optimum temperature is 25ºC approximated, exactly 0,5 probability responses, that is, 50% interviewees. In the face the obtained results, it s succeeded the Probit analysis applicability has a great efficacy method to binary variable probability study and determination, which points out two interesting situations to research
Esponjas (Porifera, Demospongiae) indicadoras ambientais na APA Meandros do Rio Araguaia, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-09)
Batista, Twiggy Cristina Alves
;
Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7913740523066322
A first survey for freshwater sponges was carried out at the protected Amazonian area of Meandros do Rio Araguaia , at the Brazilian states of Tocantins, Mato Grosso and Goiás. The survey aimed to sample the largest number of different freshwater habitats from this Amazonian clear waters area. It was carried out at different GPS registered sampling stations, during high and low water periods. Water and sediments were also sampled at the same time aiming to relate sponge occurrences with the measured habitat parameters. For that purpose, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis were carried out over 12 habitat variables. The taxonomic analysis yielded the detection of the occurrence in this area of 21 freshwater sponge species, with the description of Heteromeyenia cristalina n. sp and the revision of the genus Heteromeyenia Potts, 1881, for South America. Heteromeyenia cristalina, Trochospongilla gregaria, T. paulula, T. minuta, T. lanzamirandai, T. delicata, T. variabilis, T. pennsylvanica, Radiospongilla amazonensis, Saturnospongilla carvalhoi, Acalle recurvata and Drulia browni indicated the seasonally flooded ponds and forest, Spongilla spoliata, Trochospongilla repens, Oncosclera navicella, O. spinifera and Drulia ctenosclera, indicated the rocky bottoms dwellers, Corvospongilla seckti and Oncosclera navicella were common to both habitats. Dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and organic matter were the variables which indicated species higher richness at the different habitats. The high water variables appeared as the most important ones, since they favor sponges distribution and production in this area.
A Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP (1948 - 1975)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-12)
Araújo, Marcelo José
;
Nosella, Paolo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2567470400482142
This work carries through a historical survey of the creation process, installation and development of the Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP) in the period from 1948 the 1975. Part of its ampler historical context until the its more specific approach, that is, to its constituent characteristics, elements and, over all, to its social meaning. The text initiates approaching the historical antecedents of the medicine in Brazil in the end of century XIX and the beginning of the XX, giving has detached to the controls of the endemic diseases and its protagonists, the creation of the Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo and the necessity of installation of a College of Medicine in the interior of the state of São Paulo. After that, it approaches the circumstances of the creation, installation and of the developing of the FMRP, detaching the didactic structure of the course, the faculty, the student body, the employees, the first university entrance examination, your discipline them and the departments, the developed research, the Hospital of the Clinics etc. These circumstances meet inserted in the First Part of the work. In the Second Part, in turn, are characterized and analyzed some considered problems important to help to better understand the relation between the FMRP and the society that produced it and it molded it. Beginning all this historical survey, the Theoretical Reference whose estimated beddings and had given support to the research; after all, as well as a teacher conducts an orchestra searching harmony between its integrant ones, the theoretical reference served as guide maker for the success of the set.