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Mecanismos gabaérgicos e opióides do núcleo parabraquial lateral envolvidos no controle da ingestão de sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-15)
Oliveira, Lisandra Brandino de
;
Menani, José Vanderlei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1023597870118105
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) is a pontine structure located in the dorsal portion of the cerebelar superior peduncle. LPBN receives afferent projections from the area postrema (AP) and the medial portion of the nucleus of tractus solitarius (mNTS) and connects to prosencephalic areas related to hidroelectrolytic control, such as specific nuclei of the hypothalamus and amygdala. So, an important role of the LPBN could be integrating ascending information from AP and mNTS that could affect the activity of prosencephalic areas involved in the hidroelectrolytic control. Previous studies showed the presence of serotonergic, cholecystokininergic and α2-adrenergic mechanisms in the LPBN to control water and sodium intake. The γ-aminobutiric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter present in the whole central nervous system and binding to two subtypes of receptors: GABAA and GABAB receptors. Previously, it was shown the participation of gabaergic mechanisms to control water, sodium and food intake. Gabaergic activation into the LPBN using bilateral injections of muscimol (GABAA receptor agonist) and baclofen (GABAB receptor agonist) induced a strong ingestion of sodium chloride (NaCl 0.3 M) in a short period of time (3 h) in satiated and normovolemic rats. Besides the presence of gabaergic mechanisms into the LPBN, it was already shown the presence of opioid receptors into the LPBN and the involvement of opioid mechanisms in the control of ingestive behavior. Therefore, the goals of this thesis were: a) to investigate the participation of GABAA and GABAB receptors on NaCl and water intake induced by gabaergic activation in the LPBN in satiated and sodium depleted rats; b) to study the effects of gabaergic activation into the LPBN on c-fos protein expression in satiated and sodium depleted rats, with or without access to NaCl 0.3 M; c) to test if acute lesion of the commissural NTS (cNTS area with the greatest c-fos protein expression in satiated rats not allowed to drink sodium or water and treated with muscimol and baclofen into the LPBN) and anteroventral 3o ventricle region (AV3V an important area involved in the hidroelectrolytic control) could affect the natriorexigenic and water intake induced by gabaergic activation into the LPBN in satiated rats; Abstract d) to study the effects of inhibition of α2-adrenergic and opioid mechanisms and activation of serotonergic mechanisms into the LPBN on NaCl and water intakeinduced by gabaergic activation in the same area in satiated rats; e) to investigate the participation of opioid mechanisms in the LPBN on sodium and water intake in satiated and sodium depleted rats; f) to verify the effects of gabaergic activation in the LPBN on arterial pressure and urinary excretion. Male Holtzman or Sprague Dawley rats with bilateral stainless steel guidecannulas implanted into the LPBN (volume of injection: 0.2 µl) were used. Other groups of rats, besides the cannulas implanted into the LPBN, they were also submitted to electrolytic lesion in the cNTS or AV3V region. In satiated rats, bilateral injections of muscimol (0.5 nmol) and baclofen (0.5 nmol) into the LPBN induced 0.3 M NaCl intake followed by an increase in water intake. The effects on sodium and water intake produced by muscimol injected into the LPBN were reduced by previous treatment with bicuculline (GABAA receptor antagonist - 1.6 nmol), but not CGP 35348 (GABAB receptor antagonist - 50 nmol). Pre treatment with bicuculline or CGP 35348 into the LPBN abolished the effects of baclofen on sodium and water intake. In 24 h sodium depleted rats (treatment with sc furosemide + sodium deficient diet and water for 24 h), muscimol and baclofen bilaterally injected into the LPBN, produced an early inhibition and a late facilitation of 0.3 M NaCl. Bicuculline, but not CGP 35348, abolished the inhibitory and facilitatory effects of muscimol injected into LPBN on sodium intake. In relation to sodium depleted rats treated with baclofen into the LPBN, CGP 35348 abolished the inhibitory effect, while bicuculline abolished the facilitatory effect of baclofen on sodium intake. These results suggest that the natriorexigenic effect in satiated rats and the dual effects on sodium intake in sodium depleted rats produced by muscimol injected into the LPBN depend on GABAA receptors activation. In relation to baclofen, in satiated rats the natriorexigenic effect of baclofen depends on activation of GABAA and GABAB receptors, but in sodium depleted rats, the early inhibition of sodium intake depends on GABAB receptors activation while the late facilitation depends on activation of GABAA receptors. Interestingly, although gabaergic activation promotes a facilitation of sodium intake, maybe there is not tonic gabaergic participation on sodium depletion-induced sodium intake, since inhibition of GABAA (bicuculline) and GABAB (CGP 35348) Abstract receptors into the LPBN did not affect 0.3 M NaCl and water intake in sodium depleted rats. Otherwise, in rats trained to drink 0.3 M NaCl only 2 h per day, CGP 35348, but not bicuculline, injected into the LPBN reduced 0.3 M NaCl, suggesting a tonic participation of GABAB, but not GABAA, receptors on sodium intake control in the protocol studied. (...)
Transição de fase quântica e modelos de spins frustrados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-15)
Azevedo, José Roberto Viana
;
Sousa, José Ricardo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3871066069541626
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7115884585420145
In this thesis, we will study the quantum phase transition of frustrated quantum spin models: (i) van Hemmen model ( S = 1) with transverse and anisotropic biaxial field (ii) Heisenberg model (S = 1/2 ) with competitive interaction first and second nearest neighbours (J1-J2 model) (iii) Ising model with transverse field and first magnetic model is studied to simulate the spin glass properties in real systems like the magnetic susceptibility cusp. We use the bimodal and gaussian probability distribution for random interactions. Applying the first-order approximation to decouple the products of exponential of operators, we calculate free energy and order parameter. Both, the transverse field and anisotropic transverse field destroy the spin glass order. In the second model, we use the effective field theory with differential operator technique and effective field renormalization group (EFRG) formalism. The phase diagrams are determined where are observe ferromagnetic (F), antiferromagnetic (AF) and superantiferromagnetic (SAF) states. In case of Heisenberg model in a square lattice at T=0, we have a quantum paramagnetic state that has been considered as a spin-liquid (SL) state in literature. For a simple cubic lattice, this spin-liquid state has not been observed. Which shows that the dimension of the system has influences on the quantum fluctuation at T=0. In the phase diagrams are the presence of first and second order phase transitions. Finally, are consider the critical behavior of the frustrated quantum Ising model and at T=0 we have the states with energy gap proportional to the transverse field intensity. Depending in the frustration parameter the system also shows first and second order transitions.
Espectroscopia mecânica em tântalo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-15)
Barbosa, Geovani Ferreira
;
Florêncio, Odila
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9659972316642270
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3908046295004341
The mechanical spectroscopy technique applied to diffusion studies in body-centered cubic (BCC) metals, such as tantalum. Transition metals, as the tantalum, that has a crystalline structure (BCC), can dissolve large amounts of heavy interstitial solutes, oxygen being an example. In the case of low concentrations, a direct linear relation exists between the maximum height of peaks of internal friction (Q¡1 max) and the concentration of present interstitial solid solution. However, when it is have high concentration of these interstitial elements, an anti-symmetrical broadening of the peak of anelastic relaxation is observed due to the multiple relaxation processes followed by a variation of the temperature which characterizes the metallic matrix-element interstitial interaction. In the present work was observed that the peaks of internal friction which had the Ta-O interaction were not steady and could be occurring the formation of precipitated during the temperature heating cycle. To prove this hypothesis, a large amount of measures were done in different frequencies with a sample of tantalum produced by Escola de Engenharia Química-USP/Lorena. The experimental specters of mechanical relaxation were obtained using the inverted torsional pendulum-type Ke, having an oscillation frequency in the range of 2Hz- 8Hz, temperature heating 300K-700K, with a rate of heating of 1K/min, in better vacuum of 2x10¡6 Torr. These experimental specters Debye elementary peaks through the computational method of successive subtractions making it possible to identify and calculate the mechanical relaxation processes and its parameters (type of interactions, strength of the internal friction peak, temperature of peak, energy of activation and time relaxation). Finally, the following complementary analysis were also used to: X-ray diffraction measures, analysis of the oxygen concentration, metallographic analysis using optical and scanning electronic microscope, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).
Determinação do coeficiente cromatográfico de partição, log kw, de inibidores da bomba H+/K+ - ATPase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-15)
Coimbra, Mariana
;
Cass, Quezia Bezerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1050327507049816
The relative retention and enantioselectivity of a homologue series constituted by five benzimidazoles, K+/H+ - ATPase pump inhibitors, was determined for three amylose tris-phenylcarbamate chiral stationary phases (CSP), under reverse and normal phase modes of elution, using ethanol as a organic modifier. It was verified similar retention profiles for the benzimidazoles homologue series on the three evaluated chiral phases, under reversed mode of elution. The switch between reversed to polar organic mode of elution, under same conditions of reversed mode, and even with a percentage of water, in the mobile phase, around 15% it is clearly observed and discussed. Also, the benzimidazoles series retention profiles on three chiral columns were similar when in the normal elution mode. However, a switch from normal to polar organic mode is slow, indicating that retention/separation mechanisms, that operate in both elution modes, are very comparable. The discrimination chiral capacity of these stationary phases was differentiated when ethanol was used as organic modifier on three elution modes. The amylose tris (3,5 dimethylphenylcarbamate) phase (CSP-2) showed high resolution (Rs) power (0.90 ¡Ü Rs ¡Ü 3.46 and 1.25 ¡Ü á ¡Ü 2.24) for omeprazole enantiomers on the three elution modes. The amylose tris [(S)-phenyethyllcarbamate) phase (CSP-3), in turn, display resolution capacity for all series of homologous enantiomers in normal mode of elution. Herein, it was established for first time a relation between normal and reversed elution mode through the isoelution point determination. Under the same percentage of ethanol, in normal mode, and water in reversed mode, the retentions are similar, when polysaccharides phases are used as chiral selectors. The enantiomeric separations of enantiomers series were carried out in multimilligram scale, and the determination of its elution order was evaluated in the three elution modes. The omeprazole enantiomers separation was performed in multimilligram scale, as a model, using the solid-phase injection technique. The results were compared with those obtained from the separation by means of classical volume injection of sample. These results are presented and discussed.
Nanopartículas de Pt suportadas em Al2O3 e CeO2-Al2O3: síntese, caracterização e propriedades catalíticas para reforma do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-16)
Prieto, Paulo Juliano dos Santos
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7186588387858943
A new method to prepare Pt nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed on Al2O3 and CeO2-Al2O3 is described in this work. The Pt-NPs were used to prepare CeO2-Al2O3-supported Pt nanocatalysts (Pt-NPs/Al2O3 and Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3). The catalysts were characterized by BET surface area (SBET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reaction of dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to measure Pt dispersion and transmission electronic microscopy (MET). The Pt-NPs were obtained from solution of [PtCl6]2-, poly(Nvinyl- 2-pyrolidone) (PVP) and methanol. The Al2O3 and CeO2-Al2O3 supports were obtained by sol-gel methods. The Pt-NPs/Al2O3 and Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts were obtained by addition of Pt-NPs sol during sol-gel synthesis Al2O3 and CeO2-Al2O3. TEM analysis show that the synthesis of the Pt-NPs resulted in particles with average size of 3.2 nm and the results of TEM of the catalysts indicate that Pt particles, finely dispersed on the support occupying probably the interior of the pores of the support. The comparison between FTIR-CO results of Pt-NPs/Al2O3 and Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts indicated that the particles in the different catalysts show the same electronic density superficial and that there is a geometric modification on the surface of the particles of the Pt- NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst provoked by presence of CeOx on the surface of particles. The nanocatalysts Pt-NPs/Al2O3 and Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 exhibited a high catalytic activity and stability for the steam reforming of methane and for the partial oxidation of methane. The CH4 turnover rate of Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts for the steam reforming of methane is around two orders of magnitude higher compared to that of Pt-NPs/Al2O3 catalyst. The high activity for Ce-contaning catalysts is assigned to higher accessibility of the Pt sites to CH4. The high stability of Pt-NPs/Al2O3 and Pt-NPs/CeO2-Al2O3 nanocatalysts in partial oxidation of methane is assigned to the high contact metal-support, which can be caused by preparation method that improves the accessibility of methane to Pt sites.
Nanopartículas de Co suportadas em SiO2: síntese, caracterização e propriedades catalíticas para a reforma a vapor do etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-16)
Ribeiro, Renata Uema
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202692096525582
Colloidal Co Nanoparticles (Co-NPs) were used to prepare supported Co catalysts. The Co- NPs were obtained by thermal decomposition of the precursor Co2(CO)8 in the presence of oleic acid and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), in an inert atmosphere (Ar). The Co- NPs/SiO2 were obtained by impregnation of a colloidal suspension of nanoparticles on the support no-porous SiO2. The effect of the solvent (ethanol and methanol) used in the step of precipitation of the particles, and by tuning the oleic acid/precursor ratio in the catalytic properties for the steam reforming of ethanol were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by Specific Superficial Area (SBET) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of the CO adsorbed (FTIR-CO). By tuning the oleic acid/precursor ratio it was possible to obtain particles sizes in the 2 and 17nm range. The results of FTIR-CO showed that the samples present the band of CO lineally adsorbed in the same position independent of the synthesis conditions, suggesting similar electronic density of the sites of Co. The results of adsorption of H2 and CO suggest that the fraction of acessible sites of Co so much to H2, as to CO, depends on the particles sizes and the residual oleic acid . Then with the increase of the particles sizes, there is a maximum of accessible sites of Co. For the same particle size, it is obtained an increase of the number of accessible sites of Co, using methanol as solvent for precipitation, suggesting smaller recovering. The catalysts prepared with Co-NPs present profiles of similar catalytic activity for the steam reforming of ethanol. Starting from reaction data a mechanism was proposed: in low temperatures, the molecule of ethanol adsorbs in the catalyst surface and it suffers dehydrogenation producing acetaldehyde. The increase of the temperature favors the formation of species CH4 and CO, suggesting the crack of the C-C bond of acetaldehyde for the formation of these products. The activity for the reforming reactions on the Co-NPs/SiO2 begins in approximately 350ºC, suggesting that the activation of the water occurs in this temperature. Therefore it is suggested the oxidation of adsorbed species CHx and CO for the formation of the products CO e CO2, respectively, occurred in temperatures above 350ºC. The catalytic activity depends on the fraction of accessible sites of Co. The reactions results demonstrate that the catalysts prepared with methanol presented higher catalytic activity for the reforming reaction, possibly due to the presence of a larger number of accessible sites of Co.
Content-based Instruction para professores pré-serviço: uma análise da problemática do processo de avaliação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-16)
Donadio, Luis Felipe Pereira dos Santos
;
Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1226583051013296
There are many foreign language teacher Education courses in Brazil which try to teach the pre-service teachers some language apart from theory studies and the practice needed to the professional development of these future teachers. We have seen that the theory and the classroom practice are almost always placed at the end of the courses in just some semesters. The language and literature course analyzed in this research tries to break with this tradition by using a different methodology which integrates aspects concerning theory studies and classroom practice through language studies (more specifically English). When adopting an innovative methodology to the Brazilian teacher education context, the course we propose to analyze brings many possibilities for research attempting to clarify the results in the usage of this methodology. Among other possibilities, this work focuses the students assessment. Through our personal experience in dealing with this course - since the researcher is a former English teacher of the course in study - we could notice a lot of questioning relating to the students assessment process. During the development of many competences in the course, we found some dilemmas in order to find assessment instruments and procedures which could serve to the integration proposed by the course. As a result, we invited three former teachers from the course to take part in this work in order to investigate how these teachers understood the methodology used in the course and how they performed the assessment process with their students. We have come to the conclusion that the assessment process is done intuitively and there is the need of developing a more appropriate assessment process for this context. We also try to define and characterize the methodology used in the course based on what has been developed in terms of learning-teaching theory.
Cinética do consumo de oxigênio no domínio severo: comparação entre homens e mulheres saudáveis e sedentários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-16)
Azevedo, Paulo Henrique Silva Marques de
;
Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6559911217770194
The objective of the present study was to analyse and compare the kinetics of oxygen consumption between groups during running in severe domain. Eighteen healthy and sedentary participants were separated by sex, nine men and women (25,20 ± 2,60 years; 22,10 ± 1,80 years and, 77,30 ± 12,30 kg; 58,60 ± 9,60 kg, respectively). An incremental test was realized at treadmill to determine the associated speed to VO2max (vVO2max) and running to exhaustion (Tlim) at vVO2max to determine the VO2 kinetics, with data expressed by average and standard desviation. The VO2max (3,29 ± 0,62 vs 1,90 ± 0,39 L/min) (p≤0,0001); vVO2max (14 ± 2 vs 10 (3) km.h-1) (p<0,0108); amplitude (3 ± 0,70 vs 1,80 ± 0,40 L/min) (p<0,0003) was significantly increased to men. There was not detected a statistic difference between men and women to the constant time [35,80 (22,30) s vs 36,50 (6,60) s] (p<0,2973); Tlim [271 (118) s vs 261 (73) s] (p<0,6849); Target time to achieve VO2max [142,30 (84,50) s vs 175,80 (24,60) s] (p<0,2973); %Tlim to TAVO2max [43,70 (24,40) vs 72,50 (17,70)] (p<0,1903); time maintained at VO2max (TMVO2max) [145,10 (72,50) s vs 64,20 (65,30) s] (p<0,1359), expressed values by median and interquartil amplitude. We conclude that the VO2 kinetics is similar between young and sedentary men and women, despite the biggest VO2 value demonstrated by men. The prescription value to the aerobic intervalled training do not have make off the proposed by literature for medium and high performance athletes.
Mapeamento de QTL para resistência a parasitas e características de crescimento nos cromossomos cinco e sete de uma população experimental F2 de bovinos Gir x Holandês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-17)
Gasparin, Gustavo
;
Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0281974249236526
The large amount of phenotypic variability between Bos primigenius taurus and Bos primigenius indicus cattle, which had diverged hundreds of thousands of years ago and since then have been explored by men through artificial selection of the breeds to milk and meat production, allows the development of crossbreeds, since there is no reproductive isolation between these subspecies. It is known that part of the described differences for productive and parasite resistance traits among the breeds is under genetic control, and that is possible to distinguish genetically superior individuals from the others of the population with the combined use of molecular genetics and traditional livestock production programs. Since in Brazil the economy is largely influenced by agribusiness, once bovine meat exportation alone generated US$2.5 bilion in 2004, the search and identification of chromosomic regions that control al least part of the variation of these quantitative economic traits (QTL, Quantitative Trait Loci), like birth weight and weight gain, and also regions that influence resistance to parasites, is of great concern. The objective of the present study was to map QTLs for growth traits and resistance to gastrointestinal endoparasites and external parasites, like the tick (Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus) and the beef worm (Dermatobia hominis) using microsatellite markers to scan bovine chromosomes five and seven in a F2 Gir x Holstein experimental population. On chromosome five, a significant (P < 0.01) QTL for birth weight and one suggestive (P < 0.05) for resistance to tick count during the rainy season were detected. On chromosome seven, it was identified an indicative QTL (P < 0.10) for tick count in the dry season. In both cases, a significant dominance deviation was observed, suggesting that part of the genetic variation must be atributed to allele combinations. The favorable allele for resistance in chromosome five was from the Gir parental and on chromosome seven, from Holstein, which is a surprising result, since the zebu breeds were traditionally considered as the solely source of tick resistance. No QTL was associated to resistance to endoparasites or to the beef worm. The application of these informations still demands the reduction of confidence intervals for the QTLs locations and validation in other populations.
Estabelecimento de uma cana-de-açúcar transgênica superexpressando o gene da canacistatina (CaneCPI-1), uma proteína inibidora de cisteíno-protease
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-19)
Ribeiro, Carolina Werner
;
Silva, Flávio Henrique da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2037670320882204
Sugarcane is a plant of great economical importance, mainly in Brazil, which is currently the largest producer of this crop in the world. However, sugarcane farming has suffered attacks from pests and pathogens, leading to considerable economical losses. Therefore, a number of studies have focused on the development of more resistant sugarcane varieties. Our laboratory has been working on a sugarcane protein (CaneCPI- 1), which is a cystein-protease inhibitor protein. Based on studies that indicate that insects belonging to the order Coleoptera possess cystein-proteases in their mid-gut and with the knowledge that some species of Coleoptera are sugarcane pests, a transgenic sugarcane plant overexpressing the CaneCPI-1 gene was developed under the control of maize ubiquitin promoter. CaneCPI-1 was fused to a His-tag to facilitate further purification through affinity chromatography. The calli transformation was performed through biobalistics. The transformed plants were then selected by polymerase chain reaction. Positive plants were further selected by Semi-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. A transformed plant expressing a His-tagged CaneCPI-1 was selected for purification of the recombinant protein in a nickel column, enabling purification of HISCaneCPI-1 from plant leaves in a single step. The yield was about 6mg of pure protein per kilogram of sugarcane leaves. The HISCaneCPI-1 purified from the transformed sugarcane demonstrated inhibitory activity on the human cysteine protease cathepsin L. These studies demonstrate that the sugarcane can be a safe and viable expression system for recombinant protein production, and are the first step in the establishment of a sugarcane plant that is more resistant to pathogens.
Os sistemas completos de desigualdades propostos por Santaló
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-20)
Santos, Bruno Mendonça Rey dos
;
Villagra, Guillermo Antonio Lobos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962956853017869
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0482550420604550
In 1961, Santaló[21] suggested that, considering the family of the convex bodies in R2, it was found a complete system of inequalities for each pair and each triple of the functions area, perimeter, diameter, inradius, circunradius and minimal width. In this work, we applied the technique developed by Blaschke[2] to solve all problems suggested by Santaló, those are solved until now.
Avaliação eletroquímica de juntas soldadas por fricção radial de aços inoxidáveis supermartensíticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-23)
Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
;
Kuri, Sebastião Elias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6842072916153866
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
Supermartensitic stainless steels are used in the oil and gas industry to the construction of line pipes which require welding operations. This process affects the corrosion resistance of the welded joint. Recently, new and advanced welding processes are being applied in the transversal joining of tubings. In this sense, welding processes as the Radial Friction which is characterized by a solid state process deserve special consideration. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the corrosion resistance in a welded joint of supermartensitic stainless steel by radial friction welding RFW, comprehending distinct regions as the base metal (BM), consumable ring (CR), and heat-affected zone/thermo-mechanically affected zone (HAZ/TMAZ). The corrosion resistance in terms of electrochemical behavior was studied by anodic polarization measurements in sulphuric acid solution. It was observed that the passive current density and the critical current density of the HAZ/TMAZ and CR diminished in comparison with that of the BM. The corrosion rate which was measured by the linear polarization method, in acid solutions, showed the same behaviour as in the anodic polarization. The susceptibility to intergranular corrosion was evaluated by means of the electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation tests in the double loop version (DL-EPR). The degree of sensitization was calculated by determining the ratio of the reactivation current density to that of the activation current density, Ir/Ia. It was observed that the degree of sensitization of the HAZ/TMAZ and CR diminished in comparison with that of the BM. The localized corrosion resistance was evaluated by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization curves, measured in 3,5 % NaCl solution. The susceptibility to localized corrosion was analyzed by the determination of the pitting potential. It was possible to observe that the pitting potential of the HAZ/TMAZ and CR increased in comparison with that of the BM. The thermo mechanical cycles associated with the radial friction welding process significantly altered the microstructure of the HAZ/TMAZ and AC which improved the corrosion resistance of these regions, in comparison with the quenched and tempered BM.
Zoneamento ecológico-econômico e biodiversidade: contribuição metodológica. Estudo na Bacia e Delta do Rio Parnaíba-Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-23)
Matteo, Katia Castro de
;
Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
The theme of this current subject concerns the relation between Ecological-Economical Zoning (EEZ) and the biodiversity s protection. For so, an incursion is necessary concerning this important territorial planning tool, with the presentation of its backgrounds, current situation, methodological evolution, main projects already made in the country, with analyses of its biotical aspects data and main products. The research proposes a methodological contribution to the Ecological-Economical Zoning, through the insertion of the biodiversity parameter in two levels of execution: a more strategic level, the Macrozoning, and a more operational vision, the EEZ on local and state scale. The case studied embodies the Parnaíba River Watershed, detailed of the EEZ from the region of Parnaíba River Delta, localized on the states of Piauí, Ceará and Maranhão. The main objective of this study consists in contributing with the Ecological-Economical Zoning methodology in relation with the biotical aspects, improving the insertion of biodiversity on the operational processes. For so, it was opted to get and analyze concerning the biotical environment, as many zoning projects ever made in Brazil as possible, on a 1:250.000 scale or bigger, besides presenting insertion alternatives of the biodiversity theme on different information treating scales, guaranteeing that the biodiversity conservation gets considered on an effective way on the operational procedures of zoning, proposing its thematically integration and supported use of the natural resources. The execution of the work was based mainly on the use of geoprocessing tools, through the reunion of data and information on Geographical Information Systems, using Spring software and ArcGis, with divulgation of the Geographical Data Bank constructed from the secondary data given by the Sustained Development Political Secretary from the Environment Ministry (SDS/MMA) e specific processes made on this study.
Discursos do e sobre o futebol brasileiro : o poder midiático na regulação das identidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-23)
Pecenin, Marcelo Fila
;
Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4713934751836661
Studies affirm that soccer is one of the greatest symbols of Brazilian national identity. That s why it was and it is taken as an object in several studies inscribed at Human Sciences. Yet soccer has not been adequately studied by linguists. Taking that conjecture into consideration, besides trying to promote the approximation between soccer and Linguistics studies, the main goal of this research is appraising how the soccer chronicle discourse exerts a regulating power over the discursive construction of Brazilian soccer identity and Brazilian national identity during 1994 and 1998 World Cups. In order to do so, we discursively analyze, based upon the theoretical-methodological apparatus of French-school Discourse Analysis, notoriously represented by Michel Pêcheux and Michel Foucault, one archive of soccer chronicles published in the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo in the time of the Cups mentioned above. In order to compose the theoretical foundation that supports this research, we applied some French DA main categories such as, discursive formation, discursive process and discursive memory , the concepts of power, knowledge, subjectivity, archive and occurrence all of them discussed by Foucault (1986, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2000) , the theoretical reflections about the concept of identity produced inside Sociology and Anthropology by Boaventura de Sousa-Santos (2001), Suely Rolnik (2000) and Stuart Hall (2001), and also the notion-concept of thematic stretch, proposed by Jacques Guilhaumou and Denise Maldidier (1994). From the reading sustained by the concept of thematic stretch, we verify, in the chronicles, how the nominal groups Brasil (Brazil), seleção brasileira (Brazilian national squad), futebol brasileiro (Brazilian soccer) were fulfilled in a way to build up, in and by Folha soccer chronicle discourse, one national identity for Brazilian soccer and for Brazil.
Existência de variedade invariante e atrator para a equação ut = uxx + f(u)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-26)
Teles, Ricardo de Sá
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Carbone, Vera Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8281633043632854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1110287669710188
In this work we study the differential equation ut = uxx+ f (u); 0 6 x 6 1; t > 0 with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions and f 2C1(R;R) lipschitz and bounded globally and satisfying the following conditions: (i)limsup juj!¥ f (u)u¡1 6 0 (ii) f (0) = 0: We study the existence of the invariant manifold exponentially attractor decomposing the espace L2(0;1) such that the equation can be rewritten as the weakly coupled system. We use the gradient systems theory to show that the equation has a global attractor.
As novas ações coletivas frente à crise do modelo sindical corporativista: sindicalismo cidadão e fusão de sindicatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-28)
Melo, João Alfredo Costa de Campos
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0629454650685817
This study intend to tematizar the application of new class actions, having as focus the mining unionism, represented for the Union of the Eletricitários of Minas Gerais (Sindieletro). Here two collective actions intitled unionism had been analyzed citizen and fusing of unions. Faced as accomplishments of unionism CUT, the union citizen and the fusing of unions are enrolled as class actions in search of conquests, under a more optimistical perspective, of spaces of performance and social integration, or attempt of maintenance, for a more pessimistic optics, of the old profits. The creation of other forms of collective action, diverse of the traditional ones, made possible the construction of a unionism that started to search with frequency the participation in institutional spaces until then little usual, the diversification of the in such a way national agenda as internationally. The search for partnerships with other social movements and organizations, allowed the Unions, between them the Sindieletro, the unification of regionais/locais politics through programs of work generation and income, offers of courses of professional qualification and cultural formation, support to other movements you beat and cooperatives. The fusing of unions is based as another modality of class action. In contrast of the practical citizens, the fusing reveals to more radical and modifies proposals of all the administrative structure of the involved entities in the process. The fusing of the Sindieletro with the Sindelt, was perhaps, one of the examples most succeeded of job of this class action in Brazil. However it still continues being ripened day the day. The creation/introduction of new modalities of class action for the cutista unionism, as presented for the Sindieletro, in such a way needs to be tematizado and to be understood by studious syndical and the proper actors, a time that comes if placing with the center of the changes practicaldiscursive of the CUT and its associates.
Interferência de fatores bióticos e abióticos na propagação e conservação de Casearia sylvestris Swartz (Salicaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-28)
Imatomi, Maristela
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Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8057538383851680
C. sylvestris presents great economic and social importance, being used as phytotherapic. The objective of first chapter was to supply informations on the reproductive phenophase, morphology and seed germination of C. sylvestris, and verify the existence of variability of the germinative behavior according to seed origin. Seeds from two places: Itirapina-SP and Londrina-PR, with 14,5% and 22,86% of moisture contente, respectively, had been germinated, in the absence of light at constant temperatures of 27, 30 and 33 ºC and under fotoperíodo of 12 h and alternating temperature of 20-30 ºC. The effect of growth regulators was verified with solutions of gibberellic acid (10 and 20 mgL-1) or kinetin (5 and 10 mgL-1). The tetrazólium test showed that 32% of the seeds from SP and 66% from PR were viable. Both lots presented the three-phase standard embibition curve, with differences at emission times of the primary root. In the temperature test the excellent band of germination between 27 and 30 ºC was determined for both lots. The use of growth regulators was not efficient to improving the seed performance. Seedlings emerged from SP had been more vigorous (highest values of mass), however shorter than PR lot. After the storage, SP lot presented reduction in the viability and vigor, but PR lot only vigor was reduced. In the second chapter the this objective of the study was to analyze the population structure and the space distribution of C. sylvestris in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto, to promote the reproduction of this species through vegetative propagation, determine the origin of buds in root cuttings through anatomical studies and to inquire the allelopathic interference from in the roots extracts of this species. The space distribution was random e, after the fire occurrence in the area, changed to aggregate. The XII popualation of clones is growth while plant-mother population was not. In the stem cuttings was observed small persentage when mixture of ANA and AIB in higher concentrations. Was used by the other side, root cuttings presented 70% of production shoots. Through the anatomical comments it was proven that it is a root buds and that probably the buds present endogenous and reparative origin. The extract from roots reduced the speed of germination of lettuce and sesame, but it did not modify the germination percentage.
"Probabilidades negativas" e tomografia de Qubits
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-28)
Silva, Alcenísio José de Jesus
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Mizrahi, Salomon Sylvain
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143137168199991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1883452571239938
In this dissertation we approached the tomography of discrete systems, understood as the representation and the reconstruction of states. For the tomography we used distribution functions of symmetrical pseudo-probabilities. The coefficients of the distribution function of "probabilities" are "joint probabilities", that eventually can be negative, associated to incompatible observables. The "negative probabilities" contains not only information about the measurements of counts, but also on the quantum state of the systems. We present the argument of Scully, Walther and Schleich that uses double slit interference to give a meaning to the "negative probabilities" and we propose one alternative example using beam splitters and an single photon. Like this, moreover we define distribution functions based in generalized quantization axes for any directions, we present the physical interpretation of the resulting "negative probabilities". We showed the reason because all explanation usually done to justify "negative probabilities" seems to be contradictory and are not convincing. Is the interpretation of the "negative probabilities" that retain the heart, not only of the present work, but also, of the whole Quantum Mechanics, its only mystery, as Feynman says
Quantificação de apoptose e necrose mediante corantes fluorescentes e análise de imagens, no cultivo de células de inseto: o caso da Drosophila melanogaster S2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-28)
Silva, Bruna Gabriela
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Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5330234624512448
In animal cell cultures there are two kinds of cell death: apoptosis (programmed cell death) and necrosis (cell death due to external sources). The inovative method of cell death identification that have attracted interest is the use of fluorescence microscopy and fluorescent dye (to bind DNA and RNA). Image analysis techniques has become a useful tool in cell death quantification, once they are non destructive for the culture and have easy application with using adjusted softwares. Based in these new technological trends, the present work considers the development of a methodology for quantification of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in cultures of insect cells Drosophila melanogaster (S2). This methodology involved the development of a experimental procedure using new dyes (YO-PRO-1 and Propidium Iodide), that have presented advantages over the others because they are non destructive to the culture an are able to clearly discriminate between apoptotic and necrotic cell death. The use of this dyes was compared with the method of exclusion of Trypan blue and fluorescent dyes Acridine Orange and Ethidium Bromide. Besides being less toxic to cells S2, YO-PRO-1 and Propidium Iodide showed more sensitivity in the identification of death and in the calculation of cell viability. It also envolved the development of an algorithm based on image analysis techniques for quantification of the two kinds of cell death, less subjective than the manual methods currently used. The algorithm showed to be efficient, fast an of easy application with a error around 2% when compared to manual methodology. The calculated cell concentration by the algorithm was very close to experimental.
Produção ilegal do espaço urbano : estudo de São José do Rio Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-03-29)
Santos, Alessandra Cristina dos
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3082710111572086
Urban occupation in rural areas by settlements without approval is a growing phenomenon in São Paulo State medium-sized cities, and so far, few works have been carried out about these illegal settlements out of large cities. Such theme-based studies are relevant due to the resulting occurrence of high magnitude negative impacts. The present paper deals with the expansion process of illegal settlements both irregular and unauthorized ones , having as a study case the city of São José do Rio Preto. The aim is to study the phenomenon of illegal settlements production in this city, through their identification and qualification, also the search of causal relationship of this production, analyzing the legal situation and the relationship between this production and public policies and the real estate market dynamics and finally identifying and evaluating the resulting socialenvironmental impacts.