Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-08-06"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21747

Formulação de um indicador de acessibilidade das calçadas e travessias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-06)
Keppe Junior, Celso Luiz Guimarães
;
Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0572608906485222
The present dissertation work in Urban Engineering of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) aims to define an easy and practical form of evaluating the level of service in public spaces destined to the carriers of physical deficiency (sidewalks and streets passages) through the determination of an index that considers the parameters of higher importance by the point of view of wheelchair users. The index is defined through the identification and the ordinance of variables based on physical and environment characterization of sidewalks related to aspects of quality such as comfort, security and conditions of the environment. The weighing scale of the variables of physical and environment characterization of sidewalks (importance degree) is carried through analysis based on wheelchair users perception, therefore defining the ISPA - Index of Sidewalks and Passages Accessibility, and verifying its functionality through auditor work also performed with wheelchairs users advice in two places of São Carlos city. Through this tool of evaluation, the agencies of road management can evaluate the quality of the public spaces in a total route or specific stretches of the essential displacements for the real participation of the person with locomotion difficulties in society.
Estudo do processo de cristalização de açúcar : modelagem e estratégias de controle
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-08)
Torres, Rodrigo Coutinho
;
Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
Sugar cane can be considered one of the main crop in the state of São Paulo, both for its contribution to the gross profits of the entire state harvest and the extent of the agricultural land it occupies. Recent figures show that the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry park has 304 active industries, in addition to 40 new ones in implementation phase. The enlargement of that sector and its growing interest in new technologies represent a favorable context in developing and studying processes related with sugar and alcohol production among universities. This study focuses on the main stage in the sugar production process, the crystallization stage, in an attempt to better understand the deficiencies associated to the equipment where such stage is processed, known as crystallizer (or batch vacuum pan). In addition, more effective control strategies are also sought. A dynamic model of an industrial batch crystallizer was designed using the mass balance classical approach. The open-loop dynamic model simulation results were compared to real data taken from the supervisory system and laboratorial analysis, both information got in an industry located in the middle west of São Paulo state, the Usina Barra Grande. The model comprised a non-linear system of differential-algebraic equations. The mass balance that was adopted, in spite using severe hypotheses, generated good predictions for the equipment s state variables. The analysis of the data from the mentioned industry has shown that the operational stability of the equipment is affected by the crystallizer s automatic control routines. Besides the model, a control software was also build, aiming initially closedloop dynamic model simulation and the firsts adjusts in the new control strategies. After that, the control software had its behavior assessed in real operation time, replacing the more problematic controls in the equipment s programmable logical controller. The control software was encoded in VISUAL BASIC and comprised two control modes: a proportional-integral (PI) mode and a fuzzy mode. The crystallization stage was followed up by means of a graphical interface, where the main process informations were visually available. The informations were stored during the crystallization stage and, in the end, were saved in a text file, to guarantee future analysis. The fuzzy algorithm was created on MATLAB and it was compiled in a dynamic linked library format, which allowed its access by the control software. The tests with the control software were developed in two periods of time. The first period tests were made with the proportional-integral control mode and the second period tests were made with the fuzzy control mode. Both control modes generated extremely satisfying results. There were savings in the batch times, a reduction in the oscillation of the manipulated variables and a decrease in the error between the main controlled variable and its setpoint, when the tests results were compared with data from the actual control.
Ferramentas de geoprocessamento para análise da vulnerabilidade natural das águas sub-superficiais à poluição, área urbana e seu entorno, município de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-08)
Yamada, Thiago
;
Gonçalves, Adail Ricardo Leister
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3216914214741188
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7009247930418851
Nearly 97% of all fresh water available to humankind lies beneath the soil, as underground water, which makes scientists increasingly worried about its pollution. Important studies carried out in several regions of the world show that many fresh water resources have already been impacted by potentially pollution sources, especially by residues of agricultural, industrial and/or domestic origin. As a result, the UN has warned that by 2025 approximately 2.7 billion people worldwide will face serious shortage. What is more, protection of groundwater cannot be postponed since it is difficult and impractical to remove pollutants from local sources (wells) and very costly to decontaminate vast reservoirs. In consideration of this, the objective of this study was to elaborate a thematic, guiding cartographic document that qualitatively focused on natural vulnerability to pollutants of groundwater within the perimeter and urban areas of São Carlos, SP, Brazil, by means of GOD methodology and SPRING 4.2 - Inpe geoprocessing software. This document was also intended to assist the city administration in future planning and establishment of public policies aimed at protecting its groundwater resources.
Narcisismo e cultura: a relação entre psicologia individual e psicologia social na obra freudiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-09)
Fernandes, Elisângela Barboza
;
Simanke, Richard Theisen
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3767077086992061
This work aims to show how the relationship between social psychology and individual psychology is thought about in Freudian theory. It broaches the issue separating nature and culture, which is dealt with in Freudian discourse as fundamental to the makeup of the subject. Along these lines, we highlight two psychoanalytic concepts that surround the problem: narcissism and identification. The theory of narcissism in its intersubjective dimension provides the basis of examining the opposition between these psychologies and a metaphysiological foundation of social bonding, and therefore, of the very makeup of culture in the Freudian perspective. Beginning with the preliminary analysis of Freud s entry into the discussion of phylogenesis, we go through a discussion of the theory of narcissism through which the death instinct takes the stage. We then discuss this concept in its essential dimension - aggressiveness considering the context of reformulations in the psychic apparatus. Finally, we discuss the conception of the psychoanalytic subject as a potential enemy of civilization , of culture as produced by unconscious and irreconcilable conflicts; and the social and individual psychologies as mutually constituting each other
O átomo de hidrogênio em 1, 2 e 3 dimensões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-10)
Verri, Alessandra Aparecida
;
Oliveira, César Rogério de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5485204156806697
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794549732815622
In this work we study the Hamiltonian of the hydrogen atom in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions. Especifically, it is defined as a self-adjoint operator in the Hilbert space L2(Rn), n = 1, 2, 3. Nevertheless, the main goal is to study the hydrogen atom 1-D. Particularly, for this is model we address some problens related to the singularity of the Coulomb potential.
Aspectos químicos envolvidos nas interações de Citrus com fitopatógenos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-10)
Magnani, Rodrigo Facchini
;
Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1649482354383242
This present thesis describes the development of analytical methodologies involving the HPLC-PDA-MS/MS coupling to verify the production of both polar and non-polar metabolites in orange trees produced by grafting Citrus sinensis onto Citrus limonea. By the use of such kind of method, it was possible to verify the production of both polymethoxy and glycosyl flavonoids. This method was then applied to plants with symptoms of two different diseases, Citrus Sudden Death (MSC) and Greening. Regarding this last disease, the methodologies were focused on detection of some analogous of benzoic acid like gentisic acid, orbicularin, salicylic acid and glycosyl salicylic acid. Another part of this work was focused on isolation and characterization of Alternariol (AOL) and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether (AME), mycotoxins produced in vitro by a phytopathogenic strain of Alternaria alternata and the molecule tenuazoic acid. These mycotoxins were also monitored using HPLC-DAD for 30 days in an attempt to find out a possible profile of their production. In addition, an analytical method involving HPLC-MS/MS was developed, validated and applied to quantify the amounts of AOL and AME in different parts of tangerines (i.e., on flavedo and on albedo tissues) with and without symptoms of Alternaria Brown Spot disease. The levels of such substances were about 17.4 ± 1.0 μg/kg of AOH and 3.5 ± 0.2 μg/kg of AME on flavedo. Some inhibition tests against Guinardia citricarpa, related to Black Spot disease, were also done with some isolated compounds. Five of these compounds showed to have 100% of inhibition in this test at concentration of 500 μg/mL: benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trimethoxibenzoic acid, 3,4-dimethoxibenzoic acid, and the glycosyl flavonoids naringin and rutin.
Síntese e caracterização da céria dopada com gadolínio para uso em células combustíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-13)
Godinho Junior, Mario
;
Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364676654739392
The search for new materials for the development of catalysts, ultraviolet blockers, biomaterials and solid oxide fuel cell as alternative clean energy sources can be directly related to the use of cerium oxide or ceria (CeO2). However, understanding and controlling the synthesis methods, the structural characteristics, as well as some properties, as for instance, the oxygen ionic conductivity of this material, are of great importance to explain or foresee such applications. In this work, the synthesis of the doped ceria with gadolinium performed at room temperature, as well as the polymeric precursor method, have been comparatively used to study the effectiveness of these methods to obtain nanometer order particles. The characterization techniques were X-Ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Thermal Analysis, Specific Superficial Area, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electronic Microscopy and Impedance Spectroscopy. From obtained results it was possible to evidence the formation of the Ce1-xGdxO1.9-δ phase at room temperature by the coprecipitation method and despite the formation of some agglomerated particles, the homogeneity of the final microstructure was controlled through the study that employed different rate heatings. The attainment of an alternative morphology, for instance nanoribbon, was possible through processing in a hydrothermal system with microwave heating. The electrolyte with particles synthesized by the polymeric precursor method demonstrated a higher intrinsic conductivity, which is the most indicated method for the use in fuels cells.
Semicontinuidade superior de atratores para semigrupos multívocos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-16)
Simsen, Jacson
;
Gentile, Cláudia Buttarello
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295174684198407
In this work we developed an abstract theory for existence and characterization of attractors for multivalued semigroups defined by generalized semi ows and we apply the abstract results to systems of p-laplacian differential inclusions and we obtain upper semicontinuity of the attractors as the parameter of diffusion goes to infinity.
Diferentes meios de cultivo e condições operacionais na produção de penicilina G acilase por Bacillus megaterium
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-16)
Souza, Vanessa Ribeiro de
;
Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3368639921194981
Penicillin G acylase (PGA) is an important enzyme for industry, used to produce aminopenicillanic acid, a key intermediate in the synthesis of ampicillin, among other betalatam antibiotics. The production of this enzyme by Bacillus megaterium has been studied by the research group for several years. This work advances this research, aiming not only at the enhancement of the enzyme production, but also at a better understanding of B. megaterium regulatory expression mechanisms for PGA. A systematic study of the inoculum, including conservation strategies for the microorganism, was performed. Different cultivation media and operational conditions for the production of PGA were investigated, especially temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration. Enzyme recovery was also studied, including methodologies for minimizing protein contents in whey. Cheese whey is an important nutrient for enzyme production, but its use implies the presence of contaminant proteins in the culture broth. Finally, the enzyme was kinetically characterized. During the inoculum study, PGA yields of microorganisms conserved using different techniques were compared: endospores in 20%-glycerol, -50oC (cryotubes), endospores in solid medium, in refrigerator ( slants ) and vegetative cells in 5%-glycerol, -50oC ( eppendorffs ). It was observed that cryotubes (frozen spores) preserve the enzyme production levels for 12 months, 521 IU/L ±20 IU/L with great reproducibility. Conservation in slants shows a marked fall of production after one month, with a low reproducibility along months. Freezing vegetative cells leads to the highest patterns of enzyme production, up to 900 IU/L, but preservation is sustained for only five months. Maximum specific growth rates changed according to the conservation method, with µmax eppendofor > cryotube > slant . A study of the effect of the inoculum growth period on enzyme yield has shown that, for the three conservation methods, harvesting between 8 and 12 h leaded to similar cell mass and enzyme concentrations after 24 h of cultivation. The procedure of harvesting the inoculum after 12 h, with 10%-bioreactor inoculum volume, showed to be a good method for inoculum standardization. The effect of temperature on the cultivation of B. megaterium for production of PGA was assessed in the range 24-40oC. Maximum cell concentration and maximum enzyme yield were achieved at 30oC. The effect of the concentration of dissolved oxygen on the production of PGA was studied, using air to feed the bioreactor (culture medium volume: 1.2-2.0 L). A second B. megaterium strain showed a lower growth rate than the original one, demanding 24 h for germination/propagation, while the original one requires 12 h. Thus, different oxygen (air) feeding strategies were tested for both strains. Along the years, enzyme yields in agitated flasks have been higher than in bioreactor, for almost all assays. For the second strain, sustaining the dissolved oxygen at 10% of saturation leaded to the highest enzyme productivity among all tested conditions, with a bioreactor productivity similar to the agitated flasks. For the original strain a similar production was only achieved with an increasing stirring profile, implying a very low dissolved oxygen concentration, equal to zero during long periods of the cultivation. The two strains presented different dissolved oxygen requirements. Changes in the cultivation medium also implied different dissolved oxygen requirements for a maximum enzyme yield. Cheese whey has a still no-identified substance that is an essential nutrient for enzyme production. The use of enzymatically hydrolyzed cheese whey improves the downstream process. Assays in agitated flasks, with the original strain, using hydrolyzed whey, leaded to PGA levels similar to the ones obtained using integral whey. However, in bioreactor the yield of enzyme was always lower than in agitated flasks, no matter the aeration strategy that was used. Three possible explanations for this fact were investigated: 1) microorganism preservation method; 2) changes in the time necessary for attaining and sustaining the metabolic state where enzyme expression occurs, what could be related to the ratio between vegetative cells and spores along time, in flasks and in the bioreactor; 3) increase in the production of proteases in the bioreactor, compared to the flasks. The lower yield using hydrolyzed whey does not seem to be related to none of these hypotheses, and up to now it was not possible to generalize the study of the effect of this variable on the PGA production by B. megaterium. Enzyme purification and concentration, via ultra-diafiltration, in the presence of integral and hydrolyzed whey was another subject for research. The effect of pH and of the number of washing cycles on enzyme recovery was assessed. Results showed that this technique is efficient, provided it is run at low temperatures. Hydrolyzed whey indeed eases the purification of the enzyme using membranes, and great part of the contaminant whey proteins can be removed. However, an expressive loss of PGA occurs during the diafiltration stages, which must be minimized. pH did not influence enzyme recovery. The kinetic characterization of the produced enzyme, using the hydrolysis of penicillin G as standard reaction, has showed that maximum PGA activity is at pH 8 and 37oC. Estimated Michelis-Menten parameters were Vmax= 0.0344 mMPenG/min and Km=1.83 mM, with activation energy equal to 27.12 KJ/mol.
Efeito do ultra-som pulsado de baixa intensidade sobre fêmur de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-16)
Albertin, Lucélia Maria
;
Nonaka, Keico Okino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551036775738296
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533605259639231
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by the damage of the bone strength due to the integration of bone density, expressed by the quantity of mineral material by bone area and volume, and the bone quality related to bone architecture, remodeling and mineralization. It is a disease that induces bone fragility and fracture spinal column and in the femur, where trabecular bone are predominant. The osteoporotic fractures are responsible by great morbidity and mortality, therefore representing a great public health problem. Studies with alternative non pharmacological treatments have been proposed and one of them is the pulsed ultrasound with low intensity (US). It is well known its osteogenic effect as a mechanical stimulus in isolates cells and bone fractures. However, these effects are not completely explained in the osteoporosis. Also, studies with aim to avoid the osteopenia with mechanical stimulus as US are rare. Therefore, the present study had the objective to analyze the effect of US (30 mw/cm2 SATA, 200µs pulse width, 1 KHz of frequency of repetition and frequency of 1.5 MHz) in femur of rats. The ovariectomized Wistar rats were used as animal model of experimental osteoporosis. Biomechanical, physical and histomorphometric parameters were analyzed. The treatment began 24h after ovariectomy, 5 days/week, during 8 weeks. Female rats with 4 months of age were divides in 6 experimental groups: US 30 and US 20 - OVX rats US stimulated during 30 and 20 minutes; Sham 30 and Sham 20 OVX rats US sham stimulated; Intact 30 and Intact20 intact rats US sham stimulated. The efficacy of the osteopenia model induced by ovariectomy was demonstrated by the physical, biomechanical and histomorphometric parameters. These parameters also showed that US was not efficiency to avoid the bone microarchiteture deterioration induced by castration.
Quantificação dos metabólitos do albendazol em plasma bovino por cromatografia líquida quiral de alta eficiência, com injeção direta de amostras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-17)
Belaz, Katia Roberta Anacleto
;
Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633522981711599
This work presents the development and validation of a sensitive and enantioselective multidimensional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of albendazole metabolites: albendazole sulphoxide, chiral compound, albendazole sulphone and albendazole 2-aminesulphone in bovine plasma. The compounds, (±)- albendazole sulphoxide, albendazole sulphone and 2-aminesulphone were extracted from bovine plasma using a octyl restricted access media bovine serum albumin column (C8-RAM-BSA) (5.0 x 0.46 cm i.d.) and analyzed on a chiral column containing amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) coated onto APS-Nucleosil support, as stationary phase (15.0 x 0.46 cm i.d.). The chromatographic separations of all target compounds were achieved using a mobile phase composed of phosphate buffer (0.01 M; pH 7.5):acetonitrile (60:40 v/v), flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and fluorescence detection at 290 nm and 320 nm, excitation and emission, respectively. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 40.00-1280 ng/ml for each albendazole sulphoxide enantiomer, 10.0-320 ng/mL for albendazole sulphone and 10.0-320 ng/mL for albendazole 2-aminesulphone. The validated method showed linearity, precision, accuracy and adequate sensitivity, allowing it to be appropriate for pharmacokinetics studies after administration of albendazole by different routes. Moreover, two metabolites of albendazole, the albendazole sulphoxide and albendazole sulphone, were synthesized by oxidation reaction using the aquo(N-oxo of piridine) molybdenum (VI) oxo diperoxo complexe.
Esfera pública burguesa e esfera pública proletária: as perspectivas de Habermas e de Negt e Kluge
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-20)
Campato, Roger Fernandes
;
Maar, Wolfgang Leo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7053804306415312
The goal of this thesis is to establish a comparison between the concepts of bourgeois public sphere and of proletarian public sphere developed, respectively, by Jürgen Habermas and by Oskar Negt and Alexander Kluge. In this sense, the study intends to demonstrate that, on contrary to Habermas eminently abstract perspective, the perspective suggested by Negt and Kluge is based on a non-deformed interpretation of marxist dialectics, allowing for the potential for emancipation present in the original critical theory.
Implementação da iniciativa unidade básica amiga da amamentação : educação continuada e prática profissional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-20)
Martins, Rosa Maria Castilho
;
Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2507454981640212
Although the benefits that the maternal breast-feeding brings for the baby, the mother, the family and the society, wean it precocious have been frequent practical. Some authors recognize that, amongst the diverse factors that can influence the practical of the maternal breast-feeding is a performance of the health professionals and, in many situations, these professionals are not enabled to take care of to the women during the gestation and/or period of maternal breastfeeding. Some measures had been adopted for governmental bodies, with purpose to increase maternal breast-feeding, between them, Initiative Unit Basic Friend of Maternal breast-feeding (IUBAAM in portuguese), proposal for Health Ministry, that delineates an important paper that the Basic Units of Attention to the Health can play, for the promotion, protection and support of the maternal breast-feeding. To receive the heading of Basic Unit Friend of Maternal Breastfeeding 10 steps will have to be followed, being that the qualification of the team of the unit becomes the basic step for the others one. The present work had as objective to evaluate which the contributions of the course of continuated education considered by the IUBAAM, for the practical of the professionals of health of the maternal-infantile team. It was a descriptive qualitative research. For the collection of the data the following procedures had been carried through: interview and observation of practical of the four professionals of a Basic Unit of Health (nurse, nurse aid, pediatrist and obstetrician) before and after course, accompaniment of the accomplishment of the course, observation of the practical professional and the actions to be developed for the unit after the course. The data of the interviews and the comment, carried through before the qualification course, had shown that the formation of these professionals in the thematic of the maternal breast-feeding was insufficient for the performance of them in this one. The course was evaluated, for the professionals, as a moment important of learning and to share knowledge, being detached the methodology of the problematization as primordial factor in the learning of the contents. The practical lesson, that happens in elapsing of the course, was pointed as basic in the consolidation of the learnings. About to the changes of attitudes in the practical professional it was verified that exists an attempt to change these ones, however, when the action proposal involved a bigger joint among the members of the team and changes in the routines of assistance of the unit, the professionals have had much difficulty to place it in practical. The implementation of the groups of support the mothers and pregnants, pointed for the professionals as one of the most important actions, was the moust difficult activit to be viabilitated inside of the routine of the unit. The alleged reasons had been: the lack of physical space, the reduced number of professionals, the lack of time and the excess of attributions. In such a way we understand that, although to bring important contributions for the practical professional, the qualification course, by itself, does not to provoke great changes in the attitudes of the professionals and the routines of the Unit of health. It is necessary to have a proposal, on the part of the local managers of health, that praises the accompaniment of the process of implementation of the steps considered for the IUBAAM and its posterior evaluation.
A ordenação das variáveis no processo de otimização de classificadores bayesianos: uma abordagem evolutiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-20)
Santos, Edimilson Batista dos
;
Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3711618829552343
Classification is a basic task in data analysis and pattern recognition that requires the construction of a classifier. The induction of classifiers from data sets is an important problem in machine learning. Numerous approaches to this problem are based on various representations such as decision trees, neural networks, decision graphs, and rules. However the interest in Bayesianos methods for classification has grown sufficiently. Bayesian Networks (BNs) learning algorithms can be used to induce Bayesian classifiers. However, BNs learning from data is known to be a NP problem and does not have computational methods capable to identify to the best solution for all the application problems. A very common restriction when learning a BN is the definition of a previous Variables Ordering (OV). The OV represent the possible relationships between the variables in the formation of the structure of BN that describes the problem. Using an adequate OV, learning algorithms are capable to find a solution more efficient. Therefore, this work proposes hybrid approaches to help the process of learning a BN from data for classification. The proposed methods named VOGA, VOGAC e VOEA uses Evolutionary Algorithms to optimize the BN learning process by means of the identification of an adequate variables ordering. These methods use information about the class variable when defining the most suitable variable ordering. Experiments performed in a number of datasets revealed that methods are promising
Música e negatividade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-21)
Jurado, Thamara Moretti Soria
;
Maar, Wolfgang Leo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2744563948941510
This dissertation intends to investigate Adorno s analysis concerning Beethoven s late style in the attempt of understanding the importance delegated to this composer s works, which led Adorno to identify it with the beginning of a process that would culminate in Schoenberg. For doing that, we will use these comprised fragments in Beethoven s work: the philosophy of music, in special The Style I and II .
Estudo e validação de teorias do domínio lingüístico com vistas à melhoria do tratamento de cadeias de co-referência em sumarização automática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-21)
Carbonel, Thiago Ianez
;
Rino, Lúcia Helena Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315640846525832
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0446593777033541
The work presented in the dissertation focuses on the study and validation of linguistic theories so as to improve reference cohesion in Automatic Summarization systems, which with the advent of the Internet have received increasing attention due to the urge to manage the huge amounts of on-line textual information that become available each day. In this dissertation we evaluate Seno (2005) s Veins Theory-based proposal and prototype, and present a reimplementation with distinct features based on the analysis of a corpus annotated with rhetoric (RST) and referential information. In addition, we report on the first validation effort for Portuguese for Veins Theory s Conjecture 1 (C1), which constrains anaphora resolution given the rhetoric structure of texts and whose applicability to Automatic Summarization interests us. As a methodological novelty, we put forth the Non-Trivial Precision, a more realistic estimator of C1 s predictive power.
Vedações verticais e suas interfaces no sistema construtivo de edificações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-21)
Cardoso, Daniel Luis Antonio
;
Novaes, Celso Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6865324349881313
The development of a greater number of projects, besides those traditionally elaborated (foundations, architecture, structure, electrical and sanitary-hydraulic installations), have made the constructive process more complex, demanding the participation of several professionals around the projects of edification to discuss and make compatible the present solutions in the interfaces between the subsystems. Construction companies, which invest in the improvement in the projects quality of their edifications tend to increase better results as to their competitiveness in the market, guaranteeing significant efficiency to the whole enterprise cycle and generating higher rationalization for the production process of their buildings. In that sense, the activities referring to the project and to the production of an edification need to be thought in an integrated way. Because there are several the interferences between the vertical sealings and the rest of subsystems of the building that interact with it, the project elaboration of vertical sealings stands out as the instrument for the compatibility of projects, because it has the property to furnish constructive details that present efficiency and constructively to the services made at the construction site. Despite the importance of project-production integration, it can be perceived a certain precariousness in the definitions of interference of the vertical sealings with the rest of the subsystems, reflection of incomplete or indefiniteness projects, leaving to the construction site the need of adaptations. Thus, through bibliographic review and case study in three building sites of a small size incorporater-constructor, the solutions adopted in the sealing masonry interface and in some subsystems are verified.
Juristas autoritários versus juristas liberais o debate estabelecido no campo jurídico brasileiro 1964-1969
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-22)
Lotúmolo, Marinês Bernardinelli
;
Martins Filho, João Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4463972200610019
The analysis of the trajectory of the jurists in the period between 1964 and 1969 requires the identification of diverse chains of the same jurists. Three main chains of jurists in this period had been identified the authoritarian, the liberal and the nationalists jurists. For this analysis it took in consideration the position and ideas politicians of each one of the chains. After that, it was searched to identify the trajectory of each one of the groups, in special the observation of the increasing hegemony of the chain of authoritarian jurists, that directly remained in contact with the military governments after April of 1964. While the construction of a new government happened, the performance of the authoritarian jurists became more frequently, permitting a great debate with the idea of the other group of jurists the liberal. The performance of the authoritarian chain occurred in reason much more of the necessity of internal control to the military sphere than in relation to the manifestations of the society.
Desempenho térmico de cobertura verde utilizando a grama Brachiaria humidicola na cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-22)
Andrade, Nixon César de
;
Roriz, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6355579765506588
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4761868369332802
This work aims to analyze the thermal behavior of a green roof with the Braquiária grass (Brachiaria humidicola), that reaches 1m height, comparing it with a traditional roof (concrete slab on show). Considering temperature and relative humidity data obtained through field measurements in different months, the thermal performance of the green and traditional roofs was analyzed. The inside and outside temperatures, and inside superficial of two test-cells were analyzed. The outside superficial temperatures were estimated through computation program and the solar radiation data and wind speed, necessaries for the use of this program, were provided by the Water Resource and Applied Ecology Center (CRHEA,) and the Engineering School of São Carlos (EESC), both from the University of São Paulo (USP). The results indicate that, submitted to the local climate, the green roof presents optimum performance, particularly for decreasing the temperatures of external and internal roof surfaces. In the same test-cell it was recently realized a similar research, which used the Esmeralda grass (Zoysia japonica), a short vegetation. Comparing the measurement results for cold and hot periods, it was noticed differences between the thermal performance of the two grasses.
A resolução de anáforas pronominais da língua portuguesa com base no algoritmo de Mitkov
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-08-22)
Chaves, Amanda Rocha
;
Rino, Lúcia Helena Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315640846525832
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0486342889109075
One of the problems of natural language processing systems is to assure referential cohesion in a text. This property allows connecting the text constituents and making it readable. We address the anaphoric phenomenon as one of the main factors of referential cohesion. Anaphors depict a reference relationship between two or more text components, and the interpretation of the anaphor is dependent upon the interpretation of its antecedent. This work is limited to pronominal anaphors, thus, to automatic pronoun resolution. Several algorithms have been proposed to this end. They usually involve (1) identifying the anaphoric component; (2) determining the set of its possible antecedents; and (3) identifying and selecting the most likely antecedent of the anaphor. The lack of anaphora resolution in, e.g., information extraction and automatic translation or summarization may yield non-cohesive texts. Herein we present an adaptation of the Mitkov´s algorithm for pronoun resolution. 3rd person pronouns for Brazilian Portuguese are especially addressed, whose antecedents are noun phrases. This approach has been intrinsically evaluated on annotated corpora. It has also been compared with Lappin and Leass algorithm for pronoun resolution, adapted to Portuguese. Annotations embed morphological, syntactic and co-referential information. The evaluation measure adopted was the success rate. This is defined as the ratio between the number of anaphors correctly resolved by the system and the total number of anaphors in the text. The results of both evaluations are discussed here.