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Present perfect: uma questão de aspecto : um estudo sobre o contexto na compreensão da noção de aspecto subjacente ao present perfect simples em inglês.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-27)
Espino, Sabrina de Paula
;
Silva, Ademar da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9028512631572133
This study approaches the present perfect simple (PP) in English, a verb structure that does not have a semantic equivalent in Brazilian Portuguese language. This fact brings out teaching and learning issues that one occasionally tries to answer. Frequently taught through out of context sentences and treated in grammar and language teaching books in a fragmented way, through confusing and haphazard explanations, this structure is difficult for Brazilian English learners to grasp. Although morphologically similar to the compound past tense in Portuguese, once both are formed by have and the past participle of a given verb, it is acknowledged that these structures do not always operate in the same way. Besides the concept of Tense, the PP also bears strong aspectual information which is rarely taken into consideration in its teaching, but essential for its understanding. With this in mind, this investigation goal was to analyze if a contextual approach facilitates the comprehension of the notion of Aspect underlying the PP. The experiment consisted of two distinct tasks, one structural and another contextual, and also a questionnaire with questions concerning some verb structures. Based on verbal protocols technique, the participants, 20 English language students attending the last year of Language College in two public universities in the state of São Paulo, were instructed to verbalize their thoughts while performing the tasks. The results are favorable to the use of contextual activities in the understanding of the aspectual feature that underlies the meaning of the PP, since this type of approach seems to attenuate the difficulties found by learners when carrying out tasks involving several verb structures, therefore providing greater possibility of focusing in aspectual features and less in temporality.
Síntese e caracterização de nanoilhas de PZT e BaTiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-27)
Albarici, Viviane Cristina
;
Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
This work presents a systematic study of synthesis and characterization of ferroelectric nanoislands. Generally three methods were had been studied: polymerized complex method (MPC), hydrothermal synthesis and nonaqueous synthesis. In order to optimize the formation of nanoislands we realized studies about influence of some experimental parameters. When we used MPC the concentration of metallic cátions (Pb2+, Zr4+ and Ti4+) in the polymeric resin, influence of the type calcination (using microwave and conventional oven), the citric acid - metallic cátion ratio (AC:Metal) and the resins deposition method were varied. The results showed that using the spin-coating deposition onto Si (100) substrate, the dilution of the polymeric resin proportionate samples with of distinct particle concentrations. Some of these regions with nanoislands. With the increase of ratio AC: Metal we had the formation of continuous films. The samples prepared by immersion method showed that it is possible the formation of nanoislands with uniform size and distribution by MPC. Tests in MgO and STO substrates were also accomplished based on the optimization discussed above. Tests with one layer indicated only the presence of PZT tetragonal phase. Moreover the optimized immersion conditions lead the formation of a continuous film along the MgO substrate. The sample obtained onto STO substrate presented agglomerated regions. Also hydrothermal synthesis was used to produce PZT nanoparticles. However, even with the variation of the synthesis conditions PZT powders were obtained in a micrometric scale. On the other hand, the nonaqueous route produced a low cristallinity PZT precursor, with was crystallized at lower temperatures than those reported in the literature. Besides, BaTiO3 was also studied. In this case the samples were deposited by immersion and spin-coating. The samples obtained by immersion did not present the formation of nanoislands but regions with agglomerated particles. The viscosity and concentration of organic material were investigated accomplished aiming the formation of films with the thinnest thickness possible to the samples obtained by spin-coating. The formation of continuous films was verified and in some of them the formation of pores was observed. The formation of micrometric islands was observed at higher temperatures.
Educação religiosa, disciplina e poder na terra do ouro: a história do Seminário de Mariana, entre 1750 e 1850
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-27)
Selingardi, Sérgio Cristóvão
;
Tagliavini, João Virgílio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8503750331108989
The seminar of Nossa Senhora da Boa Morte was founded in 1750, in the city of Mariana, headquarterrs of the first bishop of Minas Gerais, for D. Frei Manuel da Cruz , the first bishop of that diocese. This institution was responsible for the training of almost all the clergy and colonial mining man who occupied positions of proeminence in the political and intellectual fields of Brazil, during colonial and Monarchy. First, was made an apporach about the foundation of the seminar, Mariana, focusing the origins fo the Church mining and the precariousness fo instruction in the territory mining, seeking to understand taht the creation fo the aforementioned semiar justified by the preparation of young people for both European universities as for priestly career. Thus, this institution was created to satisfy the interests of elites, which did not need more send their children to study in colleges Jesuits of Bahia or Rio de Janeiro and also meet the desire of the Catholic Church, in the form of Minas a mative clergy. Then, trough the history of Seminary of Mariana, between 1750 and 1850, sought to strengthen the elitist nature of this institution, whose in majority, belonged to the most advantaged and humanistic education, whose aim was the formation of an elite leader and culture. Finally, trough the study of their Bylaws internal and his authoritarian process of education, it was found that the Seminar of Mariana it is a total institution, which possibly has positive and negative repercussions on the lives of some of his former students.
Uma proposta para análise de dados com correlação espacial e temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-27)
Pedroso, Flávia Maria de Toledo
;
Barreto, Maria Cecília Mendes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2218053283392257
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8633049196791123
In several research areas, the study of the occurrence of a phenomenon over a period of time is very common. In this case, if we use the theory of Generalized Linear Models to analyze the subject of interest, we ll have, as a consequence, incorrect inferences concerning regression parameters and inefficient estimators, since considering the random variables as independent responses, is the main characteristic of this theory. When the variable response is observed over time, there can be a correlation between the observations and that must be taken into consideration on the estimation of the parameters. To incorporate this temporal dependence, we can use the theory of Generalized Estimating Equations, proposed by Liang & Zeger, 1986, as an extension of the Generalized Linear Models, to compute the correlation between the observations. Besides the temporal correlation, there can even be a space correlation and, in this case, we can use the theory of Geostatistic to estimate the reach of the correlation of samples over a study region, as well as to identify whether there is a privileged direction of variability of the studied phenomenon, important data not revealed when we utilize the theories of classic statistic. In this dissertation, we applied the methodologies mentioned above to try to explain the presence and the behavior of the female Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti captured by adulticed traps in the city of Mirassol/SP, with the goal of helping on the search of more precise methods to contain the dissemination of dengue.
Propostas de melhoria para o PDP de uma empresa de máquinas agrícolas com base no modelo de PDP da Toyota
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-28)
Corrêa, Fábio Chencci
;
Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6246002913283688
While in the last years Toyota Production System (TPS) has been largely studied and documented, Toyota Product Development System (TPDS) remains obscure, although it is known that a good production system hadly depends on a good product development system. This research presents a set of proposals for Product Development Process (PDP) improvement in an agricultural machines company, based in the Toyota s product development principles and practices. For so much, at first it has been made a literature review which objective was to understand and to describe Toyota s PDP and its leading principles from a systemic viewpoint. The research development makes use of action research method to report the study object current situation and raising its main problems, which consist in the target to be hit by the improvement proposals. Such proposals were formatted considering the Toyota s PDP principles and management practices applicability to the studied company reality and its both market and technological context. The work contributes from the academic viewpoint to a better understanding of TPDS and also from the organizational viewpoint about how it is possible to apply the studied principles as the base for reorganization and continuous improvement of an agricultural machines company s PDP
O ensino médio em rede sob o olhar dos diferentes atores de uma comunidade escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-28)
Menten, Maria Luiza Machado
;
Freitas, Denise de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2846406732200660
The main aim of this analytical and qualitative piece of research was to contribute to the continuing education of secondary school teachers by describing and critically analyzing the repercussions of a Programme, called Ensino Médio em Rede (EMR), used to give continuing education to secondary school teachers at a public state school where I have been working as a full time teacher for seventeen years. The purpose of this piece of research is based on the first phase of this Programme which had been developed at a Secondary State School in the State of São Paulo, from August 2004 to July of 2005. The results were obtained from interviews with teachers, coordinator and technical pedagogical assistant, from participative observations (mainly at school), documents generated by all the participants (evaluation letters from the Programme) at the end of phase 1 (July/2005) and from the material produced for the development of the Programme, like videos, books and CD with complementary text. The central objectives of the research were: 1) To analyze the Programme and its theoretical referencial from a critical perspective; 2) To identify the conceptions of the teachers, the coordinating teacher and of two mediators (a technical pedagogical assistant and a supervisor) about public policies, and more specific, about the Programme; 3) To individualize the movement of its insertion in a public state school under the view of its different involved partners, trying to delineate its repercussions, impacts, controversial subjects, positive points and flaws. From the immediate, chaotic and fragmented view given by official speeches, taken from the material made for the Programme, from participative observations, interviews and evaluation letters, I researched through approximations and successive abstractions carried out through the readings to analyze the collected material, the actual context and the theoretical referential adopted by the Programme (reflexive teacher and competences pedagogy) in a critical perspective. I implemented a dialogue with several researchers that present distint theoretical filiations, but it was possible to analyze the opinions and movements. The data analyses were carried out from a referential in the public policies areas and teacher s continuing education, which enabled me to understand some of the debate made by the teachers, as well as to observe theirs views about the world issues and also with the instigating historical themes within the educational area. In general, all the individuals involved criticized the short time of the institutional collective space (HTPC) to establish the programmed activity. A group of teachers also taunted the proposal supported by the Programme, as well as the lack of an open debate of the other theoretical dimensions. However, its implementation was a progress in the transformation of HTPC in a permanent space for the development of teachers within the school scope. The critical way of some teachers to the Programme proposal was accepted as a political resistant in defense to the public school and also the educational work which can not lose their historical role and their specificity.
Currículo em ação nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e a atenção à multiculturalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-09-28)
Corsi, Adriana Maria
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5553922167803121
The present study had as objective identifies aspects of the pedagogic practice that can contribute to the regulation and social emancipation, discussing them starting from the studies of Critique Multiculturalism. This way, we tried to understand how the relative differences of categories race/ethnic, social class and gender are present in curriculum in action. The data were collected from two classrooms of the first grade of Fundamental Teaching - 1st and 4th series - through observation and interview. They had been accomplished thirty days of observation in each classroom, distributed for each school semester. The interviews were made with the objective of understanding the meanings attributed by the teachers to their practices. The choice of the 1st series was random and to 4th series was chosen because the teacher realized a differentiated pedagogic practice, concerned with subjects regarding the cultural diversity. The analyses point two types of quite different practices, and in the 1st series the linked aspects of differences were registered stronger in the relationships between teacher and students and in 4th series the work with the contents that he/she appears as central. In teacher Roberta's 1st series, the analyzed situations show the existence of ethnocentric pattern that rules his/her pedagogic work, mainly in what he/she refers to the relationship between her and the students, involving the attention given to certain students, the expectations positive or negative to them, the incentive, the knowledge conception and others. This aspect illustrates how inside of a same classroom they feel different teaching forms and learning and how those processes are influenced for cultural and social differences. In the 4th series teacher's Silvia, themes like prejudice, racism, stereotypes are treated together with the curricular contents. The observed situations reveal that the teacher tries to develop with the students a critical vision of different themes that involve social and cultural subjects, with an education that illustrate more the social emancipation. However, that attempt of developing a practice returned to the work with the differences is set also by some difficulties, as the isolation in the school and the domain of curricular contents in their relationships with the gender subjects, sexuality, race/ethnic. Finally, we considered that the culture is always present in the school education, as monoculturalism or multiculturalism. Therefore it is indispensable that the courses of initial and continuous formation involve the discussions of the cultural and social differences in their programs, with the objective of developing a critical education, "politics" that seeks the overcoming of the social exclusion, of the prejudice and of the racism
Esforço para inovação tecnológica : uma caracterização da indústria de alimentos do município de Marília/SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-02)
Abreu, Andréia de
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2958568549055933
In the light of the entrepreneurial scenario, in which new competitiveness patterns were established, companies have been forced to search for new manners of action in order to survive the market. Among these forms, it is highlighted those which favor the development of technological innovations and the establishment of cooperation relationships among several partners. This same reality applies to the foodstuff industry. The development of technological innovations has been increasingly important since they are capable of providing the products the market need, as well as aimed at guaranteeing food safety throughout its production and as final good already ready to consumption. Another manner the companies adopt to overcome troubles and become more innovative is the insertion in cooperative ventures, which occurs because these companies do not have necessary resources, including knowledge to adopt and transfer innovation to their products and processes, or because they want to reduce the risks related to innovation practices. According to this scenario, the present work in intended for characterizing the efforts to establish technological innovation and cooperative relationships to innovation on foodstuff companies based in Marília, São Paulo, thus making possible to identify actions to aid the development and adoption of technologies in the companies studied. Besides, this work is aimed at identifying and evaluating how these cooperation relationships are established. In order to do so, case studies were carried out in four foodstuff companies. As a result, it was verified that the companies promoted a great deal of effort in order to introduce technological innovation to their products, processes or both.
Mecanismos reacionais e os processos de carga e descarga no caso de eletrodos planos de Pb em ácido sulfúrico e formação de eletrodos planos de PbO2 partindo de eletrodos de Pb
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-04)
Pratta, Patrícia Maria Patrizi
;
D'Alkaine, Carlos Ventura
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8699821828310072
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8073226929054180
Two systems that form the basis of the lead-acid batteries were studied. The first system was the lead/sulfuric acid (Pb/H2SO4) interface. This interface is equivalent to negative electrode of lead acid batteries. The second system was the lead oxide/sulfuric acid (PbO2/H2SO4) interface. This interface is equivalente to the positive electrode of lead acid batteries. Of these two interfaces the PbO2/H2SO4 interface is the more complex. In order to devise a reproducible method of synthesizing this complexelectrode (and guaranteeing the production of only PbO2), various test were performed probing the electrooxidation of Pb in many different media, including alkaline solution. For both the Pb and PbO2 interfaces, mechanisms of reaction were studied via electrochemical and spectro-electrochemical methods including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The behavior of the Pb/H2SO4 system was reproducible and independentof whether the electrode was pure Pb or an alloy of Pb/Ca/Sn/Ag. The reproducibility of measurements in the Pb/H2SO4 system depended on a method developed to remove disrupted filme on the electrode surface. In fact nucleation phenomena were only observed after complete removal of disrupted films from the electrode surface. The formation of reproducible PbO2 films was the main obstacle to obtaining reliable measurements in the PbO2/H2SO4 system. Measurements were sensitive to the planarity of the film and to the presence of excess acid in the solution in which the film was grown.
Composição florística e estrutura fitossociológica de uma floresta estacional semidecidual em Araras, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-04)
Soares, Marcelo Steinmetz
;
Soares, João Juares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6093800182799882
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1377239701436382
The purpose of this study was to analyze the specific composition of tree, arboreal structure, infestation by climbers, canopy layer and compare the results with other forest fragments and, from these, to form a data bank for monitoring. The forest studied is located in the geographical coordinates S 22º 17 and W 47º 24 . The soil is red-dark Latosoil type and its topography is irregular. The floristic analysis was made by expeditions and phytosociology by quadrats of 10x10m in three blocks. The canopy analysis was made by digital image and the climbers infest by coverage index. It was found 114 species belonging to 40 families and 74 genres. It was sampled 728 alive plants. The species with greater importance value were Trichilia clausenii, Galesia integrifolia, Trichilia catigua, Metrodora nigra e Cariniana estrelensis. The sample canopy coverture presented 70% of the samples with 70% of coverture e only 14% with minor than 50%. 83% of the trees presented any infestation by climber and 60% with indice 4 e 5, that was considered elevated. The greatest infestation occurred at the tree of the canopy layer. The population of pioneer species, in the sucessional classification, presented little number of young plants and the secondary and shade tolerant great number and a complete series of diametric classes.
Estudo por espalhamento Raman de efeitos anarmônicos e transição de fase do PbTiO3 : Sm3+ induzidos por pressão hidrostática e variação de temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-05)
Machado, Marco Antonio Cunha
;
Pizani, Paulo Sérgio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1038437165007849
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5662281567883957
In this work it was investigated, by using Raman spectroscopy, the effect of the substitucional disorder on the vibrational properties of the ferroelectric ceramics PbTiO3 doped with Samarium, at different temperatures and hydrostatic pressures. This material is interesting from the technological point of view because it is a combination between a material with intense ferroelectric properties and a rare earth ion, with very well known optical properties. From the academic point of view, the main purpose was to study qualitatively and quantitatively the combined chemical and structural effects on the phonon spectrum, which was achieved through measurements of the frequency shifts and broadenings of the vibrational modes, that is, the anharmonic effects. It was also investigated the changes in the Curie temperature, the critical transition pressure values and frequency pressure and temperature coefficients generated by substitucional disorder. A special attention was done to the behavior of the lower frequency mode, the so called soft mode, which plays an important role, whose frequency tends to zero with the approach of the ferroelectric-paraelectric transition. The Raman scattering, due to its sensitivity to short range order, to the character nondestructive, noninvasive is a technique well adapted to the purpose of the present study. The importance of the material and the choice of the technique are justified by the great number and quality of publications related to both in the international literature.
A influência dos contextos de produção na carga de trabalho de profissionais de segurança privada.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-05)
Greghi, Marina Fonseca
;
Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6957418053245469
The literature affirms that on the last four decades has been occurring a significant raising on the number of private security companies in all over the world. In Brazil, there are estimations which point that there are 1,148 million people working as agents of private security, and this number can reach the house of 2 million people if considered the informal workers. Besides that, there are not many studies about the worker s activities on private security. This paper analyses the activity of the private security officers. It has been utilized foundation from Work Ergonomic Analysis to understand how the operator manages his workload. This paper provides findings about the perception of the private security officers that the mental workload prevails in the activity and that the main constraints are linked with the work organization, including shift work, control and supervision; and variables of consumer attendance. It is concluded that the Context of Production and Service, based on main aspects of work organization, as: prescriptions, work processes, demands of quality and productivity, has decisive influence upon the behavior of the operator. The Context of Production and Service is important to define the workload. In the activity of the professionals of private security the work is prescribed by the independent contractor and the private security company. This mediation is not a prescription that can be easily followed, but a source of constant conflicts, and then it finishes making source of constant conflicts that hold multiple dimensions and finish producing overload for the vigilant thing.
Padrões limnológicos e do fitoplâncton nas fases de enchimento e estabilização dos reservatórios do APM Manso e AHE Jauru (Estado de Mato Grosso)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-08)
Figueiredo, Daniela Maimoni de
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3560534707014049
This thesis was carried out during the filling and stabilization phases of the reservoirs of APM Manso (Dec/99-Apr/03) and AHE Jauru (Oct/02-Apr/04), in the state of Mato Grosso. It mostly aimed to identify limnological patterns similar to both reservoirs; analyze the influences of river basin, residence time and decomposition process on these patterns; verify the succession of functional groups in the phytoplankton community; and provide a limnological characterization of the tributaries of these hydroelectric reservoirs. In the APM Manso, the flooded area is about 427 km², the residence time (RT) is 429 days; while in the AHE Jauru, the flooded area is about 3 km², and the RT is 4 days. In the former, 11 samplings were conducted during the filling phase (Dec/99- Dezc/00), and 13 during the stabilization phase (Feb/01-Apr/03); the samplings were obtained from seven stations: two in the river, two in the intermediary zone and three in the limnetic zone of the reservoir. In the AHE Jauru, seven samplings were conducted, and the first one was performed one month after the filling was completed, which took three days; the samplings were obtained from two stations: one in the river and one in the reservoir. In both reservoirs, samplings were performed in three different depths in the water column in order to calculate mean, standard deviation and ANOVA. Historic series of weather (precipitation, wind, air temperature) and hydrology (discharge) in the basins of the tributaries of both the APM Manso (Manso and Casca rivers) and the AHE Jauru (Jauru river) as well as the limnological data of these rivers in the period studied were presented and discussed. In the Manso and Casca rivers, rain seasonality was shown to exert strong influence on the major physico-chemical water conditions. In the Juru River, the control was mainly due to the presence or absence of rain close to the collection states. The river conditions were also influenced by their drainage area (geology, soils) and soil uses. In the transition zone of the APM Manso, the oscillations in Secchi disc visibility, turbidity and suspended material were similar to the rivers, with tendency to stabilize in the limnetic zone after March/00. Electrical conductivity, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen were the main indicators of the mineralization process of labile organic matter in the APM Manso (filling phase) and AHE Jauru (Oct-Dec/02), and their patterns were similar to both reservoirs, being mostly controlled by the decomposition velocity. The DO concentrations remained low in the hypolimnion of the reservoirs, which was more noticeable in the APM Manso. The potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium ions in the APM Manso tended to stabilize after March/00 in this reservoir. In the AHE Jauru, the concentrations of these ions were higher in October/02, with few oscillations and low concentrations in the following months. The mineralization processes of refractory matter, which is abundant in the flooded cerrado vegetation, led to an increment of the nitrogen nutrients (Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate) in the APM Manso during the stabilization phase as well as in the AHE Jauru from April to June/03. The residence time was one of the forces which controlled the sedimentation and stabilization processes. The phytoplankton showed functional groups which were generally good describers of the predominant limnological conditions in these reservoirs and their tributaries. In the AHE Jauru, the dominancy among these groups depended on the influence of the Jauru River, which was more perceptible in the rainy period. In the APM Manso, the chlorophyceae were predominant in both filling and stabilization phases; however, the cyanobacteria were also predominant in the latter, possibly due to the increment of nutrients and the decrease in alkalinity. The major limnological patterns identified in the reservoirs were: i) increase in electrical conductivity and alkalinity in the reservoirs (arm of the Casca river in the APM Manso and AHE Jauru); ii) decrease in mean concentrations of DO in relation to the tributaries; iii) increase of Zds and decrease in turbidity and MS (only during drought in the AHE Jauru); iv) increase of phytoplankton density (only during drought in the AHE Jauru). The results suggest that variation patterns in the APM Manso and AHE Jauru continue to occur today and that these environments were stabilized after Dec/00 and Dec/02, respectively
A Força Pública de São Paulo: da profissionalização à sua intervenção no regime militar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-16)
Mussolini Filho, Luiz Sérgio
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8157447462904324
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0728101100072511
The study of professionalization of state military officer constitutes a gap in the National Political Science. In the period comprised between the coming of the French Mission, until we arrieve at the dictatorial period, that started in the year of 1964, with the military coup, we observed through the bibliografhy that some mechanisms of the State, were put in use in a very intenser manner, as to put down civil disturbs, as meetings, public demosntrations and social movements, among them we can mention the student movement. Among the mechanisms of the State, we find in the midst of the Bureau of Public Security, the Public Force, that was used to combat actions of people or groups that contested the Military Regime, actions that not rarely, generated confrontation with parto f the population, students, journalists, teachers, scinetists and even universities. However, the literature about the subject contemplates and restricts itself to the role practiced by militaries constituent of the federal sphere, setting aside, and many times even making reference, to the militaries in the state sfhere.
Efeitos da dragagem sobre a qualidade de sedimentos contaminados do canal do porto de Santos : biodisponibilidade e toxicidade de metais e compostos orgânicos persistentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-19)
Torres, Ronaldo José
;
Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5776197357433580
Contaminated sediments is a worldwide problem, and mobilization of contaminants is one of the most critical issue in environmental risk assessment when dredging projects are concerned. Considering this, we decided to investigate if and how toxic metals and persistent organic compounds such as PAH and PCB are mobilized during dredging operations in the Port of Santos channel (São Paulo State, SE Brazil) in an attempt to assess changes in bioavailability and toxicity of those contaminants. Samples were collected in the dredging site before dredging, in the dredge s hopper (suction hopper dredge) and in the disposal site and its surroundings. Metals and persistent organic compounds were extracted from sediment samples according to USEPA methods for environmental samples. Ecotoxicological assessment was done on bulk sediment samples and in its pore water and elutriate. Results have shown that bulk sediments from the dredging sites are moderately contaminated with As, Pb and Zn and most severely with Hg, as well as had relatively high PCBs and PAHs concentrations (0,8 mg kg-1 for total Hg and 470 μg kg-1 for total PAHs, for example). These results have also shown a 50% increase in the total PAHs concentration in total suspended solids of the water samples collected inside of the dredge s hopper (679 μg kg-1 total PAHs on the total suspended solids against 479 μg kg-1 on bulk sediments from the channel collected on Alemoa terminal). This finding is of great concern as these data refer to the dredge overflow water which is pumped back to the ecosystem during dredging operations. Toxicity tests done with bulk sediment using the amphipod Tiburonella viscana did not show any toxicity, but the tests with the larvae of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus showed toxicity to the interstitial waters and elutriates of samples collected in the channel (dredging site), disposal site (sea site) and dredge´s hopper. In this study we also compared the obtained results to the widely used sediment quality guidelines (ERL and ERM), and to a sediment quality assessment scheme (based on various lines of evidence), as well as, to the Brazilian National Council for the Environment resolution called CONAMA 344/04. It can be seen in the results obtained in microcosm experiments (laboratory) that some organic compounds, mainly fluoranthene and pyrene, can be released from the sediments to the water. Such release was detected in the analysis of these compounds adsorbed in semi-permeable membranes (SPMDs) used in these tests. We hope that the results of this study will be used in the future to support a better planning of management strategies in dredging operations and sediment disposal in marine environment in Brazil.
Objetivo da firma e crescimento : um estudo em empresas de base tecnológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-24)
Santos, Daniela Tatiane dos
;
Pinho, Marcelo Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5744234670546601
This dissertation intends to analyze the growth of Technology Based Firms (TBFs) in Brazil linking it with the objectives pursued for them. The TBFs are technologically dynamic companies, with a dense knowledge base that carry throughout radical or incremental technological innovations. Considering the intensity of their technological effort, high growth is expected. However, empirical studies evidence growth records are usually rather moderate. The explanations for this paradox use to emphasize some factors characterized as barriers to growth. Recently, another explicative hypothesis was postulated, concerning to complex configuration of firms objectives and its impact on TBFs growth trends. Thus, this research aims to analyze the objectives of TBFs in Brazil, stressing the importance of growth among them. The empirical research has benefited from available information on the Technology Management Group database (GeTec/UFSCar) on TBFs and in a questionnaire that was sent to a sample of EBTs.
Gestão estratégica de resíduos sólidos: utilização do balanced scorecard
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-24)
Souza, Ricardo Gabbay de
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7091334915208635
The public sector services are sited in a very dynamic environment, forcing their administrators to have a good perceiving of the internal and external factors that determine the systems reality. Particularly for the solid waste management in Brazil, this universe is defined by political pressures and limitations, influences by population s consuming patterns and environmental inadequacies. For a sustainable development in these systems, it is necessary aligning the many aspects to the sustainability principles, conceiving a strategy for action. Actually a very used tool for strategy management is Balanced Scorecard, which main advantages are: the analysis of organizations positioning under many perspectives, above the strictly financial and operational focus; and the construction of a strategy map, that visually communicates the hierarchy of organizations intended goals. It is also structured a card composed of objectives and their related measures, goals and initiatives, both at organizational and departmental levels. This research analyses the applicability of this method for the solid waste management, using as case a simulated Trust between Araraquara e São Carlos-SP. This permitted working with more than one vision for the strategy, including system s most probable management function workers. The results point to a great applicability of the tool, and instead of the few adequations it was kept the standard structure of the original model, clearly showing a strategic hierarchy from learning and growth and internal processes to society and institutional aspects.
Conservação, viabilidade e vigor de diásporos e crescimento inicial de mudas de aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-24)
Caldeira, Sidney Fernando
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Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1927097515981523
The increase of the antropic action on the different forms of vegetation imposes the necessity to study the forest species, as much as for its conservation, as for its use in environment and productive plantations. If the species is still widely explored in function of the quality of its wood and of other types of products, they increase the risks for its extinction, and the Myracrodruon urundeuva ( aroeira ) is a species that fits in these aspects. The seed still is the most popular and common form of reproduction of the majority of the forest species, and also for its "ex-situ" conservation. However, the majority of the works on storage is conducted in cold or dry chambers, or its combination, of high cost, for periods around 12 months, and not always they reach the variation of the packages, in relation to the permeability. The option of keeping the quality of diasporas of "aroeira", deriving of seeds collection area, in Cuiabá, Brazil, and cheaper conditions to be stored, and of this form, accessible to more users was evaluated under different forms. In controlled chamber for a conditioning air device, the viability of diasporas of "aroeira" was conserved up to 30 months of storage, while the vigor was kept up to six months, independent of the type of packing used, since the impermeable one, until the total permeate one. In room environment the viability and the vigor were been reduced, at the age of six months, but in lesser speed, when the diasporas were conditioned in packing of can and polyethylene bag; at the age of 12 months the deterioration increased and at the age eighteen it was complete. Positive and significant correlations between the methods of analysis of viability as well as of vigor had been observed. The test of accelerated ageing presented resulted satisfactory to evaluate the quality of the diasporas of aroeira , while the tests of electric conductivity and of the diasporas thousand mass had not been adjusted. The evaluation of the initial development of seedlings, produced from the diasporas stored under different conditions, resulted in lesser values of height, diameter of collar and total dry substance mass, in relation to produced seedlings with the diasporas just harvested. However, with the development of the seedlings, these differences did not remain and presented inferior as well as superior values, in relation to the previous evaluations. It is possible to keep the viability of diasporas of aroeira , for at least up to 30 months, and its vigor up to six months, with its storage in controlled chamber.
Processos educativos da Capoeira Angola e construção do pertencimento étnico-racial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-24)
Nogueira, Simone Gibran
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Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0888248915107906
The research question is: How and under what circumstances, Capoeira Angola´s teachings and learnings contribute to the construction of ethnic-racial belonging in Black professionals with university education? It seeks to identify positive contributions of Capoeira Angola for the construction of the ethnic-racial identity and the overcoming of difficulties in being a professional in an environment mostly white, adverse and hostile to Blacks, such as the university. Theoretical references of the research were based in literature in the field of Education and Psychology, such as: Black Psychology and African Psychology. In order to collect the data two Black angoleiros that made university were visited and detailed conversations was done. Well as, it was made a Circle of Conversations that count on with two mestres and three professores-mestrandos of Capoeira Angola, which contributed to a more collective understanding of how the ethnic-racial belonging can be built inside a group that cultivates African traditions. The study was conducted with inspiration in Phenomenology and data were analyzed based on meanings expressed by the participants. The research shows that Be Black in Brazil is very difficult, but the practice of Capoeira Angola promotes both the psychological health and the strengthening of ethnic-racial belonging both in Blacks and in Non-Black. This happens because the Capoeira Angola educational processes are an anti-racist pedagogy, which encourage both the learning to live in diversity and the learning to fight to transform the society in a place more just, equalitarian and democratic. Thus, it is clear those Capoeira Angola knowledges and their own ways to transmit it, can strengthen the implementation of policies of Affirmative Action in Brazil.
Desenvolvimento de programa livre para análise de pórticos tridimensionais considerando-se a não linearidade geométrica, fissuração do concreto e ligações semi-rígidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-25)
Cotta, Igor Frederico Stoianov
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2935520478737297
Structural analysis of framed structures using discrete method, wherein, splitting them into elements with simplified considerations, can bring not satisfactory results or end up using very high safety coefficient to the structure. With the growth of computing and microcomputers it is feasible the resolution of structures considering all parts, therefore three-dimensional. The scope of this work is to make a physical and geometrical non-linear analysis of three-dimensional framed structures with re-bar elements, which can be joined by monolithic or semi-rigid connection, that is commonly used in Precast concrete structures. In order to reach this aim, has been developed a free software using PASCAL language and structural matrix analysis, adding up concrete physical nonlinear analysis with Branson expression. The geometric non-linear was considered from a present Lagrangean formulation. In both cases, it was used the incremental loading technique, which showed a very interesting relation between the results. In order to consolidate the studied concepts and to validate the developed software, it was dedicated a special attention to the resolution of several samples, comparing them with the given results of other software and also with values from experimental analysis, specially for the semi-rigid connections