Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-10-28"

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Uma abordagem de reengenharia iterativa orientada a características para sistemas embutidos legados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-28)
Ramos, Marcelo Augusto
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9658172103612511
To reduce costs, to minimize risks, to anticipate deadlines and to optimize resources of new product designs it is recommended, whenever possible, to reuse artifacts of existing successful similar products. However, these artifacts must be of easy adaptation to meet the requirements of the new products with a few or no need of re-design or re-coding. This work describes a feature oriented iterative reengineering approach to concomitantly achieve both the revitalization of embedded legacy systems and the incremental creation of a core of reusable artifacts, to support the development of other similar systems, members of a product family. Such systems are generally small and pass through frequent maintenances to support the evolution of the hardware they integrate, accelerating the natural software degradation process. The accomplishment of a reengineering process can extend the life cycle of these systems, improving their structural properties for a better adaptation to changes. Agile principles and techniques are applied throughout the process, providing continuous interactions with the customer and deliveries of executable and tested partially modernized versions in short and frequent intervals, with documentation in appropriate level and prepared for future modifications. Software Product Line techniques are used for the domain modeling and for the design of generic software components. Its activities are accomplished without the need of code freezing or duplication and allow maintenances and interruptions at anytime, without prejudice of the enhancements already developed in all previously ended iterations. A case study is presented to exemplify the proposed approach in a real environment and to evaluate its results.
A seleção de atributos e o aprendizado supervisionado de redes bayesianas no contexto da mineração de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-29)
Galvão, Sebastian David Carvalho de Oliveira
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8178291602270601
The Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) techniques have grown from the need for obtain more information about the data stored by organizations, such as, enterprise companies and research institutes. Bayesian Networks (BNs) can be considered as a probabilistic reasoning based model to represent knowledge and are very adequate to KDD tasks. In the last years, Bayesian Networks (BNs) have been applied in many supervised and unsupervised learning successful applications. The process to induce BNs and Bayesian Classifiers (BCs) from data tries do identify a BN (or a BC) able to represent the relationship among the variables of a certain data set. However, this is a NP-complete problem and, thus, its search space may become very large in most applications. That is the reason why many algorithms explore some way to reduce the search space in order to make the learning process computationally viable. In this master s thesis a new Conditional Independence based approach to induce BCs from data is proposed and implemented. Such approach is based on the Markov Blanket concept in order to impose some constraints and optimize the traditional PC learning algorithm. Experiments performed with ten data sets revealed that the proposed approach tends to execute fewer comparisons than the traditional PC. The experiments also show that the implemented algorithm produce competitive classification rates when compared with both, PC and NaiveBayes
Desenvolvimento de ferramenta para apoio à gestão de resíduos de construção e demolição com uso de geoprocessamento : caso Bauru - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-29)
Oliveira, Daniele Meneghetti
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
Planejamento de transporte cicloviário urbano: organização da circulação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-30)
Teramoto, Telmo Terumi
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9838983945355641
The spatial organization of Brazilian cities and the organization of their transportation systems have been causing an uneven accessibility distribution among other issues. This unbalance is marked by the fact that people who use private motorized modes of transportation are the ones that have been benefiting the most while the ones that use non motorized modes have been experiencing the worst conditions. The knowledge about the motorized transportation is much more developed than the knowledge regarding cycling as a mode of transportation. As long as this kind of unbalance remains there will not be equity in the society areas related to transportation. The purpose of this research is to provide general data and the fundamentals to permit the comprehension of the urban cycling transportation characteristics and the ways of organizing the cycling space as well. By evaluating different ways of organizing this space this dissertation presents the ones that had the best results or the ones that have the best potential to favourable results and that are also generic enough to be adequate to a great number of Brazilian localities. Within the chosen objectives the discussions and propositions presented in this dissertation are focused on introducing the bicyclists inside the road system so it would be possible to them to go everywhere in the cities under adequate conditions. Therefore the search was for discussions and propositions that took the bicyclists needs into consideration avoiding the ones that could exclude the bicyclists. This dissertation is focused on ways of organizing the cycling space that are suitable to new urbanization projects but specially on the ones that can fit to the areas with established road systems. This research allowed the verification that urban cycling transportation can really occur in a more harmonious way with the others modes of transportation. The presented and evaluated propositions indicate that cycling transportation is not incompatible with the motorized transportation
Uso de conhecimento de senso comum na educação para geração de analogias e similaridades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-30)
Godoi, Muriel de Souza
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0999074599659982
The use of analogies is a cognitive strategy frequently adopted by learners when they want to understand some new concept. In that case, the analogy connects the new concept with the previous knowledge, attaching it in the learner cognitive structure. Some studies points out the use of analogies and previous knowledge of learners increases the learning material quality, stimulating the learners to use their cognitive strategies. Nevertheless, there are no studies about a way to enable both the use of analogies and learners previous knowledge to facilitate continued learning, mainly taking into account computational support for e-leaning. In this work it is presented a prototype of an on-line assistant to support a training course about workspace safety issues. The application uses a common sense reasoning engine and the Brazilian Open Mind common sense knowledge base, to make inferences about concepts that might be unfamiliar to the students. It is explored the use of analogies to explain topics, enhancing learning by using context capture to help students associate related topics. It is believed that common sense can be used to take into account cultural considerations while helping learners to build analogies. It is also explored the suggestion of analogies, which were build using commonsense knowledge, to the teachers during the project of instructional material design. Preliminary results with students using the assistant point that they considered analogies useful in the learning process, that the system is helpful in understanding new concepts, and that it helps connect the information searched for with common sense knowledge.
Aspectos da participação política e da atuação de entidades assistenciais num município de pequeno porte do interior paulista: o caso de Urupês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-30)
Crivelaro, Sérgio Henrique Rezende
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Francisco, José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330065027402518
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2427400590964671
This work aims to understand the organization of the political dimension of the small municipalities before the ideals of democracy and sustainability for public policy and planning. It starts with the hypothesis that the political dimension of the small municipalities is configured by 1) closer relations of sociability (such as mutual understanding, personality, friendship, neighborhood, kinship), 2) institutions of public character (on religious and assistance), 3) and the municipal administration itself (mainly represented by the figure of the mayor). The research strategy is based on the exploratory case study unique. As empirical object was selected Urupês municipality located in the northwestern region of São Paulo, Brazil. Through literature review, exploratory survey, direct observation, interviews, questionnaires and systematization of the data, the results confirm the hypothesis proposed and allow the following considerations: 1) the characteristics of sociability are important and provide channels of communication, participation and social representation to identify the demand and provision of public character, aggravating or benefiting the social and environmental conditions in the city, 2) lack a greater understanding of the role of each actor in society, 3) lack most effective communication not only formal between executive, legislative and judicial branches, 4) entities of public nature, especially of a religious and care nature, play an important role with regard to minimizing social inequalities. Thus, the characterization of the political dimension of the small municipalities proved to be very relevant to clarify possibilities and minimize contradictions for thinking about public policies for sustainable and democratic planning.
Transferência de tecnologia e gestão da propriedade intelectual em universidades públicas no Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-30)
Garnica, Leonardo Augusto
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1523273500954910
The importance of the technology management in Brazilian public universities has been increasing due to the great potential regarding technology transfer from those organizations to industries. After the Innovation Law in 2004, this point of view has been encouraged by the establishment of specific guidelines regarding intellectual property, technology cooperation with outside organizations and the role of universities in scientific and technological development, as a part of the Brazilian innovation system. In this context, the objective of this work was to understand how the public universities of the State of São Paulo structure their regulation of intellectual property and technology transfer processes for companies, as well as to identify forces and obstacles for that practice. The empiric part of the work consisted of five case studies in public universities located in the State of São Paulo, using exploratory and qualitative analysis. The universities studied were: University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo State University - Unesp, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) and Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). All the regulations of intellectual property that affect the technological management in those universities were researched, as well as information concerning patenting performance and technology commercialization, including interviews with university technology managers. In order to gain full understanding of how the technology transfer process happens, illustrative studies were carried out, using a contract from each one university (patent licensing or sponsor research contract) involving companies. The results of the work were divided in two categories. A first comparison of more restricted character involved illustrative studies of technology transfer of processes from the five universities. The second, a more in-depth approach, involved considerations concerning technology management in these universities. Regarding the first perspective, the results were shown as a schematic representation for each process, with similar indicatives in juridical-administrative terms. We also analyzed the relationship between the people involved in technology transfer and the characteristics of the organizations involved in it. As a general conclusion, it was noticed that formal technology transfer using intellectual property has been growing in the public universities of the São Paulo State. We could also observe that a process of physical and personnel structuring is taking place in all the cases and that all the universities concerned have intellectual property regulations. The comparative analysis carried out shows which universities are more actively involved in patenting and technology commercialization. The results also demonstrate and discuss the challenges that have been identified for the improvement of technology transfer in these universities. The main ones are: the spread of the intellectual property culture, technology evaluation, establishment and consolidation of best practices in management and international technology protection, as well as alignment of policies among the institutions which share and generate intellectual property.
Pesquisa-ação-participativa e a temática sócio-ambiental no processo de formação continuada de professoras da educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-31)
Sato, Tamy Aline
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Logarezzi, Amadeu José Montagnini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6153358744019882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9227984146109903
Na busca dos novos líderes: o processo de construção de candidaturas ao legislativo municipal – aspectos teóricos e um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-10-31)
Marques, José Elias Domingos Costa
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8158562235292503
This article subjects, under the prism of the neo-institutionalism studies, analyze the process of building of candidacies to the municipal legislative, which the political parties has an important paper in this process while institutional agents of control above the career policy. The research adopts the prospect of the rational choise to show the candidate as being result from the political encompassing the leaderships parties. The dissertation bodywork shares in two parts: one involving a theory work, approaching the most important researches about the subject; and like a case work, beyond a study of the candidate selection process on the two most important political parties of São Carlos city, during last two municipal elections (2000 and 2004).
Isolamento e caracterização da lectina camptosemina extraída das sementes de Camptosema ellipticum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-01)
Batista, Fernanda Aparecida Heleno
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Araújo, Ana Paula Ulian de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4910219035891668
Lectins are (glico) proteins of non immune origin able to cause cellular agglutination or precipitation of glicoconjugates. Legume lectin refers to plant lectins that are found exclusively in species of the Leguminosae family. A notable characteristic of legume lectins is that all their proteins share tertiary structure consisting of a jelly-roll motif, which is basically composed by β sheet, but present great variability the quaternary association. This variability is considered responsible for conferring different degrees of stability to the legume lectins. This work presents the isolation and characterization of the camptosemin, a protein of legume lectins family, isolated from seeds of Camptosema ellipticum, a plant that belongs to the Brazilian open pasture. Camptosemin found to be a tetrameric protein, whose protomers exhibits approximately 26 kDa. It was able to agglutinate erythrocyte of all ABO sanguineous types and it was showed high affinity for N-acetylgalactosamin carbohydrate. Spectroscopic assays have demonstrated that camptosemin is an extremely resistant protein against the thermal and chemical unfolding. Through the analysis of the unfolding curves and the refolding assays, a model of two states for the unfolding of the protein was proposed. According to this model, at the equilibrium, only presents native tetramers and unfolded monomers. The obtained values of Tm and are in agreement with the ones described for other lectins. G O H Δ 2
Ciborgue: a mente estendida de Andy Clark
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-07)
Molina, Suely Fernandes
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Teixeira, João de Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2242326545649886
The cyborg theme, concerning the combination of organisms and machines, has been extensively explored recently. In this text, the theme is once again discussed, first, through a brief historical overview and, then, through a shift in the paradigm, proposed by the philosopher of mind Andy Clark, known as Extended Mind or Activ Externalism: it s not necessary for a man to have implants or chips in his body, to receive a transplant or to use wearable computers to gain the status of cyborg. The human being is naturally a cyborg, because it has always incorporated tools that extend the mind. Therefore, there is a redefinition of the notion of mind, which frees it from the limits of the skull and extends it to the limits of human action, involving body, brain and world. The brain carries the fate of controlling this material mind, upon which its existence depends
O ensino do método Halliwick em cursos Lato sensu e interfaces com a educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-08)
Arzolla, Maria Cristina Dal Pozzo
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9883070744835433
Aquatic therapy is a method of prevention and rehabilitation of handicap. Its specialized learning methods enables motor training and independence in the fluid environment and, therefore, provides a better life quality to individuals. Among the methods used for water interaction with handicapped people, the Halliwick method encompasses a sequence of motor learning pleasurously and actively developed through music and games. With the expansion of aquatic therapy in Brazil, the Halliwick method has been taught in Improvement and Graduate programs in public and private universities. This study investigated the content and teaching method of the Halliwick in Lato sensu courses in the state of Sao Paulo. A qualitative research based on Dialectical Materialism was developed. The praxis category was used to direct the analysis and the confrontation with empiric categories, constructed a posteriori. The sampling involved 3 Lato sensu courses (shortterm graduate programs). Questionnaires were answered by students, and professors from these programs were interviewed, and so were international instructors from Improvement courses. Data were crossed by the Triangulation technique and systematized by Idea Association Maps. Results show that students need to redo the Halliwick method due to unsatisfactory number of hours of the course (16 hours), which presents superficial contents and excessive amount of exercises. Students consider that they need to feel safer with and have more experience in handling handicapped people in future interventions in fluid environment. We conclude that interactional methodologies allow for the compensation of the lack of experience by students and provide a systematization of a teaching procedure of the Halliwick method in graduate programs, defining a form that contributes, as a product, to the inclusion of handicapped people.
Competências essenciais na distribuição de carne bovina brasileira para a Europa : um estudo multicaso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-12)
Stamato Neto, José
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Alcântara, Rosane Lúcia Chicarelli
Due to its current dynamism and increasing importance in the Brazilian economy, the beef agri-chain in Brazil can be analyzed under different fields of strategy and business administration (corporate strategy, operations management) and marketing (differentiation of products, marketing channels). This research aims to join some of these different research areas, by studding core compences and marketing channels. The research was structured as a multi-case study with 3 of the main Brazilian exporting beef processors. The main objective of the research was the analysis of the core competences of some of the most important Brazilian beef processors, as well as the analysis of the marketing channels of the Brazilian beef in the European market, and to understand how the core competences impact the marketing channels in the European Union. The results of the research show that the Brazilian beef processors distribute their products through different marketing channels in the European Union. One of the companies distributes its products through the use of intermediaries (trading companies and distributors) in the marketing channels. Other beef processor has its own distribution structure in Europe, operating through joint-ventures with local distributors. The last researched company is migrating from the model based on the use of trading companies and distributors to the model of owning its distribution structure in Europe. The research mapped 25 resources, 23 capabilities and 19 core competences which support beef exports to the European Union. Most core competences were based in tangible resources, however the most important core competences which leverage Brazilian beef exports to European Union and impact the structuring of marketing channels in the European market are core competences based on intangible resources, such as: market knowledge, tradition/ reputation, brands and beef quality. These core competencies are sources of competitive advantage, since they allow Brazilian beef processors to gradually establish long term relationships in the marketing channels with their clients. These relationships allow Brazlian beef processors to to migrate from generic marketing channel models, based on the use of trading companies and distributors, to specific marketing channels, such as large supermarket chains in the European market.
Avaliação de aspectos da fragilidade ambiental para o ecoturismo no entorno da represa do 29‐São Carlos‐SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-20)
Silva, Mauricio Sanches Duarte
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Gonçalves, Adail Ricardo Leister
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3216914214741188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5714231393822905
The main objective of this research is to describe a methodology for the analysis of environmental impacts due to ecotourism activities, which can be easily employed by tourism managers and planners. The methodology uses multi-criteria evaluation, based in fuzzy logic, together with a Geographic Information System (SPRING) to treat information related to the variables that characterize an area and can influence its adequacy for ecotourism. The selections of the variables to be incorporated in the model for impacts assessment was based on the bibliography and are the ones most used in environmental impact studies including: topographic characteristics (declivity), pedologic characteristics (type of soil) and vegetation and land use characteristics. Other variables may be included in the analysis if the study area has some specific characteristics that deserve emphasis. In the case study, developed in the 29 Dam Region, in the city of São Carlos, SP, the methodology proved rather adequate for attaining the research objectives, allowing the spatial visualization of the results, expressed by classes of adequacy.
Sistemas elípticos com pesos envolvendo o expoente crítico de Hardy-Sobolev
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-20)
Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Silva
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Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9606661651573155
In this work, we will study the existence and nonexistence of positive weak solutions for two classes of elliptic systems with weights. The first class will involve nonlinearities of the type positone and semipositone. We will prove a strong maximum principle, and we will obtain some properties of the first eigenfunction of the eigenvalue problem associated to our operator, and also we will prove the sub and supersolution method. The second class will involve a nonlinear perturbation. We will use the variational methods to study the subcritical and critical situations, and under certain hypotheses, we will show the existence of a second weak solution.
Estudo químico de microorganismo associados a Khaya ivorensis (MELIACEAE)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-23)
Silva, Sebastião da Cruz
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5097476970597467
This work shows the isolation, identification of microorganisms from the species Khaya ivorensis and the identification of the pathogen that is attacking this plant on Bahia state (Brazil). In total seven strains of microorganisms from K. Ivorensis were isolated, but only six were identified. Two of them, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., were identified according to their characteristics macro and micro morphological structures vegetative and reproductive. Four fungi were identified by the regions ITS 1 and/or ITS 2 of DNAr, by its morphological and microscopic characteristics. In addition, the Blast of the sequences of these regions confirmed the presence of the Pestalotiopsis crassiuscula 96%, Phomopsis sojae 95%, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and its telemorfo Botryosphaeria rhodina 98%. Literature shows that Botryosphaeria rhodina is common in disease Canker in plant, similar occur in K. ivorensis, suggesting that this fungi is the pathogen in specie studded. After the identification of Khaya pathogen it was studded, yielding to isolation and identification of sixteen compounds from different classes: Des-methyl lasiodiplodin, lasiodiplodin, isocoumarin, two derivatives γ-butirolactones (4-propil-3-carbonyl-2- methyl-4-butanolideo and 4-propil-2-carbonyl-3-methyl-4-butenolideo), 11- hidroxijasmônic acid, 5-hidroximethylfurfural, tirosol, ergosterol, peroxido de ergosterol, steroids (stigmastenon, sitostenon and campestenon), nucleosídeos (5 - inosil, uridine e uracila), manitol and one triglycerides. Both derivatives γ- butirolactonas appear to be new in literature. The isolated compounds were identified by Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance 1D and 2D and Mass Spectrometry. The limonoids methyl angolenasate isolated in large amount from K. ivorensis symptomatic and 7- deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin isolated from Carapa guianensis, were bioassayed against the microorganisms Penicillium ssp., Phomopsis sojae and Botryosphaeria rhodina, in order to analyze if these fungi modify the structure of compounds. However, in some experiments were not observe any difference and in others, only hypothesis can be done by MS analyze. In a complementary study, compounds lasiodiplodin, ergosterol, 5 -inosil and mannitol were assayed as inhibitor of ATP synthesis, and only lasiodiplodin presented good results.
Aquisição e manutenção de comportamentos de leitura e fluência através de contingências de repetição oral e velocidade nos procedimentos de equivalência de estímulos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-24)
Zuliani, Giovana
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945424479031663
The studies described here are related to the acquisition of reading behaviors, and are based on the stimulus equivalence paradigm. The objectives of Study 1 had been to investigate if the incorporation of the repetition of an auditory stimulus, in a CRMTS procedure, would facilitate the acquisition of repertoires in dictated and would create reading behaviors. Also, to verify the effect of time intervals on the maintenance of repertoires acquired in trainings. Six participants had been trained in tasks of copy and dictated by construction of anagrams. The research software Mestre® was used throughout the study. In the copy task, after the presentation of a printed word, the experimenter emitted the name of the word and requested the repetition by the participant. In the dictated task, a word was dictated by the computer, and the participant had to repeat it. In these tasks, after the repetition, comparison stimuli were presented. Correct choices were followed by fiches and compliments. Incorrect choices produced the interval between attempts (IET). A set of 12 words was taught. In order to analyze the maintenance, three trained words were reserved and presented in the final test. As a result, the procedure favored the gradual acquisition of the dictated repertoire, as well as made the development of reading with understanding and receptive reading possible, and emergency of writing with understanding and expressive reading of trained and generalization words. During the final test, it was possible to observe standards of similar answers in the maintenance of the reserved words, in relation to the words tested immediately. The results had shown the acquisition of literal behaviors in relation to the words, and served as a base to the delineation of Study 2, which objective was to favor the acquisition and maintenance of reading of words and texts, in a fluent way. A version of the Mestre®, called Mestre2005 was used. An additional objective was to evaluate the maintenance of the repertoires, in relation to the accuracy and speed, 30, 60 and 90 days after the trainings. Trainings in MTS of receptive reading were presented. In this task, upon the word dictated by the computer, the participant was asked to repeat it, and after that, the comparison stimuli were presented. Correct choices produced an animation in the screen and compliments, and incorrect choices produced the IET of 1s. A set of three words was taught with accuracy criteria only. After criteria, the same three words were presented in the condition of accuracy and speed. In this condition, a contingency of time to the task of receptive reading was inserted. To each attempt, the latency was calculated automatically, favoring, thus, the modeling of fast answers, attempt by attempt. The criteria were correct and fast answers, therefore, fluent. A reading test was carried through, in which three texts with words of generalization and different levels of difficulty that had been presented before, during and after the trainings, and in the tests of maintenance of 30, 60 and 90 days. The objective was to measure the number of words correctly read per minute, in order to evaluate accuracy and fluency, and to verify if the procedure was effective to develop the reading of texts. The procedure of MTS combined with the speed was effective to develop behaviors of reading and fluency of words and texts, but only for the participants who possessed some repertoire of entrance. In this way, new inquiries on the incorporation of repetition and speed are suggested to favor the acquisition and maintenance of reading behaviors.
A eficácia do IPTU progressivo como instrumento de planejamento urbano : a experiência do município de Assis, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-25)
Floeter, Roberto de Almeida
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Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377643694463539
The research at issue broaches the application of progressive escalation in the County Real Property Tax (IPTU) of empty lots in Brazilian towns, the so-called Progressive IPTU collected in the county of Assis (SP) from 1977 to 2006. The urbanization and urban growth process which speeded up in Brazil from 1940 on and whose dynamics did not make any difference concerning geographical scales (large cities, average towns, small villages) reckoned upon the help of the main social, economical, and political agents involved in the production and sale process of the urban space, which left some distinguishing marks on Brazilian cities and towns such as the indiscriminate opening of new property developments, the boundless expansion of urban space, the precarious condition of low-cost dwellings, the banishment of the needy to the poor outskirts of cities and towns and the great amount of urban areas and lots left empty waiting for public investments and its following appreciation in value. One shows the considerable effort expended along the last forty years by organized sectors of society in favor of an urban reform and the introduction of various devices and means such as the Progressive IPTU into the Federal Constitution. The county of Assis (SP) is a remarkable case, for in 1977 it introduced a tax collection model to progressively levy county real property tax on empty lots, making it an effective means to achieve urban tax collection and planning. IPTU and its progressive quality became an important urban policy device in order to fight tax iniquities, to improve and to provide benefits and wealth to the population. Unfortunately, political changes effected in the county administration and political pressure put on by sectors linked to urban real property owners defaced that model and changed IPTU into a mere tax collection device, without pointing out its importance as a means to fight real property speculation and the implementation of the County Bylaws.
Análise da percepção das condições da infraestrutura dos pontos de ônibus oferecida aos usuários : um estudo de caso da cidade de São João da Boa Vista, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-26)
Bassi Filho, Raphael
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Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1957181824022952
This paper is the result from a research which has been done to identify the importance of the expected attributes inside a bus stop design: which are characterized by a system of information and by its framework (furnishings) which may offer to the passengers appropriate conditions during the time that are waiting to board. The variant which distinguish the attributes from the information system and the furnishings elements from the bus stop were selected from a huge amount of variable list through a bibliographic review. The importance of these variants was determined through the information process which has been gotten from the application of a research with the users of this system using the “Professed Priority Technique”. It was noticed that the bus stop features, which were favorite by the users, must offer safe and comfort conditions (seat with shelters), whose furnishings components refer to; and bus stop identification facilities (place identification advertisement) , when it is approached the information system. Subsequently the users prefer that the bus stop environment arranges others facilities (line identification; outline rout, clock, advertising picture and wastebasket). The final result will be able to contribute to a project definition which are bound for a bus stop betterment, giving a better importance to the increase of this kind of transportation demand.
Uma arquitetura de nomeação para a internet utilizando redes virtuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-11-26)
Sousa, Joelle Quaini
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Guardia, Hélio Crestana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1780902767520967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2594257783502353
Regarding new computational and networking requisites such as wireless networks, mutihoming interfaces, load-balancing mechanisms and several other middleboxes [1] present today, these facts, allied to the static and conservative nature of the Internet and its sheer size turn the capability to correct these problems an almost impossible attempt, as it demands structural changes. In the Internet inception, in the late 70th, neither mobility nor multihoming where foreseen in its original intents. In this sense, the proposition of a novel naming architecture for the Internet to identify univocally services and data, irrespective to its node characteristics, would have an acute changing effect and will allow its elements to be precisely represented and authenticated. In order to achieve these purposes, the use of Virtual Networks was considered as it allows the incremental introduction of new technologies, protocols and applications being itself a more viable alternative when compared to several failed attempts to introduce new structural changes to the Internet [2; 3]. A proposal for a taxonomy for Virtual Networks was described here as a result of a site survey that was conducted to function as subject to this architecture proposition. Besides, a literature investigation of related projects followed by a network testbed of several protocols originated the proposition of a Layered Naming Architecture for the Internet using Virtual Networks.