Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-12-19"

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Modificação microestrutural da liga Al-Si 380 conformada por spray com a co-injeção de partículas contendo fases intermetálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-19)
Bereta, Luiz Antonio
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8706833995243816
The aim of this work was to determine the microstructure and the mechanical properties of a spray formed Al-Si 380 alloy in different conditions as follow: co-injection of particles containing intermetallic phases, extrusion and heat treatment in the deposits. The wear resistance was also evaluated. The microstructure was determined as a function of two different composition applied in the co-injection, two processing routes (spray formed with or without extrusion) and two heat treatment condition (present or not). The composition of the co-injection particles was selected aiming to improve the formation of α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si instead of β-Al(Fe,Mn)Si intermetallic, with Thermocalc program. The microstructure of the deposit was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with microanalysis (EDS) and the length of the needle-like phases (-Al(Fe,Mn)Si) was measured. The processing condition that formed the smallest average length of the -Al(Fe,Mn)Si was extruded and heat treated. An extra heat was processed with Mg addition in order to improve the precipitation hardening. The samples were tested in tension at room temperature, 100 oC, 200 oC e 300 oC. The wear tests were carried out at a sliding speed of 0,48 m/s and at the load of 500g, 800g and 1000g, in a 2,5 mm diameter samples. The co-injection of the particles containing the α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si phase was effective in decreasing the β-Al(Fe,Mn)Si phase length and promote the increase of the elongation values. The artificial aging heat treatment was effective in increase the yield and ultimate tensile strengths without decrease significantly the elongation. The Mg addition promoted an additional increase of the yield and ultimate tensile strengths. The wear tests show that no statistical difference was observed among the evaluated samples, according to test parameters selected.
Extraterrestres: ciência e pensamento mítico no mundo moderno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-19)
Carlos, Daniel Pícaro
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0943450154094305
Terceiro setor, educação e juventude: um estudo sobre as práticas da Instituição de Incentivo à Criança e ao Adolescente (ICA) de Mogi Mirim-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Stort, Daniela Ribeiro
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5246820022433274
The present work aims to identify and analyze the practical of the Institution of Incentive to the Infant and to the Adolescent (ICA) of Mogi Mirim/SP, in what it has contributed (or not) for the consolidation of the neoliberal project in course in our country, and as that practice has influenced, and in which direction, for the formation of its public. Inaugurated in 1997, ICA attends at the present 203 infants and youths between 11 and 18 years. Like this, the research deals with the themes of the Youth and of the Education in the interior of the practices of an educational institution that is, also, a non governmental-organization and part of what being named "third sector". Initially, was done a bibliographical lift and a literature revision for each one of the themes, what supplied the parameters for the study proposed. Regarding the empirical field, were utilized different strategies of inquiry, to know: documentary search in the institution files, interviews with the social actors involved - administrative, educators and youths attended - and participant observation. To the light of the authors studied, certified that what been named as "third sector" participates of the reproduction of the social injustice with a talk in defense of the benefectoring and an ideology of the 'social responsibility generosity' that hides its functionality to the neoliberal State. In that context, the results here presented show the charity practiced by ICA, that has one of its foundations the adherence to the dominant ideology of the youths to which itself return: those arising from the poor and popular extracts. The action of the institution, at the same time guarantees some rights to the population attended, reproduces, of certain way, the economic, social inequalities and inherent politics to the capitalist output way and our structure social relations. Remain, of that way, the evidence of the "social question" as a challenge for the construction of the citizenship and of the democracy in a classes society.
Uma solução peer-to-peer para o gerenciamento da distribuição de dados baseada na arquitetura de alto nível HLA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Ferrari, Ricardo Cesar Câmara
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2442466255037066
Distributed and parallel simulations can be used to create virtual collaborative environments that involve human beings in applications of training, entertainment, etc. The High Level Architecture - HLA, developed by the Defense Modeling and Simulation Office (DMSO) of the North American Department of Defense - DoD and adopted by IEEE for modeling and simulation of high level, is a framework of simulation standardization that basically aims at the reuse and interoperability of/among simulations. The HLA comprises the following services: Federation Management, Declaration Management, Object Management, Ownership Management, Time Management and Distribution of Data Management (DDM). RTI (Run-Time Infrastructure) is the implementation of the interface specification of HLA, whose main objective is to separate the communication from the simulation. A version of the RTI (RTI kit version 1.3 from Georgia Institute of Technology - Georgia Tech) was installed in the cluster of the Computer Department of the Federal University of São Carlos. This version consists of a set of support libraries for real-time distributed simulation. The problem with this version of the RTI is that it has many limitations, such as lack of support for human interaction. In order to overcome these limitations, an architecture was developed and evaluated, as part of this work, that uses the JXTA platform to initiate federates (simulations) and federations (set of federates) at runtime web services. This architecture aims to manage the distribution of data among federates, one of the most important services for distributed simulations.
Atualização da rede GPS de São Carlos e a avaliação do método "PPP" em comparação com o ajustamento de redes geodésicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Pereira, Luiz Antonio
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Röhm, Sergio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
Atulim (2002) and Racanicchi (2003) had planned and implemented a geodetic GPS network in São Carlos city, which needed maintenance and revision. The proposals of this dissertation had consisted of: i) to bring up to date the GPS geodetic network in the city of São Carlos and to make it compatible with the SIRGAS2000 (Geocentric Reference System of Americas 2000), with new network adjustment and injunction in two geodesic vertices in the urban area of São Carlos, homologated by the IBGE after the implantation of the original geodetic network in 2003; ii) to evaluate and to compare the new results of the geodetic network coordinates obtained with the relative positioning through the tracking of artificial satellites, according to technology NAVSTAR/GPS and adjusted through the Least Squares Method, with results of coordinates obtained through the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Method, processed by PPP on-line services. Analyzing the results obtained in this dissertation, it was possible to evaluate that the application of PPP Method, since that followed the specific orientations of each on-line service used, takes care perfectly to the required to support of cadastral registry and location services for the most varied purposes, however it does not substitute yet other services that demand highest degree of accuracy only obtained with vectors and network adjustment with statistical control of processes that demand high computational activity.
Processo de conscientização do futuro professor de língua inglesa sobre as especificidades de se aprender inglês para ensinar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Emidio, Denise Elaine
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Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2749742550664412
This dissertation presents the results of an investigation about the consciousness development of pre-service EFL teachers, throughout their first year, that learning the language as prospective teachers is different from learning for general purposes (in language courses, for example). We have analyzed classes in an EFL teacher Education program that presents theory in the study of the target language (Content-based instruction - CBI) since pre-service teacher first year at the university. These undergraduate students carry (mis)beliefs, which cause them disappointment and resistance against the syllabus. However, in the end of the first year it is possible to notice the beginning of a consciousness process in some participants. Our study shows that the CBI is appropriate for EFL teacher education. Nevertheless there should be a smoother process of consciousness raising of students that they are in a different position than that of mere language learners, so that they can notice this new role by themselves
A internacionalização do P&D em empresas multinacionais e a formação de empresas de base tecnológica no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-21)
Barretto, Antonio Luiz Corrêa de Mattos
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4645682372457559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0958493062722153
This dissertation aims to evaluate technology spin-offs Brazilian economy in the context of internationalization of multinational companies. Since 1980, the multinationals modify its international production strategies stressing efforts in R&D and other high value-added activities and affiliated companies gain a more important role at the international strategy of the group. As an indirect result of the technological role of the affiliated in national economy technology spin-offs are an important subject that need to be more attention. This work analyses the chacteristics of spin-offs from different origins focusing on affiliated as the parent organization.
Análise da influência do porte, entre outros fatores, sobre vários aspectos da competitividade de manufaturas de calçados masculinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-21)
Silva, Sérgio Evangelista
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Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1883543392132055
This thesis has the purpose of analyzing the size and other factors of male shoes manufactories (denominated) MCMs about their relationship with externals elements (macro e microeconomic elements), on the configuration of internal elements (managerial system, Manufacturing, Sales and Marketing, Research and Development (R&D)) and reference elements (their performance attributes and performance objectives). This research uses the qualitative approach aiming the study of six big size MCMs and fourteen small size ones, all located in Franca, known as a leader cluster in male shoes manufacturing. The method used in this research was the multiple case studies and the related data were collected by interviews applied in these firms. Among the main results, it can be noticed that the size is an extreme important factor on determining the relationship of the MCMs with external, internal e reference elements. However, there were identified many other factors that play a relevant role in the MCMs competitiveness. Therefore, the main contributions of this research are: a wide review on competitiveness literature and proposal of its four perspectives; the proposal of a general model of firm relationship with the external, internal and reference elements; distinction between performance objective and performance attribute; a wide view of male shoes industry organization and the way its firms work; application of the general model of the firm relationship with the external, internal and references elements to the shoe industry
Comportamento de busca na internet: um estudo exploratório em salas comunitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-01)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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Abe, Veridiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
Estudo sobre o comportamento de busca de informação dos usuários das salas de Internet existentes em duas instituições numa cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, que promovem o acesso gratuito à comunidade, assim contribuindo ativamente ao processo de inclusão digital. A análise do comportamento de busca de informação dos usuários visou identificar a estratégia global de busca empregada, compreendendo a utilização da sintaxe e semântica de busca, as fontes de informação e os usos da Internet. Foram aplicados 61 questionários com perguntas fechadas e abertas e os resultados permitem afirmar que os usuários possuem pouca familiaridade com a Internet, efetuam em média 1 a 2 buscas e empregam poucos termos na formulação da expressão de busca, ainda que recuperem as informações que necessitam.
O político na argumentação de um processo de injúria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-07)
Garcia, Marília Achete Junqueira
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5574133243424236
This research, intitled Designation and Argumentation in an Injury Process, is directed to an analysis of the argumentative movements in a process characterized as injury in which the designations trim diferent discursive memories of each enunciative occurency and in which the subjects division in the enunciation mark the division of each enunciative scene of the process, supporting by the argumentative operators to direct the argumentation meanings, since these meanings constitute the meanings of the text, as they trim certain interdiscursive regions. Thus, this research has as theoric aparate the Guimarães studies, and, then, institutes itself in the theoric-metodologic perspective of the Semântica Histórica da Enunciação and the Semântica Argumentativa. The process was estabilished after the denounce of a black police woman, who works at the Câmara Municipal de São Carlos, after hearing from her superior the department chef enunciations containing ofensive designations to her color and to her job. Aiming to analyse how the argumentation is built in the process and, consequently, how its meanings are constituted, considering that the argumentation is a process of the político, in a first moment is verified in which way the signos constitutive of the ofensive statements are valued by the interlocution subjects from the investigation of the social-historical values that get through the designations, supporting on, for this, in the Bakhtin and Guimarães theories. After being verified that the designations meanings are being constituted as injurious, I considered that it occurs the dissenso , defined by Rancière as the division of the sensible world that become the argumentation possible, and, because there is the dissenso, this space division in which occurs the enunciations, I get the conception that every process space of enunciation is político, is divided. Thus, is developed, at this moment of the research, the definition of polític, built by in his text Semântica do Acontecimento, since the político will get through all the enunciative relations of the legal text (the process, the law), and develop the concepts of temporalidade and acontecimento. But, because I consider that the dissenso estabilish the division, beggining the litígio, that I analise, firstly, in this chapter, the concepts of política and polícia drawned by Rancière. After being verified that the enunciation space of the process is political and ruled by a normativity, in which the subjects are ruled by its rights to enunciate and to the ways to enunciate, this means, conidering the reffered coertions of the ennciative space of the process, are drawned in the following chapter the manner of enunciability of the Manual Law Manual and in which way the discursive memory interacts to the construction of legal statements into the interdiscursive way, being supported by authours as Pêcheux, Orlandi et al. In the last chapter, at first are followed Ducrot and Anscombre steps, concerning to the argumentation for it, than, being developed and applyied the theories about enunciation and argumentation elaborated by Guimarães, having as the main focus the role of the argumentative operators in the construction of the argmentation meanings in the process
Especificidades do uso do inglês (LE) na área técnica empresarial : a relação entre necessidades, planejamento de curso e material didático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-09)
Lopes, Jaqueline
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Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8817452243169934
This study presents a comparison of the English as a Foreign Language courses offered at two companies. Our purpose is to evaluate what is the treatment of the language use specificities in these companies employees peformance of their functions in their daily work routine. We discuss the key role of needs analysis in the design of effective LSP courses, as stated by Hutchinson and Waters (1984, 1987) and Dudley-Evans and St John (1998), among other reserchers in the field. Our data analysis shows how important it is that professionals who decide to work in this area search for solid theoretical information on this fruitful and progressive branch of EFL/ESL, more specifically. Our study can provide initial theoretical basis for those language teachers, especially the ones working with EFL,who wish to be introduced or to obtain
Seleção de supervisor e diretor escolar no município de Piracicaba: racionalidades burocráticas ou tendências patrimonialistas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-10)
Piccoli, Denise Fujihara
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169735705679214
This dissertation searched to analyze be the selection of a school principal a supervisor that was implemented after the fundamental teaching municipalization in the 90 s. Therefore, it was taken as empiric base the developed actions in a city from São Paulo state from 1999 to 2006. To emphasize the progressive alternation in the recruitment of these public servants, there s a public contest of tests and titles made in São Paulo. The objective was to understand how the city organized to select supervisors and school pricipals, and how it was happened. Therefore, a group of people had participated somehow of these choices could supply the essential information for the study development. For uderstanding the measured of these selections it was based in impersonal, candidate s professional knowledge and the execution of the abstract norms established or reaffirmed the beginnings a political culture based in patrimonialism and in clientelism, characteristics of the brazilian state
Metabolismo antioxidativo, biotransformação hepática e alterações histológicas de matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus, SPIX & AGASSIZ, 1829, CHARACIDAE) exposto ao fenol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-10)
Avilez, Ive Marchioni
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Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2292046989281781
Pollution is nowadays a problem that affects all environments, including the freshwater and the species living in there. Among them, under the ecotoxicological point of view, fish are a relevant group and the biggest among vertebrates. Phenol is an exogenous chemical usually present in concentrations higher than those allowed by law. Phenol is an organic lipophilic xenobiotic that cause toxic effects even at low concentrations and its presence in freshwater results from discharge of industrial efffluents. The aim of the present study was to determine the phenol effects 1) in the liver and red blood cells antioxidant metabolism, 2) in the liver biotransformation (phase I and II), 3) in the brain acetylcholinesterase plus recovery of 1 and 2 weeks and 4) in gills, liver and kidney, under the histopathological point of view, in matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, a freshwater teleost from Amazon basin, which is being widely cultivated in Sao Paulo state. For such, three assays were done. Firstly, the phenol LC50 was determined for 96 hours. Second, the exposition to phenol was carried out for 96 h to determine its effects on gills, liver and kidney. At last, an experiment of exposure for 96 h, followed by recovery for one and two weeks, was carried out to determine its antioxidant effects on the liver and on the red blood cell metabolism (vitamin C, SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and G6PDH); on two liver biotransformation phase I (EROD and ECOD) and phase II activities (UDPGT and GST) and brain acetylcholinesterase activity. The LC50 to phenol was 17, 40 mg/L, showing that matrinxã is a very sensitive species to phenol. From this, the phenol concentration used in all experiments was 2 mg/L. Histopathology observations showed that phenol affected harder the gills than liver and kidney, causing apical and total fusion of the secondary lamella plus blood congestion and sub epithelial edema. In the liver diameter increase of the sinusoidal capillaries and blood stasis was observed. In the kidney, phenol caused an increase of the space between glomerulus and capsule. A hematocrit increase was observed in fish exposed and recovery for one week. These results, associated to gill lesions, suggested that matrinxã endured a reduction in oxygen absorption. Erythrocyte antioxidant metabolism did not suggest that matrinxã exposed to phenol was under oxidative stress. Only G6PDH activity was increased during exposure, while CAT activity was decreased in matrinxã s erythrocytes. Also, oxidative stress was not observed after recovery. The antioxidant metabolism in liver was not affected after exposure, but after recovery, as it is suggested by the increase of GPx activity after first week of recovery followed by its decrease after second week. Hepatic G6PDH also decreases after the second week. These results corroborated the hepatic biotransformation data, which was increasing in the EROD and ECOD activities. The occurrence of oxidative stress only after the recovery may be ascribed to the increase in the hepatic biotransformation enzymes of the phase I, wherein the ERO production occurs. Moreover, phenol might have an inhibitory effect on phase II enzymes after phenol exposure, as suggested by UDPGT and GST activities decreases. Phenol was capable of inhibiting UDPGT activity in vitro, an effect not observed with GST activity. An inhibition of EROD and ECOD activities should be happened after exposition. The brain AChE activity was also inhibited after phenol exposure, regaining the control values after recovery. However, the vitamin C concentration increased after exposure and recovery, while a persistent decrease was observed in the liver after exposure and recovery. These results demonstrated phenol toxicity to matrinxa and the need of limit matrinxã exposure to this xenobiotic.
Um processo ágil de engenharia de requisitos com apoio de padrões de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-10)
Toledo, Daniel Eduardo Funabashi de
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5249844102520064
Requirements engineering has evolved historically connected to the waterfall process model of system development. For agile processes its value continues to be essential to develop systems that really satisfy the customer needs. The iterative process model with high interaction with the customer is the key to preserve its importance. Organizational and requirements patterns can be used to guide the requirements engineer to obtain efficient processes to develop systems following principles and approaches of agile development. In the context of a real systems development organization a proposal of an agile process for system development iteratively and interactively using organizational and requirements patterns has been formulated and evaluated in a real case study. This proposal has been modeled in the SPEM meta-model and considers advancing the application of software metrics to the requirements phase in order to better plan following iterations. The team that worked in the evaluation has been recruited internally in the organization and the author of the proposal and of this dissertation has also been a member of the organization. He trained his colleagues and followed and recorded the evaluation conducted. A questionnaire has been formulated and applied to the team and the results of this application are reported here. Some of the characteristics of the proposed process have been incorporated to the organization systems development practice and some are being considered for incorporation with the necessary adaptation. These are here commented together with the team opinion about the SPEM modeling and advanced application of software metrics.
Estudo da eletrodeposição de ligas Fe-Ni-Mo e Fe-Ni-W com aplicações tecnológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-16)
Sanches, Luciana Schmidlin
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6402638600792511
This paper reports a study on the electrodeposition of alloys Fe-Ni-Mo and Ni-Fe-W, the physical characterization and application in the reaction of hydrogen (RDH). The process of deposition and dissolution of alloys were studied by cyclical voltametric to determine the region of potential characteristic of the deposition and dissolution. The electrode used in the voltametric studies was platinum disc in solution of sodium citrate 0.2 mol / L at pH 5.0 and 8.0 on the grounds of concentration of ions Fe:Ni:Mo and Fe:Ni:W, 1:1:1, 1:10:1, 10:1:1, 10:10:1 and 10:10:2. The results of the voltametric analysis indicated the presence of well-defined peaks of dissolution for the alloy at high concentrations of Fe and Ni. Analysis of MEV, EDX, XPS and AA were used to characterize the alloys at pH 5.0 and 8.0. The morphology of materials containing Mo and W present the general structure globular, with the exception of alloy Fe-Ni-W obtained in the ratio 10:10:1 and pH 8 which is flat. Change occurs not linear in the size of a grain of these materials with the variation in the pH. These results of EDX indicated the presence of a smaller amount of oxygen in materials obtained in the base, and these were the deposits that had best results for RDH. The alloy with 80.6% Fe, 14.9% for Ni and 4.5% of W was presented to the best catalytic activity to RDH and a overpotential to -135 mA cm-2 of -142 mV. The XPS analysis showed that for alloys Fe-Ni-W deposited in the base occurs deposition of W (0), and the alloys Fe-Ni-Mo the ions molybdenum are reduced first to a mixture of oxides of molybdenum (IV ) and (V), forming an intermediary, which is thereafter reduced to Mo in metallic alloys. The analysis of AA alloys showed that the Fe-Ni-Mo electrodeposited in acidic environment have increased thickness which alloys in the base, being Fe-Ni-Mo obtained in acidic average thickness of 28.5 m to alloy Fe-Ni-Mo , and a thickness average of 13.3 m in the basics.
Uma investigação sobre a prática pedagógica: refletindo sobre a investigação nas aulas de matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-24)
Abreu, Maria das Graças dos Santos
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6276753402517432
This research, of qualitative approach, was done in State public schools and private ones of the city of Campinas SP. It is about a research of my own practice that seeks to comprehend the changes occurred in practice inside of an exploratoryinvestigative task accomplishment context during the Mathematics classes. These tasks are work proposals in which students explore an open situation, look for regularities, formulate problems, create conjectures, discuss and communicate written or orally their own conclusions. This study, that has a perspective towards to the researcher own professional practice, tries to analyze and comprehend how the professional process is performed in an environment of exploratory-investigative tasks and the interpretation of my own practice in a context of investigative classes. The investigation was guided by the question: What are the contributions that a work with exploratory-investigative tasks gives to the process of reflection of my own practice and to the transformation of some teaching and student knowledge? The required documentation to the study were constituted of: Written records of the students, gathered in different moments of my professional path; written records of the teacher-researcher, organized in a narrative form, that fulfill the purpose of a field diary; audio records of two work groups and of a socialization class of the results. The development of this work was divided in three parts: The first of them presents the methodology chosen for the development of the research, the data and a professional narrative of the teacher s professional background, since the period of an Elementary student, the Graduation, the first years of teaching and the come back to the University for the Master s Degree; The second part presents the theoretical references about teacher s development, teaching knowledge, teacher-researcher and teacher researcher of its own practice also presents an abstract that pursuits the differences and closeness between problem solving and the mathematical investigations; the third part presents the analyses of the gathered data and centered in three categories: (a) the guidance/interaction performed by the teacher; (b) student s acquired autonomy; and (c) the Mathematics class as an epistemological place of knowledge production. In the final part of this research we find the reflections produced by the teacher due to the narrative productions, from the performed studies and collected material analyzes. The results point to the importance of the teacher s research about its own practice that in this movement of investigation of his/her part inside the classroom, finds him/herself investigating his/her own world, searching him/herself, discovering him/herself, putting him/herself together with the students in order to reflect and review the already acquired knowledge, converting them into new knowledge and producing new knowledge to yourself and to other Mathematics teachers. It also presents the student s development regarding the investigation tasks, pointing out that this model of work offer opportunities for participating with an individual and group collection; autonomy to the creation and development of Mathematics
Caracterização dos quimiorreceptores de O2 envolvidos no controle dos reflexos cardio-respiratórios de trairão, Hoplias lacerdae (Teleostei, Erythrinidae) em resposta à hipóxia ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-24)
Micheli, Mariana Andrade de
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Rantin, Francisco Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3546242299713690
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7871812883659034
The ability to sense and respond to oxygen availability in the environment is of extreme functional importance for fish. This is even more so in tropical freshwater habitats where environmental hypoxia can occur rapidly in space and time. Recent physiological studies on the cardio-respiratory response of tropical fishes have focused on hypoxia tolerant species. This aim of this study was to examine the neural control and function of the cardio-respiratory system in a fish that is adapted to living at high levels of oxygen. Trairão, Hoplias lacerdae was chosen because it is a member of the Erythrinidae family, in which most of species are hypoxia tolerant, including some where the O2 receptors has already been characterized. The study focused on investigation of the localization, distribution and orientation of chemoreceptors of O2 in trairão. Also how the cardio-respiratory parameters were modified by hypoxia. The fish were submitted to selective denervations of the branchial branches of the cranial nerves IX and X. These were, (1) only IX nerve sectioned at the 1st gill arch (IX; n = 9), (2) first gill arch both IX and branch of X sectioned (G1; n = 9), (3) all four gill arches both IX and X sectioned (G4; n = 8), (4) a control group (n = 8) and (5) a sham-operated group that underwent surgery but no nerves were sectioned (n = 4). A cannula was inserted into the ventral aorta to monitor changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Ventilation rate and amplitude was also monitored with a cannula through the roof of the buccal cavity. The fish were exposed to a gradual hypoxia from 140 to 10 mmHg. Either the internal and external surfaces of the gill were treated with NaCN to determine the receptors orientation. Results showed that the receptors related to the heart rate control and ventilation amplitude were distributed over all gill arches on both the internal and external surfaces, and the branches of the both nerves IX and X were involved in these responses. This pattern differs from that observed for the ventilation rat. The receptors involved in the control of this response are located internally to the first gill arch. Tairão also showed blood pressure control chemorecptors on the first gill arch, involved in a very efficient barostatic control. Extrabranchial O2 chemoreceptors were not identified in trairão. This differs from the hypoxia tolerant fish, where extrabranchial chemoreceptors are important to start the cardio-respiratory responses the most fast and accurate possible
Certificação de frutas no Brasil: influências na coordenação e gerenciamento das cadeias de suprimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-25)
Santos, Renata Romaguera Pereira dos
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5237176563928529
The fruit certification in Brazil is a strategy adopted by the supply chain as a means of generating value and reduction of informational asymmetries between buyers and sellers. This strategy comes as a demand result from consumers for safer products and products of superior quality. It is also influenced by the possibility of paying higher prices and conquer of the increasingly competed markets as a result of globalization. The adoption of this strategy creates the need for greater interaction between the players of the chains, influencing the coordination and management of them, through the adoption of governance structures that allow reduction of transaction costs involved in such chains. The main objective of the study was to identify whether these governance structures are influenced by the agent of regulatory certifications, analyzing cases of private initiatives (GO Carrefour, EurepGap, TNC), of public and private initiative (PIF) and initiative of NGOs (Organic and Fair Trade). The study was executed through multi-case studies with producers, distributors and agents directly involved in the fruit certification process, faced with the theories of New Institutional Economics and Supply Chain Management. The conclusion to which it comes from the study is that coordination and management of the chains are not necessarily influenced by the initiative of the regulatory agent, but are a result of the market to which the certificate is intended and the institutional environment in which each certification is inserted.
Preparação dos eletrodos óxidos cerâmicos para aplicação em filmes finos do tipo Pb1-xCaxTiO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-25)
Zampieri, Marcelo
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6834951349421487
In this work the compounds LaNiO3 (LNO) and La0,5Sr0,5CoO3-δ (LSCO) were synthesized for application as oxide electrodes in thin films and the compound Pb1-xCaxTiO3 (PCT10) was synthesized as a material with a ferroelectric property. These compounds were synthesized by the Polymeric Precursor Method. This method makes the synthesis in aqueous medium possible, in the open air, using easily available reagents. The thin films were deposited for spin coating on substrates of Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si. The thermic treatment temperature for the crystallization was of 700°C for 2 h, using Air and Oxygen atmospheres, separately. The structural and morphological characterization of the films presents a transition from tetragonal phase to pseudocubic in accordance with the base electrode used. Electrical measurements for the PCT10 film crystallized in Air, showed dielectric constant of 166 for PCT10 deposited on Pt, 189 for PCT10 deposited on LNO and 112 for PCT10 deposited on LSCO. And the values of dielectric loss, measured at 100 kHz frequency, were 0,018, 0,023 and 0,189, respectively. For films annealed in Oxygen atmosphere these values were 627 for PCT10 on PT, 503 on LNO and 534 on LSCO. And the values of dielectric loss were 0,031, 0,089 and 0,122, respectively. Values of remaining polarization (2Pr) for films annealed in Air were of 11,38 μC/cm2 for PCT10 on Pt, 7,69 for PCT10 on LNO and 11,35 for PCT10 on LSCO and coercive field (Ec) 257,18, 187,11 and 217,18 kV/cm, respectively. The fatigue measurements presented a high degradation for films annealed in Air after 108 cycles and a very good performance for films annealed in O2 with emphasis on film of PCT10 deposited on LNO wich did not show fatigue after 108 cycles of polarization. These results suggest the viability of the oxide electrodes for ferroelectric films.
Gerenciamento de requisitos no ambiente Cocar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-29)
Thommazo, André Di
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6671188693231155
The objective of this work was to implement an initial version of a development support environment, based on the Use Case Model, named COCAR. The conception and the features of this environment are the result of several master papers. In the scope of this work, the main subject under study has been requirement management, although concerning its implementation, functionalities related to other previous works have also been contemplated. This environment prop up a few software development tasks, aiming at leveling up qualitity throughout the process. It is well know that one of the principal characteristics related to software product quality is that the product should meet the user requirements. In requirement engineering, the comunication between the user and the developer is stated in the Requirement Document and based on it, the requeriment can be modelled, for instance, by means of the Use Case Model. Despite the efforts invested in gathering requirements with the user, it is know that they are very likely to be ammended during the development process. A fundamental factor for the maintainance of the overall quality is that such modifications to the requirements occur in a monitored and foreseeable way. The ability to describe and follow a requirement life-cycle within the software development process is denominated requirement traceability. As the requirement document represents what binds the user and the developers, if traceability is obtained from that point onwards, the quality of the development process tend to increase and this permits monitoring since its earliest phases. This paper contribution to the implementation of the environment COCAR, includes features such as: registering the requirement of a system, generating of a Use Case Model, requirement management (mainly what concerns traceability between the Requirement Document and the Use Case Model), providing traceability metrics found in academic literature and the possibility of determining the relationship between the requirements. Based on the data provided by the tool, it is easy to perceive that they are highly relevant to any system development planning or following up, which can be an important pragmatic contribution to the improvement of software development and software products.