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Expansão dos condomínios horizontais e loteamentos fechados em São José do Rio Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-19)
Barroso, Luiz Fernando de Lemos
;
Francisco, José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0330065027402518
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8126379589269614
In the last fifty years there has been a high exodus rural in Bazil and from the last decades of the last century are witnessing the exodus urban classes of the better income out of the center, seeking enclosed spaces, which seek to protect and isolate whether the unwanted (violence, poverty, insecurity etc), creating private island of privileges. This research aim is to study the dynamics of production and expansion of gated communities, having as a study case the city of São José do Rio Preto, which presents a dynamic of vertiginous growth of gated communities in their urban area (48 gated communities). The main is to study the production of the businesses, understand their origins, evolution, causal relationship of that production and analyze the specific laws.
Federalismo e reforma tributária no governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1994-2002)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-20)
Colombo, Luciléia Aparecida
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421549755358841
Nowadays, the flux method is one of the most widely used techniques promote growth of YBa2Cu3O7-ä single crystal superconductor. By using the material in a melted state, the reactions due to temperature are possible. To prepare single crystal superconductors of the family Y-Ba-Cu-O, a long period of time is necessary to melt the material in adequate conditions. In order to do this a satisfactory performance of the crucible is required; it must be resistant to any kind of chemical attack. In this work some materials used were investigated in crucibles. Platinum, gold (noble metals), oxides like Al2O3, ZrO2 showed problems when used in processing Y123 superconductors. To avoid this problem the zirconiaytria system is largely applied. Some authors have investigated the SnO2 crucible, but they found problems related to the densification of the SnO2. Recently, it was discovered that SnO2 can be densified without liquid phase, showing 99,7% of the theoretical density when sinterized up to 1300°C. Then, this condition was used to produce crucibles by slip casting to form the YBa2Cu3O7-ä single crystal superconductors without contamination. It was observed, in a first instance, that SnO2 crucibles are resistant to chemical attack of the flux that is rich in barium and copper. During the process it was observed an interface wall between the vial and the flux formed by BaSnO3. This protection is formed after heat treatment at 1025°C during 4, 17 and 24 hours. By increasing the treatment time (up to 24 hours), it was observed that the wall thickness increased too and it was possible stablish a relation between treatment time/thickness wall (that defines the resistance of chemical attack). This enabled the determination of the SnO2 crucible resistance to corrosion, under the flux condition. The second part of this work involved the Y123 single crystal growth. After produced, they were analysed by x-ray diffraction and SEM with microanalysis in cross sections of the crucibles to observe the BaSnO3 interface. It was observed that single crystals were not contaminated by tin, and they were analyzed through measuring magnetization vs. Temperature. The single crystal showed a critical temperature (Tc) around 90,5K with a transition width (Tc) around 19,5K before treatment with an oxygen flux at 450°C. After seven days of a second treatment under the same conditions, the Tc was increased to 92K with a decreasing to 4,5K in Tc. The results showed that SnO2 vials are resistant to BaO-CuO flux and appropriate to single crystal growth in YBa2Cu3O7-ä superconductors without external.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos em fluxo para a determinação de Captopril, Dipirona e Paracetamol envolvendo multicomutação e inibição da quimiluminêscencia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-20)
Oliveira, Geiser Gabriel de
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504190570083114
In the present work, analytical procedures were developed using the multicomutação concept and inhibition of the chemilumenescence for the pharmaceuticals determination, such as, captopril, dipirona and paracetamol. For the control of the analysis module and acquisitions of data a microcomputer was used Pentiun 233 MHz equipped with an electronic interface (PCL - 711S), through programs in language Lab - View 7.0. The detection module consists of a cell of flow of polyethylene (in spiral) of 100 cm, a silicon fotodiodo (OSD-50E) and an electronic device (I model FAC 500), for the conditioning and amplification of the signs chemiluminescents. The analytical procedure was used for captopril determination in pharmaceutical formulations, the system bases on the inhibition of the sign chemiluminescence, between the luminol and the hypochlorite of sodium, when inserting the drug in the system. The analytical curve obtained was linear from 7,5 x 10-6 to 1,0 x 10-4 mol L-1 and detection limit was 9,0 x 10-7 mol L-1 with an analytical frequency of 180 h-1. The same system was used for dipirona determination, that system bases on the oxidation of the dipirona for the hexacianoferrate (III) of potassium, that is the catalyst of the reaction among the luminol-H2O2 happening like this the decrease of the sign quimiluminescente. The analytical curve presented a lineal strip of 1,0 x 10-4 to 9,0 x 10-4 mol L-1 with limit of detection of 9,0 x 10-5 mol L-1 obtaining an analytical frequency of 215 h-1. The studied analytical procedure, for the paracetamol determination in pharmaceutical formulations bases on the consumption of the reagent in excess of hypochlorite of sodium for the drugs, happening from that way to the decrease of the magnitude of the analytical sign. After the optimization of the system it was obtained a lineal strip of answer of 5,0 x 10-6 to 9,0 x 10 -5 mol L-1 with a limit of detection of 2,35 x 10-6 mol L-1 and a frequency of sampling of 180 determinations per hour. In the procedures quimiluminescentes involving multicommutation system stands out the bass consumption of reagents as well as a good analytical frequency.
L-Histidina induz déficit estado dependente na evocação da memória em camundongos reexpostos ao labirinto em cruz elevado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-21)
Serafim, Kelly Regina
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8930329663162350
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of L-Histidine (a histaminergic precursor) on anxiety and memory retrieval in mice using the elevated plus maze (EPM). The test was performed on two consecutive days. On the first day (T1), the animals received an i.p injection of saline (SAL) or L-Histidine (LH), 40 minutes before the test at dose of 200mg/kg and 500mg/kg. The following experimental groups were formed: SALSAL (n=10-11); SAL-LH (n=10-10); LH-SAL (n=10-13) and LH-LH ( n=10-15). Testing begun by placing the subjects on the central platform of the maze facing an open arm and test sessions were 5 min in duration. A similar procedure was carried out for animals in the retest condition (T2) (i.e prior maze experience). During the test we analyzed behavioural parameters that comprised both conventional and ethological measures. All sessions were video-recorded by a camera positioned above and ~50 ° to the maze. Conventional measures were the frequencies of total, open (OAE) and closed arm entries, time spent in open (OAT) and closed (CAT) and central parts (CT) of the maze, and its respectively percentage %OAT, %CAT and %TC. Ethological measures comprised frequency scores for rearing; head-dipping (Dip) and stretched-attend postures (SAP). No significant differences were found, at the 200mg/kg dose, in open arm entries (Kruskall-Wallis; P= 0,1537) and open arm time (Kruskall-Wallis; P=0,824;), and at 500mg/kg dose no significant differences were observed in OAE and OAT [F(1,48)= 43,56; 13,01, p< 0,05, respectively) between the Sal-Sal and LH-LH groups in T1, indicating that L-histidine had no anxiolytic effect. At 200mg/kg dose a decreased of OA entries was observed for the SAL-SAL (Wilcoxon; P=0,017823), SAL-LH (Wilcoxon; P=0,00021) and LH-SAL (Wilcoxon; P=0,007) groups and in the OA time only for the SAL-SAL (Wilcoxon, P=0,0166) and SAL-LH (Wilcoxon; P=0,0284) groups. At the highest dose the LH-Sal group reduced open arm time and entries ([F(1,48)= 13.01 and 43.56; p<0.05) on the second trial, indicating that acquisition and storage was not affected by LH. Further, the LH-LH group did not reduce exploration time of the open arms during re-exposure, in both days indicanting an inability to evoke memory. No alteration in the locomotor activity represented by CAE was observed (p>0,05). Regarding a ethological behaviors, in both doses, the frequencies of Dipping was decreased (p<0,05) in the reexposure. In both treatment, the LH-LH group did not reduce the ratio of SAP during the retest, indicative of failure to evoke memory (p<0,05). Therefore, our results indicating that LH did not show anxiolitic effects but induces a state-dependent memory retrieval deficit in mice
Treinamento de habilidades sociais para pais de crianças com queixas escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-21)
Barros, Sibely Karina da Silva Nogueira de
;
Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
The relation between learning disabilities and school subjects can be easily seen by lay people as well as by professionals and students in the area. Besides this relation, literature has shown that a child s family environment, mainly the parents, play an important role in either strengthening or weakening social skills and study habits. This research was aimed at testing the effects of a training program in educational social skills for parents on their children s school performance. The present study involved 15 parents whose children, 1st 8th graders from public and private schools, were denominated by their children as having scholl problems. Parents were divided randomly in an Experimental Group (N=8) and a nonequivalent Control Group (N=7). The training program in social skills for parents was structured in thirteen sessions which took place once a week, each lasting approximately 120 minutes, in a Psychology Clinic located in a town in the state of São Paulo. Instruments of direct and indirect verification were used to evaluate behavior: filming, Checklist for parents and Test of School Performance ( Teste de Desempenho Escolar , TDE-Stein, 1994). The study was divided into four stages: (a) initial evaluation; (b) intervention; (c) final evaluation; and (d) follow-up after six months. Descriptive statistics was used to present data and content analysis was used to interpret the results, especially with regards to its clinical relevance and social acceptance. Results suggest that there has been an increase in social skills reported by the parents and an improvement in their children s school performance after intervention. Parent s social skills seem to have contributed positively to the reduction of their children s school problems. Parents who are highly involved in their children s lives can behave in desirable manner with regards to helping in school chores, as well as serving as good models in social and academic situations, which in turn help improve children s social and academic skills. The training program in social skills for parents has proved to be an effective method to solve interaction problems, especially those related to the school problems complaints on the school performance and/or related to the social interactions in classroom. These results also demonstrate the importance of positive involvement from both parents on their children s social-emotional development and school performance and the necessity of training programs for parents.
Identificação de áreas prioritárias para a conservação da biodiversidade na Microrregião Geográfica de Erechim, RS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-21)
Maia, Roberta Malinowski
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2331284394284548
The high deforestation rate of the tropical forests is considered a great challenge to the conservation programs. The reduction of the original size of the natural forest areas and the isolation caused by the fragmentation of these areas constitute great menaces to the biodiversity conservation. In doing so, the Atlantic Forest constitutes one of the more richest and threatened forests of the world with urgent need of conservation, management and recuperation. In this way, studies that they contemplate the analysis of the dynamics of landscapes constitute in fundamental activities for an integrated management of the natural resources at local and regional scale, providing subsidies for the strategic planning and for the environmental management of landscapes intensely fragmented. This work had as objective the identification and the analysis of remainders of natural and semi-natural vegetation with priority for the biodiversity conservation in Geographic Microregion of the Erechim (RS), submitted to the environmental dynamics of the loss processes, fragmentation and regeneration of habitats, as subsidy for the elaboration of conservation plans, as well as for the future amplification of the Reservation of the Biosphere of the Atlantic Forest. The methodological procedures were accomplished in SIGs IDRISI ANDES and MAPINFO PROFESSIONAL 8.0 and they involved: verification of the dynamics of the loss, fragmentation and regeneration of habitats, using images of the satellites LandSat (TM5 - 1984 and 1992) and LandSat 7 (ETM - 2002); analysis of the ecological integrity of the fragments by means of the Indicator of Ecological Integrity (IEI) with base in the referring information to the vegetation fragments, Probable Minimum Age (PMA) of the areas of the fragments and of a Edge-Core Gradient (ECG); evaluation of the susceptibility of the fragments to the environmental risks with the use of four factors (distance to the forest covering, distance to the hidrografic net, proximity to the urban centers and proximity to the roadways); culminating in the identification of areas with priority for the conservation by means of the correlation between the data of susceptibility to the environmental risks and ecological integrity of the fragments. Great losses didn't happen in the total area occupied by vegetation, which presented an amplification among the years of 1984 and 1992 (5,07%) and posterior reduction between 1992 and 2002 (5,36), staying in just 16% of the total area in 2002. More than 86% of the fragments possess inferior area to five hectares, representing 23% of the total area occupied by vegetation, and 102 fragments just possess superior area for 100 ha, corresponding 19% of the total area of vegetation. Areas that apparently didn't suffer surface alterations in the analyzed period, presenting PMA 20 years old, corresponded at 56,4% of the area of vegetation. In the analysis of ECG, it was verified that 26% of the area of the vegetation are located in the core (considered as distant area in more than 60 m starting from the edge with the not vegetated border) of the fragments, being more than 70% represented by edge area. IEI varied of zero for 95, and more than 96% of the fragments were classified between the classes of smaller integrity, representing 46% of the total area of vegetation and 1,3% of the fragments reveals areas with larger relevance for biodiversity conservation, with larger integrity of habitats. In the analysis of risks 37% of the fragments they are less subject to risks, and the areas with larger risks constitute 38% of the fragments, more than 26.000 ha of vegetation. In the analysis of areas with priority, they were identified 177 fragments with larger priority for conservation, comprehending 20.000 ha of vegetation approximately. The obtained data guide to the fragment-key identification with larger potential for the conservation of the regional biodiversity. In this context, the evaluation of the correlation between the ecological integrity and the environmental risks of the vegetation remainders, submitted to the loss processes, fragmentation and regeneration of habitats was effective in this identification, could be an alternative in short or medium period for the delimitation of areas with potential for conservation as subsidy for more specific studies, in level of populations and flora and fauna communities.
PCU | PSP : uma estratégia que promove agilidade na gerência de projetos de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-21)
Sanchez, Arnaldo Napolitano
;
Sanches, Rosely
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1185556204910616
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
Background: aiming to implement software processes quality models for small companies, several projects were developed in collaboration with Universidade Federal de São Carlos and USP São Carlos research centers. In this context, it was identified the need of improving the process of project management. Aim: this work presents a strategy that facilitates the management of software projects adjusting the Use Case Points method so that it effectively reflects the development team characteristics and the system planning to be developed be close the reality. This adjust comes from the application of the PSP (Personal Software Process) process activities and from a constant evaluation of the activities in course, together the actualization and control of the elaborated project planning. Method: this strategy was extracted from the systematic application of both the PCU method and PSP process, in the small companies’ environment, so that the project progress can be always evaluated. On account of this, it was identified the necessity of adjust the Effort Level (NDE – in Portuguese) per Use Case Point as well as the environmental factors of the PCU method per developer. The monitoring of the project through the PCU method variables adjustment, based on the PSP activities, resulted in the definition of the PCU|PSP Strategy, proposed here. Results: the strategy is being actually applied in small software companies, as shown in the two case studies presented in this work. The obtained results indicate its contribution to the quality improvement of the management software projects, mainly in relation to the planning and control activities. Conclusion: based on the obtained results, the strategy has achieved the objective of facilitating the implementation of process quality models, like the MPS.BR, only in respect to project management. Besides, the strategy is perfectly adjusted to the Scrum agile method, making agile and controllable the project management, what is a positive point, mainly in the context of small companies.
A comunidade de Pimplinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) em área de Mata Atlântica de região de Campos do Jordão, SP, Brasil : taxonomia, diversidade e distribuição
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Loffredo, Ana Paula da Silva
;
Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2740297866888476
The present work had for aim to survey of Pimplinae fauna in area of Atlantic forest at Campos do Jordão, SP, contributing to the taxonomic knowledge of the group as well to investigate the occurence of possible pattern of spatialdistribution of those insects, considering a altitudinal gradient (600- 2000m) and the seasonal influence that the study area is submitted. Using Malaise traps and "sweeping" the vegetation in 15 points in different altitudes were obtained 546 identified specimens distributed in 16 genera and 65 morphospecies. Schyzopyga Gravenhorst, 1829 was mentioned for the first time to Brazil. For the genera Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 and Zaglyptus Foerster, 1869 three and two new species were described respectively. The species of Pimpla Fabricius, 1804 and Neotheronia Krieger, 1899 were the most frequent. It was not possible to observe a distribution pattern according to the gradient altitudinal for the community of Pimplinae. The results obtained in this study enlarge the knowledge regarding the distribution of Pimplinae in neotropical region, and contribute to studies about distribution of parasitoid insects along an altitudinal gradient
Estudo da influência de íons titânio e cobalto nas propriedades magnéticas e absorvedoras de ondas eletromagnéticas de hexaferrita de bário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Yasuda, Márcio Tsuyoshi
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Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7175725020946375
In this work Cobalt and Titanium doped Barium hexaferrites were synthesized by the ceramic method in order to study their use as electromagnetic absorbing materials in high frequencies. The dopants were used individually (Ti and Co) and with both simultaneously (CT). Ceramic characteristics and magnetic properties of calcined powders, as well as of their pellets sintered in electric and microwave furnaces were evaluated. For the high frequency permeability measurements, hexaferrites ring-shaped sintered and ring-shaped composites with the hexaferrite powders and epoxi resin were produced. Barium hexaferrite powder (BaM) presented 3.45 kOe of coercivity and the same synthesizing conditions were used in all hexaferrites with dopant atomic fractions of 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; and 1,0. In Ti hexaferrites (BaFe12-xTixO19) microstructures there were BaFe2O4, Fe2O3 and Ba3Fe10TiO20 phases and they presented coercivities between 1,53 and 1,04 kOe. Co hexaferrites (BaFe12- xCoxO19) microstructures showed W, Y and Z hexaferrites types phases, with coercivities between 0,70 and 0,21 kOe. In CT hexaferrites (BaFe12-2xCoxTixO19) it was presented CoFe2O4 phase, with coercivities between 0,09 and 1,06 kOe was presented. Most of the pellets sintered in microwave furnace had apparent densities close to those of the pellets sintered in electric furnace and their coercivities were higher or equal. The grains heterogeneity increased with dopant quantities and the Ti microstructures presented more quantity of M type hexaferrites in comparison to other samples. The ring-shaped sintered samples of BaM, Ti and CT hexaferrites showed ferrimagnetic ressonance peaks in 110 MHz and 780 GHz. In Co hexaferrites the presence of hexaferrites different from M type contributed to the different tangent loss in comparison to other hexaferrites. The tangent loss of composites showed the same peaks observed in the ring-shaped sintered samples but with smaller intensities. These composites showed absorption loss up to 20 dB in 12 GHz too.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos em fluxo envolvendo espectrofotometria convencional e com longo caminho óptico para determinação de ânions em águas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Bonifacio, Viviane Gomes
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5797977305592896
In this work, five procedures were developed for determination of anions (chloride, sulphate, phosphate and fluoride), with spectrophotometric detection, being four employing a 100-cm optical length flow-cell and one of them employing a cell whith 1 cm optical length. The first procedure employing flow injection analysis with long pathlenght for chloride determination in natural waters was based in the spectrophotometric procedure described in Standard Methods130 in which the reaction between mercury(II) thiocianate and chloride displace the thiocianate ions yielding a reddish complex with iron(III), that was spectrophotometrically monitored at 455 nm. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the chloride concentration range of 1.0 to 50 mg L-1 (r = 0.9989) with a detection limit of 0.2 mg L-1 (3óblank / slope) and a quantification limit of 0.7 mg L-1 (10óblank / slope), RSD < 1.0% (n = 20) and a sampling rate of 72 h-1. The second procedure for chloride determination employed a solid-phase reactor containing silver chloranilate immobilized coupled to the FIA system. The chloride determination is based on the reaction between chloride and silver chloranilate yielding silver chloride, displacing chloranilate ions which were spectrophotometrically detected at 530 nm and the absorbance signals proportional to the chloride concentration. The analytical curve showed a good linearity in the chloride concentration range of 0.5 to 100 mg L-1 (r = 0.9997) with a detection limit of 0.3 mg L-1 (3óblank / slope) and a quantification limit of 0.5 mg L-1 (10óblank / slope), RSD of 1.05% (n = 20) and a sampling rate of 80 h-1. The flow procedure for sulphate determination in natural waters employed a solid-phase reactor containing barium chloranilate immobilized. The determination is based on the reaction between sulphate ions and barium chloranilate yielding barium sulphate, displacing the chloranilate ions that were spectrophotometrically detected at 530 nm. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the sulphate concentration range of 2.5 to 40 mg L-1 ( r = 0.9994) a detection limit of 0.1 mg L-1 (3óblank / slope) and a quantification limit of 0.3 mg L-1 (10óblank / slope), RSD < 1.0% (n = 10) and a sampling rate of 50 h-1. The proposed procedure for phosphate determination in natural waters employing flow injection analysis with long pathlenght spectrophotometry is based on the colorless reaction of iron(III) thiocianate and phosphate ions. Iron(III) reacts with thiocianate yielding FeSCN2+, a reddish complex with maximum absorbance in 468 nm. The phosphate ions in contact with FeSCN2+ yield a colorless complex between iron(III) and phosphate, with non-defined stoichiometry. The decrease of the absorbance signals is proportional to the phosphate concentration in the samples. The analytical curve obtained was linear in the phosphate concentration range of 10 to 100 µg L-1 (r = 0.9996) a detection limit of 4.5 µg L-1 (3óblank / slope) and a quantification limit of 15.6 µg L-1 (10óblank / slope), RSD < 1.0% (n = 10) and a sampling rate of 55 h-1. The procedure for fluoride determination in mineral waters employing a 1-cm optical flow-cell was based on the same procedure for phosphate determination. The reaction between fluoride ions and FeSCN2+ yield the colorless FeF6 3-complex causing an absorbance decrease, proportional to the fluoride concentration in the samples. The analytical curve showed a good linearity for the fluoride concentration range of 0.02 to 5.33 mg L-1 (r = 0.9997) with a detection limit of 5.3 µg L-1 (3óblank / slope) and a quantification limit of 17.6 µg L-1 (10óblank / slope), RSD of 1.9% (n = 20) and a sampling rate of 110 h-1. Results obtained with the proposed procedures were compared with those obtained with the official methods from Standard Methods showing a good agreement at the 95% confidence level.
Aqua - atividades de qualidade no contexto ágil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Cavamura Júnior, Luiz
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5989928022839435
Background: The term agility has increasingly received attention in Software Engineering, since there is a growing demand for executing and delivering software systems in a shorter and shor ter period of time. Agile software development proposes a rapid and iterative development aiming at meeting all of clients needs and, as a consequence, achieving good results throughout development process. Although this methodology is well-known, it is important to notice that its methods, even the ones which are the most quoted in the scientific literature, do not establish any detailed guidelines so that they can be effectively adopted. Some examples encompass details of activities performed, practices and procedures used and some piece of information which must be documented. However, there are not any case studies which show, practically, the whole pro cess of the adopted method. Aim: This work aimed at contributing in order to achieving improvements in quality of the agile processes by introducing an approach named AQUA - Quality Activities in Agile Context. This approach takes into account th e application of software quality assurance activities such as inspection, test and planning activities which may be used along with any agile method adopted, in the early stag es of requirements elicitation. Method: Only the most quoted methods in the literature were analyzed, from which a generic process was extracted besides a group of artifacts utilized by these methods, supporting, thereby, the definition process of the strategy proposed. Results: This approach was applied by using software requirements developed during a graduate course in Federal University of São Carlos, and the results give insights of its contribution to the improvement in process quality. Conclusion: Although this example had been small, the use of the proposed approach did not make it difficult th e application of the agile method adopted and presented benefits with regard to improvements of process quality.
Interação da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca e do lactato sanguíneo durante o exercício resistido em idosos saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Simões, Rodrigo Polaquini
;
Silva, Audrey Borghi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2731345085062145
The anaerobic threshold (AT) is an important parameter for prescription of physical exercise in various clinical conditions, because represent the intensity of effort at which the aerobic metabolism begins to be supplemented by anaerobic metabolism for the production of energy. In this context, different methods to identify AT have been described, for example by analysis of blood lactate and the respiratory gas exchanges, yet such methods require expensive equipment and materials. Low cost non-invasive techniques such as heart rate variability (HRV) have been proposed to determine the AT; however, they are most commonly applied in discontinuous protocols on a cycle ergometer or treadmill. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the behavior of HRV and blood lactate during resistance exercise (RE) with increasing resistances at a percentage of one repetition maximum (1RM), and investigate the existence of an aerobic-anaerobic transition point in the metabolism during lower leg exercise in healthy older adults. Secondarily, our objective was to evaluate the relationship between different methods, as well as the degree of concordance between the same. Ten healthy men ranging in age from 60 to 70 years old (mean and SD: 64 ± 4 years, 166 ± 3 cm, 70 ± 7 kg), underwent medical examination, ergonomic testing and laboratory exams (hemogram, triglycerides, total and fractional cholesterols, glycemia and uric acid. The protocol for RE was administered on Leg Press 45° (Pró-Fitness) equipment. The protocol resistance loads used were determined by 1RM test; the volunteer complete one full cycle on the equipment at the maximum resistance load that the volunteer could achieve, and the resistance load increases were calculated from this test value at rates of 10% of 1RM until a 30% increase and then at increments of 5% until exhaustion. At each percentage increase of effort, the volunteer performed 4 minutes of exercise followed a rest interval of 15 minutes. Heart rate was captured throughout the protocol by a Polar Vantage Heart rate monitor connected to a Polar Advantage Interface that transmitted the data in real time to a Soyo Notebook computer. The blood samples were collected before the initial effort and immediately after the end of each resistance load. Blood lactate and HRV were analyzed at rest conditions with the volunteer positioned on the equipment and at each percentage of effort. The indexes utilized for HRV analysis were RMSSD, RMSM, SD1, SD2 and SD1/SD2 ratio. To identify the aerobic-anaerobic transition point, blood lactate concentrations were used (gold standard) as well as SD1 and RMSSD indexes; and these points were denominated as lactate threshold (LT), SD1 threshold (SD1T) and RMSSD threshold (RMSSDT). The level of significance for all statistical tests was set at 5%. The principal result showed that the mean of the RMSSD, RMSM and SD1 indexes reduced significantly at 30% 1RM in relation to the rest condition, and blood lactate presented an exponential increase at 30% 1RM, that was significantly greater in relation to the rest condition at 35%. There was no significant difference in relation to absolute and relative values for resistance loads at which the aerobic-anaerobic transition point was identified (absolute values: LT = 101 ± 32 kg, SD1T = 96 ± 28 kg, RMSSDT = 97 ± 21 kg; Relative values: LT = 30 ± 6%, SD1T = 29 ± 6%, RMSSDT = 29 ± 5%). Additionally, good concordance and good correlation were found between LT and RMSSDT (r = 0.78) and between LT and SD1T (0.81). It can be concluded that the behavior of HRV and blood lactate change markedly at 30% 1RM during resistance exercise on the Leg Press 45°. It was possible at this percentage to identify the aerobic-anaerobic metabolism transition point by blood lactate as well as by HRV in healthy older men.
Caracterização e zoneamento ambiental do zoológico municipal de Mogi Mirim-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Marino, Luciana Mara Ribeiro
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9195002299985358
The modern Zoos are in a continuous improvement for the attendance of your principal functions - leisure, education, conservation and research. The understanding of the relationship among the environmental protection (preservation, conservation and recovery) and the public use of the Zoos for activities recreational or educational has been the administrators' of these institutions great challenge. The present work had as objective the environmental characterization and zoning of the Municipal Zoological Park of Moji Mirim and its immediate surrounding to subsidize your management plan. The Zoological Park environmental characterization was made based on the use of Geographical Information Systems, making possible the elaboration of a georeferenced database and thematic maps of several landscape structural elements (limits, hydrography, road net and land use). These results allowed the proposition of a Zoo s conceptual environmental zoning and for your buffer zone, in terms of the environmental risks resulting from the types and intensities of the immediate surrounding land uses. The environmental zoning constitutes the primary component of a management plan, a public declaration document of the institution manager's of the Zoological Park intentions in the perspective to assure the execution of your functions
Entre o dito e o feito : a garantia de permanência dos alunos no ensino fundamental nas escolas estaduais do município de Araras-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Zuttin, Marlene Aparecida da Silva
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Tagliavini, João Virgílio
This study aims at verifying the permanency of children and adolescents at public schools of the compulsory school system elementary school in the city of Araras. From the perspective of the right to education found in educational legislations in a confront between the legal and the real, the said and the done. Since the historical evolution of the educational rights in the Brazilian Constitutions from 1824 to 1988 and going through the Law for Directories and Bases, National Plan of Education, Underage Code and Statute for Children and Adolescents. Between the announced right and the guarantee of the right an incursion in the school environment occurs. This research takes a historical journey in the city of Araras since the conquests of backlands in São Paulo and presents its actors. The reality of the city is portrayed by using the index of social vulnerability for a better understanding of the economical and social aspects of its population. The study seeked to understand through official data, the approval, failure and abandonment, from the State Secretariat of Education São Paulo, the issue of permanency characterized and mapped in the eight selected public schools. The research brings the backstage between the imposed rules and the real daily routine of campus-schools with quantitative data from the State Secretariat of Education and qualitative data collected in interviews with people in charge of the selected schools. The project observed the movement of these indicators within the school itself contrasting it comparatively to another institution by organizing them in groups A and B of classified regions in different degrees of social vulnerability. The analysis took into consideration the organization of the elementary cycles I (1st to 4th grades) and II (5th to 8th grades) The study detected that the children and adolescents from group A located in areas of lesser social vulnerability have a longer permanency of their students which was proved in the indicators of approval, failure and abandonment. The children of the first cycle no matter the group A or B, presented better results of those indicators. Besides the official indicators, the research used interview with directors in order to get the interpretation and application of the legislation and educational concepts of daily school, specially, concerning to the access and the permanency of students in the school. The e index of social vulnerability has a very significant correlation with the results of permanency, because it embeds various social indicators among them such as levels of illiteracy, the householder s average number of years studied and income capable of reflecting the valuing of education and school by the families with influence on a good school performance. The complexity of the issue of the permanency cannot be explicated by an isolated factor. There are many variables that interfere and interrelate making difficult the isolation or an identification of a starting point in the process which keeps itself in a continuous and dialectic movement. Through the dissertation it has been observed that the issue of permanency of children and adolescents in the compulsory education goes far beyond the announced rights and the guarantees of the rights. The research has shown that the social conditions of these children and adolescents put them in excluding situations of all sorts and expropriate those who need to study.
Caracterização do nanocompósito de Al2O3 com inclusões nanométricas de ZrO2 visando sua aplicação como reforço em próteses odontológicas de cerâmica livre de metal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Pierri, Juliano de
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Tomasi, Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8591752492566665
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4434204684908503
There are many different materials used in dental prosthesis, metal combined with ceramic (metalloceramic), combination of polymers with metal (metal-polymer), metal, polymer and ceramic metal free or metal-free. Metalfree dental prostheses, including crowns and bridges, are attractive to dentists and patients because they have better aesthetics, abrasion resistance, biocompatibility and low thermal conductivity when compared with traditional metal-ceramic prostheses. However, mechanical failures may occur because they are fragile materials. Zirconia (ZrO2) and alumina (Al2O3) are ceramics that have mechanical and aesthetic features suitable for manufacture of these prostheses. In the late 80's, were obtained significant improvements in mechanical properties of composites consisting of alumina matrix with nanoscale inclusions. Previous experimental results showed that the addition of small amounts of nanometric zirconia to the alumina sets a material with interesting mechanical properties. This study proposes the use of composites with nanoscale inclusions of zirconia as a material for the preparation of metalfree dental prostheses. To check this possibility, alumina matrix nanocomposites samples were prepared with 5% of nanometric inclusions of ZrO2 to test the biocompatibility in vivo and some mechanichal properties. In the mechanical characterization tests were performed under 3 point bending (according to ISO 6872/97) and diametral tensile test. Biocompatibility tests were performed on bone and subconjunctival tissue of rats. The results showed that, in accordance with the standards in dentistry and compared with values observed in previous studies, the material in this study has excellent mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility which allows its use as reinforcement in metal-free dental prostheses.
Seleção de modelos de tempos com longa-duração para dados de finanças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-22)
Granzotto, Daniele Cristina Tita
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1804132689797867
Estudo comparativo da eficiência de diferentes processos oxidativos para o tratamento de águas residuais contendo pesticidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-25)
Gromboni, Caio Fernando
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3094371391359214
Due to the vast amount of waste containing solutions of pesticides normally generated in cattle farms, in this study were evaluated different processes aiming its degradation. Initially were studied, two chamber photo-oxidative, which showed potential for the degradation of wastewater. Another alternative was investigate it was the coupling between microwave (MW) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To evaluate the efficiency of decomposition of the system were determinate the levels of initial carbon and after the treatments, using optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. To identify the subproducts generated, chromatographic techniques were employed. In laboratory scale, the results indicated high efficiencies for degradation of wastewater, mainly for the tests performed with the photo-Fenton reaction, which had rates of decline exceeding 90%. It was noted that the decomposition of the wastewater of Colosso® pesticide is simpler when compared to the treatment of Supocade® pesticide. After the assessments in scale laboratory was built a prototype that employs Fenton reaction and agitation to be employed directly in the field. This prototype was tested and showed efficiencies of degradation of 60% for Supocade®, while for the Colosso® about 95% of the original carbon content has been removed from the solution, showing that the behaviour of reactions depends of active principle that compound the commercial product.
Razão instrumental e preconceito: reflexões sobre o bullying
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-25)
Antunes, Deborah Christina
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Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1065956470701739
This paperwork Idiscusses Ithe Iconcept Iof Ibullying, Icharacterized Ias Ia Ikind Iof school violence that occurs in students relationship. A theoretical analysis is made in the first part of this paper. Starting at the critical of instrumental reason and the concept I of I prejudice, I both I based I on I the ICritical ITheoryI of I Society, I the I criticalI of formal and descriptive bullying is brought about. An empirical research is presented in the second part, which objective is to analyze the proximity between what is described by bullying and what is considered, here, prejudice in both empirical data collected by individual interviews and also by a discussion group with students from 8º grade of a private fundamental school. It is considered that, although both refer to similar facts and share individual and cultural determinants, they are opposed concepts. The first one collaborates to the maintenance of the status quo, while the second one recognizes on the knowledge the objective of human emancipation.
O conceito de identidade na filosofia e nos atos de linguagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-25)
Maia, Rubens Dias
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
Dicionário de Análise do Discurso, of Charaudeau and Maingueneau, at the entry Identidade, affirms that the concept of identity is difficult to define. It is central for most human and social sciences, and it is the object of different definitions, some of which very vague. This encouraged the research about the concept and the word identity. The word is erudite, originated in philosophy, but the idea of identity is permanent and is related to other words of everyday use. This thing, this stuff. Since the time before Socrates there are theories about the concept of being and the principle of identity. It is in the use of language, with the demonstrative adjectives and verb forms that the identification of people occurs, the speaker reveals itself in opposition to the listener: identity and alterity. We intend to demonstrate that the concept of identity has always been linked to the concept of being. Everything has identity if it is a being with internal unity, distinct from others, if it has its own coherence, if it presents its truth and its value. The principle of identity has a negative formulation in the principle of noncontradiction, which guarantees the coherence of both language and communication. Language, however, is not always logical. Sometimes, it seems to contradict the principle of non-contradiction. Language needs the resources for identification: the definition, the metalanguage, the metadiscourse of the speaker, when the speaker can remake his own speech, correct himself, and prevent misunderstandings
Protocolo para avaliar a acessibilidade ao computador para alunos com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-25)
Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
The national and the foreigner literature indicate that the successful education of students with cerebral palsy can require the implementation of resources and appropriate equipments, allowing the individual to improve their performance and complete daily tasks in a more efficient and independent way. The assistive technology is a term used to name the equipments / resources as well as the services linked to them that promote to the individual a greater success in the accomplishment of activities, increasing, maintaining or improving their functional capacities. The implementation of those resources is a complex process, involving variables of the person, of the equipment, of the task to be executed and of the environment. An appropriate initial evaluation is of great importance and the current study had as objective to systematize a tool with specific procedures to verify the eligibility of computational resources of high assistive technology to the students with cerebral paralysis to be applied by a team of special education and rehabilitation professionals. It is a descriptive research, based in a North American checklist already existent that evaluates the physical characteristics and posture to determine the best way to use the computer. The methodology involved phases as the translation and the cross-cultural adaptation of that checklist as well as the implementation of a supplemental guide for additional use of the referred checklist for the educational context. The translation procedures, theoretical and technical adaptation of the North American checklist and theoretical analysis (content and semantics) were accomplished with the participation of special education specialist professionals as judges. With the analysis of the judges' results, the outcome indicated the relevance of the translated checklist s proposition together with the itinerary built to the professionals' reality involved in the education of children with cerebral palsy. The study resulted in a protocol for computer accessibility evaluation, in which there are five parts, the first three were created (Student Identification, Performance in the Classroom Academic Activities, Interest in the Computer s Implementation) and the last two adapted from the translated checklist (PCA: Physical Characteristics Assessment Computer Access for Individuals with Cerebral Palsy and Conclusions). The theoretical validation phase should be accomplished before the checklists are made available, and it is expected that the presented study will contribute to the process of making viable a checklist for the evaluation and the prescription of resources of high assistive technology that allows the computer access and, in that way, improves the education quality for those students. Besides, it seeks a contribution to the practice of professionals that work on that theme when making available that kind of checklist, collaborating on the theoretical development of this area in the Brazilian reality