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Avaliação do modelo de transtorno de estresse póstraumático (TEPT) e camundongos machos : efeitos do midazolam, sertralina e ausência de efeito da imipramina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-21) Costa, Fernando de Souza Melo; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2982118089291826
The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects a portion of subjects exposed to a traumatic event. This disorder leads to long-term alterations in the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis, autonomic and cognitive function. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the animal model of PTSD proposed for rats could be used in mice and, to evaluate the effect of benzodiazepine, tricycle antidepressant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs in the PTSD model. For this we realized the following experiments: Experiment 1- The test consisted of exposure the male mice to inescapable electric footshock (0.3 mA) in the black side (BS) of the black-white box (BW). In the 7th, 14th and 21th day, mice were reexposed to the traumatic reminder on the white side (WS) or BS for 2 min, without footshock. In the 29th day, the animals were submitted to elevated plus-maze (EPM) for record the anxiety indexes [percentage of open arm entries (%OA) and percentage of open arm time (%OT) and as well as general locomotor activity, closed arm entries (CE)]. On day 34 the same animals were submitted to BW test for record the latency to escape (LE) from WS and time spent on WS of the BW box. Experiment 2 the same procedure of experiment 1 was performed, except that the animals were re-exposed at 7th, 14th e 21th days to reminder situation only in WS of BW box for 2 min, without footshock. On day 29th, the animals were exposed to EPM, 30 min after receiving treatment with midazolam. In 34th day the same animals after receiving treatment with midazolam were submitted to BW box test. Experiment 3, 4 and 5 - the same procedure was adopted from experiment 2, except that in 29th day, the animals were not submitted to EPM test and on 34th day 30 minutes after treatment with midazolam, imipramine and sertraline were submitted to BW box. Two-way ANOVA (stimulus x place remainder or treatment) followed by Duncan test showed that PTSD model increased anxiety in mice (P<0.05). The re-exposure in BS promoted anxiogenic-like effect extinction of the model. The midazolam treatment (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) produced anxiolytic-like effect in maze-mice (P < 0.05) and the 0.5 mg/kg decreased latency to escape of WS (P < 0.05) of BW box and increased the exploratory activity, suggesting involvement of this GABA-benzodiazepine agonist on this PTSD modulation. The EPM test does not interfere in the evaluation of the BW test. It is important to note that no other behaviors were significantly altered by imipramine per se (P < 0.05). The sertraline (5.0 mg/kg), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, produced anxiolytic-like effect in the BW test (P < 0.05) and increase exploration activity. These results suggest that the employed PTSD model to study neurobiological disturbances associated with this disorder.
Vivendo a terceira idade em Vitória da Conquista : um estudo de caso acerca do impacto do programa da terceira idade da prefeitura municipal de Vitória da Conquista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-21) Lima, Gabriel Azevedo Costa; Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062169693386815
This research is about a case study assigned with old people from Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. These people participate in a program called Vivendo a Terceira Idade. This program belongs to Social Development Secretary from the Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória da Conquista and it was founded in 1997. Until the observation period which was occurred on the first semester in 2006, there were about four hundred old people participating in the program. The great part of these people came from popular districts and they were poor people. In living together groups, people participate by educative and leisure activities. These groups are situated in eight districts from the city and their meetings happen in their own districts or in the program space. The mainly objective by this research is understand what is the program influence in old people who participate. To make this work, the researcher chose inactive old people, who receive some periodic money from social security politics, like: retirement, pension, etc. This study was based in Pierre Bourdieu Sociology and our observation was about the familiar experiences from the old people in the program activities. Our discussion started from the facts raised by the participating observation, by the interviews, by the questionnaires and by the appreciation of the program documents. Besides, it was based in five analysis categories: gender, work, family, citizenship and resignifying. Through the adopted methodology, according to the theoretical referential, we tried to show how old people who participate in an Elderly program resignify their life references about identity and acquired social behavior. In general, this analysis suggest that old people pass to true reviewing life processes starting from the question about the values and the building of new priorities to drive their lives. This new reality redesigns the identities and provides changes in the center of the old people relationships with their families and with the society.
Quantificação de metacrilatos residuais e avaliação da liberação em saliva artificial a partir de resinas acrílicas para reembasamento imediato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-21) Almeida, Fernando Gonçalves de; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535882123333210
This work reports the development of analytical methods, using High Performance of Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), to quantify unreacted monomers from dental reline autopolimerizing acrylic resins. The quantification of these unreacted methacrylates is directly related with theirs toxicity, once that these may not only be irritant to the mucosa, but may also cause allergic and inflammatory reactions. In addition to this, high concentrations of unreacted monomers may cause alterations in physical and mechanical properties. For this purpose, three experimental resins (RE1, RE2 and RE3) and a commercial resin, Tokuyama Rebase Fast II (TKY), were selected to be analyzed. The development of these experimental resins has been carried out in cooperation with Faculty of Dentistry, Araraquara (FOAr - Unesp) and the dental corporation VIPI Ltda (Pirassununga, SP). The relevance of development these new resins is related to the necessity to have a national confectioned resin, because all resins used for these treatments are imported and reducing the cost of treatment. For quantification of unreacted monomers was necessary to extract them from the resins, so the extraction procedure was carried out in an ice-bath using methanol as extraction solvent. This procedure was validated through extractions in replicates. The monomers quantified were acetoacetoxy ethyl methacrylate (AAEM) from TKY resin, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA), buthanediol dimethacrylate (BDMA) and cyclo hexyl metharylate (CHMA) all from experimental resins. Higher concentrations were found for experimental resins which the unreacted monomers concentrations range were, approximately 120μg/mL to 500μg/mL, 150μg/mL to 500μg/mL and 100 to 300μg/mL for resins RE3, RE1 e RE2, respectively Only for TKY resin was carried out a procedure to evaluate the quantity of unreacted monomer leached out in vitro in artificial saliva. There were found concentration in the range from 5.00 to 64.0μg/mL, in view of that the higher concentrations were leached from resin in the first 24 hours and after one week of artificial saliva immersion it was not observed the leaching of AAEM monomer.
Influência do método de preparação e performance catalítica para os catalisadores de Pd-La2O3-Al2O3 aplicados na reforma autotérmica do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-21) França, Alexandre Bôscaro; Bueno, José Maria Corrêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4539473355526849
Pd catalysts supported on Al2O3 and La2O3-Al2O3 (12 wt.% La2O3) were prepared by wetness impregnation method with aqueous solution of of palladium nitrate (1 wt.% Pd). The supports were obtained by conventional method (PdAl-Conv. and PdLaAl-Conv.) and two different sol-gel methods with Al-sec-butoxide/HNO3/Ethanol (PdAl-SG-Et. and PdLaAl-SG-Et) and Al-sec-butoxide/CH3COOH/sec-butanol (PdAl- SG-2But. and PdLaAl-SG-2But.). The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area of catalysts were calculated from nitrogen absorption isotherm (SBET), FTIR-CO adsorption spectroscopy and autothermal reforming of methane (ATRM). XRD of precursors shows diffraction lines of boehmit for -SGEt. sample and shows diffraction lines of aluminum acetate for -SG-2But sample. No peaks of Pd or PdO were reveled in all catalysts samples. SBET for PdAl-SG-Et, PdLaAl- SG-Et and PdAl-SG-2But.catalysts shows type IV adsorption isotherm and H1 hysteresis and for PdLaAl-SG-2But catalyst shows type III adsorption isotherm and H3 hysteresis. FTIR-CO show that the adding of lanthana on γ-Al2O3 suppress CO adsorption in bridge form over Pd. The CO adsorption form is insensitive to presence of lanthana in catalysts obtained by sol-gel method. The intensity of bands of CO in bridge (LF) and linear (HF) show a LF/HF ratio of 4.8 to 2.3 for PdAl-Conv. and PdLaAl- Conv catalysts, respectively. The Pd catalysts supported on Al2O3 show higher deactivation with time on stream on ATRM reaction, which is assigned mainly to coalescence of Pd particle. La-containing catalysts are quite stable and H2/CO ratio depends to the synthesis method.
GRENJ: um framework obtido por um processo iterativo de reengenharia aplicando TDD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-21) Durelli, Vinícius Humberto Serapilha; Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8816910024419957
Software systems must satisfy the users requeriments and use current technologies. Thus, these systems are in constant evolution and several software maintenance tasks are carried out in order to adapt them to the user s requirements as well as to the current technologies. When there is a change in the technology used by these systems, an approach to their revitalization is reengineering, which is classified as a preventive maintenance. This research project presents the iterative process applied during the reengineering of the GREN framework, which is built based on the GRN pattern language. The GREN framework was originally implemented in Smalltalk, a very spread programming language, mainly within the academic community. In the proposed reengineering process the JavaTMlanguage and AspectJ, which is an aspect-oriented JavaTMextension, were used during the framework implementation resulting from the reengineering process. This new framework is called GRENJ. The proposed process can be used to reengineer systems developed with OO paradigm, in order to change its implementation language to another OO language. That process is iterative, incremental, and applies reverse engineering patterns, test-driven development and refactoring. The GRENJ framework has approximately twenty-eight thousand source code lines, of which approximately ten thousand are related to tests created during the development. The GRENJ framework documentation was generated using the javadoc tool. A hypothetical system that satisfies the basics requirements of a rental video store was instantiated using the GRENJ framework.