Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2008-08-17"

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As reformas educacionais de Benjamim Constant (1890-1891) e Francisco Campos (1930-1932): o projeto educacional das elites republicanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-17)
Delaneze, Taís
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8635772073038414
The study objects of this work are two educational reforms derived from the Public Federal Administration, namely the Reforms by Benjamim Constant (1890-1891) and Francisco Campos (1930-1932). Both are characterized by a series of decrees that legislated on several aspects of education and its degrees. The former was limited to regulating education in the Federal Capital (Rio de Janeiro), with the exception of high education, which was regulated nationwide. The later regulated the national education, thus representing a landmark in this sense. The Reform by Benjamim Constant was a product of the Proclamation of the Republic; and the one by Francisco Campos was the expanding of the conflagration of 1930. These two moments in the Brazilian political-economic context are the portrait of the same process: the bourgeois revolution in Brazil, which had not been finished in 1930, but, rather, had been provided with new impulses. The revolution that took place in Brazil did not follow the classical ways , which characterized, for example, the French Jacobinism. The process acclimated to Brazil was singular, but its analysis suggests similarities that are evidenced in the terms created by Lenin and Gramsci Prussian way and passive revolution, respectively. These two categories, which can be used as interpretative criteria for the Brazilian bourgeois revolution, develop the idea of conservative modernization, composed of modern and renewed elements that cause no revolutionary disruptions. While modernization is prompted by a segment of the conservative dominant class, revealing the reaction against the possibility of an effective transformation, it also absorbs part of the popular demand. In Brazil, the bourgeois spirit emerged from the agrarian aristocracy, which was responsible for the Modern State and contributed towards the capitalist development. In summary, the educational reforms resulting from this bourgeois context in Brazil, which were implemented by those conservative elites, reflected the educational thoughts by such elites. The primary education, essentially considered as the education for the people, was limited to Rio de Janeiro in the Reform by Benjamim Constant and not even mentioned in the Reform by Francisco Campos. Therefore, the education project of the republican elites included no expansion of the primary education, long retarding the establishment of both a public school, open to the subaltern classes, and a National Education System.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade para gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-18)
Polaz, Carla Natacha Marcolino
;
Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3722828980684272
One way to operationalize the concept of sustainability is through the use of indicators that are useful in planning, monitoring and evaluation steps of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) policies. They can also help the public managers in setting priorities and goals, providing subsidies for technical decision making. The core objective of this research was to contribute to the development of sustainability indicators for public management of MSW in São Carlos/SP, from the perspective of five dimensions - environmental, economic, social, political and cultural. Based on a prior model proposed by Milanez (2002), the strategy adopted for the indicators adjustment to the São Carlos context was the analysis of the application model process in two consecutive years (2006/2007), followed by the identification of priority problems for the MSW management. For this, managers from two municipal divisions of the São Carlos prefecture, who work in different sectors related to MSW management, were consulted through semi-structured interviews. After the systematization of information obtained from the consultations, an initial proposal of indicators was drawn up. Through a workshop, the first set of indicators was then submitted to some specialists analysis. Both consultation processes (managers and specialists) resulted in the final set, composed of 15 indicators predominantly qualitative, distributed in the five dimensions considered. Of these, seven indicators were kept of the proposed Milanez set, three were adapted from literature and five were drafted from the identification of priorities for the MSW management in São Carlos. For each indicator were characterized the parameters of trend, expressed in three possible conditions: favorable, unfavorable or very unfavorable to sustainability. Since future applications were required to validate this proposal, the results obtained so far showed that the implementing process of a local indicators system should involve the participation of different actors in the selection, review and characterization steps in order to legitimize the effective use of this important management tool. However, the main difference resulting from the adoption of this type of indicator, will be a change in the perception of the general situation of MSW management, in which principles and dimensions of sustainability will be considered.
Efeitos do envelhecimento e do exercício físico sobre o sistema cardiovascular de indivíduos saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-18)
Melo, Ruth Caldeira de
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9437079385922873
The ageing process is known to affect different tissues and systems. It is well-established that age-associated changes in cardiovascular structure and function are related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Because of the vast amount of cardiovascular modifications observed with ageing, the present study focused on three important topics: heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, we also investigated the effects of physical activity (endurance and strength) on the autonomic control of heart rate (HR), which might be used as non-pharmacological therapy. Thirty five young subject between 18 and 30 years old (14 sedentary men, 5 sedentary women and 16 active men) and thirty eight middleaged/older subjects between 55 and 70 years old (16 sedentary men, 14 sedentary women and 8 active men) were studied. In addition, the subjects are distributed among 3 different studies. In the first one, the effects of the ageing process and active life-style on the autonomic control of HR were investigated in young and middleaged/older subjects. Electrocardiogram was recorded during 15 minutes of rest and 4 minutes of controlled breathing (5 to 6 cycles/min) in the supine position. HR and RR intervals were analyzed by time and frequency domain methods. The active groups presented lower HR and higher HRV (time domain) than the sedentary groups, whereas both middle-aged/older groups showed lower HRV (frequency domain). Additionally, interaction between ageing and life-style effects was observed for respiratory sinus arrhythmia (ASR) indexes (calculated during the controlled breathing test). The sedentary middle-aged/older group presented lower ASR magnitude than the other groups studied. The results suggest that ageing reduces HRV, however, regular physical activity improves vagal modulation on the heart and, consequently, attenuates the effects of ageing on the autonomic control of HR. In the second study, we aimed to investigate if strength training is able to improve cardiac autonomic control in healthy middle-aged/older men. HRV was evaluated before and after 12 weeks of isokinetic eccentric strength training (2days/week, 2-4 sets of 8-12 repetitions at 75-80% peak torque), involving knee flexion and extension. Strength training decreased the systolic blood pressure and increased the torque. However, an autonomic imbalance towards sympathetic modulation predominance was induced by an unknown mechanism. In the third study, we evaluated the effect of ageing on the BPV and endothelial function. We also sought for correlations between increased BPV and impaired endothelium dependent-dilation (EDD) in the middle-aged/older group. Intra-brachial artery BPV and conduit vessel EDD (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, FMD) were determined in healthy young and middle-aged/older subjects. Moreover, endothelial function of resistance vessels was evaluated by venous occlusion plethysmoghaphy in the middle-aged/older group. The young group presented lower systemic oxidative stress, lower systolic BPV and higher FMD compared with the middle-aged/older group. After split this group according to the BPV, lower FMD was observed in the middleaged/older group with higher BPV. In addition, FMD was inversely correlated to BPV. The lower BPV group showed a great reduction (55%) in the forearm blood flow responses when NG-monometyl-L-arginine (nitric oxide inhibitor) was co-infused with acetylcholine (vs 14% in the higher BPV group). The results suggest that ageing process increases BPV and reduces endothelial function. Additionally, middle-aged/older subjects with higher BPV also have impaired EDD compared with their peers with lower BPV. General Conclusions: the results from the studies described above suggest that ageing process causes decrease of HRV, increase of BPV and decrease of endothelial function. Moreover, aerobic exercise has a cardioprotector effect, since it was able to attenuate the ageing effects on the cardiac vagal modulation. This same benefit, however, was not observed after 12 weeks of eccentric strength training. On the other hand, the strength training program performed by healthy older subjects modified the sympato-vagal balance toward the sympathetic modulation. Finally, systolic BPV oscillations seem to have a narrow relationship with vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide. Then, more studies are needed to clarify the cause-effect relation between those important variables.
São Carlos e o Movimento Constitucionalista de 1932: poder local e cooptação ideológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-20)
Gomes, Pablo Ferreira dos Santos
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
This case study aims to analyze the participation of the city of São Carlos at the Constitutionalist Movement of 1932. It begins from a theoretical reference which allows to understand the main political groups that articulate the Constitutionalist Movement, the ideological speech that conducts them and the artifices used on the co-optation of the social classes. First of all, it is developed a situation analysis, and after that, the study focuses the local approach, where the participation of the city of São Carlos at the Constitutionalist Movement makes sense considering local politics since the First Republic, specially under the influence of the fast social and political changes occurred between the 20 s and 30 s. Therefore, the study of the local approach allows to understand the contradictions of the Constitutionalist Movement of 1932, with the defense of the democratic principles coexisting with the authoritarian methods for the co-optation of the public opinion and the restriction the dissidences.
Produção recombinante e caracterização de uma cisteíno protease (tipo catepsina B) de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-20)
Duarte, Simone Michelan
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3194291973874319
Liofilização de frutas tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-21)
Marques, Luanda Gimeno
;
Freire, José Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7633174114536012
The national and international markets of processed fruits have continually grown due to the improved quality of the marketed product, the convenience of ready-to-serve products and because the availability of seasonal commodities has been extended by the processing which acts as a preservation technique. Besides aggregating commercial value to the fruit, drying reduces the wastes and the posharvest losses. Freezing-drying is the best drying method for heat sensitive materials and for obtaining a high quality dried product. Consequently, it has mainly been employed in the dehydration of materials with high commercial value such as tropical fruits. In order to contribute with the studies on lyophilization, the objective of this research was to analyse the freeze-drying of five tropical fruits, namely pineapple, acerola, guava, papaya and mango. For this, specific studies were carried out involving the determination of both the freezing and sublimation fronts, the analysis of the freeze-drying kinetics, the determination of structural properties (true and apparent densities and porosity) as a function of moisture content as well as of thermal properties (specific heat, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity) of the freeze-dried and fresh fruits. The influence of the process on the product quality was also evaluated through the determination of glass transition temperature, the vitamin C, total carotenoids, calcium and phosphorus contents and rehydration characteristics of the freeze-dried fruits. Total content of carotenoids was related to the values of chromatic parameters (L*, a*, and b*). Sorption isotherms of freeze-dried acerola using three freezing techniques (freezer, liquid nitrogen and nitrogen vapor) were determined. Empirical e semi-empirical equations were evaluated to describe to describe freeze-drying and rehydration kinetics. From indices that take into account the quantity of water absorbed and the losses of solutes it was possible to fully characterize the rehydration process of the freeze-dried fruits. Their water uptake capacity was affected not only by injuries during moisture removal but also by structural collapse induced by the rehydration process itself, which was explained using the glass transition concept. The shrinkage magnitude and the thermal behaviour of freeze-dried fruits were also affected by the glass transition phenomenon. Finally, freeze-drying and convective drying were compared in terms of product quality attributes, such as shrinkage, vitamin C retention and rehydration characteristics. Freeze-dried fruits were characterized by highly porous structures, high water uptake rates and elevated preservation of nutrients. The improved quality of the product is one of the main reasons that can contribute for increasing the demand for freeze-dried fruits in the food industry.
Desenvolvimento de metodologias para determinação de Cd e Pb em amostras de lodo de esgoto e sedimentos com o emprego da espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-21)
Souza, Silvéria Neves de Paula e
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7529571557934296
In this work, Thermospray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) were employed in order to propose methods for determination of total and bioavailability concentration of Cd and Pb in environmental samples. The sediments were collected in the basin of the Jundiaí river and the sewage sludge (industrial and home) in the Jundiaí sewage treatment station. The metals bioavailability contents were determined by extraction using 1.0 g of sample and 25.0 mL HCl 0.1 mol/L for 2 hours in horizontal stirrer 600 rpm. The total concentrations were determined using pre-digestion step for 12h followed by a microwave digestion of 0.1 g sample with 2.0 mL mixture concentrated HNO3 HCl (1:3 v/v) and 1.0 mL of H2O2 using heating program for 34 minutes. In determinations by TS-FF-AAS, 200 μL of sample was carried out into a nickel atomization tube with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. During Cd and Pb determinations in extracts HNO3 0.014 mol/L solution was used as carrier. In the case of the digested samples, EDTA 0.5% (m/v) and Triton X-100 0.1% (v/v) solution was used as carrier. The method accuracy was checked by Cd and Pb determination in in three certified samples: NIST 2782 and NIST 146R (industrials sludge) and NIST 8704 (Buffalo river sediment). The bioavailability and total concentrations range in sediments were 0.08-1.7 and 0.44- 2.47 mg/kg for Cd; 2.91- 13.6 and 8.9-24.7 mg/kg for Pb, respectively. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for TS-FF-AAS were 1.13 and 3.75 μg/L for Cd, 16.5 and 55.1 μg/L for Pb, respectively (n=3). In FAAS, limits of detection and quantification were 63.0 and 210 μg/L for Cd, 119 and 395 μg/L for Pb, respectively (n=3). The repeatability and reproducibility obtained were 1.0-8.0% and 7.0-24% for Cd, 2.4- 14% and 5.4-32% for Pb, presented as relative standard deviation (RSD, %).
Estudo fitoquímico de Euxylophora paraensis e avaliação das substâncias isoladas frente à enzima gliceraldeído-3-fosfato desidrogenase de Trypanosoma cruzi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Isidoro, Marsele Machado
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1150094034053409
This work describe the phytochemical study of bark and leaves of the specie E. paraensis (Rutaceae). This dissertation aims at contributing with the chemistry of the Rutaceae family and evaluation of the antichagasic activity of substances isolated. The phythochemical study allowed to isolate fifteen secondary metabolites belonging to different classes: two alkaloids: N-methylflindersine and skimmianine; the mixture of three steroids: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol e campestanol; the limonoid limonin; six coumarins, which are: marmesin, 8-methoximarmesin, isooxypeucedanin, prangol, isopimpinellin and xanthotoxin; and three glycosides flavonoids: quercetin-3-β-O-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin-3-β- O-rhamnopyranoside and hesperidin, while there is still no reports on the isolation of flavonoids in this specie. The isolated compounds were evaluated as the enzyme inhibitory activity in Ggapdh (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase) of T. cruzi. However, a strategy was used for virtual screening based on physical and chemical properties of substances isolated by the computer program Volsurf 3.0. The ability of the inhibitory compounds pre-classified was tested by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), which has characterized the mechanism of action of active substances on the enzyme GAPDH. Through the standardized test the following compounds were tested front of GAPDH: Limonin, quercetin-3-α-O-rhamnopyranoside and prangol showed that the inhibition constant ranging between 91.8 (± 18.08) and 384.8 (145 ± , 05) μM; hesperidin and marmesin that have not submitted activity against the enzyme.
Apoio de gerência de configuração de software ao ARA-GAwCRe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Borges, Simone de Sousa
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9013853025023946
Software systems suffer countless modifications during all its life cycle. Software Configuration Management (SCM) is concerned with organizing, controlling and managing the development and evolution of those systems. GAwCRe is a web application generator built based on Software Product Line for the rehabilitation clinics management domain. The generator instantiation is made through a Modelling Language that is based on the pattern language SiGCli. An ad hoc process has been proposed in order to apply the GAwCRe application generator within Arcabouço de Reengenharia Ágil (ARA). The ARA has the purpose of migrating small and medium procedural systems to the OO paradigm. This research presents an approach of SCM along with ARA to support the Processo de Reengenharia Ágil de Sistemas Legados Utilizando Geradores de Aplicações. The proposed approach uses a process, that is based on the standard IEEE 828-2005, to guide the planning of the SCM activities. Three systems were used: version control, changes control and build management. Other systems and tools are foreseen to provide the integration of the work spaces. The proposed approach supports the employ of the Processo Ágil de Reengenharia Utilizando Geradores de Aplicações associated with the ARA, other generators of applications built based in pattern languages also can be used to aid the design and implementation of the resulting system. Two legacy systems were partially reengineered applying the proposed approach.
Síntese, caracterização e estudo das propriedades fotofísicas de SiO2-GeO2 VAD encapsulada com Eu2O3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Oliveira, Larissa Helena de
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Rosa, Ieda Lucia Viana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086262254116449
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1461337173265474
Some materials can be encapsulated with metals, inorganic solids and biomolecules, in a nanometric scale, to form a nanocomposite which has specific properties that can be open to research and technology works. In the literature, they are represented as core@shell. When silica particles are coated with a luminescent material, as the Eu2O3, the final material will have different properties from the core and the shell material. The silica used as a core in this work is the silica-germania VAD, synthesized by the Vapor-phase Axial Deposition (VAD) technique, which has been given by the PhD. Carlos K. Suzuki from FEM-UNICAMP. The luminescent properties of the Eu3+ ion in the SiO2-GeO2@Eu2O3 material, has been studied to get some information about the environment around this ion during the heat treatment process. The emission spectra of the samples presented the main Eu3+ characteristics 5D0→7FJ ( J= 0,1,2,3, 4) bands. The degradation of the polymeric shell which involves the Eu3+ ions degradation occurs as the temperature increases, causing structural changes around this ion. With its degradation, the Eu3+ ion is incorporated to the silica-germania matrix. The interaction between this ion and the matrix is through Ge-O-Eu linkages, which suppress the Eu3+ luminescence. The same luminescence behavior is observed for the SiO2@Eu2O3 and SiO2@Eu2O3 spherical samples heat treat in the same temperatures. The lifetime curves for these materials when they are excited in its respective maximum of emission and excitation, present a mono-exponential feature and the values are higher than Eu2O3 pure. This material presented some novel optical properties, which makes it in a potential candidate to be used in a photonic area.
Os caminhos da docência na era digital: a utilização da sala de informática em escolas de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Medeiros, Lilian Maria de
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5485443089541989
In the present context, the continuous technological innovations and the emergence of new technologies allow the increase of the communication possibilities and the exchange of information and knowledge between people. In the educational field, we have contributions from recent studies with respect to the use of computers by teachers in the school context and its implications, as the studies by Valente, Barreto, Kenski, Beloni, Borba and Penteado, Fernandes, Monaco, and others. The present work is related to this field and seeks to answer the following question: What do the teachers think about the computer classrooms of the project School of the Future in São Carlos city for the students teaching and learning process? The goal of this work was to identify and to analyze the conceptions about the utilization of computers for the teaching-learning process in the school units where the project School of the Future is taking place. The main data source of this work was the answers to the questionnaire and interviews given by teachers who work in the school units where the project has been implemented. I analyzed the teachers perceptions on the possible contributions of the TICs to the work that has been carried out in the schools; on the students reactions to the use of computers in the classrooms; on the project School of the Future ; on the rules related to the use of the computer classrooms; and on the educational requirements for using the computers as a pedagogical tool. I used a questionnaire with open and close questions and semi-structured interviews in order to collect the data, which was analyzed later on in a qualitative way with the aim of establishing relations and identifying the perspectives of the research volunteers. For organization and systematization, some data is presented in graphs. To conclude, I realized that the teachers who took part in this research believe in the positive contribution of the use of computers in the school context, but they don t really use the available computers in the school due to lack of time, lack of skills or bureaucratic barriers. Also, many of them aren t aware of the school rules concerning the use of the computers, and in other cases, they believe that the computers classrooms should not be used by them. The data also revealed the necessity of some changes in the schools so that the teachers can use the available TICs, as well as more incentives by the education managers and the implementation of public policies for this practice.
Modelos de volatilidade estatística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Ishizawa, Danilo Kenji
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Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447
In the financial market usually notices are taken of the shares sequentially over the time in order to characterize them a time series. However, the major interest is to forecast the behavior of these shares. Motivated by this fact, a lot of models were created based on the past information considering constant averages and variance over time. Although, in financial series a feature often presented is called volatility, which can be noticed by the variance to vary in time. In order to catch this characteristic were developed the models of the family GARCH, that model the conditional variance through known information. These models were well used and have passed by many formulation modifications to be able to catch different effects, such as the effect leverage EGARCH. Thus, the goal is to estimate volatility patterns obeying the specifications of the family GARCH verifying which ones of them describe better the data inside and outside the sample.
Modelo I2P: recomendação de recursos baseando-se em preferências, interesses e popularidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Gotardo, Reginaldo Aparecido
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2508538092205306
The development of technologies that assist in the teach-learning process is an rgued subject in some areas of knowledge. The great diffusion of Web-based Educational Systems (WbE-S) has been shown the popularization of distance learning and its support tools. The Tidia-Ae project, support by FAPESP, aim at the development of a WbE-S that can use the concept about high velocity internet. But, the WbE Systems don t have a personal treatment of user s necessities. So, the offers of personalization resources for systems aim at improving the teach-learning process using the treatment of real necessities of each user. The content recommendation, more specifically a recommendation system, is one of several techniques for that and it is a non-intrusive meaning of help user s in a system with a lot of information. This technique was used in Tidia-Ae environment to development of this thesis. This thesis presents the I2P model based on metrics of Interests, Preferences and Popularity which are acquired by the measuring of the relationship of users and system resources. These metrics provide a form to calculate the recommendation offers of resources. The calculation is done using Collaborative Filtering technique and the personalization is offered in collaborative form, considering the group learning.
Efeitos anarmônicos e transições de fase em Pb1¡xLaxTiO3: estudo por espalhamento Raman dos efeitos de substituição catiônica, temperatura e pressão hidrostática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Joya, Miryam Rincón
;
Pizani, Paulo Sérgio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1038437165007849
In this work were studied e®ects of cationic substitution, hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the phonon spectra of PLT samples, Pb1¡xLaxTiO3 (PLT), using Raman scattering technique. The samples having La concentration x= 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20%, were prepared by the classic powder mixture of oxides. Other complementary techniques were used to characterize the samples as X-ray Di®raction, Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), apparent density measurements (ADM). Besides these cited experimental techniques, the Classic Molecular Dynamic Simulation was used to simulate, theoretically, the Raman scattering experimental results in PLT samples. The vibrational transverse optical (TO) mode frequency, with the lowest value, was specially explored in order to characterize and study the tetragonal-ferroelectric to cubic-paraelectric phase transition observed in PLT samples. With this set of results was possible to create a three-dimensional diagram for the structural phase transition as a function of La concentration, temperature and hydrostatic pressure. In this diagram is seen the critical values for pressure (Pc), La concentration (xc) and temperature (Tc) at the phase transition for each sample. Besides the phase diagram, the results also permitted to determine coe±cients for temperature, pressure and vibrational modes of materials. For the theoretical MD simulation of the structural phase transition induced by temperature was proposed a total potential function for four atoms, determining the ion-ion interaction on the crystalline structure based on the three atoms potential used to simulate PbTiO3. These simulated results show that this potential model can describe correctly the general structural behavior of PLT samples. These findings are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Diagnóstico quanto à gestão do consumo de materiais nos canteiros de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Santo, Leonardo Sérgio do Espírito
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Paliari, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4291306489404031
The Materials Consumption Management on building sites is an important tool for improving the performance of companies. Although the companies recognize this potential, few of them are managing in a systematic method and therefore do not enjoy fully the benefits from it. This work aims to achieve a diagnosis regarding the Materials Consumption Management on construction sites, with the carry out of a questionnaire survey based on the main requirements considered relevant in a Consumption Management System. This questionnaire was executed to a sample of 14 construction companies engaged mainly in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, of different size and with or without Quality Management System. As a result, most of the construction companies do not meet fully the requirements of a Materials Consumption Management System on construction sites, because there is not a systematic collection of indicators of losses / consumption of materials on building sites or no establishment of the goals of consumption / losses of materials based on a single database of the company or there is not the dissemination of information obtained under the building site to the other departments of the company or partners involved in the process of implementing the works. According to this diagnosis, 50% of the participating companies in the research do not have Materials Consumption Management System, 7.1% are incipient, 35.7% have a Semi-Structured System and only 7.1% of these construction companies (1 company) has a Structured Management System. Although this topic is relevant today, there is much to improve to implement, in fact, a Full Consumption System.
Atomização do jato líquido em um lavador venturi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-22)
Puentes, Néstor Alejandro Gómez
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Gonçalves, José Antônio Silveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337997526924402
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1336816781113834
Pease-Anthony Venturi gas scrubbers are well known equipments used when collection efficiency demands are superior to 90%. It utilizes liquid, in the form of droplets, to collect the pollutants. Initially, the droplets are concentrated in areas near the trajectory of jets from injection of liquid. The droplets are dispersed throughout the equipment, by reason of turbulence. Some of the main phenomena that affect the collection efficiency of a Pease-Anthony Venturi scrubber, as the penetration and trajectory of the liquid jet (distance covered for the liquid jet until its atomization) and the angle of spreading formed inside the throat are presented. With the purpose of obtaining a better understanding of the variables mentioned above, photographic images of the process of atomization of a liquid jet into the throat of a Pease-Anthony Venturi scrubber were taken, with throat gas velocities between 59 and 74m/s, jet velocities between 3.18 and 19.10m/s and liquid injected into the throat through different orifices.
Formação humana para o exercício da cidadania : os saberes da experiência de jovens membros do Conselho Municipal da Juventude de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-25)
Fernandes, Sabrina
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3127430790820095
This study sought to understand, from the perspective of young people, the knowledge built on the experience of being members of the Municipal Council of Youth of São Carlos (CMJ). For both, departed from the consideration that our experiences can be as educational processes. That is, people also educate from the experiences that are over their lives. As we all have the experience of participation in the world, all have different knowledge, based on which we live until then. The survey was developed starting from the recognition of the existence of an oppressive system dominant in our society, what do we do this mainly through the imposition culture. In this context, education is understood as a possible way forward in seeking the release of such a system. The intervention in the world for this is always political act. Thus, politics is not restricted to our relationship with the state, because no human action is depoliticized, every human act is loaded with ideas about the society in which they live. And education is also impossible to remain neutral and can serve both the system of domination, as tool to be desarmá it. They are mainly in social practices that are outside trigger the imposition of education that can develop educational processes that build the possibility of an education that liberates. Based on these understandings, this study had to investigate an area of youth participation, the CMJ, now based on assumptions that were as educational. It is a legally defined area of intervention for young people in the direction of municipal public policies. From the development of a qualitative research, which took as a tool for collecting data reflect the conduct of interviews with four young holders of CMJ, emerged 6 categories through which the results are presented: 1. participation, 2. expanding the visions of the world, 3. all: being-a-with-the-other in the world, 4. tolerance and solidarity, 5. living and talking, 6. the knowledge of experience. Participation may be desencadeadora of numerous educational processes by enabling the interaction between various people. Well, from the interaction that it triggers in a participatory environment, people can come to develop a dialogue, expand their visions of world and understand themselves as belonging to all. In this way are likely to modify their actions facing the reality in which they live. Thus, participation may trigger educational processes to promote citizen training for a conscious action in reality, in the direction desired by the subject that participates.
Análise citogenética em algumas espécies de peixes em uma região de divisor de águas entre riachos de bacias hidrográficas distintas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-25)
Ferreira Neto, Maressa
;
Moreira Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2970895500896024
Cytogenetics studies in headwaters fishes have contributed significantly to the citotaxonomy and cytossistematic of these organisms. However, little is known about this diversity in the vast majority of river basins, especially among populations of adjacent basin headwaters, as it occurs in the Corumbataí area of environmental protection (Área de Proteção Ambiental APA Corumbataí), São Carlos city, São Paulo state. This way, an attempt was made to perform a comparative karyotypic analysis among the populations of many fishes of the Feijão upstream, tributary of Jacaré-Guaçu river, Tietê basin, and the Pântano upstream, tributary of Mogi-Guaçu basin, associating the cytogenetic data with the evolutionary aspects and the dispersal of the species in the region. Were studied species belongs of five Pisces families: Characidae (Astyanax altiparanae, Astyanax fasciatus, Moenkhausia sanctafilomenae); Curimatidae (Cyphocharax modestus); Prochilodontidae (Prochilodus lineatus); Cichlidae (Geophagus brasiliensis, Cichlasoma facetum); and, Gymnotidae (Gymnotus carapo, Eigenmannia sp.). The Geophagus brasiliensis, Gymnotus carapo and, Astyanax altiparanae species were characterized using basic and molecular cytogenetics tools aiming to verify the similarities and/or the chromosomal changes occurred between allopatric species, while in the others were observed inherent specific problems only in one population. A great similarity of the karyotypic macrostructure was observed between G. brasiliensis and Gymnotus carapo populations in both regions studied. However, in A. altiparanae specie differences were detected in the karyotypic formulae and in the number of 18S ribosomal sites. So, the data obtained to G. brasiliensis and G. carapo indicate that despite they are separated by waters divisors, occurred the maintenance of a very similar karyotypic macrostructure, possibly reflecting a karyotypic stability of this specie. However, in A. altiparanae specie we can observe a certain degree of evolutionary divergence between the analyzed populations, resulted of a flow gene restriction.
Caracterização urbanística e hidrológica do uso e ocupação do solo urbano da cidade de Ribeirão Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26)
Garotti, Leonardo Monteiro
;
Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3401217708321924
Possibilidades de mediação dos espaços nas brincadeiras e aprendizagens das crianças na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26)
Sitta, Kellen Fabiana
;
Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4492756635947757
To understand the recent conceptions about childhood we have, necessarily, to seek in the historical aspects some answers for the present, due to the fact that a childhood vision also has historical and cultural relation, according to the Historical-cultural theory that grounded this research. In the long route of the history of attendance to childhood, researches and practices have been searching to affirm the importance of promoting a good quality education to all children - that involves diverse aspects of attendance, such as the ambient built. This work departed of the conception that the physical space of the infantile schools, appropriated at leisure activities of the children, can become a mediator of big relevance in the process of learning and development. Such being the case, the research matter that oriented this study was the following: What aspects are involved in the everyday of infantile schools so that the different spaces and equipments could work as mediators of the games of all children? The particular objective were: to diagnose the spaces (inside and outside) in the Infantile Schools of the municipal district of São Carlos; find out at schools which spaces are appropriated for games; analyze how those spaces are organized for the children plays and to identify/to analyze the mediation possibilities of the spaces in the learning and plays of the children. We used as a reference the Historical-cultural Theory because it acknowledge the game like main activity in the preschool phase, as long as for intermediate of it occur the most important changes in the psychic development of the child. The methodology used for the data collecting chose three different instruments: the first was a questionnaire applied at an extension activity about plays, at about 300 teachers of municipal district of São Carlos (SP), accomplished in the UFSCar (2006). The second instrument was a field research, in which was applied a questionnaire at 27 director of Infantile schools, about the physical structure of the schools and the activities accomplished in those spaces and; the third were observations of the games in the physical spaces of two units school. For the analysis of the data was chosen an only guideline that directed the over deepening of our glance in the specificities hinted by the data from the different instruments: the space like mediator of the playfully activities. Starting of that guideline could enlarge the analysis in four subguidelines, are they: 1. Physical structure - Quality of the spaces and learning of the children; 2. The outward and internal spaces like mediators of the activity kinds of the children; 3. Space, Game and Toys: the quality of the learning of the children and 4. The directed activities, the spaces and the teacher like mediator of the learning of the children. It is needed a profound reflection about insufficiencies interrelated to infra-structure and organization of the spaces in the Infantile institutions, conceiving that this is a big relevance factor in the mediation of the learning of the children. Our research also suggests that the space influence the teacher and contrary, being a reciprocal and continues motion.