Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2008-10-10"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Desempenho eletroquímico de compósitos de nanotubos de carbono como anodos para baterias de íon-lítio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-10-10) Bento, Fábio Ricardo; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523005531689304
In this work CNTs composite for use as Li-ion anode materials had been investigated. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes were measured by galvanostatic charge-discharge testes, cyclic voltammetric analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The first materials was discussed were the NiO:MWNTs composite. Previously, NiO powders were prepared via the spray pyrolysis technique and, the NiO:MWNTs composite was prepared by dispersion simultaneously of MWNTs and NiO powders using ultrasonicator. The electrochemical properties of NiO:MWNTs composite were investigated to determine their suitability as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The NiO:MWNTs composite electrodes exhibited better reversibility and higher capacities than NiO and MWNTs electrodes. The reasons for improved electrochemical performance of the composite electrodes are discussed. Another composite had been investigated was C-SnO2-SWNTs. The C-SnO2-SWNTs composite powder was prepared by mechanical ball milling and [C-SnO2]- dSWNTs was synthesized by dispersion SWNTs via ultrasonication into a premilled C-SnO2 composite mixture. It was found that the cyclic performance of the both composite materials was improved when they was compared to CSnO2. Free-standing SWNT paper electrodes have been synthesized by a simple filtration. With addition of C-SnO2 composite powder was prepared by mechanical milling, the specific capacity of the free-standing ([CSnO2] 0.5SWNTs0.5) paper electrode were greatly enhanced, so that they retained a capacity of 310 mAh g-1 beyond 30 cycles. On the other hand, the procedures for SWNTs electrode preparation were simplified, so the cost of the manufacturing could be reduced. The specific capacities at 20th cycle decrease in the order: [C-SnO2]-dSWNTs > [C-SnO2]0.5SWNTs0.5 > C-SnO2-SWNTs > NiO:MWNTs (70:30) > C-SnO2 > NiO > MWNTs.
Alterações de longo prazo na ingestão de sódio : aspectos neuroendócrinos, genômicos e comparativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-10-10) Pereira-Derderian, Daniela de Toledo Borba; Luca Júnior, Laurival Antonio de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4542655683955902
Sodium intake occurs either as a need-free or a need-induced behavior, which is enhanced by repeated episodes of treatments leading to extracellular dehydration or increased levels in natriorexigenic hormones. This enhancement is likely an adaptation to repeated episodic sodium loss mediated by the long-term effects of hormones on brain circuits subserving sodium appetite. The objective of the present thesis was to investigate three aspects of long-term alterations in sodium intake associated to angiotensin (ANG) II: 1) neuroendocrine: the effect of repeated episodes of FURO/CAP on need-induced and need-free sodium intake, 2) genomic: associate hypothalamic renin-angiotensin system mRNA alterations with sodium intake enhancement induced by repeated episodes of water deprivation followed by partial rehydration with water (WDPR), and 3) comparative: sodium appetite in SHR submitted to a single WDPR. Both protocols, WDPR and FURO/CAP, were effective methodologies to enhance sodium intake, not related to systemic changes, suggesting that its mechanisms are due to neural plasticity and salt addiction. Repeated blockade of Agtr1 receptors by losartan inhibited or abolished the enhancement in the need-free sodium intake produced by a history of FURO/CAP. This result suggests that encephalic ANG II may play a role in the sensitization of spontaneous sodium intake, and perhaps it does not occur in the hypothalamus because it was not correlated to any hypothalamic RAS mRNA alteration in the WDPR protocol. However, hydrated animals with a history of WDPR increased the hypothalamic mRNA encoding of ANG II receptor type-1a (Agtr1a) by 76%. The enhancement in the need-induced sodium intake in the WDPR was related to increased hypothalamic mRNA encoding of angiotensinogen, aminopeptidase N, X Agtr1-associated protein, and ANG receptor like-1 or apelin receptor by 43%, 60%, 36%, and 159% respectively. Thus, the enhancement in the sodium appetite in WDPR was associated with alterations in the hypothalamic gene expression related to RAS. Thus, hypothalamic ANG II and apelin may play a role in the long-term changes of need-induced sodium intake. Moreover, the increased cellular activity that occurred in the subfornical organ, pre-locus coeruleus, and caudal nucleus of the solitary tract is associated with a stronger sodium appetite shown by SHR. These results suggest that increased cellular activity in these areas is correlated with the avid sodium appetite shown by SHR in response to water deprivation. The results suggest that repeated activation of encephalic ANG II receptors, perhaps in different areas, is able to enhance both forms of sodium intake and reinforce encephalic ANG II as a peptide that mediates long-term effects on behavior.
O efeito do alongamento intermitente e da eletroestimulação na expressão gênica, na atividade de metaloproteases e na morfologia do músculo esquelético em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-10-10) Messa, Sabrina Peviani; Salvini, Tânia de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3105529494736011