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Para uma ética da amizade em Friedrich Nietzsche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-04) Oliveira, Jelson Roberto de; Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3050882318949006
This work aims to analyze the Nietzsche s project of an ethics of friendship, as it appears in the writings of the so-called second period of the production of the German philosopher (1876-1882). We begin with the hypothesis that the Nietzsche s philosophy undertaking must be understood as an experimental process that aims to overthrow the metaphysical foundations of the philosophy, art and religion to reveal a affirmative and original intent of morality in which the individual's self appears as main theme. This moral of the individuality, however, relies on the notion of friendship because the individual is understood by Nietzsche as a multiple and constituted from the basis of relations among their peers, whose result is the assertion of life. Objects to the morality of compassion for this lead to the denial of the existence abnegation of the individual and their submission to the fellow man, the German philosopher recovers the notion of friendship as antidote to the decadence of modern relationships, whose balance is the rise of the absolute value of equality gregarious and the consequent illness of the human. The assertion of himself and of the reality are the foundations of a type of thinking that connects the morality to individual pathos which is constructing the shaft from the experimental and obtain as result not a canon of values, but the freedom of spirit and happiness tragic-existential. This hypothesis will require an analysis of methodological assumptions that mark the thought of Nietzsche in this second period, summarized under the concept of experimentalism. In the first chapter of this work is carried out an examination of the experimental procedure and the use of this stratagem for analysis of life and human phenomenon, which leads to the relationship between loneliness, illness and friendship as a privileged space for experimenting with the individual with himself. The three following chapters deal with the Nietzsche's critical of the foundations of the ethics of compassion and then be listed the two devices that characterize the design his project of the ethics of friendship: freedom of spirit and sharing of happiness.The notion of freedom of spirit encompasses some of the virtues of his moral of the future: the courage of detachment, the simplicity that make possible the nomadic life of the stroller and strength of the enemy. The sharing of happiness refers, in turn, the concept of life as celebration, virtue of the laughter and a sense prophylactic of the Mitfreude, which opposed to the compassion (Mitleide) presents itself as a congratulation (Mitfreunde).
Efeitos de um programa de remediação fonológica nas habilidades de leitura e escrita em alunos com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-04) Sás, Roberta Moreno; Almeida, Maria Amélia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3057491034698544
Many studies show the importance of remediation programs to improve phonological skills of reading and writing, however few are concerned with results that could be found in students with Down syndrome. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the program for phonological remediation in the levels of reading and writing in students with the syndrome. The specific objectives were to verify students performance on phonological awareness and abilities on reading and writing. Eight students, with a diagnosis of Down syndrome considered literate by their teachers, participated of the study. They were divided into two groups: experimental group (EG) and control group of expected (CG). The study was conducted in schools where the participants were enrolled and involved three phases: pre-test, intervention and post-test. A design of various groups and tools for selection and characterization of the participants, as well as the measuring the effectiveness of the intervention program, was used. During intervention a Phonological Remediation Program was used and consisted of 8 stages: grapheme-phoneme correspondence 1, Breakdown of phonemes in syllables; Classification pairs words; Breakdown of phonemes in words; graphemephoneme correspondence 2; Identification of phoneme; Segmentation of phoneme and suppression of phoneme. Data analysis were made by comparing the performance of participants in the pre-and post-test. The results demonstrated that the Phonological Remediation Program was effective for students with Down syndrome, since it allowed improvement in the performance in tests of phonological awareness, reading aloud and writing under dictation of by eight students when compared to pre and post test situations. It was concluded that besides being effective, the program is easy to apply and of easy understanding by this population, and provides favorable results in a short period of time. Its application by the teachers of Down syndrome students is important to facilitate reading and writing learning.
As auditorias militares no aparato repressor do regime ditatorial (1965-1968)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-04) Wanderley, Erika Kubik da Costa; Martins Filho, João Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9367883500184419
The central objective of this research is to understand the relations established between the first instance of the Brazilian Military Justice the military audits and the repressive apparatus built by the Brazilian military regime in the period of institutionalization that starts with the edition of the second Institutional Act, in October of 1965 and finishes with the publication of the fifth Institutional Act, in December of 1968. The choice of this organ as an object of investigation is essentially, due to its importance in the legal architecture of the regime, mainly after the alterations established by the second Institutional Act, that transferred to the Military Justice the competence to prosecute and judge civil accused of crimes against the national security. The main analytic focus concentrated in the political judgments realized by this instance and the empirical material consisted essentially in primary fonts, of documentary character.