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Estudo da marcha com suporte parcial de peso corporal em piso fixo em pacientes hemiparéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Sousa, Catarina de Oliveira; Barela, Ana Maria Forti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2481128022542270; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522647106933904
Gait recovery is a one of the main goals of a rehabilitation program for hemiparetic individuals after stroke. Among the different approaches of gait training, the use of systems of partial body weight support (BWS) on treadmill has provided improvements in the pattern of movement of these individuals. However, the strategies adopted to walking on treadmill are different from the ones adopted to walking overground, and overground level is the more usual type of area, it is important to analyze the movement of these individuals while they use the SPPC on overground level, and investigate the effects of the gait training with BWS on ground level. Therefore, this dissertation is composed of two studies. The goal of the first study was to analyze the gait of chronic hemiparetics individuals with and without the system of BWS. For such, 13 chronic hemiparetics individuals were evaluated on three conditions: 1) walking freely with or without assistance; 2) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, however without relief of body weight; 3) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, with 30% body weight relief. Walking speed, cadence, stride length and speed, first and second double support, single support, and swing durations, range of motion (ROM) of ankle, knee, and hip joints, and foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of nonparetic and paretic limbs were analyzed on the three conditions. It was found that during the gait with 30% of BWS, participants reduced the speed of locomotion and stride length and speed. However, no effect was observed for temporal asymmetry. The ROM of hip, thigh, and trunk decreased on the 30% of BWS condition, and the trunk had become more upright. Although use of BWS system without relief of body weight has not changed the speed of locomotion, this condition has the same changes that the 30% of BWS conditions, however, more discreet. The changes found in the first study may be attributed to little time to adapt to the gait conditions on overground level with BWS and to the relief of body weight in the lower limbs. The second study aimed to analyse the effects of gait training with BWS on overground level in the gait of chronics hemiparetics. Thus, 12 chronics hemiparetics submitted to sessions of 45 minutes, three times a week, for six weeks participated in this study. The individuals were evaluated walking freely at self-selected comfortable speed before and after the training. The variables examined were walking speed, step length, stride length and speed, first and second double support, and single support durations, maximum and minimum angles, and ROM of foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of paretic and nonparetic limbs. After the training period, these individuals walked faster, with symmetry steps, and strides longer and faster. The asymmetry between paretic and nonparetic limbs remained for single support duration, and for ROM and, for maximum and minimum angles for all the segments. The minimum angles of foot and shank, maximum angle of thigh, and the ROM of all segments increased. This approach to training may be used as safe, specific, and promising alternative for gait recovery after stroke. Because this approach of BWS training on overground level is recent, further studies are needed to explore different percentages of weight relief and other stages of strokes, for example, in acute individuals hemiparetics.
A feminilidade e a mulher na obra de Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Domingues, Mariana Rosa Cavalli; Simanke, Richard Theisen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339062093335171
Studies about woman and about femininity, inside the psychoanalytic field may follow some very different rumors. The theme is enclosed by polemics and contradictions, once the after-Freud authors such as Klein, Brunswick, Bonaparte, Muller, Horney, Jones and Lacan introduce different points of view and disagree, even in the interpretation, with what Freud presented in his works. This survey aims to bring back the Freudian theory about woman and femininity, as well as solve some theoretical conflicts based on the misinterpretation of his texts. For a better understanding of the problem a brief description of the historic track of the theories about woman and femininity in the psychoanalytic stroke was accomplished. Among the said authors, stand out Lacan, for his innovations in the femininity conception and the feminine enjoyment. However, the mean objective of this work is Freud´s theory, that led him up to clinic studies. Hysteria, phobia and obsession are the pathologies found in the woman analised by Freud and that are part of this work. Each one of these diseases show a different logic in the production of symptoms, however all of them contribute to the construction of a theory about the feminine. In the works that talk about social themes antrophology, artistic and literary, Freud define the woman´s place in the social function, as well as he claim his point of view about the subject. References of femininity can be found in seductive and dangerous women as Medusa; and at the same time in feminine figures that represent love and fertility. Freud describe women as defenders of the familiar institution, that sometimes do not consider the social rules. This way of being, typically feminine hasn´t appeared just because of the culture of a civilization but also because of the sexuality. So, Freud´s text about feminine sexuality are also very import sources of woman conception. The castration complex, appeared with the investigation about the anatomic difference between the sexes and caused psychics consequences that brought the self satisfaction. So, the idea that Freud had created a falocentric theory in which the woman is always subordinate to her husband came on the scene. Trying to take part in this critic about the Freudian model, Birman propose a new view about the femininity. The definitions about feminine, though, can lead the psychoanalysis and the psychoanalysis philosophy theorists as David-Ménard to study about the universality of the femininity construction in Freud and Lacan. Thus, the study about femininity and the woman is led to a way across the Freudian work and includes experience in the psychosexual and cultural environment education.
Mangás e animes : sociabilidade entre cosplayers e otakus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Winterstein, Claudia Pedro; Toledo, Luiz Henrique de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8470714020717428
The interest by the outbreak of a group of people that are admirers of the Japanese pop culture - especially by the comic books (mangas) and the cartoons (animes) is what led me to the developing of this research, in which my goal is to understand the logic of the sociability among the consumers of these medias, through the use of some very important anthropological concepts, such as the sociability, the cultural consume and life style. To do so, I started a study that began at the mangas and animes conventions, where the otakus meet to participate in contests and workshops, as well as to watch the animes and musical presentations, and also to discuss their own stories. Beyond the merely social nature, these conventions have eventually became the first step to those who wish to enter the pop culture universe, besides being a way of assertion of a specific juvenile condition to those who are already a part of it.
A educação das relações étnico-raciais no ensino de Ciências: diálogos possíveis entre Brasil e Estados Unidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Silva, Douglas Verrangia Corrêa da; Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699024298055259
This study aims to understand the education process of Brazilian and American teachers that guide them to live ethnic-racial relationships in their field of work, the teaching of Science. The objective is to establish dialogue between educational processes experienced by these educators and the role assumed by their classes in the education of ethnic-racial relationships among the students. In this dialogue, points converging on the environment where they live and in the educational experiences of these teachers were identified. In the same way peculiarities are highlighted. To achieve the proposed objective, it was necessary to know experiences lived by the participants and their influence in the classrooms where they teach, as well as their views about the social function of science teaching, especially in the context of ethnic-racial relationships. Thus, the interaction between researcher and participants has become central to this study. In the case of Brazil, the encounter was lived in a teacher s preparation course. In the case of US, the encounter was lived in the context of teacher s school environment. The methodology, based on Merleau-Ponty s phenomenology, was useful to identify educational processes produced by experiences and by the thinking about the lived. These processes are constructed in the environment of family, community, teaching practice and in contact with the media. The mentioned spaces are marked by social relationships: ethnic-racial; gender and social class. The learning can lead to the establishment of relations based on racial hierarchies. It also can lead to search for overcoming prejudices and to engage in struggles against racism and discrimination, as well in the valorization of the ethnic-racial diversity. While teachers educate themselves to live ethnic-racial relationships they build guidelines for the Science teaching they develop with the students. In the process of pursuit the study s objective, we also revealed ways in which the teaching of science can contribute to the education of positive/fair, ethnic-racial relationships. These contributions are produced by participants and the researcher in collaboration and refer to activities, political postures that teachers can consider, suggestions of contents and approaches that can provide a Science teaching aligned to the stated assumptions.
Inferência bayesiana objetiva e freqüentista para a probabilidade de sucesso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Pires, Rubiane Maria; Rodrigues, Josemar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854480063777126
This study considers two discrete distributions based on Bernoulli trials: the Binomial and the Negative Binomial. We explore credibility and confidence intervals to estimate the probability of success of each distribution. The main goal is to analyze their performance coverage probability and average range across the parametric space. We also consider point analysis of bayesian estimators and maximum likelihood estimators, whose interest is to confirm through simulation their consistency, bias and mean square error. In this paper the Objective Bayesian Inference is applied through the noninformative Bayes-Laplace prior, Haldane prior, reference prior and least favorable prior. By analyzing the prior distributions in the minimax decision theory context we verified that the least favorable prior distribution has every other considered prior distributions as particular cases when a quadratic loss function is applied, and matches the Bayes-Laplace prior in considering the quadratic weighed loss function for the Binomial model (which was never found in literature). We used the noninformative Bayes-Laplace prior and Jeffreys prior for the Negative Binomial model. Our findings show through coverage probability, average range of bayesian intervals and point estimation that the Objective Bayesian Inference has good frequentist properties for the probability of success of Binomial and Negative Binomial models. The last stage of this study discusses the presence of correlated proportions in matched-pairs (2 × 2 table) of Bernoulli with the goal of obtaining more information in relation of the considered measures for testing the occurrence of correlated proportions. In this sense the Trinomial model and the partial likelihood function were used from the frequentist and bayesian point of view. The Full Bayesian Significance Test (FBST) was used for real data sets and was shown sensitive to parameterization, however, this study was not possible for the frequentist method since distinct methods are needed to be applied to Trinomial model and the partial likelihood function.
Medições destrutivas e não-destrutivas em campos eletromagnéticos e processos não-estacionários em eletrodinâmica quântica de circuitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Dodonov, Alexandre; Mizrahi, Salomon Sylvain; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143137168199991
Telurooxetanas: estudos cristalográficos, modelagem molecular e cálculos de docking para aplicação biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10) Maganhi, Stella Hernandez; Schpector, Júlio Zukerman; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1720675268286912
This work is composed of 4 chapters. In Chapter 1 is a description of the problems addressed here, starting with the characteristics of the protein, its biological and social importance, and the interactions responsible for both its structure and the formation of ligand-protein complexes, there is also a brief description of Te(IV) compounds followed by the presentation of the grounds of the experimental methods used, namely crystallography and docking. In Chapter 2 the objectives of this work are presented. Chapter 3 includes the experimental procedures that were used to determine the crystal and molecular structures, the modeling of the compounds that did not have crystallographic structure, as well as the molecular docking. In Chapter 4 are described and discussed the results. The crystal structures of the telluroxetanes (3E)-2-chloro-3-(chloromethylidene)-2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1-oxa-2 λ4- telluraspiro[3.6]decane (1) and of (3E)-2-chloro-3-(chloromethylidene)-2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1-oxa-2 λ4- telluraspiro[3.5]nonane (2) show that the coordination polyhedron around the atom of Te is a pseudo-pentagonal bipyramid. The supramolecular synthon is different in the two cases, in spite that the Te atom makes a secondary interaction with a halide, in both cases. The docking results for all tellurium compounds have shown that these ligands form complexes with Cathepsin B through the formation of a covalent bond between the Te and S of Cys29 of the enzyme. The differences in the values of scores from the docking and the number of interactions are due, mainly, the size of the carbon chain. Finally the conclusions and outlook can be found.