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Estudo da marcha com suporte parcial de peso corporal em piso fixo em pacientes hemiparéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Sousa, Catarina de Oliveira
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Barela, Ana Maria Forti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2481128022542270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522647106933904
Gait recovery is a one of the main goals of a rehabilitation program for hemiparetic individuals after stroke. Among the different approaches of gait training, the use of systems of partial body weight support (BWS) on treadmill has provided improvements in the pattern of movement of these individuals. However, the strategies adopted to walking on treadmill are different from the ones adopted to walking overground, and overground level is the more usual type of area, it is important to analyze the movement of these individuals while they use the SPPC on overground level, and investigate the effects of the gait training with BWS on ground level. Therefore, this dissertation is composed of two studies. The goal of the first study was to analyze the gait of chronic hemiparetics individuals with and without the system of BWS. For such, 13 chronic hemiparetics individuals were evaluated on three conditions: 1) walking freely with or without assistance; 2) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, however without relief of body weight; 3) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, with 30% body weight relief. Walking speed, cadence, stride length and speed, first and second double support, single support, and swing durations, range of motion (ROM) of ankle, knee, and hip joints, and foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of nonparetic and paretic limbs were analyzed on the three conditions. It was found that during the gait with 30% of BWS, participants reduced the speed of locomotion and stride length and speed. However, no effect was observed for temporal asymmetry. The ROM of hip, thigh, and trunk decreased on the 30% of BWS condition, and the trunk had become more upright. Although use of BWS system without relief of body weight has not changed the speed of locomotion, this condition has the same changes that the 30% of BWS conditions, however, more discreet. The changes found in the first study may be attributed to little time to adapt to the gait conditions on overground level with BWS and to the relief of body weight in the lower limbs. The second study aimed to analyse the effects of gait training with BWS on overground level in the gait of chronics hemiparetics. Thus, 12 chronics hemiparetics submitted to sessions of 45 minutes, three times a week, for six weeks participated in this study. The individuals were evaluated walking freely at self-selected comfortable speed before and after the training. The variables examined were walking speed, step length, stride length and speed, first and second double support, and single support durations, maximum and minimum angles, and ROM of foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of paretic and nonparetic limbs. After the training period, these individuals walked faster, with symmetry steps, and strides longer and faster. The asymmetry between paretic and nonparetic limbs remained for single support duration, and for ROM and, for maximum and minimum angles for all the segments. The minimum angles of foot and shank, maximum angle of thigh, and the ROM of all segments increased. This approach to training may be used as safe, specific, and promising alternative for gait recovery after stroke. Because this approach of BWS training on overground level is recent, further studies are needed to explore different percentages of weight relief and other stages of strokes, for example, in acute individuals hemiparetics.
A feminilidade e a mulher na obra de Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Domingues, Mariana Rosa Cavalli
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Simanke, Richard Theisen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339062093335171
Studies about woman and about femininity, inside the psychoanalytic field may follow some very different rumors. The theme is enclosed by polemics and contradictions, once the after-Freud authors such as Klein, Brunswick, Bonaparte, Muller, Horney, Jones and Lacan introduce different points of view and disagree, even in the interpretation, with what Freud presented in his works. This survey aims to bring back the Freudian theory about woman and femininity, as well as solve some theoretical conflicts based on the misinterpretation of his texts. For a better understanding of the problem a brief description of the historic track of the theories about woman and femininity in the psychoanalytic stroke was accomplished. Among the said authors, stand out Lacan, for his innovations in the femininity conception and the feminine enjoyment. However, the mean objective of this work is Freud´s theory, that led him up to clinic studies. Hysteria, phobia and obsession are the pathologies found in the woman analised by Freud and that are part of this work. Each one of these diseases show a different logic in the production of symptoms, however all of them contribute to the construction of a theory about the feminine. In the works that talk about social themes antrophology, artistic and literary, Freud define the woman´s place in the social function, as well as he claim his point of view about the subject. References of femininity can be found in seductive and dangerous women as Medusa; and at the same time in feminine figures that represent love and fertility. Freud describe women as defenders of the familiar institution, that sometimes do not consider the social rules. This way of being, typically feminine hasn´t appeared just because of the culture of a civilization but also because of the sexuality. So, Freud´s text about feminine sexuality are also very import sources of woman conception. The castration complex, appeared with the investigation about the anatomic difference between the sexes and caused psychics consequences that brought the self satisfaction. So, the idea that Freud had created a falocentric theory in which the woman is always subordinate to her husband came on the scene. Trying to take part in this critic about the Freudian model, Birman propose a new view about the femininity. The definitions about feminine, though, can lead the psychoanalysis and the psychoanalysis philosophy theorists as David-Ménard to study about the universality of the femininity construction in Freud and Lacan. Thus, the study about femininity and the woman is led to a way across the Freudian work and includes experience in the psychosexual and cultural environment education.
Mangás e animes : sociabilidade entre cosplayers e otakus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Winterstein, Claudia Pedro
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8470714020717428
The interest by the outbreak of a group of people that are admirers of the Japanese pop culture - especially by the comic books (mangas) and the cartoons (animes) is what led me to the developing of this research, in which my goal is to understand the logic of the sociability among the consumers of these medias, through the use of some very important anthropological concepts, such as the sociability, the cultural consume and life style. To do so, I started a study that began at the mangas and animes conventions, where the otakus meet to participate in contests and workshops, as well as to watch the animes and musical presentations, and also to discuss their own stories. Beyond the merely social nature, these conventions have eventually became the first step to those who wish to enter the pop culture universe, besides being a way of assertion of a specific juvenile condition to those who are already a part of it.
Inferência bayesiana objetiva e freqüentista para a probabilidade de sucesso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Pires, Rubiane Maria
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Rodrigues, Josemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854480063777126
This study considers two discrete distributions based on Bernoulli trials: the Binomial and the Negative Binomial. We explore credibility and confidence intervals to estimate the probability of success of each distribution. The main goal is to analyze their performance coverage probability and average range across the parametric space. We also consider point analysis of bayesian estimators and maximum likelihood estimators, whose interest is to confirm through simulation their consistency, bias and mean square error. In this paper the Objective Bayesian Inference is applied through the noninformative Bayes-Laplace prior, Haldane prior, reference prior and least favorable prior. By analyzing the prior distributions in the minimax decision theory context we verified that the least favorable prior distribution has every other considered prior distributions as particular cases when a quadratic loss function is applied, and matches the Bayes-Laplace prior in considering the quadratic weighed loss function for the Binomial model (which was never found in literature). We used the noninformative Bayes-Laplace prior and Jeffreys prior for the Negative Binomial model. Our findings show through coverage probability, average range of bayesian intervals and point estimation that the Objective Bayesian Inference has good frequentist properties for the probability of success of Binomial and Negative Binomial models. The last stage of this study discusses the presence of correlated proportions in matched-pairs (2 × 2 table) of Bernoulli with the goal of obtaining more information in relation of the considered measures for testing the occurrence of correlated proportions. In this sense the Trinomial model and the partial likelihood function were used from the frequentist and bayesian point of view. The Full Bayesian Significance Test (FBST) was used for real data sets and was shown sensitive to parameterization, however, this study was not possible for the frequentist method since distinct methods are needed to be applied to Trinomial model and the partial likelihood function.
A educação das relações étnico-raciais no ensino de Ciências: diálogos possíveis entre Brasil e Estados Unidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Silva, Douglas Verrangia Corrêa da
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Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699024298055259
This study aims to understand the education process of Brazilian and American teachers that guide them to live ethnic-racial relationships in their field of work, the teaching of Science. The objective is to establish dialogue between educational processes experienced by these educators and the role assumed by their classes in the education of ethnic-racial relationships among the students. In this dialogue, points converging on the environment where they live and in the educational experiences of these teachers were identified. In the same way peculiarities are highlighted. To achieve the proposed objective, it was necessary to know experiences lived by the participants and their influence in the classrooms where they teach, as well as their views about the social function of science teaching, especially in the context of ethnic-racial relationships. Thus, the interaction between researcher and participants has become central to this study. In the case of Brazil, the encounter was lived in a teacher s preparation course. In the case of US, the encounter was lived in the context of teacher s school environment. The methodology, based on Merleau-Ponty s phenomenology, was useful to identify educational processes produced by experiences and by the thinking about the lived. These processes are constructed in the environment of family, community, teaching practice and in contact with the media. The mentioned spaces are marked by social relationships: ethnic-racial; gender and social class. The learning can lead to the establishment of relations based on racial hierarchies. It also can lead to search for overcoming prejudices and to engage in struggles against racism and discrimination, as well in the valorization of the ethnic-racial diversity. While teachers educate themselves to live ethnic-racial relationships they build guidelines for the Science teaching they develop with the students. In the process of pursuit the study s objective, we also revealed ways in which the teaching of science can contribute to the education of positive/fair, ethnic-racial relationships. These contributions are produced by participants and the researcher in collaboration and refer to activities, political postures that teachers can consider, suggestions of contents and approaches that can provide a Science teaching aligned to the stated assumptions.
Telurooxetanas: estudos cristalográficos, modelagem molecular e cálculos de docking para aplicação biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Maganhi, Stella Hernandez
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Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1720675268286912
This work is composed of 4 chapters. In Chapter 1 is a description of the problems addressed here, starting with the characteristics of the protein, its biological and social importance, and the interactions responsible for both its structure and the formation of ligand-protein complexes, there is also a brief description of Te(IV) compounds followed by the presentation of the grounds of the experimental methods used, namely crystallography and docking. In Chapter 2 the objectives of this work are presented. Chapter 3 includes the experimental procedures that were used to determine the crystal and molecular structures, the modeling of the compounds that did not have crystallographic structure, as well as the molecular docking. In Chapter 4 are described and discussed the results. The crystal structures of the telluroxetanes (3E)-2-chloro-3-(chloromethylidene)-2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1-oxa-2 λ4- telluraspiro[3.6]decane (1) and of (3E)-2-chloro-3-(chloromethylidene)-2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1-oxa-2 λ4- telluraspiro[3.5]nonane (2) show that the coordination polyhedron around the atom of Te is a pseudo-pentagonal bipyramid. The supramolecular synthon is different in the two cases, in spite that the Te atom makes a secondary interaction with a halide, in both cases. The docking results for all tellurium compounds have shown that these ligands form complexes with Cathepsin B through the formation of a covalent bond between the Te and S of Cys29 of the enzyme. The differences in the values of scores from the docking and the number of interactions are due, mainly, the size of the carbon chain. Finally the conclusions and outlook can be found.
Medições destrutivas e não-destrutivas em campos eletromagnéticos e processos não-estacionários em eletrodinâmica quântica de circuitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-10)
Dodonov, Alexandre
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Mizrahi, Salomon Sylvain
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143137168199991
O bairro está on-line? Vivências e sociabilidade(s) juvenis em um bairro da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-11)
Reis, Juliana Batista dos
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4298711727488088
Is it possible to think about periphery on Internet? From a ethnographic view, this research aims to describe some youth practices which supposes the formation of ties and relations implying determined ways of understanding a Belo Horizonte's "peripheral" region: a neighborhood on Nova Contagem. To comprehend the dynamics of socialization process and sociability, we, privilege two observational "places": a LAN gaming center and virtual communities about Nova Contagem on website Orkut (www.orkut.com). The research reveals a intense on-line interaction between the youth who lives on the same neighborhood, besides virtual communities created in virtue of this belonging. The notion of periphery is discussed as analysis' category, spatial reference, as well as its symbolic senses presents on youth s testimony. We try to reveal the interfaces and (dis)continuity between the Internet meetings and face-to-face meetings at LAN gaming Center and other activities on neighborhood.
Programa de habilidades sociais educativas com pais : efeitos sobre o desempenho social e acadêmico de filhos com TDAH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-11)
Rocha, Margarette Matesco
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5438283938938377
Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity/Impulsitivity Disorder (ADHD) children frequently show problems in the social interaction what results in social, emotional and academic impairment. Programs developed to teach educative social skills to parents of ADHD children can contribute to the change of this behavior pattern. The proposal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a training in Educative Social Skills program for parents of ADHD children, focusing both on its internal and external validity. The sample was composed by 16 mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD, randomly assigned into two groups: Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). For the selection of the sample, in addition to the diagnosis of ADHD, the children must be between 7 and 12 years old, be attending to the elementary school and be under medication specific for ADHD. The study involved five phases: selection of the sample, pre-intervention assessment, intervention, post-intervention evaluation and follow-up. In the phases pre, post-intervention and follow-up, the assessment of the mother s social skills repertory was done through the use of self-report instruments (IHS-Del-Prette) and the Educative Social Skills through questionnaire and video filming. The children social skills repertoire was assessed by the mothers, the teachers and the children themselves through SSRS-BR in the three phases of the program. The program was composed by 31 group sessions and 12 individual sessions. The results were analyzed in relation to the frequency of the total and factorial scores (IHS-Del-Prette e SSRS-BR), and the scores for the filming and the questionnaire. For all the measures in the different moments the data were computed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 16.0) and analyzed statistically (Mann-Whitney - independent samples and Wilcoxon - related samples). The results show that the program was effective in promoting significant changes for the mothers of the EG, mainly, for those skills which were the target of the intervention. The generalization of these skills, for the familiar context, favored meaningful changes in the social behaviors, behavior problems and academic competency of the children showed external validity. The differences between the two groups, experimental and control, showed impact over the mothers and the children behaviors, indicating its internal validity.
Análise de metabólitos secundários produzidos por fungos endofíticos associados à Cupressus lusitanica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Amaral, Luciana da Silva
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2220942607249351
Some phytopatogenic fungi found in Cupressus species produces phytotoxins very aggressive to the host plant. Surprisingly, these toxins are diterpenoids structures, as well as some endogenus metabolites in Cupressus species. This fungi ability appears to be a specialized strategy in the association fungi-plant. These observations motivated the development of the present work, which relates the isolation of microorganisms associated to the species Cupressus lusitanica, and to its study, aiming a correlation of the chemical profile among the organisms involved in this association. During two collects of plant material from an exemplar found in the campus of the UFSCar, five endophytic fungi had been isolated and called NICL1-5. A preliminary identification indicated that possibly four of them belong to the Xylaria genus, and one to the Guignardia genus (NICL4). The analysis with GC-MS had detected three isocoumarins (mellein, mellein methyl ether, 5- formylmellein), as well as an eremophilane sesquiterpene (valencene) in extracts of NICL3 fungi. From the extracts of the same fungi, had been obtained three eremophilanes sesquiterpenes (two news in literature) by the use of classical methodologies of chromatography. These compounds had been identified using a series of NMR data in 1D and 2D. From the study of the secondary metabolites of NICL5 had been obtained ergosterol, sorbitol and three cytochalasins (cytochalasin C, cytochalasin D and cytochalasin Q). The metabolism if NICL5 had also been studied, when free amino acids were added in the culture medium. By the analysis with HPLC-MS significant alterations in the NICL5 metabolism had been detected, as a possible induction of the biosynthesis of a new cytochalasin, from the amino acid tryptofane. The analysis of the plant material indicated the presence of biflavonoids and some diterpenes. However, these compounds had not been detected in fungi extracts, being identified only sesquiterpenes.
Uso de sistemas de medição de desempenho para melhoria contínua: um estudo da influência do estilo de gestão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Goessler, Luiz Geraldo Micheletti
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3276830381478646
Performance measurement systems are part of the daily routine of managers, due to the fact that organizations under their administration operate in a dynamic, complex environment where information-based decision and action taking are vital. Several uses to performance measurement systems can foster improvements. To any of these purposes the performance measurement systems are always driving behavior to process improvement. In doing so, they can act as an enabler to continuous improvement programs since other organizational factors allow this use. In performance measurement systems literature no factor is so commented as organizational culture however. In this research field, this factor is commonly handled as managerial behavior, or managerial style, used by managers in charge of the managerial control. The aim of this dissertation is to clarify the relationship between managerial style and the use of performance measurement systems as an enabler of continuous improvement initiatives. An exploratory study was developed using participant observation and document review techniques in case studies. Empirical results show that the use of performance measurement systems in an interactive way is achieved through a process-relational management style. In this case there is more commitment to continuous improvement programs. On the other hand, the use of performance measurement systems in diagnostic way is achieved through a systemic-control management style. In this case there is less commitment to the continuous improvement programs. Furthermore, the use of performance measurement systems as an enabler of continuous improvement programs depends on its use as an interactive control system in al management levels and in the whole measurement cycle.
Interfaces educação especial e fonoaudiologia: um estudo bibliométrico baseado na produção científica de dissertações e teses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Bello, Suzelei Faria
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4609730714788392
Speech Pathology and Special Education establish relations of proximity due to similar objects of studies. Besides, the integrated work between professionals maximizes opportunities of growth for both areas. Therefore, the overall objective suggested in this research is to understand how Speech Pathology was taken as the object of research in Special Education based on the analysis of scientific production of dissertations and thesis of the Graduate Program in Special Education of Universidade Federal de São Carlos (PPGEEs/UFSCar). For that reason, the scientific production in Special Education with interface in Speech Pathology was mapped and the main aspects that support such integration were identified. The data source were thesis and dissertations defended in PPGEEs/UFSCar between 1981 and 2005. This program was chosen for being the first and only of the area in the country. The methodological procedures to develop the research involved the following steps: a) review of literature in Special Education and Speech Pathology; b) survey and data collection of dissertations and thesis in Special Education held in PPGEES/UFSCar that had interface with Speech Pathology c) categorization and bibliometric analysis. The results obtained through bibliometric analysis revealed that 74 studies analyzed refer to the interface between Special Education and Speech Pathology; hearing disability was the most investigated; the pieces work were focused on the theme "Teaching and learning" and while conducting a quantitative analysis of the references used on the pieces of work that have the co-relation with the area of Speech Pathology, it was observed that they were indexed in the magazine Pro-fono: Revista de Atualização Científica and in the Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders; the pieces of work of Special Education in the magazine Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial. Finally, this study aimed to promote the interdisciplinarity between these areas, identified trends and emerging themes that may favor the joint action of these professionals. Moreover, the dissertation aimed to contribute to the construction of a process of reflection and assessment of information produced in Special Education consolidated in scientific production of thesis and dissertations and its interface with Speech Pathology.
Contribuições da análise da atividade e do modelo social para a inclusão no trabalho de pessoas com deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Simonelli, Angela Paula
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6477451021909733
In this study, we meant to analyze disable people s inclusion policies and actions regarding to Brazilian work market. The Law 8213/91 and the Decree 3298/99 have been based on the biomedical model and have directed the actions in Brazil. The Legislation determines reservation of market for the people with disabilities. However, it does not present any sort of methodological actions concerning inclusion. The biomedical model understands disability in a way that it does not empower effective inclusion. Therefore, this view points towards assisting actions that do not guarantee education, knowledge or professional development. It historically maintains some persons excluded from work. The social model considers the preparation of people with disabilities and the society strengthening the concept of inclusion. The methodological assumptions concerning both the social model of disability and the analysis of the work activity directed the assessment of the practices based on the biomedical model. Exploratory research methods were employed in order to analyze practices adopted by public and private institutions in Brazil as well as to the bibliographical research. Among 39 proposals of action examined, we had chosen three because they were the more significant and thus interviews were done in loco. Action research was used in a pilot study developed in a textile industry. This pilot study involved five people with disabilities, partnerships among institution of instruction, research and local governmental organizations. This study aimed both to analyze empirically techniques and methods of inclusion based on work activity and to assess whether inclusion of people with disabilities is tightly related to analyzis and adaptation concerning the work activities. Conclusions present the relevance of the social model of disability as basement for inclusion actions and the analyzis of work activity which shall comprise adaptations on the local of work and its work contents and processes for the people. Some factors may explain the low number of employed persons in relation to the market demanding: although the Law 8213/91 has been in operation for 17 years, its regulation took a long time; the inspection has still not have necessary structure; the public and private investment in professional qualification and in adaptation of work activities has still been insufficient. The lack of information on the work activities by employers as well as by the institutions for people with disabilities, the lack of accessibility in companies and the social stigma related to functional capacities and abilities of people with disabilities are the most difficulties in direction to inclusion. This study proposes a program under municipal ownership whereas it permits to know the local demanding of people with disabilities and companies. This program also might consider actions that provide working qualification for the people with disabilities, remove environment obstacles and aide the companies to useful adjustments for inclusion.
Estudos biossintéticos de amidas bis-fenilpropanoídicas produzidas pelo fungo Penicillium brasilianum, um endofítico de Melia azedarach (Meliaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Fill, Taícia Pacheco
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0741638379707154
In the present work it was developed analytical methodologies for investigation of biosynthesis of bis-phenylpropanoyl amides, using labeled precursors in the culture medium. The effect of different nitrogen sources on the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides production was also evaluated. These amides are reported as antiparasitary compounds and they also showed activity against gram-positive Bacillus subtilis in bioassays conducted at LaBioMMi (DQ/UFSCar). The analytical methodologies developed were based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry techniques, mainly electrospray ionization (ESI) and MS/MS. Using the methodologies developed for preparative liquid chromatography it were isolated the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides, brasiliamide A and B and other secondary metabolites co-produced. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques allowed fragmentation studies which lead to selective detection experiments of brasiliamides in mediums enhanced with different nitrogen sources. The quantitative analysis (HPLC/UV-MS/MS) indicated great influence of the amino acid L-phenylalanine on the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides production. From these results, the biosynthesis of the phenylapropanoids was investigated using [2-13CPhe]. The RMN 13C and HPLC/UV-MS analysis showed the incorporation of two amino acid units on brasiliamides structure formed by the phenylpropanoids pathway, which is uncommon in fungi. The first phenylpropanoid pathway step was evaluated throw using enzymatic extract with Phenylalanine ammoniolyase (PAL). The HPLC/UV analysis indicates the formation of cinnamic acid from Lphenylalanine.
Habilidades sociais acadêmicas de crianças com baixo e alto desempenho acadêmico na interação com o professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Fumo, Vivian Maria Stabile
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Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6947148117600264
Identifying the features related to the quality of teacher-student interaction and to the set of teacher and student s social skills is a key aspect for a more accurate understanding of learning difficulties. Studies show qualitative differences in the pattern of social interactions established by children with low and high academic performance with their teachers. However, due to small numbers of participants, those results might not be generalized. The main goal of this study was to identify behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the social interaction with the teacher, from academic social skills classes, investigating how the likely qualitative differences in patterns of interaction was an extended sample of participants. 41 students with low academic performance (GSLAP) and 44 students with high academic performance (GSHAP) from first to fourth grades, attending to Public Elementary Schools, participated in this research. It was performed shootings of the classroom environment to collect the data about behavioral patterns of students in the social interaction with the teacher. Children´s pattern of social skills were evaluated by the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR) in the version of self-assessment and evaluation by the teacher. The shootings were analyzed through observations of the academic social skills classes. The SSRS-BR s results were analyzed according to criteria established by instrument. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Concerning to academic social skills, main results were: (a) there were differences between academic social skills classes show more frequently by GSLAP and by GSHAP; (b) a few number of academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about gender and academic subject; (c) no academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about grade. The main results about social skills were: (a) GSHAP obtained mean performance in the selfassessment and in the evaluation by the teacher; (b) GSLAP obtained mean performance in the self-assessment and obtained lower than the mean performance in the evaluation by the teacher; (c) in the self-assessment and in the evaluation by the teacher there were not statistically significant differences about grade in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP; (d) there were statistically significant differences about gender in some SSRS-BR s scores in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP. Results show a difference between the behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the interaction with the teacher, and differences between the patterns of social skills of these two groups. Though these differences might not be stated as critical to their academic difficulties, they certainly might not be ignored as a condition that aggravates the possibilities of development of students in the school.
Uso de armadilhas Malaise como estratégia de avaliação de bioindicadores em agroecossistemas : diversidade e guildas de Braconidae em diferentes mosaicos vegetacionais da Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa), São Carlos, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Pereira, Aline Garcia
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8918929351920606
This work aimed to study the composition and distribution of the fauna of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in three ecosystems of Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa, Sao Carlos, Brazil), analyse the bioindicator potential of that group and its possible use by farmers in order to contribute for the use of a more sustainable agroecosystems. The specimens were captured by three Malaise traps installed respectively in a agrosilvipastoril system, atlantic forest and reforestation area (ecological corridor) from January to July of 2008. A total of 566 Braconidae specimens were collected distributed in 21 subfamilies and 57 genera. In the agrosilvipastoril area Earinus and Digonogastra were the most abundant; Dolichozele the was the more abundant in the area of reforestation and Apanteles in the atlantic forest .The agrosilvipastoril system showed the greatest richness of genera and in the atlantic forest was obtained a greater number of genera exclusive. The reforestation and agrosilvipastoril system showed high similarity, although this last had great human influence, resulting from the deployment of pasture. The reforestation is characterized by having characteristic vegetation considered as an ecological corridor, next to a place before occupied by degraded pasture. The atlantic forest is different from the others with good conditions to recovery of the original species. The improving conditions for regeneration, possibly harbors a rich fauna of insect hosts. The results indicate that in the three environments it was not reached the stage of asymptotic curves of accumulation, indicating the need of a longer period of sampling for a more precise knowledge of local fauna of Braconidae. In all environments there was a higher incidence of koinobiont endoparasitoids, which are specialists and therefore considered good bioindicators of the environmental quality.
Crises das Idades - os entraves nas práticas docentes e as implicações no desenvolvimento da criança : uma leitura a partir de Vygotski
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Caram, Adriana Maria
;
Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4559864153670454
The proposal of the present work is based on a deeper theoretical analysis of the studies by Vygotsky concerning the Age Crisis, dealt it in volume IV of his works. The manifestation of crises has always been seen as a deviation of standard norms or as a disease in preschool institutions and by some psychologists. This research has attempted to discuss another perspective in the analysis of the Age Crisis, understood by Vygotsky as being turning points in the development of a child, characterized by sudden, impetuous changes, as if they were revolutionary acts, both because of the rhythm of change and their meaning. The research question that guided our work was: How do preschool educators perceive and deal with the moments of crises in the development of children? The three objectives are: analyzing how the teachers perceive the moments of crises in the development of children; identifying and analyzing possible moments of crises among the children and researching and analyzing the attitudes taken by the teachers to solve the possible development crises in children. Data collection was carried out at a crèche in a public university in the state of São Paulo. The research method was based on Vygotsky s Historical-Cultural Theory. The results were analyzed in two different ways: The teachers perception concerning the Age Crisis in Preschool Education and its manifestation in children and The teachers and their interventions in the moments of crises. Such analyses indicate that the teachers notice the crises manifestations that occur in the development of the child. However, there seems to be a gap in their training that prevent them from perceiving such crises in a positive way, which is necessary for a new psychological organization of the child s personality. Finally, the way educators act has to be re-thought so that it is possible to adopt a reflexive pedagogical practice, based on the Historical-Cultural Theory, which understands the child as a concrete subject who participates and makes history happen.
Tubos atomizadores de titânio em espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico (TS-FF-AAS) para a determinação de cobre em materiais biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Gomes, Marcos da Silva
;
Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6690089613051332
In this work it was used Ti atomizers tubes employing TS-FF-AAS system to improve the analytical performance of FAAS. The TS-FF-AAS was applied for Cu determination in food and biological samples. The Ti tubes were used as an alternative of the Ni tubes. It was evaluated different arrangements of Ti tubes, as well as tubes combining Ni and Ti (Ni/Ti) inserting Ti tube inside Ni tubes. A 24 factorial design was performed in order to evaluate the influence of several variables in the system. The best results were achieved using a 300 L sample loop, 5 mm tube height, 0.4 mL min-1 carrier flow rate, and 70 mm Ti tube length. Tube length was the most important variable, presenting a positive effect of 30%. This high sensitivity is related to the formation of TiO2 (confirmed by microanalysis and X-ray difractometry) inside the Ti tube (gain of 45% mass in comparisson of inicial mass), improving the Cu atomization through the oxide via. The detection limit obtained was 2 µg L-1 . Gaseous phase temperatures of Ni, Ti, and Ni/Ti tubes were estimate using a Sn 150 mg L-1 solution in order to explain differences in sensitivity. The estimated temperatures for the tubes (Ni, Ti and Ni/Ti) were in the same magnitude, suggesting that the temperature in the gaseous phase is not the reason for high sensitivity using Ni/Ti tubes. Cu 500 µg L-1 signal was measured in the presence of Ca, K, Mg and Na using a 24 factorial design. According to the probability graphic a 10 % increase in the Cu signal was observed only when Mg was present and K presence decrease the Cu signal. The behaviors of the Ni and Ni/Ti atomizers tubes were similar in the concomitants presence. The method accuracy was confirmed using certified references materials (CRM’s). The samples were digested by microwave-assistence and the recoveries values ranged from 91 to 107%. The unpared t test did not show statistic difference between certified and found values, into the confidence level of 95%.
Desenvolvimento de baixo impacto aplicado ao processo de planejamento urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-15)
Tavanti, Débora Riva
;
Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9054494177343901
Urbans areas even biggens are becoming impermeabilized reducing the soil`s infiltration rate and increasing the velocity and volume of runoff, changing meaningly the hydrological cycle and causing floods. A set of techniques able to create hydrologically functional landscape can be found at Low Impact Development (LID) that works just similar to the natural, becoming possible the development of projects adapted to the natural topography, maintaining the yield of the lot and the local hydrological function; aiming at esthetics valorization and stormwater control management with low cost. This study makes use of this methodology since the beginning of the planning process, working at the some time with urban, environmental and hydrological aspects, intending to recuperate or even to keep the pre-development behavior of the area. To support the local hydrology, reduce sealing, keeping time to concentrate, to keep Fingerprinting, enhance infiltration, among others. It compares the predevelopment conditions, the conventional urbanization and that with LID techniques related to aspects mentioned to a specifc area at UFSCar Campus, São Paulo. This search revealed that is possible to have an urban planning using LID, with urban, environmental and hydrological advantages in the opposite to the conventional development systems, such as the increase of permeable areas, vegetation areas and the reduction of peak discharge and stormwater runoff. Low impact development makes these interventions in a simultaneous way just to re-establish the pre-existents conditions, and then to make use of integrated management`s practice.
Análise da adaptação familiar e estratégias estabelecidas para construção de vínculos afetivos na adoção tardia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Dugnani, Katia Cristina Bandeira
;
Oliveira, Susi Lippi Marques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4050012791414778
Analyzing the risk factors to the infantile development in light of the reality of a country limited in economic resources as Brazil, the observation of abandonment cases of less favored children has become common. In the scope of the parental affective interactions and reduction of the risks for a healthful development, the reconstruction of these affective bonds for innumerable children around the country occurs through the adoption. Specialized literature shows that the late adoption (children above 2 years old) is the most difficult action to be materialized because of the absence of their parents and the lack of care for their real needs. In this way, the objective of this study was to identify to the difficulties and easinesses of the parents in the construction process of affective bonds by pointing out the strategies used in the late adoption considering their expectations and motivations. As a technical resource, it was used an instrument (form), composed of open and closed questions, aiming to characterize the participants. After its gauging (through the semantics and content analysis and application for suitability) with 23 collaborators, the instrument became apt for application in a selected sample. The data acquisition was carried out with 19 enrolled parents who accomplished late adoption in the district of São Carlos-SP. For this purpose, they were divided into groups according with the age of the children at the adoption: group G1 (children adopted with 2 years); group G2 (children adopted between 3 and 6 years of age); and group G3 (children adopted between 7 and 10 years of age). The results have evidenced the late adopters profile, which, in their majority, presented a high level of maturity and education. Besides, the late adopters are above of the national average socio-economic level. The main motivation found for the late adoption was the age of the children adopted, being defined as the act of educate and take care of a child. The major fear of the parents is not related with the former history of the children s life, but with their education. Their concerns turned mainly to inadequate behaviors and attitudes in terms of school discipline, which does not differ from the difficulties pointed out by some parents of the biological-adoptive families, when relating to the education of their children. Given these difficulties, the main strategies established by the parents were the promotion and social interaction, incentive and valorization of production and use of physical restrictions. The positive strategies as the manifestation of love and affection in the education and the support of familiar networks were also pointed out. Thus, it is possible to presume that the present investigation will make viable preventive practices and the knowledge acquired will make possible the elaboration of a directive program for the late adoption.