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O bairro está on-line? Vivências e sociabilidade(s) juvenis em um bairro da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-11)
Reis, Juliana Batista dos
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4298711727488088
Is it possible to think about periphery on Internet? From a ethnographic view, this research aims to describe some youth practices which supposes the formation of ties and relations implying determined ways of understanding a Belo Horizonte's "peripheral" region: a neighborhood on Nova Contagem. To comprehend the dynamics of socialization process and sociability, we, privilege two observational "places": a LAN gaming center and virtual communities about Nova Contagem on website Orkut (www.orkut.com). The research reveals a intense on-line interaction between the youth who lives on the same neighborhood, besides virtual communities created in virtue of this belonging. The notion of periphery is discussed as analysis' category, spatial reference, as well as its symbolic senses presents on youth s testimony. We try to reveal the interfaces and (dis)continuity between the Internet meetings and face-to-face meetings at LAN gaming Center and other activities on neighborhood.
Programa de habilidades sociais educativas com pais : efeitos sobre o desempenho social e acadêmico de filhos com TDAH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-11)
Rocha, Margarette Matesco
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5438283938938377
Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity/Impulsitivity Disorder (ADHD) children frequently show problems in the social interaction what results in social, emotional and academic impairment. Programs developed to teach educative social skills to parents of ADHD children can contribute to the change of this behavior pattern. The proposal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a training in Educative Social Skills program for parents of ADHD children, focusing both on its internal and external validity. The sample was composed by 16 mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD, randomly assigned into two groups: Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). For the selection of the sample, in addition to the diagnosis of ADHD, the children must be between 7 and 12 years old, be attending to the elementary school and be under medication specific for ADHD. The study involved five phases: selection of the sample, pre-intervention assessment, intervention, post-intervention evaluation and follow-up. In the phases pre, post-intervention and follow-up, the assessment of the mother s social skills repertory was done through the use of self-report instruments (IHS-Del-Prette) and the Educative Social Skills through questionnaire and video filming. The children social skills repertoire was assessed by the mothers, the teachers and the children themselves through SSRS-BR in the three phases of the program. The program was composed by 31 group sessions and 12 individual sessions. The results were analyzed in relation to the frequency of the total and factorial scores (IHS-Del-Prette e SSRS-BR), and the scores for the filming and the questionnaire. For all the measures in the different moments the data were computed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 16.0) and analyzed statistically (Mann-Whitney - independent samples and Wilcoxon - related samples). The results show that the program was effective in promoting significant changes for the mothers of the EG, mainly, for those skills which were the target of the intervention. The generalization of these skills, for the familiar context, favored meaningful changes in the social behaviors, behavior problems and academic competency of the children showed external validity. The differences between the two groups, experimental and control, showed impact over the mothers and the children behaviors, indicating its internal validity.
Análise de metabólitos secundários produzidos por fungos endofíticos associados à Cupressus lusitanica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Amaral, Luciana da Silva
;
Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2220942607249351
Some phytopatogenic fungi found in Cupressus species produces phytotoxins very aggressive to the host plant. Surprisingly, these toxins are diterpenoids structures, as well as some endogenus metabolites in Cupressus species. This fungi ability appears to be a specialized strategy in the association fungi-plant. These observations motivated the development of the present work, which relates the isolation of microorganisms associated to the species Cupressus lusitanica, and to its study, aiming a correlation of the chemical profile among the organisms involved in this association. During two collects of plant material from an exemplar found in the campus of the UFSCar, five endophytic fungi had been isolated and called NICL1-5. A preliminary identification indicated that possibly four of them belong to the Xylaria genus, and one to the Guignardia genus (NICL4). The analysis with GC-MS had detected three isocoumarins (mellein, mellein methyl ether, 5- formylmellein), as well as an eremophilane sesquiterpene (valencene) in extracts of NICL3 fungi. From the extracts of the same fungi, had been obtained three eremophilanes sesquiterpenes (two news in literature) by the use of classical methodologies of chromatography. These compounds had been identified using a series of NMR data in 1D and 2D. From the study of the secondary metabolites of NICL5 had been obtained ergosterol, sorbitol and three cytochalasins (cytochalasin C, cytochalasin D and cytochalasin Q). The metabolism if NICL5 had also been studied, when free amino acids were added in the culture medium. By the analysis with HPLC-MS significant alterations in the NICL5 metabolism had been detected, as a possible induction of the biosynthesis of a new cytochalasin, from the amino acid tryptofane. The analysis of the plant material indicated the presence of biflavonoids and some diterpenes. However, these compounds had not been detected in fungi extracts, being identified only sesquiterpenes.
Uso de sistemas de medição de desempenho para melhoria contínua: um estudo da influência do estilo de gestão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Goessler, Luiz Geraldo Micheletti
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3276830381478646
Performance measurement systems are part of the daily routine of managers, due to the fact that organizations under their administration operate in a dynamic, complex environment where information-based decision and action taking are vital. Several uses to performance measurement systems can foster improvements. To any of these purposes the performance measurement systems are always driving behavior to process improvement. In doing so, they can act as an enabler to continuous improvement programs since other organizational factors allow this use. In performance measurement systems literature no factor is so commented as organizational culture however. In this research field, this factor is commonly handled as managerial behavior, or managerial style, used by managers in charge of the managerial control. The aim of this dissertation is to clarify the relationship between managerial style and the use of performance measurement systems as an enabler of continuous improvement initiatives. An exploratory study was developed using participant observation and document review techniques in case studies. Empirical results show that the use of performance measurement systems in an interactive way is achieved through a process-relational management style. In this case there is more commitment to continuous improvement programs. On the other hand, the use of performance measurement systems in diagnostic way is achieved through a systemic-control management style. In this case there is less commitment to the continuous improvement programs. Furthermore, the use of performance measurement systems as an enabler of continuous improvement programs depends on its use as an interactive control system in al management levels and in the whole measurement cycle.
Interfaces educação especial e fonoaudiologia: um estudo bibliométrico baseado na produção científica de dissertações e teses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Bello, Suzelei Faria
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4609730714788392
Speech Pathology and Special Education establish relations of proximity due to similar objects of studies. Besides, the integrated work between professionals maximizes opportunities of growth for both areas. Therefore, the overall objective suggested in this research is to understand how Speech Pathology was taken as the object of research in Special Education based on the analysis of scientific production of dissertations and thesis of the Graduate Program in Special Education of Universidade Federal de São Carlos (PPGEEs/UFSCar). For that reason, the scientific production in Special Education with interface in Speech Pathology was mapped and the main aspects that support such integration were identified. The data source were thesis and dissertations defended in PPGEEs/UFSCar between 1981 and 2005. This program was chosen for being the first and only of the area in the country. The methodological procedures to develop the research involved the following steps: a) review of literature in Special Education and Speech Pathology; b) survey and data collection of dissertations and thesis in Special Education held in PPGEES/UFSCar that had interface with Speech Pathology c) categorization and bibliometric analysis. The results obtained through bibliometric analysis revealed that 74 studies analyzed refer to the interface between Special Education and Speech Pathology; hearing disability was the most investigated; the pieces work were focused on the theme "Teaching and learning" and while conducting a quantitative analysis of the references used on the pieces of work that have the co-relation with the area of Speech Pathology, it was observed that they were indexed in the magazine Pro-fono: Revista de Atualização Científica and in the Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders; the pieces of work of Special Education in the magazine Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial. Finally, this study aimed to promote the interdisciplinarity between these areas, identified trends and emerging themes that may favor the joint action of these professionals. Moreover, the dissertation aimed to contribute to the construction of a process of reflection and assessment of information produced in Special Education consolidated in scientific production of thesis and dissertations and its interface with Speech Pathology.
Contribuições da análise da atividade e do modelo social para a inclusão no trabalho de pessoas com deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Simonelli, Angela Paula
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Camarotto, João Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6477451021909733
In this study, we meant to analyze disable people s inclusion policies and actions regarding to Brazilian work market. The Law 8213/91 and the Decree 3298/99 have been based on the biomedical model and have directed the actions in Brazil. The Legislation determines reservation of market for the people with disabilities. However, it does not present any sort of methodological actions concerning inclusion. The biomedical model understands disability in a way that it does not empower effective inclusion. Therefore, this view points towards assisting actions that do not guarantee education, knowledge or professional development. It historically maintains some persons excluded from work. The social model considers the preparation of people with disabilities and the society strengthening the concept of inclusion. The methodological assumptions concerning both the social model of disability and the analysis of the work activity directed the assessment of the practices based on the biomedical model. Exploratory research methods were employed in order to analyze practices adopted by public and private institutions in Brazil as well as to the bibliographical research. Among 39 proposals of action examined, we had chosen three because they were the more significant and thus interviews were done in loco. Action research was used in a pilot study developed in a textile industry. This pilot study involved five people with disabilities, partnerships among institution of instruction, research and local governmental organizations. This study aimed both to analyze empirically techniques and methods of inclusion based on work activity and to assess whether inclusion of people with disabilities is tightly related to analyzis and adaptation concerning the work activities. Conclusions present the relevance of the social model of disability as basement for inclusion actions and the analyzis of work activity which shall comprise adaptations on the local of work and its work contents and processes for the people. Some factors may explain the low number of employed persons in relation to the market demanding: although the Law 8213/91 has been in operation for 17 years, its regulation took a long time; the inspection has still not have necessary structure; the public and private investment in professional qualification and in adaptation of work activities has still been insufficient. The lack of information on the work activities by employers as well as by the institutions for people with disabilities, the lack of accessibility in companies and the social stigma related to functional capacities and abilities of people with disabilities are the most difficulties in direction to inclusion. This study proposes a program under municipal ownership whereas it permits to know the local demanding of people with disabilities and companies. This program also might consider actions that provide working qualification for the people with disabilities, remove environment obstacles and aide the companies to useful adjustments for inclusion.
Estudos biossintéticos de amidas bis-fenilpropanoídicas produzidas pelo fungo Penicillium brasilianum, um endofítico de Melia azedarach (Meliaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-12)
Fill, Taícia Pacheco
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0741638379707154
In the present work it was developed analytical methodologies for investigation of biosynthesis of bis-phenylpropanoyl amides, using labeled precursors in the culture medium. The effect of different nitrogen sources on the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides production was also evaluated. These amides are reported as antiparasitary compounds and they also showed activity against gram-positive Bacillus subtilis in bioassays conducted at LaBioMMi (DQ/UFSCar). The analytical methodologies developed were based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry techniques, mainly electrospray ionization (ESI) and MS/MS. Using the methodologies developed for preparative liquid chromatography it were isolated the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides, brasiliamide A and B and other secondary metabolites co-produced. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques allowed fragmentation studies which lead to selective detection experiments of brasiliamides in mediums enhanced with different nitrogen sources. The quantitative analysis (HPLC/UV-MS/MS) indicated great influence of the amino acid L-phenylalanine on the bis-phenylpropanoyl amides production. From these results, the biosynthesis of the phenylapropanoids was investigated using [2-13CPhe]. The RMN 13C and HPLC/UV-MS analysis showed the incorporation of two amino acid units on brasiliamides structure formed by the phenylpropanoids pathway, which is uncommon in fungi. The first phenylpropanoid pathway step was evaluated throw using enzymatic extract with Phenylalanine ammoniolyase (PAL). The HPLC/UV analysis indicates the formation of cinnamic acid from Lphenylalanine.
Habilidades sociais acadêmicas de crianças com baixo e alto desempenho acadêmico na interação com o professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Fumo, Vivian Maria Stabile
;
Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6947148117600264
Identifying the features related to the quality of teacher-student interaction and to the set of teacher and student s social skills is a key aspect for a more accurate understanding of learning difficulties. Studies show qualitative differences in the pattern of social interactions established by children with low and high academic performance with their teachers. However, due to small numbers of participants, those results might not be generalized. The main goal of this study was to identify behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the social interaction with the teacher, from academic social skills classes, investigating how the likely qualitative differences in patterns of interaction was an extended sample of participants. 41 students with low academic performance (GSLAP) and 44 students with high academic performance (GSHAP) from first to fourth grades, attending to Public Elementary Schools, participated in this research. It was performed shootings of the classroom environment to collect the data about behavioral patterns of students in the social interaction with the teacher. Children´s pattern of social skills were evaluated by the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR) in the version of self-assessment and evaluation by the teacher. The shootings were analyzed through observations of the academic social skills classes. The SSRS-BR s results were analyzed according to criteria established by instrument. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Concerning to academic social skills, main results were: (a) there were differences between academic social skills classes show more frequently by GSLAP and by GSHAP; (b) a few number of academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about gender and academic subject; (c) no academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about grade. The main results about social skills were: (a) GSHAP obtained mean performance in the selfassessment and in the evaluation by the teacher; (b) GSLAP obtained mean performance in the self-assessment and obtained lower than the mean performance in the evaluation by the teacher; (c) in the self-assessment and in the evaluation by the teacher there were not statistically significant differences about grade in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP; (d) there were statistically significant differences about gender in some SSRS-BR s scores in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP. Results show a difference between the behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the interaction with the teacher, and differences between the patterns of social skills of these two groups. Though these differences might not be stated as critical to their academic difficulties, they certainly might not be ignored as a condition that aggravates the possibilities of development of students in the school.
Uso de armadilhas Malaise como estratégia de avaliação de bioindicadores em agroecossistemas : diversidade e guildas de Braconidae em diferentes mosaicos vegetacionais da Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa), São Carlos, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Pereira, Aline Garcia
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8918929351920606
This work aimed to study the composition and distribution of the fauna of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in three ecosystems of Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa, Sao Carlos, Brazil), analyse the bioindicator potential of that group and its possible use by farmers in order to contribute for the use of a more sustainable agroecosystems. The specimens were captured by three Malaise traps installed respectively in a agrosilvipastoril system, atlantic forest and reforestation area (ecological corridor) from January to July of 2008. A total of 566 Braconidae specimens were collected distributed in 21 subfamilies and 57 genera. In the agrosilvipastoril area Earinus and Digonogastra were the most abundant; Dolichozele the was the more abundant in the area of reforestation and Apanteles in the atlantic forest .The agrosilvipastoril system showed the greatest richness of genera and in the atlantic forest was obtained a greater number of genera exclusive. The reforestation and agrosilvipastoril system showed high similarity, although this last had great human influence, resulting from the deployment of pasture. The reforestation is characterized by having characteristic vegetation considered as an ecological corridor, next to a place before occupied by degraded pasture. The atlantic forest is different from the others with good conditions to recovery of the original species. The improving conditions for regeneration, possibly harbors a rich fauna of insect hosts. The results indicate that in the three environments it was not reached the stage of asymptotic curves of accumulation, indicating the need of a longer period of sampling for a more precise knowledge of local fauna of Braconidae. In all environments there was a higher incidence of koinobiont endoparasitoids, which are specialists and therefore considered good bioindicators of the environmental quality.
Crises das Idades - os entraves nas práticas docentes e as implicações no desenvolvimento da criança : uma leitura a partir de Vygotski
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Caram, Adriana Maria
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4559864153670454
The proposal of the present work is based on a deeper theoretical analysis of the studies by Vygotsky concerning the Age Crisis, dealt it in volume IV of his works. The manifestation of crises has always been seen as a deviation of standard norms or as a disease in preschool institutions and by some psychologists. This research has attempted to discuss another perspective in the analysis of the Age Crisis, understood by Vygotsky as being turning points in the development of a child, characterized by sudden, impetuous changes, as if they were revolutionary acts, both because of the rhythm of change and their meaning. The research question that guided our work was: How do preschool educators perceive and deal with the moments of crises in the development of children? The three objectives are: analyzing how the teachers perceive the moments of crises in the development of children; identifying and analyzing possible moments of crises among the children and researching and analyzing the attitudes taken by the teachers to solve the possible development crises in children. Data collection was carried out at a crèche in a public university in the state of São Paulo. The research method was based on Vygotsky s Historical-Cultural Theory. The results were analyzed in two different ways: The teachers perception concerning the Age Crisis in Preschool Education and its manifestation in children and The teachers and their interventions in the moments of crises. Such analyses indicate that the teachers notice the crises manifestations that occur in the development of the child. However, there seems to be a gap in their training that prevent them from perceiving such crises in a positive way, which is necessary for a new psychological organization of the child s personality. Finally, the way educators act has to be re-thought so that it is possible to adopt a reflexive pedagogical practice, based on the Historical-Cultural Theory, which understands the child as a concrete subject who participates and makes history happen.
Tubos atomizadores de titânio em espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico (TS-FF-AAS) para a determinação de cobre em materiais biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Gomes, Marcos da Silva
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6690089613051332
In this work it was used Ti atomizers tubes employing TS-FF-AAS system to improve the analytical performance of FAAS. The TS-FF-AAS was applied for Cu determination in food and biological samples. The Ti tubes were used as an alternative of the Ni tubes. It was evaluated different arrangements of Ti tubes, as well as tubes combining Ni and Ti (Ni/Ti) inserting Ti tube inside Ni tubes. A 24 factorial design was performed in order to evaluate the influence of several variables in the system. The best results were achieved using a 300 L sample loop, 5 mm tube height, 0.4 mL min-1 carrier flow rate, and 70 mm Ti tube length. Tube length was the most important variable, presenting a positive effect of 30%. This high sensitivity is related to the formation of TiO2 (confirmed by microanalysis and X-ray difractometry) inside the Ti tube (gain of 45% mass in comparisson of inicial mass), improving the Cu atomization through the oxide via. The detection limit obtained was 2 µg L-1 . Gaseous phase temperatures of Ni, Ti, and Ni/Ti tubes were estimate using a Sn 150 mg L-1 solution in order to explain differences in sensitivity. The estimated temperatures for the tubes (Ni, Ti and Ni/Ti) were in the same magnitude, suggesting that the temperature in the gaseous phase is not the reason for high sensitivity using Ni/Ti tubes. Cu 500 µg L-1 signal was measured in the presence of Ca, K, Mg and Na using a 24 factorial design. According to the probability graphic a 10 % increase in the Cu signal was observed only when Mg was present and K presence decrease the Cu signal. The behaviors of the Ni and Ni/Ti atomizers tubes were similar in the concomitants presence. The method accuracy was confirmed using certified references materials (CRM’s). The samples were digested by microwave-assistence and the recoveries values ranged from 91 to 107%. The unpared t test did not show statistic difference between certified and found values, into the confidence level of 95%.
Desenvolvimento de baixo impacto aplicado ao processo de planejamento urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-15)
Tavanti, Débora Riva
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9054494177343901
Urbans areas even biggens are becoming impermeabilized reducing the soil`s infiltration rate and increasing the velocity and volume of runoff, changing meaningly the hydrological cycle and causing floods. A set of techniques able to create hydrologically functional landscape can be found at Low Impact Development (LID) that works just similar to the natural, becoming possible the development of projects adapted to the natural topography, maintaining the yield of the lot and the local hydrological function; aiming at esthetics valorization and stormwater control management with low cost. This study makes use of this methodology since the beginning of the planning process, working at the some time with urban, environmental and hydrological aspects, intending to recuperate or even to keep the pre-development behavior of the area. To support the local hydrology, reduce sealing, keeping time to concentrate, to keep Fingerprinting, enhance infiltration, among others. It compares the predevelopment conditions, the conventional urbanization and that with LID techniques related to aspects mentioned to a specifc area at UFSCar Campus, São Paulo. This search revealed that is possible to have an urban planning using LID, with urban, environmental and hydrological advantages in the opposite to the conventional development systems, such as the increase of permeable areas, vegetation areas and the reduction of peak discharge and stormwater runoff. Low impact development makes these interventions in a simultaneous way just to re-establish the pre-existents conditions, and then to make use of integrated management`s practice.
Análise da adaptação familiar e estratégias estabelecidas para construção de vínculos afetivos na adoção tardia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Dugnani, Katia Cristina Bandeira
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Oliveira, Susi Lippi Marques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4050012791414778
Analyzing the risk factors to the infantile development in light of the reality of a country limited in economic resources as Brazil, the observation of abandonment cases of less favored children has become common. In the scope of the parental affective interactions and reduction of the risks for a healthful development, the reconstruction of these affective bonds for innumerable children around the country occurs through the adoption. Specialized literature shows that the late adoption (children above 2 years old) is the most difficult action to be materialized because of the absence of their parents and the lack of care for their real needs. In this way, the objective of this study was to identify to the difficulties and easinesses of the parents in the construction process of affective bonds by pointing out the strategies used in the late adoption considering their expectations and motivations. As a technical resource, it was used an instrument (form), composed of open and closed questions, aiming to characterize the participants. After its gauging (through the semantics and content analysis and application for suitability) with 23 collaborators, the instrument became apt for application in a selected sample. The data acquisition was carried out with 19 enrolled parents who accomplished late adoption in the district of São Carlos-SP. For this purpose, they were divided into groups according with the age of the children at the adoption: group G1 (children adopted with 2 years); group G2 (children adopted between 3 and 6 years of age); and group G3 (children adopted between 7 and 10 years of age). The results have evidenced the late adopters profile, which, in their majority, presented a high level of maturity and education. Besides, the late adopters are above of the national average socio-economic level. The main motivation found for the late adoption was the age of the children adopted, being defined as the act of educate and take care of a child. The major fear of the parents is not related with the former history of the children s life, but with their education. Their concerns turned mainly to inadequate behaviors and attitudes in terms of school discipline, which does not differ from the difficulties pointed out by some parents of the biological-adoptive families, when relating to the education of their children. Given these difficulties, the main strategies established by the parents were the promotion and social interaction, incentive and valorization of production and use of physical restrictions. The positive strategies as the manifestation of love and affection in the education and the support of familiar networks were also pointed out. Thus, it is possible to presume that the present investigation will make viable preventive practices and the knowledge acquired will make possible the elaboration of a directive program for the late adoption.
Métodos de agrupamento na análise de dados de expressão gênica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Rodrigues, Fabiene Silva
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561628588859436
The clustering techniques have frequently been used in literature to the analyse data in several fields of application. The main objective of this work is to study such techniques. There is a large number of clustering techniques in literature. In this work we concentrate on Self Organizing Map (SOM), k-means, k-medoids and Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithms. These algorithms are applied to gene expression data. The analisys of gene expression, among other possibilities, identifies which genes are differently expressed in synthesis of proteins associated to normal and sick tissues. The purpose is to do a comparing of these metods, sticking out advantages and disadvantages of such. The metods were tested for simulation and after we apply them to a real data set.
Relação da força muscular de membros superiores e inferiores e índices de gravidade na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Marino, Diego Marmorato
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1115312258954560
Introduction: Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present a decrease in peripheral muscle strength, leading to impaired mobility and increased death risk. However, there are a lack of studies that verify if the peripheral muscle strength have relationship with the BODE index scale and fat-free mass. Objectives: To verify the relationship between maximum upper-limb (UL) muscle strength and lower-limb (LL) muscle strength with a BODE index, isolated variables and fat-free mass in subjects with moderate to very severe COPD. Methods: Twenty-six individuals with moderate to very severe COPD (FEV1<80% of predict) were evaluated regarding body composition (body mass index-BMI and fat-free mass), BODE index, handgrip force (HGF) and one repetition maximum test (1RM) of the UL and LL. Results: Observed moderate to strong positive correlation (Pearson, p <0.05) between peripheral muscle strength with the fat-free mass and distance walked in the six-minute walk test (6MWD). However, the BODE index were not correlated with force measurement or fat-free mass. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the evaluation of peripheral muscle strength is not related to the BODE index. In such case, the peripheral muscle force measures need be used assisting the assessment of COPD subjects performance.
Sincronização e continuidade em um problema parabólico governado pelo p-Laplaciano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Pereira, Ana Claudia
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Gentile, Cláudia Buttarello
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295174684198407
In this work we study a reaction diffusion problem governed by the p-laplacian with p > 2 and we analyze properties of the continuity of the set of equilibria with respect to the diffusion parameter. We also consider coupled non-identical systems and we obtain properties about the synchronicity. Moreover we prove the convergence of the attractors with respect to the coupling parameter.
Papel do sistema histaminérgico nos processos de aprendizagem e memória em Carassius auratus após ablação cerebelar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Garção, Diogo Costa
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860280866778460
This study investigated the effect of post-training treatment with L-histidine, Pyrilamine and Zolantidine on the memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance in Carassius auratus submitted to cerebellar ablation. Cerebellar ablation was performed 3 days before the experiment. The inhibitory avoidance procedure included one habituation day, one training day (5 trials: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) and a test day (TE). On the training day, each fish was individually placed in a white compartment separated from a black compartment by a sliding door. After 30s, the door was opened. When the fish crossed into the black compartment, a weight was dropped in front of it (aversive stimulus). An intraperitoneal injection with saline or L-histidine (100 mg/kg), Pyrilamine (35 mg/ml) and Zolantidina (ZO) was administered 10 minutes after the trials. The difference in the time elapsed until the fish entered the black compartment (latency) during training and testing was taken as an indicator of behavioral learning and memory. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and the Student Newman-Keuls test (p< 0.05). The three experiments indicated that in T5, all groups had similar latencies that were significantly higher than T1 latencies, indicate that all groups were able to acquire inhibitory avoidance, suggesting that cerebellar ablation does not impair learning. However, twenty four hours after the trainings, the animals with ablation indicating retention of the task while that the animals of the Sham group do not consolidate memory. The results of experiment I showed that the L-histidine reverted the effect of injury. Experiment II demonstrated that the Pyrilamine does not influence in the consolidation of the memory and the data of experiment III indicated that the zolantidina facilitates the acquisition of inhibitory avoidance independent of the cerebellum. These results suggest that the cerebellum is involved in the memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance and/or interpretation of the aversive value and that this process is mediated by H2 receptors.
Análise do ensino e da aprendizagem de crianças com surdez incluídas no ensino regular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Barbosa, Regiane da Silva
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0697461091949522
The inclusion provided access for people with special educational needs to regular education. Follow and analyze how it has been the inclusion of these children in regular schools is one way to contribute to the success of inclusion and education. This idea was developed in this research, focusing on deafness. This is a qualitative research, whose objective is to investigate and analyze how it is getting teaching and learning of deaf children included in regular schools from a midsize city in São Paulo. Participated in this research three deaf children and their teachers, resulting in three dyads. The instruments for information collection were questionnaires done with parents of participating children and their teachers, and classroom observation and recording of observations and information in a diary. The information analysis indicates that the main difficulties of teaching are in communication with the child with deafness and teaching without grounding on speech; The main difficulty in learning is to understand the speech in the classroom and in interpreting questions. The research results show lack of knowledge, training, information and support to work with these children, in other words, to the success of inclusion and quality education.
Diferentes aprendizagens na perspectiva de alunos de um Curso Pré-Vestibular Comunitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Piunti, Juliana Cristina Perlotti
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2009320874078215
The basis for this thesis is a research conducted at Prodam, a communal preparatory course for entrance exams of Brazilian Universities, in São Carlos-SP, Brazil. The research question in the students point of view, what do they learn at Prodam? , has arisen from the assumption that, at this type of preparatory courses, several kinds of learning processes take place. Therefore, our goal has been to determine, from the students perspective, what sort of learning processes they go through, considering a wide range of aspects. In order to accomplish it, we conducted field observations, registered it in journals and, afterwards, did semi-structured interviews. The methodology has its basis on the qualitative research approach. The theoretical referential is based on Gimeno, Pérez Gómez, Freire, Edwards, Certeau, among other researchers. To analyze the data, we used the thematic analysis, because, through this technique, we could understand the meanings behind the interviews and field observation. The data collected were divided into two major categories, based on the concepts of humanization and secundary socialization, by Gómez. From students and former students statements, we have observed subcategories that show that it is possible to: learn in order to pass the entrance exam , learn from the teachers and learn high school subjects , according to the perspective of learning as a second socialization process. The other subcategories learn from friends , learn from the differences and learning as overcoming , relate to the category of learning as a humanization process. Talking to the students and former students, and considering the observations, we have noticed that the preparatory course is a space of possibilities . These possibilities are related to changes, transformation of lives, connected to the humanization, once they are conditions for survival and enrichment. As we learned that going to this course made it possible for teenagers and adults to get to know new people , make friends , learn from the differences , improve at work , have new dreams , we understood that is was possible to feel the humanization process even in an environment where the acquisition of instruments to pass the entrance exams of universities is the primary objective. We have also been able to detect, from the students testimonies, their questions and analysis about this course being free of charges, the difficulties to learn despite teacher turnover and, finally, their criticism towards public High School education.
Caracterização molecular de biopolímeros em solução utilizando simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Franca, Eduardo de Faria
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Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9096097972613963
Computer simulation methods were used to characterize the structure and molecular properties of natural and synthetic biopolymers in aqueous solution. The polysaccharides chitin and chitosan, and aliphatic polypeptides were studied. The interest on the chitin and chitosan biopolymers is because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and potential use as pharmaceutical and technological product. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to characterize the structure and the solubility of the chitins and chitosans in aqueous solution. The simulated systems were composed by solvated chains, and nanoparticles composed by chains packed in a parallel and anti-parallel fashion, with different percentage and distribution of acetyl groups. The 100% acetylated chitin, whether isolated or in the form of α/β-chitin, adopt the 2-fold helix conformation with φ and ψ values similar to those on crystalline state. The ionic strength affects the kinetics, but not the conformational equilibrium. In solution, the intramolecular hydrogen bond HO3(n)···O5(n+1) responsible for the 2-fold helical motif is stabilized by hydrogen bonding to water molecules in a well-defined orientation. On the other hand, chitosan with small percentage and random distribution of acetil groups can adopt five distinct helical motifs and its conformational equilibrium is highly dependent on pH. The hydrogen bond pattern and solvation around the O3 atom of insoluble chitosan (basic pH) are nearly identical to those quantities in chitin. Chitin and chitosan nanoparticles with block distribution of acetyl groups favor the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in more stable aggregates. The water mobility and orientation around polysaccharide chain (highly affected by electrostatic forces) is responsible for the aggregation and solubility of the chitin and chitosan biopolymers. Moreover, a sequential QM/MM methodology is used to study the α-helix stability of aliphatic polypeptides in water solution. The understanding of the folding process is one of the greatest challenges of biophysics, and the first step is the understanding of the formation and stabilization of the secondary structure of a polypeptide. The calculated heat of formation and free energy of solvation showed that the size of side chain is directly related to the α-helix stability. The results suggest that the helix-coil transition of a polypeptide is governed by the equilibrium between the energy used in the folding process and the energy released in the solvation process, showing the solvent effect on α-helix stabilization. The validation of the sequential QM/MM methodology showed that this method is suitable to study the helix-coil transition of polypeptides in solution. The methodology is therefore useful to study solvation effects on the properties of compounds with many conformational degrees of freedom.