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Habilidades sociais acadêmicas de crianças com baixo e alto desempenho acadêmico na interação com o professor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Fumo, Vivian Maria Stabile
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Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6947148117600264
Identifying the features related to the quality of teacher-student interaction and to the set of teacher and student s social skills is a key aspect for a more accurate understanding of learning difficulties. Studies show qualitative differences in the pattern of social interactions established by children with low and high academic performance with their teachers. However, due to small numbers of participants, those results might not be generalized. The main goal of this study was to identify behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the social interaction with the teacher, from academic social skills classes, investigating how the likely qualitative differences in patterns of interaction was an extended sample of participants. 41 students with low academic performance (GSLAP) and 44 students with high academic performance (GSHAP) from first to fourth grades, attending to Public Elementary Schools, participated in this research. It was performed shootings of the classroom environment to collect the data about behavioral patterns of students in the social interaction with the teacher. Children´s pattern of social skills were evaluated by the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR) in the version of self-assessment and evaluation by the teacher. The shootings were analyzed through observations of the academic social skills classes. The SSRS-BR s results were analyzed according to criteria established by instrument. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Concerning to academic social skills, main results were: (a) there were differences between academic social skills classes show more frequently by GSLAP and by GSHAP; (b) a few number of academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about gender and academic subject; (c) no academic social skills classes shown statistically significant differences about grade. The main results about social skills were: (a) GSHAP obtained mean performance in the selfassessment and in the evaluation by the teacher; (b) GSLAP obtained mean performance in the self-assessment and obtained lower than the mean performance in the evaluation by the teacher; (c) in the self-assessment and in the evaluation by the teacher there were not statistically significant differences about grade in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP; (d) there were statistically significant differences about gender in some SSRS-BR s scores in the GSLAP and in the GSHAP. Results show a difference between the behavioral patterns of students with low and high academic performance in the interaction with the teacher, and differences between the patterns of social skills of these two groups. Though these differences might not be stated as critical to their academic difficulties, they certainly might not be ignored as a condition that aggravates the possibilities of development of students in the school.
Uso de armadilhas Malaise como estratégia de avaliação de bioindicadores em agroecossistemas : diversidade e guildas de Braconidae em diferentes mosaicos vegetacionais da Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa), São Carlos, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Pereira, Aline Garcia
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8918929351920606
This work aimed to study the composition and distribution of the fauna of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in three ecosystems of Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa, Sao Carlos, Brazil), analyse the bioindicator potential of that group and its possible use by farmers in order to contribute for the use of a more sustainable agroecosystems. The specimens were captured by three Malaise traps installed respectively in a agrosilvipastoril system, atlantic forest and reforestation area (ecological corridor) from January to July of 2008. A total of 566 Braconidae specimens were collected distributed in 21 subfamilies and 57 genera. In the agrosilvipastoril area Earinus and Digonogastra were the most abundant; Dolichozele the was the more abundant in the area of reforestation and Apanteles in the atlantic forest .The agrosilvipastoril system showed the greatest richness of genera and in the atlantic forest was obtained a greater number of genera exclusive. The reforestation and agrosilvipastoril system showed high similarity, although this last had great human influence, resulting from the deployment of pasture. The reforestation is characterized by having characteristic vegetation considered as an ecological corridor, next to a place before occupied by degraded pasture. The atlantic forest is different from the others with good conditions to recovery of the original species. The improving conditions for regeneration, possibly harbors a rich fauna of insect hosts. The results indicate that in the three environments it was not reached the stage of asymptotic curves of accumulation, indicating the need of a longer period of sampling for a more precise knowledge of local fauna of Braconidae. In all environments there was a higher incidence of koinobiont endoparasitoids, which are specialists and therefore considered good bioindicators of the environmental quality.
Crises das Idades - os entraves nas práticas docentes e as implicações no desenvolvimento da criança : uma leitura a partir de Vygotski
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Caram, Adriana Maria
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4559864153670454
The proposal of the present work is based on a deeper theoretical analysis of the studies by Vygotsky concerning the Age Crisis, dealt it in volume IV of his works. The manifestation of crises has always been seen as a deviation of standard norms or as a disease in preschool institutions and by some psychologists. This research has attempted to discuss another perspective in the analysis of the Age Crisis, understood by Vygotsky as being turning points in the development of a child, characterized by sudden, impetuous changes, as if they were revolutionary acts, both because of the rhythm of change and their meaning. The research question that guided our work was: How do preschool educators perceive and deal with the moments of crises in the development of children? The three objectives are: analyzing how the teachers perceive the moments of crises in the development of children; identifying and analyzing possible moments of crises among the children and researching and analyzing the attitudes taken by the teachers to solve the possible development crises in children. Data collection was carried out at a crèche in a public university in the state of São Paulo. The research method was based on Vygotsky s Historical-Cultural Theory. The results were analyzed in two different ways: The teachers perception concerning the Age Crisis in Preschool Education and its manifestation in children and The teachers and their interventions in the moments of crises. Such analyses indicate that the teachers notice the crises manifestations that occur in the development of the child. However, there seems to be a gap in their training that prevent them from perceiving such crises in a positive way, which is necessary for a new psychological organization of the child s personality. Finally, the way educators act has to be re-thought so that it is possible to adopt a reflexive pedagogical practice, based on the Historical-Cultural Theory, which understands the child as a concrete subject who participates and makes history happen.
Tubos atomizadores de titânio em espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico (TS-FF-AAS) para a determinação de cobre em materiais biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-13)
Gomes, Marcos da Silva
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6690089613051332
In this work it was used Ti atomizers tubes employing TS-FF-AAS system to improve the analytical performance of FAAS. The TS-FF-AAS was applied for Cu determination in food and biological samples. The Ti tubes were used as an alternative of the Ni tubes. It was evaluated different arrangements of Ti tubes, as well as tubes combining Ni and Ti (Ni/Ti) inserting Ti tube inside Ni tubes. A 24 factorial design was performed in order to evaluate the influence of several variables in the system. The best results were achieved using a 300 L sample loop, 5 mm tube height, 0.4 mL min-1 carrier flow rate, and 70 mm Ti tube length. Tube length was the most important variable, presenting a positive effect of 30%. This high sensitivity is related to the formation of TiO2 (confirmed by microanalysis and X-ray difractometry) inside the Ti tube (gain of 45% mass in comparisson of inicial mass), improving the Cu atomization through the oxide via. The detection limit obtained was 2 µg L-1 . Gaseous phase temperatures of Ni, Ti, and Ni/Ti tubes were estimate using a Sn 150 mg L-1 solution in order to explain differences in sensitivity. The estimated temperatures for the tubes (Ni, Ti and Ni/Ti) were in the same magnitude, suggesting that the temperature in the gaseous phase is not the reason for high sensitivity using Ni/Ti tubes. Cu 500 µg L-1 signal was measured in the presence of Ca, K, Mg and Na using a 24 factorial design. According to the probability graphic a 10 % increase in the Cu signal was observed only when Mg was present and K presence decrease the Cu signal. The behaviors of the Ni and Ni/Ti atomizers tubes were similar in the concomitants presence. The method accuracy was confirmed using certified references materials (CRM’s). The samples were digested by microwave-assistence and the recoveries values ranged from 91 to 107%. The unpared t test did not show statistic difference between certified and found values, into the confidence level of 95%.
Desenvolvimento de baixo impacto aplicado ao processo de planejamento urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-15)
Tavanti, Débora Riva
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9054494177343901
Urbans areas even biggens are becoming impermeabilized reducing the soil`s infiltration rate and increasing the velocity and volume of runoff, changing meaningly the hydrological cycle and causing floods. A set of techniques able to create hydrologically functional landscape can be found at Low Impact Development (LID) that works just similar to the natural, becoming possible the development of projects adapted to the natural topography, maintaining the yield of the lot and the local hydrological function; aiming at esthetics valorization and stormwater control management with low cost. This study makes use of this methodology since the beginning of the planning process, working at the some time with urban, environmental and hydrological aspects, intending to recuperate or even to keep the pre-development behavior of the area. To support the local hydrology, reduce sealing, keeping time to concentrate, to keep Fingerprinting, enhance infiltration, among others. It compares the predevelopment conditions, the conventional urbanization and that with LID techniques related to aspects mentioned to a specifc area at UFSCar Campus, São Paulo. This search revealed that is possible to have an urban planning using LID, with urban, environmental and hydrological advantages in the opposite to the conventional development systems, such as the increase of permeable areas, vegetation areas and the reduction of peak discharge and stormwater runoff. Low impact development makes these interventions in a simultaneous way just to re-establish the pre-existents conditions, and then to make use of integrated management`s practice.
Análise da adaptação familiar e estratégias estabelecidas para construção de vínculos afetivos na adoção tardia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Dugnani, Katia Cristina Bandeira
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Oliveira, Susi Lippi Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4050012791414778
Analyzing the risk factors to the infantile development in light of the reality of a country limited in economic resources as Brazil, the observation of abandonment cases of less favored children has become common. In the scope of the parental affective interactions and reduction of the risks for a healthful development, the reconstruction of these affective bonds for innumerable children around the country occurs through the adoption. Specialized literature shows that the late adoption (children above 2 years old) is the most difficult action to be materialized because of the absence of their parents and the lack of care for their real needs. In this way, the objective of this study was to identify to the difficulties and easinesses of the parents in the construction process of affective bonds by pointing out the strategies used in the late adoption considering their expectations and motivations. As a technical resource, it was used an instrument (form), composed of open and closed questions, aiming to characterize the participants. After its gauging (through the semantics and content analysis and application for suitability) with 23 collaborators, the instrument became apt for application in a selected sample. The data acquisition was carried out with 19 enrolled parents who accomplished late adoption in the district of São Carlos-SP. For this purpose, they were divided into groups according with the age of the children at the adoption: group G1 (children adopted with 2 years); group G2 (children adopted between 3 and 6 years of age); and group G3 (children adopted between 7 and 10 years of age). The results have evidenced the late adopters profile, which, in their majority, presented a high level of maturity and education. Besides, the late adopters are above of the national average socio-economic level. The main motivation found for the late adoption was the age of the children adopted, being defined as the act of educate and take care of a child. The major fear of the parents is not related with the former history of the children s life, but with their education. Their concerns turned mainly to inadequate behaviors and attitudes in terms of school discipline, which does not differ from the difficulties pointed out by some parents of the biological-adoptive families, when relating to the education of their children. Given these difficulties, the main strategies established by the parents were the promotion and social interaction, incentive and valorization of production and use of physical restrictions. The positive strategies as the manifestation of love and affection in the education and the support of familiar networks were also pointed out. Thus, it is possible to presume that the present investigation will make viable preventive practices and the knowledge acquired will make possible the elaboration of a directive program for the late adoption.
Métodos de agrupamento na análise de dados de expressão gênica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Rodrigues, Fabiene Silva
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561628588859436
The clustering techniques have frequently been used in literature to the analyse data in several fields of application. The main objective of this work is to study such techniques. There is a large number of clustering techniques in literature. In this work we concentrate on Self Organizing Map (SOM), k-means, k-medoids and Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithms. These algorithms are applied to gene expression data. The analisys of gene expression, among other possibilities, identifies which genes are differently expressed in synthesis of proteins associated to normal and sick tissues. The purpose is to do a comparing of these metods, sticking out advantages and disadvantages of such. The metods were tested for simulation and after we apply them to a real data set.
Relação da força muscular de membros superiores e inferiores e índices de gravidade na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Marino, Diego Marmorato
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Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1115312258954560
Introduction: Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present a decrease in peripheral muscle strength, leading to impaired mobility and increased death risk. However, there are a lack of studies that verify if the peripheral muscle strength have relationship with the BODE index scale and fat-free mass. Objectives: To verify the relationship between maximum upper-limb (UL) muscle strength and lower-limb (LL) muscle strength with a BODE index, isolated variables and fat-free mass in subjects with moderate to very severe COPD. Methods: Twenty-six individuals with moderate to very severe COPD (FEV1<80% of predict) were evaluated regarding body composition (body mass index-BMI and fat-free mass), BODE index, handgrip force (HGF) and one repetition maximum test (1RM) of the UL and LL. Results: Observed moderate to strong positive correlation (Pearson, p <0.05) between peripheral muscle strength with the fat-free mass and distance walked in the six-minute walk test (6MWD). However, the BODE index were not correlated with force measurement or fat-free mass. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the evaluation of peripheral muscle strength is not related to the BODE index. In such case, the peripheral muscle force measures need be used assisting the assessment of COPD subjects performance.
Sincronização e continuidade em um problema parabólico governado pelo p-Laplaciano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Pereira, Ana Claudia
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Gentile, Cláudia Buttarello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1295174684198407
In this work we study a reaction diffusion problem governed by the p-laplacian with p > 2 and we analyze properties of the continuity of the set of equilibria with respect to the diffusion parameter. We also consider coupled non-identical systems and we obtain properties about the synchronicity. Moreover we prove the convergence of the attractors with respect to the coupling parameter.
Papel do sistema histaminérgico nos processos de aprendizagem e memória em Carassius auratus após ablação cerebelar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Garção, Diogo Costa
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Mattioli, Rosana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860280866778460
This study investigated the effect of post-training treatment with L-histidine, Pyrilamine and Zolantidine on the memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance in Carassius auratus submitted to cerebellar ablation. Cerebellar ablation was performed 3 days before the experiment. The inhibitory avoidance procedure included one habituation day, one training day (5 trials: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) and a test day (TE). On the training day, each fish was individually placed in a white compartment separated from a black compartment by a sliding door. After 30s, the door was opened. When the fish crossed into the black compartment, a weight was dropped in front of it (aversive stimulus). An intraperitoneal injection with saline or L-histidine (100 mg/kg), Pyrilamine (35 mg/ml) and Zolantidina (ZO) was administered 10 minutes after the trials. The difference in the time elapsed until the fish entered the black compartment (latency) during training and testing was taken as an indicator of behavioral learning and memory. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and the Student Newman-Keuls test (p< 0.05). The three experiments indicated that in T5, all groups had similar latencies that were significantly higher than T1 latencies, indicate that all groups were able to acquire inhibitory avoidance, suggesting that cerebellar ablation does not impair learning. However, twenty four hours after the trainings, the animals with ablation indicating retention of the task while that the animals of the Sham group do not consolidate memory. The results of experiment I showed that the L-histidine reverted the effect of injury. Experiment II demonstrated that the Pyrilamine does not influence in the consolidation of the memory and the data of experiment III indicated that the zolantidina facilitates the acquisition of inhibitory avoidance independent of the cerebellum. These results suggest that the cerebellum is involved in the memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance and/or interpretation of the aversive value and that this process is mediated by H2 receptors.
Análise do ensino e da aprendizagem de crianças com surdez incluídas no ensino regular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Barbosa, Regiane da Silva
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0697461091949522
The inclusion provided access for people with special educational needs to regular education. Follow and analyze how it has been the inclusion of these children in regular schools is one way to contribute to the success of inclusion and education. This idea was developed in this research, focusing on deafness. This is a qualitative research, whose objective is to investigate and analyze how it is getting teaching and learning of deaf children included in regular schools from a midsize city in São Paulo. Participated in this research three deaf children and their teachers, resulting in three dyads. The instruments for information collection were questionnaires done with parents of participating children and their teachers, and classroom observation and recording of observations and information in a diary. The information analysis indicates that the main difficulties of teaching are in communication with the child with deafness and teaching without grounding on speech; The main difficulty in learning is to understand the speech in the classroom and in interpreting questions. The research results show lack of knowledge, training, information and support to work with these children, in other words, to the success of inclusion and quality education.
Diferentes aprendizagens na perspectiva de alunos de um Curso Pré-Vestibular Comunitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-16)
Piunti, Juliana Cristina Perlotti
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2009320874078215
The basis for this thesis is a research conducted at Prodam, a communal preparatory course for entrance exams of Brazilian Universities, in São Carlos-SP, Brazil. The research question in the students point of view, what do they learn at Prodam? , has arisen from the assumption that, at this type of preparatory courses, several kinds of learning processes take place. Therefore, our goal has been to determine, from the students perspective, what sort of learning processes they go through, considering a wide range of aspects. In order to accomplish it, we conducted field observations, registered it in journals and, afterwards, did semi-structured interviews. The methodology has its basis on the qualitative research approach. The theoretical referential is based on Gimeno, Pérez Gómez, Freire, Edwards, Certeau, among other researchers. To analyze the data, we used the thematic analysis, because, through this technique, we could understand the meanings behind the interviews and field observation. The data collected were divided into two major categories, based on the concepts of humanization and secundary socialization, by Gómez. From students and former students statements, we have observed subcategories that show that it is possible to: learn in order to pass the entrance exam , learn from the teachers and learn high school subjects , according to the perspective of learning as a second socialization process. The other subcategories learn from friends , learn from the differences and learning as overcoming , relate to the category of learning as a humanization process. Talking to the students and former students, and considering the observations, we have noticed that the preparatory course is a space of possibilities . These possibilities are related to changes, transformation of lives, connected to the humanization, once they are conditions for survival and enrichment. As we learned that going to this course made it possible for teenagers and adults to get to know new people , make friends , learn from the differences , improve at work , have new dreams , we understood that is was possible to feel the humanization process even in an environment where the acquisition of instruments to pass the entrance exams of universities is the primary objective. We have also been able to detect, from the students testimonies, their questions and analysis about this course being free of charges, the difficulties to learn despite teacher turnover and, finally, their criticism towards public High School education.
Caracterização molecular de biopolímeros em solução utilizando simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Franca, Eduardo de Faria
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Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9096097972613963
Computer simulation methods were used to characterize the structure and molecular properties of natural and synthetic biopolymers in aqueous solution. The polysaccharides chitin and chitosan, and aliphatic polypeptides were studied. The interest on the chitin and chitosan biopolymers is because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and potential use as pharmaceutical and technological product. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to characterize the structure and the solubility of the chitins and chitosans in aqueous solution. The simulated systems were composed by solvated chains, and nanoparticles composed by chains packed in a parallel and anti-parallel fashion, with different percentage and distribution of acetyl groups. The 100% acetylated chitin, whether isolated or in the form of α/β-chitin, adopt the 2-fold helix conformation with φ and ψ values similar to those on crystalline state. The ionic strength affects the kinetics, but not the conformational equilibrium. In solution, the intramolecular hydrogen bond HO3(n)···O5(n+1) responsible for the 2-fold helical motif is stabilized by hydrogen bonding to water molecules in a well-defined orientation. On the other hand, chitosan with small percentage and random distribution of acetil groups can adopt five distinct helical motifs and its conformational equilibrium is highly dependent on pH. The hydrogen bond pattern and solvation around the O3 atom of insoluble chitosan (basic pH) are nearly identical to those quantities in chitin. Chitin and chitosan nanoparticles with block distribution of acetyl groups favor the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in more stable aggregates. The water mobility and orientation around polysaccharide chain (highly affected by electrostatic forces) is responsible for the aggregation and solubility of the chitin and chitosan biopolymers. Moreover, a sequential QM/MM methodology is used to study the α-helix stability of aliphatic polypeptides in water solution. The understanding of the folding process is one of the greatest challenges of biophysics, and the first step is the understanding of the formation and stabilization of the secondary structure of a polypeptide. The calculated heat of formation and free energy of solvation showed that the size of side chain is directly related to the α-helix stability. The results suggest that the helix-coil transition of a polypeptide is governed by the equilibrium between the energy used in the folding process and the energy released in the solvation process, showing the solvent effect on α-helix stabilization. The validation of the sequential QM/MM methodology showed that this method is suitable to study the helix-coil transition of polypeptides in solution. The methodology is therefore useful to study solvation effects on the properties of compounds with many conformational degrees of freedom.
Diagnóstico ambiental urbano da cidade de Novo Airão - Amazonas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Moura, Sarita de
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Lorandi, Reinaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5800422124723233
Most of Brazil s municipalities are suffering environmental impacts. This situation is worse when we talk about small towns, where the framework for environmental policies is still precarious. In this ambit, when it comes to the urban planning of cities in the Brazilian Amazon, the situation is different, because the cities in the country s northern region usually grow along rivers, which complicates territorial development and therefore urban environmental planning. The objective of this research is to draw up an urban environmental diagnosis for the city of Novo Airão (AM) to support its land-use policies for urban expansion. This work addressed issues involving urban infrastructure and environmental sanitation, the quality of water supplied to the population, solid waste, rainwater runoff, areas vulnerable to natural risks, areas at risk of contamination (cemeteries, port, gas station), etc. Similarly to the situation of numerous other Brazilian cities, Novo Airão presented several irregularities, such as lack of sanitation in most of the city, contamination of several groundwater wells that supply the population, location of homes in areas of permanent preservation, and lack of paved streets in much of the city, among other problems.
Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e tolerância à glicose diminuída na população urbana de 30 a 79 anos da cidade de São Carlos (São Paulo)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Bosi, Paula Lima
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5413341184070393
Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetes (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the urban population aged 30-79 years of the city of São Carlos (SP), Brazil. Methods: It was performed a cross-sectional population survey, from August 2007 to June 2008. Subjects were first screened by fasting capillary glucose. Non diabetic individuals were administered a 75g oral glucose tolerance test and classified as diabetic, glucose intolerant or nondiabetic according to World Health Organization recommendations. Results: 1116 individuals participated, 65% female and 35% male. The overall rates of DM and IGT were 13,5% and 5%, respectively. DM and IGT were associated with age, education and obesity. However they were not associated with gender, race or income. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM has increased when compared with previous studies in Brazil and in the state, thus confirming the national and world expectations.
A estrutura de metas de sala de aula e a motivação de alunos para aprender
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Marques, Juliana Pelinsom
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Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102126657724408
The study evaluates the motivation of students from elementary school on the basis of the achievement goals adopted and the classroom goal structure from the students perceptions and teachers descriptions of educational practices. The participants were 106 students from seventh and eighth grade (brazilian educational system), a Spanish Language, an Arts and a Health and Life Quality teachers. The students personal goals were evaluated by the Scale of Evaluation of the Motivation to Learning. The educational practices were described from the Scale of the Classroom Goal Structure filled by the students and from the answers provided by the teachers in an interview. The percentages of the students from the classes 1, 2, 3 and 4, who adopted adaptive patterns of achievement goal were, respectively, 19,2%, 36,0%, 29,4% e 20,0%; the percentages of students who adopted non-adaptive patterns were 46,2%, 44,0%, 52,9% e 45,0%. The students from Class 1 agreed partially that the tasks given by the teachers were motivating and the evaluation by the domain; students from other classes partially disagreed. The teachers described the use of diversified activities and the evaluation based on different procedures. It is concluded that the educational practices, even if they present some positive aspects, do not have the basic characteristics of the practices associated with the promotion of motivation to learn. It is discussed the contributions of the Achievement Goal Theory for the understanding of the motivation at school.
Utilização da RMN aliada a métodos quimiométricos na análise de méis e aguardentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Boffo, Elisangela Fabiana
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3011157419125842
Apiculture has been increasing a lot in the last years in Brazil, which already is one of the greatest exporters of honey. Productive chain of aguardentes has also risen, and both products are considerably important in Brazilian agribusiness. Therefore, the quality control of these products is essential. The present work describes the use of SNIF-NMR technique and chemometric methods applied to 1H NMR data aiming to evaluate chemical differences that are related to samples authenticity. Using SNIFNMR technique, it was observed that the isotopic ratio of the methyl group from ethanol (2H/1H)I is related to the biosynthetic origin of carbohydrates produced by plants (C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms used to CO2 fixation). In honeys analysis, was observed a good discrimination between those produced by C3 plants (eucalyptus, citrus, assa-peixe, Jataí and wildflowers) and those from C4 plants (sugarcane). C3 plants showed (2H/1H)I values near 100 ppm (parts per million) and from C4 plants showed higher values, in approximately 12 ppm. Some commercial samples presented (2H/1H)I values near those determined for sugarcane honeys. In aguardentes analysis, a discrimination of approximately 12 ppm between those from C3 (grape, banana and cassava) and C4 (sugarcane and maize) plants was also observed. Aguardentes from CAM plants (pineapple) showed intermediate values. (2H/1H)I data of honey aguardentes were similar to those of C3 plants. For banana, peach, coconut and pineapple commercial samples (from C3 plants), (2H/1H)I values were similar to those of sugarcane aguardentes. Chemometrics applied to 1H NMR spectra data allowed the discrimination among honeys from eucalyptus, citrus and wildflowers, which were produced in São Paulo state. Moreover, honeys, which showed anomalous behaviour, were discriminated due to citric acid and HMF presence. KNN, SIMCA and PLS-DA methods were suitable for classification of commercial honeys from this state. Honeys from different Brazilian regions could not be discriminated since they showed very similar characteristics. However, adulterated and different types of honeys were discriminated. PCA and HCA analyses applied to 1H NMR spectra of aguardentes allowed to discriminate the different types of such samples. Sugarcane with lemon aguardentes and cassava aguardentes were distinguished. Adulterated aguardentes from banana, peach, coconut and pineapple showed 1H NMR spectra quite similar, what suggested that they were made from the same raw material.
Estrutura da comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos em arrozais do Rio Grande do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Stenert, Cristina
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748567921159572
Wetlands are prioritary ecosystems for conservation due to their vast biological diversity and productivity, besides their many functions and value. In southern Brazil conservative data show that about 90% of the original wetlands are already destroyed due to agricultural expansion, mainly the irrigated rice fields. On the other hand, rice is the most important cereal grown in developing countries, being the main food source for more than half of the world population. Also, a high diversity of plants and animals has been found in these agricultural areas. The main goal of this study was to assess the structure and diversity of macroinvertebrates in rice fields and irrigation canals over the different hydrological phases of the cultivation cycle in an important rice cultivation area in Rio Grande do Sul to preserve the biota in these agroecosystems. Six collections were carried out along a cultivation cycle (June 2005 June 2006) in six rice fields and four irrigation canals in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul. Quantitative samples of macroinvertebrates were obtained with a corer inserted 10 cm deep into the sediment, and also qualitative samples with a kick net.The main results obtained were: a total of 26,579 individuals assigned into 119 invertebrate taxa were collected in rice fields and irrigation canals; the maintenance of the dry fields and the flooded fields in the fallow phase favors the setting of a greater amount of macroinvertebrate taxa in the agricultural landscape; the irrigated rice fields can store and keep egg banks and other resistance structures of aquatic invertebrates viable along their cultivation cycle, and the irrigation canals work as habitats for the aquatic invertebrate community, thus assisting to keep the aquatic diversity in these agricultural areas. These results can be used in management plans which aim at reconciling agricultural production and biodiversity conservation in Rio Grande do Sul.
Efeitos de verdade, ethos e relações de poder no discurso jurídico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Magri, Marília Valencise
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4300445103537070
Tout au long de l Histoire l émergence des formes juridiques révèle que le Droit en tant qu espace de conflit discoursif institutionalisé n est ni supra-social ni naturel. Il est plutôt le résultat de relations de lutte et de pouvoir. L exercice du discours juridique recèle ainsi une forme politique de maîtrise du langage et du pouvoir créant des effets de vérité à travers l opération argumentative. Devant ce cadre et à partir de la matérialité du discours, la présente recherche vise à étudier la constituition de l ethos tant que procédé institutionel ayant pour but la construction d effets de vérité dans le procès juridique. Pour que ces procédés soient analysés on considère que les acteurs se constituent par leur langage, celui qui sera altéré à la fois par des stratégies discoursives. En prenant comme référence le concept d ethos et en utilisant comme corpus d analyse les procès-verbaux d un cas d homicide dont l agent est la mère de l aggresseur sexuel de son fils, cette étude vise de comprendre la construction des images de personnages concernés par les procès lors des divers témoignages au jury. Pour cela la méthodologie y employée s appuie sur les concepts d acteur et de pouvoir établi par Michel Foucault autant que celui d ethos, proposé par Dominique Maingueneau. Ayant l expectative d aboutir à démarquer les procédés de la constituition d effets de vérité et les relations de pouvoir dans une situation de dispute entre les paroles où on cherche à légitimer ses objectifs communicatifs, le travail a pour but de réfléchir à propos de la constituition du savoir juridique en tant que pratique discoursive capable d établir les différences parmi les individus grâce aux relations de pouvoir historiquement construites.
Análise do isomorfismo na constituição do arranjo organizacional "Coordenação de Curso de Graduação" em quatro centros universitários do interior do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Gonzalez, Fernanda Nolli
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Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3451841985774613
This work analyses the organizational arrangement isomorphism of graduation course coordination of the university center institutional model. This model has been regulated in the higher education since 1996 with the new Law of Guidelines and Basis of Education (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação). Taking into account that the educational institutions submit to the authoritative force of the legislation determined by the Educational Ministry, the course was taken as a referential to describe the structure framing facing the legal demands. This is the main focus of preoccupation of the university center because it is through this framing that teaching is transmitted. To achieve the target of this work a bibliographical research has been carried out on the institutional theory, on the new institutionalism and on bureaucracy characteristics and types of organizational structures. In addition to it, a case study has also been carried out with the courses of Administration and Social Communication Publicity and Advertisement in four university centers (three private institutions and one public institution) in the country of São Paulo State. One chairperson of each institution was interviewed, as well as the coordinators of the courses above mentioned, in a total of twelve researches. The isomorphism of the organizational arrangement in the graduation course coordination has been identified specially on the issues pre-established by law. Comparing the same courses, it has been observed that the courses of Administration are more isomorphic than the courses of Social Communication Publicity and Advertisement. Besides, a flexibility trend of the organizational structure of the institutions has been verified and this is meant to conform to the environmental uncertainties, that is to say, the existence of a mechanical structure (inheritance of the departmental framing) together with an organic structure. This factor also reflects on the difference between the form of course management where coordinators under the same internal regimen orientation print on the course their identity and their way of managing.