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Caracterização molecular de biopolímeros em solução utilizando simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Franca, Eduardo de Faria
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Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9096097972613963
Computer simulation methods were used to characterize the structure and molecular properties of natural and synthetic biopolymers in aqueous solution. The polysaccharides chitin and chitosan, and aliphatic polypeptides were studied. The interest on the chitin and chitosan biopolymers is because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and potential use as pharmaceutical and technological product. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to characterize the structure and the solubility of the chitins and chitosans in aqueous solution. The simulated systems were composed by solvated chains, and nanoparticles composed by chains packed in a parallel and anti-parallel fashion, with different percentage and distribution of acetyl groups. The 100% acetylated chitin, whether isolated or in the form of α/β-chitin, adopt the 2-fold helix conformation with φ and ψ values similar to those on crystalline state. The ionic strength affects the kinetics, but not the conformational equilibrium. In solution, the intramolecular hydrogen bond HO3(n)···O5(n+1) responsible for the 2-fold helical motif is stabilized by hydrogen bonding to water molecules in a well-defined orientation. On the other hand, chitosan with small percentage and random distribution of acetil groups can adopt five distinct helical motifs and its conformational equilibrium is highly dependent on pH. The hydrogen bond pattern and solvation around the O3 atom of insoluble chitosan (basic pH) are nearly identical to those quantities in chitin. Chitin and chitosan nanoparticles with block distribution of acetyl groups favor the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in more stable aggregates. The water mobility and orientation around polysaccharide chain (highly affected by electrostatic forces) is responsible for the aggregation and solubility of the chitin and chitosan biopolymers. Moreover, a sequential QM/MM methodology is used to study the α-helix stability of aliphatic polypeptides in water solution. The understanding of the folding process is one of the greatest challenges of biophysics, and the first step is the understanding of the formation and stabilization of the secondary structure of a polypeptide. The calculated heat of formation and free energy of solvation showed that the size of side chain is directly related to the α-helix stability. The results suggest that the helix-coil transition of a polypeptide is governed by the equilibrium between the energy used in the folding process and the energy released in the solvation process, showing the solvent effect on α-helix stabilization. The validation of the sequential QM/MM methodology showed that this method is suitable to study the helix-coil transition of polypeptides in solution. The methodology is therefore useful to study solvation effects on the properties of compounds with many conformational degrees of freedom.
Diagnóstico ambiental urbano da cidade de Novo Airão - Amazonas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Moura, Sarita de
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Lorandi, Reinaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5800422124723233
Most of Brazil s municipalities are suffering environmental impacts. This situation is worse when we talk about small towns, where the framework for environmental policies is still precarious. In this ambit, when it comes to the urban planning of cities in the Brazilian Amazon, the situation is different, because the cities in the country s northern region usually grow along rivers, which complicates territorial development and therefore urban environmental planning. The objective of this research is to draw up an urban environmental diagnosis for the city of Novo Airão (AM) to support its land-use policies for urban expansion. This work addressed issues involving urban infrastructure and environmental sanitation, the quality of water supplied to the population, solid waste, rainwater runoff, areas vulnerable to natural risks, areas at risk of contamination (cemeteries, port, gas station), etc. Similarly to the situation of numerous other Brazilian cities, Novo Airão presented several irregularities, such as lack of sanitation in most of the city, contamination of several groundwater wells that supply the population, location of homes in areas of permanent preservation, and lack of paved streets in much of the city, among other problems.
Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e tolerância à glicose diminuída na população urbana de 30 a 79 anos da cidade de São Carlos (São Paulo)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Bosi, Paula Lima
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Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5413341184070393
Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetes (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the urban population aged 30-79 years of the city of São Carlos (SP), Brazil. Methods: It was performed a cross-sectional population survey, from August 2007 to June 2008. Subjects were first screened by fasting capillary glucose. Non diabetic individuals were administered a 75g oral glucose tolerance test and classified as diabetic, glucose intolerant or nondiabetic according to World Health Organization recommendations. Results: 1116 individuals participated, 65% female and 35% male. The overall rates of DM and IGT were 13,5% and 5%, respectively. DM and IGT were associated with age, education and obesity. However they were not associated with gender, race or income. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM has increased when compared with previous studies in Brazil and in the state, thus confirming the national and world expectations.
A estrutura de metas de sala de aula e a motivação de alunos para aprender
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Marques, Juliana Pelinsom
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Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102126657724408
The study evaluates the motivation of students from elementary school on the basis of the achievement goals adopted and the classroom goal structure from the students perceptions and teachers descriptions of educational practices. The participants were 106 students from seventh and eighth grade (brazilian educational system), a Spanish Language, an Arts and a Health and Life Quality teachers. The students personal goals were evaluated by the Scale of Evaluation of the Motivation to Learning. The educational practices were described from the Scale of the Classroom Goal Structure filled by the students and from the answers provided by the teachers in an interview. The percentages of the students from the classes 1, 2, 3 and 4, who adopted adaptive patterns of achievement goal were, respectively, 19,2%, 36,0%, 29,4% e 20,0%; the percentages of students who adopted non-adaptive patterns were 46,2%, 44,0%, 52,9% e 45,0%. The students from Class 1 agreed partially that the tasks given by the teachers were motivating and the evaluation by the domain; students from other classes partially disagreed. The teachers described the use of diversified activities and the evaluation based on different procedures. It is concluded that the educational practices, even if they present some positive aspects, do not have the basic characteristics of the practices associated with the promotion of motivation to learn. It is discussed the contributions of the Achievement Goal Theory for the understanding of the motivation at school.
Utilização da RMN aliada a métodos quimiométricos na análise de méis e aguardentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Boffo, Elisangela Fabiana
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3011157419125842
Apiculture has been increasing a lot in the last years in Brazil, which already is one of the greatest exporters of honey. Productive chain of aguardentes has also risen, and both products are considerably important in Brazilian agribusiness. Therefore, the quality control of these products is essential. The present work describes the use of SNIF-NMR technique and chemometric methods applied to 1H NMR data aiming to evaluate chemical differences that are related to samples authenticity. Using SNIFNMR technique, it was observed that the isotopic ratio of the methyl group from ethanol (2H/1H)I is related to the biosynthetic origin of carbohydrates produced by plants (C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms used to CO2 fixation). In honeys analysis, was observed a good discrimination between those produced by C3 plants (eucalyptus, citrus, assa-peixe, Jataí and wildflowers) and those from C4 plants (sugarcane). C3 plants showed (2H/1H)I values near 100 ppm (parts per million) and from C4 plants showed higher values, in approximately 12 ppm. Some commercial samples presented (2H/1H)I values near those determined for sugarcane honeys. In aguardentes analysis, a discrimination of approximately 12 ppm between those from C3 (grape, banana and cassava) and C4 (sugarcane and maize) plants was also observed. Aguardentes from CAM plants (pineapple) showed intermediate values. (2H/1H)I data of honey aguardentes were similar to those of C3 plants. For banana, peach, coconut and pineapple commercial samples (from C3 plants), (2H/1H)I values were similar to those of sugarcane aguardentes. Chemometrics applied to 1H NMR spectra data allowed the discrimination among honeys from eucalyptus, citrus and wildflowers, which were produced in São Paulo state. Moreover, honeys, which showed anomalous behaviour, were discriminated due to citric acid and HMF presence. KNN, SIMCA and PLS-DA methods were suitable for classification of commercial honeys from this state. Honeys from different Brazilian regions could not be discriminated since they showed very similar characteristics. However, adulterated and different types of honeys were discriminated. PCA and HCA analyses applied to 1H NMR spectra of aguardentes allowed to discriminate the different types of such samples. Sugarcane with lemon aguardentes and cassava aguardentes were distinguished. Adulterated aguardentes from banana, peach, coconut and pineapple showed 1H NMR spectra quite similar, what suggested that they were made from the same raw material.
Estrutura da comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos em arrozais do Rio Grande do Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-17)
Stenert, Cristina
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748567921159572
Wetlands are prioritary ecosystems for conservation due to their vast biological diversity and productivity, besides their many functions and value. In southern Brazil conservative data show that about 90% of the original wetlands are already destroyed due to agricultural expansion, mainly the irrigated rice fields. On the other hand, rice is the most important cereal grown in developing countries, being the main food source for more than half of the world population. Also, a high diversity of plants and animals has been found in these agricultural areas. The main goal of this study was to assess the structure and diversity of macroinvertebrates in rice fields and irrigation canals over the different hydrological phases of the cultivation cycle in an important rice cultivation area in Rio Grande do Sul to preserve the biota in these agroecosystems. Six collections were carried out along a cultivation cycle (June 2005 June 2006) in six rice fields and four irrigation canals in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul. Quantitative samples of macroinvertebrates were obtained with a corer inserted 10 cm deep into the sediment, and also qualitative samples with a kick net.The main results obtained were: a total of 26,579 individuals assigned into 119 invertebrate taxa were collected in rice fields and irrigation canals; the maintenance of the dry fields and the flooded fields in the fallow phase favors the setting of a greater amount of macroinvertebrate taxa in the agricultural landscape; the irrigated rice fields can store and keep egg banks and other resistance structures of aquatic invertebrates viable along their cultivation cycle, and the irrigation canals work as habitats for the aquatic invertebrate community, thus assisting to keep the aquatic diversity in these agricultural areas. These results can be used in management plans which aim at reconciling agricultural production and biodiversity conservation in Rio Grande do Sul.
Efeitos de verdade, ethos e relações de poder no discurso jurídico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Magri, Marília Valencise
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4300445103537070
Tout au long de l Histoire l émergence des formes juridiques révèle que le Droit en tant qu espace de conflit discoursif institutionalisé n est ni supra-social ni naturel. Il est plutôt le résultat de relations de lutte et de pouvoir. L exercice du discours juridique recèle ainsi une forme politique de maîtrise du langage et du pouvoir créant des effets de vérité à travers l opération argumentative. Devant ce cadre et à partir de la matérialité du discours, la présente recherche vise à étudier la constituition de l ethos tant que procédé institutionel ayant pour but la construction d effets de vérité dans le procès juridique. Pour que ces procédés soient analysés on considère que les acteurs se constituent par leur langage, celui qui sera altéré à la fois par des stratégies discoursives. En prenant comme référence le concept d ethos et en utilisant comme corpus d analyse les procès-verbaux d un cas d homicide dont l agent est la mère de l aggresseur sexuel de son fils, cette étude vise de comprendre la construction des images de personnages concernés par les procès lors des divers témoignages au jury. Pour cela la méthodologie y employée s appuie sur les concepts d acteur et de pouvoir établi par Michel Foucault autant que celui d ethos, proposé par Dominique Maingueneau. Ayant l expectative d aboutir à démarquer les procédés de la constituition d effets de vérité et les relations de pouvoir dans une situation de dispute entre les paroles où on cherche à légitimer ses objectifs communicatifs, le travail a pour but de réfléchir à propos de la constituition du savoir juridique en tant que pratique discoursive capable d établir les différences parmi les individus grâce aux relations de pouvoir historiquement construites.
Análise do isomorfismo na constituição do arranjo organizacional "Coordenação de Curso de Graduação" em quatro centros universitários do interior do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Gonzalez, Fernanda Nolli
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Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3451841985774613
This work analyses the organizational arrangement isomorphism of graduation course coordination of the university center institutional model. This model has been regulated in the higher education since 1996 with the new Law of Guidelines and Basis of Education (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação). Taking into account that the educational institutions submit to the authoritative force of the legislation determined by the Educational Ministry, the course was taken as a referential to describe the structure framing facing the legal demands. This is the main focus of preoccupation of the university center because it is through this framing that teaching is transmitted. To achieve the target of this work a bibliographical research has been carried out on the institutional theory, on the new institutionalism and on bureaucracy characteristics and types of organizational structures. In addition to it, a case study has also been carried out with the courses of Administration and Social Communication Publicity and Advertisement in four university centers (three private institutions and one public institution) in the country of São Paulo State. One chairperson of each institution was interviewed, as well as the coordinators of the courses above mentioned, in a total of twelve researches. The isomorphism of the organizational arrangement in the graduation course coordination has been identified specially on the issues pre-established by law. Comparing the same courses, it has been observed that the courses of Administration are more isomorphic than the courses of Social Communication Publicity and Advertisement. Besides, a flexibility trend of the organizational structure of the institutions has been verified and this is meant to conform to the environmental uncertainties, that is to say, the existence of a mechanical structure (inheritance of the departmental framing) together with an organic structure. This factor also reflects on the difference between the form of course management where coordinators under the same internal regimen orientation print on the course their identity and their way of managing.
Estruturação populacional do camarão-rosa sobreexplotado Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967) no litoral sul-sudeste brasileiro e seu significado para a conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Preto, Artur de Lima
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656831794872958
Farfantepenaeus paulensis, also known as pink shrimp, is a shrimp species usually found from Ilhéus (Bahia, Brazil) to Mar Del Plata (Argentina) and represents an important employment source for many Brazilian fisher s families. The study of its population structure using morphometrical parameters and microsatellites markers may provide basis for conservation programs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the population structure of pink shrimp F. paulensis at the Brazilian coast, in the south and southeast regions, using microsatellite markers and its morphometrical parameters. The shrimps were sampled in Patos Lagoon (RS), St. Antônio Lagoon (SC), Itajaí-Açu River (SC), Babitonga Bay (SC) and Cananéia City (SP). Although univariate and multivariate morphometric analyses had shown different population structure degrees between the studied places, the results of both microsatellites markers and multivariate morphometric analyses showed the possibility of the occurrence of four F. paulensis populations. The results of this study are of great value to the development of future programs for the conservation of this species, so that this resource is not depleted by over-fishing, fishing activity guaranteed to the current generation and future generations.
Estudo das técnicas de obtenção de Hamiltonianos efetivos em Óptica Quântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Carvalho, Camila Miranda
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2416782121782126
In the Quantum Optics area, the construction of effective hamiltonian is a matter of great importance, since from them we can generate and manipulate quantum states and logical operations. In this work we discuss 3 approximate methods for obtaining such effective hamiltonians: i) adiabatic elimination, ii) method of effective dynamics for oscillating hamiltonians and iii) nonlinear small rotations. Here we analyze the regime of validity of these techniques, their disadvantages and advantages. We note that, although adiabatic elimination is the most used and known, it has inconsistencies and can provide incorrect effective hamiltonians. The method of effective dynamics, although a very simple technique, also has inconsistencies and is not applicable to dissipative systems. Moreover, the method of nonlinear small rotations, which appears as the most accurate, is rarely used in the literature.
Avaliação da capacidade funcional, nível de atividade física e qualidade de vida de adolescentes asmáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Basso, Renata Pedrolongo
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Jamami, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6419696729541090
Data collected allowed the development of two studies, their objects are: Study I compare the physical performance, cardiovascular and respiratory responses, and the sensation of dyspnea (BorgDyspnea) and fatigue and pain in the lower limbs (BorgLL) between asthmatic and healthy adolescents in the six minute walking test (6MWT) and six minute step test (6MST); and determine the influence of body mass index (BMI), physical activity level (PAL) and spirometric variables in physical performance and responses obtained in the tests. Study II verify whether in 6MST there is a correlation between quality of life (QOL) in adolescents with asthma and the following variables: physical performance, cardiorespiratory responses, BorgDyspnea, BorgLL, spirometric responses. Also, whether there is a correlation between QOL and the PAL of these individuals. For this, 19 adolescents with asthma (AG) and 19 healthy (HG), aged between 11-15 years, both sexes, were assessed by spirometry, by 6MWT and by 6MST, and their PAL were quantified by International Physical Activity Questionnairy (IPAQ). The asthmatics answered the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ). In the Study I, in the 6MST, lower performance (6MST-T), lower heart rate (HR) and higher BorgLL were observed in AG. In the 6MWT, the walking distance (WD) was positively correlated with PAL, and HR with BMI in the AG; and in the HG, the HR and respiratory rate (RR) were positively correlated with WD. In the 6MST, in the AG, HR and RR were positively correlated with spirometric variables, and the PAL with 6MST-T. The 6MST-T was negatively correlated with BMI, and BorgDyspnea with PAL. In the HG, the HR and RR were positively correlated with spirometric variables; and the BMI with BorgLL. In Study II, negative correlations were obtained between BorgDypnea and total score of the questionnaire (PAQLQ-T); and BorgDyspnea and BorgLL with symptoms domain (St) and limitation in activities domain (LA). They were observed positive correlations between PAL and PAQLQ-T, LA and St. In the regression analysis, for PAQLQ-T and LA just BorgDyspnea was significantly in predicted them; and for St just BorgLL. Concluded that the 6MST was capable to detect the limitations of adolescents with asthma in activities of moderate intensity, because the AG showed lower physical performance and higher BorgLL in relation to HG. The spirometric variables, the BMI and the PAL influenced the responses obtained in the tests. Also, the higher PAL and lower BorgDyspnea and BorgLL in 6MST better quality of life. The 6MST has to be an option for evaluating exercise capacity in these asthamatics, because it reflects the discomfort caused by asthma, due to their symptoms, in the practice of physical activities of daily living.
A memória de futuro analisada pela linguagem cinematográfica: diálogos entre a teoria do cinema e Mikhail Bakhtin
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Di Camargo Júnior, Ivo
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
The present study aims to analyze the representations of future in four science fiction movies launched at random during the past thirty years. Blade Runner,by Ridley Scott, Artificial Intelligence, by Steven Spilberg, Idiocracy, by Mike Judge and Children of Men by Alfonso Cuarón, compose our selected corpus for discussion and dialogue. For that purpose, we some concepts have been borrowed as Memory of Future, Dialogism and Intertextuality. The first science fiction film placed in the future we have ever seen was Terminator and the war between Humans and Machines. The child´s innocence made us count the days for the fatidic 1997, but there was no background to feel the film was reconstructing the present of that time, the Reagan era and his technological pyrotechnics war. If each era represents the future according to its own contradictions, in these movies the dialogues are marked above all by political, ideological and even existential ruptures. On the selected movies the world is always in transformation, reflecting the contexts of their times. Another goal of this thesis is to reflect upon the transposition process of literary tradition texts to the motion pictures language aiming the work production to the great audience via movie- theaters and television. At last there is an intent to contribute to the language and cultural studies, applied to the science fiction movies, and leave something relevant about the filmic representations of the future presented on movie-theaters screens.
Gestão da qualidade em cadeias de suprimentos do segmento de motores de automóveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-18)
Zagha, Roberta Resende
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4709835935585528
This work seeks to identify and analyze the quality management forms adopted by two engine assemblers and by nine of their first and second tier suppliers, discussing the relationships between the quality management form implemented by each assembler and the ones implemented by its suppliers in each supply chain studied. In a second moment, this work compares the two sets of quality management forms adopted in those two supply chains. Three hypotheses orient this research: the two engine assemblers adopt different quality management forms; the suppliers of those engine assemblers adopt different quality management forms as well; the two sets of quality management forms adopted in those supply chains are different, since the distinct quality management forms implemented by the assemblers and by their respective suppliers are conditioned by different supply chain structures and relationships. This work is accomplished through some literature revisions on the topics associated to the mentioned subject and secondly through a field research that involves case studies carried out in two supply chains. These two supply chains have different configurations: they are headed by two engine assemblers that present distinct levels of vertical integration and have different types of relationships with their respective suppliers. In each one of the analyzed companies two engine assemblers and nine suppliers (from the first and the second tiers) some semi-structured interviews were realized. The results indicate that the quality management forms implemented by the two engine assemblers are very similar. They indicate as well that the adoption of the conception main principles and guidelines of the Total Quality Management by all suppliers assures certain resemblance amongst the quality management forms implemented by them. But there are indications that the adopted forms by the suppliers are different, being the most sophisticated practices implemented by the multinational suppliers. It is observed an association between the differences in the supply chain structures and relationships and the differences in the two sets of quality management forms adopted (in the two chains). The supply chain in that the assembler has a higher degree of outsourcing and a bigger proportion (and absolute number) of smaller and national capital suppliers, with the goal of having cost advantages (with lower prices and lower transport costs), must, in compensation, spend bigger effort to guarantee the quality of the components it acquires. The chains characterized by engine assemblers having fewer suppliers are usually noticeable by long term relationships, with a greater number of large-sized suppliers, more technologically capable (generally multinationals companies certified according to quality standards), must make a relatively bigger effort to negotiate with suppliers, but a much lower effort to develop them.
Diretrizes para a gestão da qualidade do processo de projeto em empresas de pré-fabricados baseado na norma NBR ISO 9001:2000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Bergami, Mara Lúcia
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Novaes, Celso Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1923531835605218
The project process is critical so that be achieved the objectives of quality for constructive prefabricated concrete. The correct development of a project process, from the program systematization of quality management, promote to the efficacy of the entire production project. Thus, this dissertation has the objective to propose guidelines for effective implementation of project requirements established by section 7.3 and others sections related to the project process, referenced in standard NBR ISO 9001:2000 to manufacture companies of prefabricated concrete. These guidelines were established from the review of literature and of the explorative case study, accomplished in three manufacture companies of prefabricated concrete, where through a preliminary questionnaire and observation, we can collect data that identify the attention points for quality management of process project. To achieve the objectives above, were investigated aspects such as: the project relevance to the concrete prefabs industry, the method of project coordination in prefab and the impact of non-conformance projects for the production process (production and setting prefabricated project).
A construção de instrumentos avaliativos para compreensão do processo de aquisição da língua materna em crianças do 1º Ano de Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Helmer, Ester Almeida
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0143425175231051
The present work has as objective socialize the discussions that resulted in the present master dissertation, performed in the Post-graduation Program in Education, of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos UFSCar in the "Teaching Methodology" area, in the "Teaching and Learning Process in different contexts" research line, being integrant part of the investigative jobs that have been performed by the Writing and Reading Acquisition: teaching and learning process research Group. In the second semester of 2007, it was offered to the teachers of different schools - public and private - in the city of São Carlos a course of extension named Literacy: Reflections on the knowledge in the first year of the Fundamental Teaching - PROEX/UFSCar, having as one of the goals argue about evaluative processes for the first year of the Fundamental Teaching, with duration of nine years. Thus, we seek to investigate how to configure descriptors and criteria set that form some evaluative instruments collectively built, for the native language acquisition process comprehension. Going through the "Collaborative Methodology" presuppose, the main goal of this research centered in elaborate evaluative instruments , starting from a work collaborative among teachers, research partners, and researchers, boarding the conceptions on evaluation of the participants, the characteristics that they attributed to the evaluative instruments and the implications that such instruments would bring to the educational intervention process . The discussions in studies group and the speeches recordings transcriptions were used as procedures for data collection. The studies on evaluation and some School concepts of Vigotski carried us to reflect about the transformations possibilities in the teaching and learning processes concerned to the evaluation and to the learning levels attribution referring to the literacy process. We left of the principle that clearness and systematization lack of the evaluative process turns it somewhat superficial. With this research we verified that we cannot disregard the importance of evaluative instruments systematization, once it can be a mechanism able to signal to the teacher the students needs that, this way, will be able to plan and to guide his intervention work and his teaching activities. This work provided reflexive activities on the configuration and on evaluative activities elaboration that carried us to a better acquisition process comprehension of the reading and of the writing, indispensable for the possible planning of the educational action. Finally, the result of this study served of guide to base the planning and the research action that integrates the project Learning Communities: it bets on learning quality, in the differences equality and in school administration democratization , financed by the FAPESP and by CNPq, inserted in the axis: Reading and Writing learning .
As necessidades informacionais dos bacharéis em Direito na defesa das pessoas com necessidades especiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Bravo, Aline Droppé
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577682239269227
Treating the rights related to persons with special needs (PSN) is a matter not only to professionals in the area of Law, but to society as a whole. Knowledge of legislation with the resulting disclosure of such information, will bring benefits not only to their own people with such needs and their families, but also contribute to the improvement of professionals with whom they are related. In the survey, the main objective was to identify the informational needs of lawyers into law on the rights of persons with special needs (PSN). The survey characterized as being kind of exploratory and descriptive and analysis of the curriculum of the Law courses offered in the State of São Paulo. The methodological procedures involved the following steps: a) review of literature related to matters under consideration, that is, rights of PSN, Special Education and Information Science, for reasons of theoretical research; b) review of literature about the legislation targeted specifically at PSN considering it is the law of Brazil; c) analysis of the curriculum of the Law courses offered in the State of São Paulo to verity the existence of specific material regarding the rights of persons with special needs; d) organization and systematization of data, with a view to examining which will be done will be done in the light of theoretical reference; e)elaborate a proposal of specific material regarding the rights of persons with special needs to Law courses. At the end of the survey aims to: contribute to guaranteeing the rights of persons with special needs; promote integration between the areas of Information Science, Law and Special Education, seeking the production of knowledge qualified to help the lawyers a right to act in defense of the rights of persons with special needs.
Avaliação de programa para capacitar pais como agentes de promoção de comportamentos de estudo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Coser, Danila Secolim
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Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387766161450223
Parental involvement can be crucial for children s academic success; however, parents often don t have appropriate repertoire to deal with scholar difficulties or to promote autonomous and effective study behaviors in their children. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate an intervention program with children s guardians, particularly of those children with a history of low school performance. Participated in the research three guardians of children (two mothers and one grandfather), indicated by teachers as having learning difficulties, which were submitted to the Teaching Program, and also the teachers and the children, who studied at a municipal elementary school in a small town of the state of São Paulo. Initially, information was collected in order to determine the starting repertoire of the apprentices in the teaching program, through interviews with the children, their parents and teachers. The Teaching Program consisted of eight meetings in which was presented information and examples of aspects that promote the behavior of studying at home, in addition to several exercises for evaluation of performance and homework proposals regarding the themes discussed in the program. The parents received an instructional material to help with the explanation of teaching units and suggested activities. Due to holidays in the end of the school year, the intervention meetings were interrupted after the fourth session, but resumed in 60 days. On resumption, the parents were re-interviewed and responded to questions of true or false, concerning the units discussed up to that moment. Teachers, who had finished the school year, were also submitted to an interview. After the completion of the Teaching Program, information was collected as measures of post-test through interviews with parents, children and teachers of the new school year. In addition to the interview, the parents answered a questionnaire of satisfaction about the Teaching Program and a general simulation exercise. A follow-up interview was conducted six months after the post-test, again with the parents, teachers and children, and the parents also went through a new simulation for performance verification. The results show that the program enables the identification of changes in the repertoire of the parents in dealing with the children s study and/or the daily routine of interaction in the family environment, especially for one of the three participants in the period between the pre and post-test. Little evidence of maintenance of these changes was observed in the follow-up interviews. Some indication of improvement in the behavior of study and school performance of children, even minor, could also be identified in the teachers report. The discussion highlights the variables that may be important to understand these results and to advance in the creation of strategies for development, implementation and evaluation of Teaching Programs that are effective for teaching parents to promote appropriate study behaviors in children in order to promote appropriate study repertoires, as well as overcome and prevent school failure.
Utilização do sinal de fundo e calibração multivariada como um procedimento para acessar a concentração total de concomitantes em espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico (TS-FF-AAS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Miranda, Kelber dos Anjos de
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995163494768470
TS-FF-AAS employs a metal tube atomizer above an air/acetylene flame and in this case, the atoms residence time is longer than that observed in FAAS (Flame AAS). As a result, elevated background signals are obtained. For this reason, a study about the effects of the concomitants Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn on the analytical signals of Cd and Pb with the help of factorial design was performed initially. Cadmium and Pb analytical signals were not significantly affected by the presence of concomitants. Although, the main purpose of this study was to make use of background signals and multivariate calibration as a procedure to assess the total concentration of concomitants in Thermospray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS). Background signals of 29 solutions containing Cd (25 g/L), Pb (500 g/L) and four concomitants (Ca, K, Mg and Na – total concentration values ranging from 0 to 5.52 g/L) were recorded at two wavelengths: 228.8 Cd and 283.3 nm Pb. With the help of Partial Least Squares (PLS), calibration models using either each wavelength alone or a combination of both were constructed to predict the total concentration of concomitants. The best model showed Root Means Square Errors of Validation (RMSEV) of 0.35 g/L using background signals at 283.3 nm. A pharmaceutical sample containing 3 g/L (sum of Ca, K, Mg and Na) was analyzed and 3% was the relative error. This sample and those used in the calibration and validation sets were also analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and a good agreement was observed. This study extends the possibilities for the use of background signals in spectrometric techniques.
Avaliação das amplitudes de movimento do cotovelo, antebraço e punho durante manuseio de carga em um setor industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Silva, Luciana Cristina da Cunha Bueno
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Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8631547579695270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5169337811836823
Despite the intense mechanization that has taken place over recent years, manual material handling still takes place in most occupational environments. Gripping loads have been related with musculoskeletal disorders, but few studies evaluating upper-limb movements by means of direct measurements in occupational environments are available in the literature. The aim of the present study was to describe the types of grip adopted during handling boxes at different heights on industrial pallets, and to record the wrist, forearm and elbow movements. Electrogoniometry was used to record the movements of seven experienced workers during a real activity in an occupational environment. Most of the workers positioned their hands on the load asymmetrically, and the box handles were not used. Large elbow movements and extreme amplitudes of wrist extension and radial deviation were observed according to the different types of grip. The Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn tests indicated significant differences in the range of motion for the different heights of the handling task. In order to decrease the load on the upper limbs during manual material handling activities, new box designs associated with worker training, need to be investigated in future studies.
A multiculturalidade nas políticas educacionais e a formação de professores : Brasil e Portugal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Araujo, Viviane Patricia Colloca
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1247015525946012
In this work trying to understand how the education politics and of teachers' formation, in Brazil and in Portugal, they are attending to the present multiculturalidade in these countries. For this, I use the documentary inquiry for the gathering of the data and the analysis of content to describe and to understand these collected data. I carried out the collection of the data at two moments: the data of Portugal were collected in 2006, through a traineeship in the Faculty of Psychology and of Sciences of the Education of the University of Oporto and the data of Brazil were collected in the beginning of 2008. Besides the analysis of the documents also interviews were used semi-structured to understand the politics of teachers' formation and the actions implemented by the Brazilian and Portuguese Ministries of Education. In this form, I structured this work in three parts. In the first part I situates the theoretical referential system and methodology of the Theory, subdivided in four chapters. Firstly, I think about the context of the globalization and his impacts about the economy, about the politics, about the culture and, principally, about the education through the education politics. Next, I discuss the key concepts of the theoretical referential system and connect these concepts with the education of a general form. In the third chapter, I talk about the teachers' formation in front of the multicultural questions and the possible strategies to re-structure the formation of these professionals and, in the room chapter, I demonstrate the methodology used to develop the inquiry. In the second part of the work I present a characterization of the education and of the teachers' formation in Brazil and in Portugal. Already in the third and last part, I present the analysis of some legal Brazilian and Portuguese documents that indicate the necessity of an attention the multiculturalidade in the education of these countries and detach some advancements and retreats in this discussion.