Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2009-02-19"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21123

Diretrizes para a gestão da qualidade do processo de projeto em empresas de pré-fabricados baseado na norma NBR ISO 9001:2000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Bergami, Mara Lúcia
;
Novaes, Celso Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7340467051481570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1923531835605218
The project process is critical so that be achieved the objectives of quality for constructive prefabricated concrete. The correct development of a project process, from the program systematization of quality management, promote to the efficacy of the entire production project. Thus, this dissertation has the objective to propose guidelines for effective implementation of project requirements established by section 7.3 and others sections related to the project process, referenced in standard NBR ISO 9001:2000 to manufacture companies of prefabricated concrete. These guidelines were established from the review of literature and of the explorative case study, accomplished in three manufacture companies of prefabricated concrete, where through a preliminary questionnaire and observation, we can collect data that identify the attention points for quality management of process project. To achieve the objectives above, were investigated aspects such as: the project relevance to the concrete prefabs industry, the method of project coordination in prefab and the impact of non-conformance projects for the production process (production and setting prefabricated project).
A construção de instrumentos avaliativos para compreensão do processo de aquisição da língua materna em crianças do 1º Ano de Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Helmer, Ester Almeida
;
Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0143425175231051
The present work has as objective socialize the discussions that resulted in the present master dissertation, performed in the Post-graduation Program in Education, of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos UFSCar in the "Teaching Methodology" area, in the "Teaching and Learning Process in different contexts" research line, being integrant part of the investigative jobs that have been performed by the Writing and Reading Acquisition: teaching and learning process research Group. In the second semester of 2007, it was offered to the teachers of different schools - public and private - in the city of São Carlos a course of extension named Literacy: Reflections on the knowledge in the first year of the Fundamental Teaching - PROEX/UFSCar, having as one of the goals argue about evaluative processes for the first year of the Fundamental Teaching, with duration of nine years. Thus, we seek to investigate how to configure descriptors and criteria set that form some evaluative instruments collectively built, for the native language acquisition process comprehension. Going through the "Collaborative Methodology" presuppose, the main goal of this research centered in elaborate evaluative instruments , starting from a work collaborative among teachers, research partners, and researchers, boarding the conceptions on evaluation of the participants, the characteristics that they attributed to the evaluative instruments and the implications that such instruments would bring to the educational intervention process . The discussions in studies group and the speeches recordings transcriptions were used as procedures for data collection. The studies on evaluation and some School concepts of Vigotski carried us to reflect about the transformations possibilities in the teaching and learning processes concerned to the evaluation and to the learning levels attribution referring to the literacy process. We left of the principle that clearness and systematization lack of the evaluative process turns it somewhat superficial. With this research we verified that we cannot disregard the importance of evaluative instruments systematization, once it can be a mechanism able to signal to the teacher the students needs that, this way, will be able to plan and to guide his intervention work and his teaching activities. This work provided reflexive activities on the configuration and on evaluative activities elaboration that carried us to a better acquisition process comprehension of the reading and of the writing, indispensable for the possible planning of the educational action. Finally, the result of this study served of guide to base the planning and the research action that integrates the project Learning Communities: it bets on learning quality, in the differences equality and in school administration democratization , financed by the FAPESP and by CNPq, inserted in the axis: Reading and Writing learning .
As necessidades informacionais dos bacharéis em Direito na defesa das pessoas com necessidades especiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Bravo, Aline Droppé
;
Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577682239269227
Treating the rights related to persons with special needs (PSN) is a matter not only to professionals in the area of Law, but to society as a whole. Knowledge of legislation with the resulting disclosure of such information, will bring benefits not only to their own people with such needs and their families, but also contribute to the improvement of professionals with whom they are related. In the survey, the main objective was to identify the informational needs of lawyers into law on the rights of persons with special needs (PSN). The survey characterized as being kind of exploratory and descriptive and analysis of the curriculum of the Law courses offered in the State of São Paulo. The methodological procedures involved the following steps: a) review of literature related to matters under consideration, that is, rights of PSN, Special Education and Information Science, for reasons of theoretical research; b) review of literature about the legislation targeted specifically at PSN considering it is the law of Brazil; c) analysis of the curriculum of the Law courses offered in the State of São Paulo to verity the existence of specific material regarding the rights of persons with special needs; d) organization and systematization of data, with a view to examining which will be done will be done in the light of theoretical reference; e)elaborate a proposal of specific material regarding the rights of persons with special needs to Law courses. At the end of the survey aims to: contribute to guaranteeing the rights of persons with special needs; promote integration between the areas of Information Science, Law and Special Education, seeking the production of knowledge qualified to help the lawyers a right to act in defense of the rights of persons with special needs.
Avaliação de programa para capacitar pais como agentes de promoção de comportamentos de estudo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Coser, Danila Secolim
;
Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387766161450223
Parental involvement can be crucial for children s academic success; however, parents often don t have appropriate repertoire to deal with scholar difficulties or to promote autonomous and effective study behaviors in their children. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate an intervention program with children s guardians, particularly of those children with a history of low school performance. Participated in the research three guardians of children (two mothers and one grandfather), indicated by teachers as having learning difficulties, which were submitted to the Teaching Program, and also the teachers and the children, who studied at a municipal elementary school in a small town of the state of São Paulo. Initially, information was collected in order to determine the starting repertoire of the apprentices in the teaching program, through interviews with the children, their parents and teachers. The Teaching Program consisted of eight meetings in which was presented information and examples of aspects that promote the behavior of studying at home, in addition to several exercises for evaluation of performance and homework proposals regarding the themes discussed in the program. The parents received an instructional material to help with the explanation of teaching units and suggested activities. Due to holidays in the end of the school year, the intervention meetings were interrupted after the fourth session, but resumed in 60 days. On resumption, the parents were re-interviewed and responded to questions of true or false, concerning the units discussed up to that moment. Teachers, who had finished the school year, were also submitted to an interview. After the completion of the Teaching Program, information was collected as measures of post-test through interviews with parents, children and teachers of the new school year. In addition to the interview, the parents answered a questionnaire of satisfaction about the Teaching Program and a general simulation exercise. A follow-up interview was conducted six months after the post-test, again with the parents, teachers and children, and the parents also went through a new simulation for performance verification. The results show that the program enables the identification of changes in the repertoire of the parents in dealing with the children s study and/or the daily routine of interaction in the family environment, especially for one of the three participants in the period between the pre and post-test. Little evidence of maintenance of these changes was observed in the follow-up interviews. Some indication of improvement in the behavior of study and school performance of children, even minor, could also be identified in the teachers report. The discussion highlights the variables that may be important to understand these results and to advance in the creation of strategies for development, implementation and evaluation of Teaching Programs that are effective for teaching parents to promote appropriate study behaviors in children in order to promote appropriate study repertoires, as well as overcome and prevent school failure.
Utilização do sinal de fundo e calibração multivariada como um procedimento para acessar a concentração total de concomitantes em espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno tubular na chama e aerossol térmico (TS-FF-AAS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Miranda, Kelber dos Anjos de
;
Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995163494768470
TS-FF-AAS employs a metal tube atomizer above an air/acetylene flame and in this case, the atoms residence time is longer than that observed in FAAS (Flame AAS). As a result, elevated background signals are obtained. For this reason, a study about the effects of the concomitants Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn on the analytical signals of Cd and Pb with the help of factorial design was performed initially. Cadmium and Pb analytical signals were not significantly affected by the presence of concomitants. Although, the main purpose of this study was to make use of background signals and multivariate calibration as a procedure to assess the total concentration of concomitants in Thermospray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS). Background signals of 29 solutions containing Cd (25 g/L), Pb (500 g/L) and four concomitants (Ca, K, Mg and Na – total concentration values ranging from 0 to 5.52 g/L) were recorded at two wavelengths: 228.8 Cd and 283.3 nm Pb. With the help of Partial Least Squares (PLS), calibration models using either each wavelength alone or a combination of both were constructed to predict the total concentration of concomitants. The best model showed Root Means Square Errors of Validation (RMSEV) of 0.35 g/L using background signals at 283.3 nm. A pharmaceutical sample containing 3 g/L (sum of Ca, K, Mg and Na) was analyzed and 3% was the relative error. This sample and those used in the calibration and validation sets were also analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and a good agreement was observed. This study extends the possibilities for the use of background signals in spectrometric techniques.
Avaliação das amplitudes de movimento do cotovelo, antebraço e punho durante manuseio de carga em um setor industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Silva, Luciana Cristina da Cunha Bueno
;
Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8631547579695270
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5169337811836823
Despite the intense mechanization that has taken place over recent years, manual material handling still takes place in most occupational environments. Gripping loads have been related with musculoskeletal disorders, but few studies evaluating upper-limb movements by means of direct measurements in occupational environments are available in the literature. The aim of the present study was to describe the types of grip adopted during handling boxes at different heights on industrial pallets, and to record the wrist, forearm and elbow movements. Electrogoniometry was used to record the movements of seven experienced workers during a real activity in an occupational environment. Most of the workers positioned their hands on the load asymmetrically, and the box handles were not used. Large elbow movements and extreme amplitudes of wrist extension and radial deviation were observed according to the different types of grip. The Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn tests indicated significant differences in the range of motion for the different heights of the handling task. In order to decrease the load on the upper limbs during manual material handling activities, new box designs associated with worker training, need to be investigated in future studies.
A multiculturalidade nas políticas educacionais e a formação de professores : Brasil e Portugal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Araujo, Viviane Patricia Colloca
;
Lima, Emília Freitas de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1247015525946012
In this work trying to understand how the education politics and of teachers' formation, in Brazil and in Portugal, they are attending to the present multiculturalidade in these countries. For this, I use the documentary inquiry for the gathering of the data and the analysis of content to describe and to understand these collected data. I carried out the collection of the data at two moments: the data of Portugal were collected in 2006, through a traineeship in the Faculty of Psychology and of Sciences of the Education of the University of Oporto and the data of Brazil were collected in the beginning of 2008. Besides the analysis of the documents also interviews were used semi-structured to understand the politics of teachers' formation and the actions implemented by the Brazilian and Portuguese Ministries of Education. In this form, I structured this work in three parts. In the first part I situates the theoretical referential system and methodology of the Theory, subdivided in four chapters. Firstly, I think about the context of the globalization and his impacts about the economy, about the politics, about the culture and, principally, about the education through the education politics. Next, I discuss the key concepts of the theoretical referential system and connect these concepts with the education of a general form. In the third chapter, I talk about the teachers' formation in front of the multicultural questions and the possible strategies to re-structure the formation of these professionals and, in the room chapter, I demonstrate the methodology used to develop the inquiry. In the second part of the work I present a characterization of the education and of the teachers' formation in Brazil and in Portugal. Already in the third and last part, I present the analysis of some legal Brazilian and Portuguese documents that indicate the necessity of an attention the multiculturalidade in the education of these countries and detach some advancements and retreats in this discussion.
A argumentação e o político no texto jurídico : a imprensa numa ação indenizatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Silva, Maria Fernanda Faccipieri
;
Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8263680591390877
This study is developed under the theoretical-methodological perspective of Semântica do Acontecimento, and its objective is to understand the function of argumentation and designation in the language, more specifically, analyze how juridical argumentation works. Our object of analysis was a lawsuit characterized as Indemnity Action3, through which the petitioners request the closure of a website where they were offended anonymously and the consequent indemnity payment. Firstly, we established two cenas enunciativas from the corpus characterized by the court cena and the website cena, composed of smaller cenas. Through this analysis, we could observe how argumentative orientation happens when mobilizing the speakers and the memoráveis present, as well as establish how the anonymity in this cena enunciativa works. For that, we established a relation between silence and rumor, studied by Orlandi4 (mmeo) and the anonymity present in court. It was possible, therefore, to conclude from the characterization of the cena the nonexistence of this anonymity. Secondly, we used the concept of Domínio Semantico de Determinação to observe how the designation of Court, space that moves the action, takes place. We observed a relation of antonymy in its designation, which characterizes it either as a space for offenses or as a space for indictment, and that, through the designations and the memoráveis, orient the argumentation to the advantage of the website closure, as well as indemnity payment to the petitioners.
Estudo da influência do complexo bórico-sorbitol no processo de eletrodeposição, morfologia e composição da liga Zn-Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Rubin, Wesley
;
Carlos, Ivani Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9595264535185281
Zn-Mn electrodeposition on to platinum using an acid electrolyte based on boric acid (BA) or boric-sorbitol complex (BSC) has been studied. The influence of these additives concentrations on the electrodeposition process was investigated by potentiodinâmic techniques, such as voltammetry, and the electrodeposits by SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. Voltammetric studies indicated that the feature characteristics Zn-Mn deposition voltammograms, without any additives or with BA or BSC both in different concentrations were similar, and that an increase in the BSC concentration led to decrease in the current density as for zinc deposition. The current efficiency of deposition process was lower 100 Porcentagem in the absence or presence of additives due to hydrogen evolution reaction and presence of compounds containing oxygen in the deposits. SEM analysis showed that Zn-Mn electrodeposits obtained at -1.60 V in the absence of additives or in the presence of 0.08 mol L-1 BA or 0.24 mol L-1 BSC were not dendritic. EDS analysis indicated that the Zn and Mn codeposition occurred beyond -1.50 V and also showed that for electrodeposits obtained at -1.60 V the increase of the BA or BSC concentration in the deposition bath induced to a decrease of the Mn content in the electrodeposit and that for BSC this decrease was more significant. X-Ray Diffraction analysis of the electrodeposits obtained in the absence or presence additives indicated that they were formed, in general, of a mixture of Zn, ZnMn2O4, ZnMnO3 and MnH0.8.
Compartilhando conhecimentos no ensino de matemática nas séries iniciais: uma professora no contexto de tarefas investigativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-19)
Bertini, Luciane de Fatima
;
Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7883451343333340
Interest and concern about mathematics teaching in early grades of elementary school were the driving force behind the making of this paper. The choice of investigative work as the main focus of the research reflects the search for leaving out mathematics teaching based on reproduction of procedures and algorithms. The work suggests a change in classroom dynamics by involving students in a more active way in their learning and mainly by motivating their creativity and reflection. The question which led the development of the research was: What are the limitations and the power of using investigative work in mathematics teaching in the early grades of elementary school starting from a teacher s actions and reflections? By aiming to help and expand the discussions over the usage of this kind of work, this qualitative study with action-research characteristics provides reflections on viability of the usage of this work in the early grades by polyvalent teachers. The theoretical references that support the research concern studies on investigative work and the changing scene suggested to the teacher when a new methodology is used. The references concerning this scene involve matters of fear and insecurity and point out reflection and partnership as a way of overcoming them. Data was obtained from a teacher and students from a third grade from a local public school and its collection was carried out through partnership between the teacher and the researcher at moments of study, preparation and reflection over the work done in the classroom. The data in this research was gathered through an interview with the teacher, audio and video recordings, questionnaire answered by the teacher and reports written by her, students records and researcher s notes. The analysis of the data was done in a way to highlight the moments that make up the classroom process in which it was possible to notice and highlight, through the teacher s actions and reflections, limitations and power of usage of investigative work in the early grades. The power identified in the investigation show the possibility of using this work in early grades mathematics teaching, thus contributing not only for the learning of mathematics, but also for the development of attitudes such as autonomy and mutual respect. The limitations observed in many moments were overcome or minimized by the teacher s reflexive attitude and group work, which was shared with the researcher. The study points out that if the disagreement between an innovative methodological proposal, such as mathematical investigation in early grades, and a school structure that privileges aspects of traditional teaching is not abandoned, even if the proposal proves itself successful, it will be limited to a small universe.
As condições subjetivas e objetivas do trabalho docente no processo de inclusão de crianças na educação infantil : uma análise sob a perspectiva da Defectologia de Vigotsky
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Barreto, Selva Maria Guimarães
;
Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1495382719551990
The present study aimed identify and analyze the conceptions expressed by Early Childhood Education professors on the inclusion process of children with special teaching needs in the Basic Education Level based on the Defectology Theory structured by Vigotsky (1997) and recognize, analyze and comment the subjective and objective working conditions that subsidize the thoughts and actions executed by professors during the inclusion process of children with special teaching needs in Early Childhood Education in the city of Sao Carlos. Thus, primary retrospective document researches and contemporary writings were conducted, along with the association of secondary data gathering and analysis. Documentary sources were public (official documents and parliamentary publication) and particular documents, associated with the qualitative and quantitative descriptive exploratory field research. Data gathering occurred with the recording and transcription of two interviews conducted with six Early Childhood Education professors from the city of Sao Carlos. All interviewers graduated in Pedagogy and present a teaching assignment position for more than five years. They were examined with three analysis guidelines established upon the goals determined for the present research: guideline 1 -subjective working conditions of the interviewed professors; guideline 2 objective working conditions of the interviewed professors; guideline 3 subjective and objective working conditions of the interviewed professors regarding the Inclusion-Exclusion of Children with Special Teaching Needs in Early Childhood in the city of Sao Carlos. The answers provided by the professors seemed to indicate a resistance to such process motivated by the lack of required information and knowledge regarding the professional performance, a personal feeling in synchrony with social meaning of the teaching profession manifested in the interviews, and an urgent need to review the salary policy of education professionals.
Estratégias para a síntese de compósitos moleculares derivados de poliuretanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Libanori, Rafael Augusto Nicolosi
;
Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5871415628285343
In this work, we investigated strategies to obtain polyurethanebased molecular composites containing metal oxide nanoparticles chemically attached to polyurethane polymeric chain. In Strategy 1, nanoparticles functionalized with OH organic groups were added in a typical reaction to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane. The obtained materials were transparent, presented brown-color and typical characteristics of thermoplastic polymers. The results revealed that the addition of functionalized nanoparticles plays an important role in the chain growth process, suggesting that nanoparticles OH organic groups are consumed during the polymerization process, forming a primary bond between the material components. However, it was not possible to identify that primary bond by the characterization methods used in this work. On the other hand, in the Strategy 2, efforts were spent on the development of methods to obtain functional organic molecules constituted by linear chains with silane groups in both ends (called here as connecting agents). The connecting agents were used as nanobuilding blocks in a condensation reaction with metal oxide nanoparticles in order to obtain a linear hybrid chain with alternated organic and inorganic blocks. Despite it was not possible obtain linear hybrid chain molecular composite, the results contributed to a better comprehension of the mechanism involved in that method, suggesting that the use small nanoparticles (< 10 nm) and large organic molecules (molar mass between 10.000 e 50.000 g/mol) is necessary to synthesize the linear hybrid chain. Furthermore, bifunctional nanoparticles must be used to avoid the formation of a tridimensional network by cross-linking processes.
Aluminato de lantânio puro e dopado: obtenção e caracterização elétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Villas-Bôas, Lúcia Adriana
;
Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5196590498448169
In the attempt to find new electrolyte materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) that works at low temperature, perovskite-type materials have been intensively investigated. These materials have favorable crystal structure for the creation of oxygen vacancies since a variety of elements can be accommodate in the crystal lattice. Among these materials stands out LaAlO3-based perovskite which, when adequately doped, presents considerable ionic conductivity. However, in spite of doped LaAlO3 presents high ionic conductivity, it also presents p-type electronic conductivity under oxidizing conditions, which would limit his use as electrolyte. In this work, powders of pure LaAlO3 and Sr, Ca and Ba-doped individually and, in the case of Sr, also Pr and Mn-co-doped, were prepared by oxide mixture through successive calcinations. Samples, obtained via isostatic pressing, were sintered at 1500 and 1600 °C in air during 6 h of soaking time. Sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. Among the different kind of dopants (Ca, Ba and Sr), the Sr-doped sample was that one which had the higher conductivity, both the grain (σgrain = 1,8x10-2 S/cm at 800 °C) and total (σtotal = 9,3x10-3 S/cm at 800 °C) conductivity. Sr- and Pr-doped samples presented higher ionic conductivity than Pr-undoped samples (σtotal = 2,3x10-2 S/cm at 800 °C). This increase was attributed to the highest oxygen vacancy mobility since the presence of Pr+3 in crystal lattice did not introduce additional oxygen vacancies. The Mn co-doping generated samples with high electronic conductivity. It was also observed that all of the samples presented two common features: the total conductivity is controlled by the grain boundary, i. e., the grain boundary is more resistive than the grain, and the microstructures are two-phase and the majority phase is dopant depend.
Aplicações de resíduo de bauxita e cinza pesada da indústria do alumínio na fabricação de cimento Portland
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Montini, Marcelo
;
Rodrigues, José de Anchieta
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4000441989868775
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7001466550550811
Presently, a sustainable development is considered fundamental for the success and competitivity company s. Believing in such, the major Brazilian aluminum manufactures have invested, over the last two years, more than U$S 50 millions on programs focused at sustainability. With this in mind, the aluminum industry is not saving efforts to find applications ecologically and economically feasible for its main waste. Thus, the target of the present research work was to investigate the possibility of adding red mud (in natura and calcinated) and bottom ash, solid wastes resulting from the aluminum production on Portland cement, as pozzolanic additive to the cement. Additionally, was evaluated the use of red mud on the raw meal for the production of Portland cement clinker. In order to study the pozzolanic properties (according to NBR 5752/92 e NBR 5751/92) from these wastes, tests on determination of the pozzolanic activity were carried out and one further step were prepared Portland cement samples with 6%, 14%, 30% and 50% of residue. Besides that, clinkers Portland cement were produced with 5.9 and 12% by sintering the raw meals at 1450oC. The results of the pozzolanic activity and physical and mechanical essays (setting time, expansibility and compressive strength) showed the addition of up to 46% of bottom ash did not affect negatively the quality of the produced cement. However, the red mud couldn t be considered a pozzolanic material because it has presented pozzolanic activity below the demanded limits from the Brazilian Cement Standards. The clinkers produced with red mud presented chemical and mineralogical characteristics similar to the clinker from a cement plant industry. In addition, the mortar (clinker from red mud + gypsum) presented a good compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing.
Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Souza, João Paulo de
;
Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6366723862615278
The relationships among shoot inclination, light interception, photosynthetic capacity along shoot, biomass partitioning in leaves and shoots and the canopy structure were investigated in deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen tree species in Cerrado vegetation. The principal aim was to investigate the functioning and the structure of the canopies in cerrado tree species. The central hypotheses was that deciduousness is a trait strongly related to both canopy structure and functioning, and this relation could be revealed by morphological features of shoots, leaves, and by means of photosynthetic capacity along the shoot. Deciduous species produces only one cohort of leaf during the year at the end of the dry season. Slanting (plagiotropic) shoots in deciduous species could be one way to avoid the foliage self-shading since the bud unfold. One specific hypothesis was that deciduous species have plagiotropic shoots and the irradiance intensity and the photosynthetic capacity would be similar along shoot. The plagiotropic shoots in deciduous would allow high individual leaf area, high leaf area per shoot and one relationship between shoot-leaf in favor of leaves. On the other hand, the high leaf exposition to intense irradiance along shoot probably is one factor that imposes the shedding of the whole foliage at the dry season. Semideciduous and evergreen species produce leaves continuously during the year. The retention of the half of the foliage as in semideciduous even at the peak of dry season demands protection as the foliage self-shading along the shoot. Therefore, semideciduous and evergreen species have erect (orthotropic) shoots with evident foliage self-shading along the shoot. The light extinction along the orthotropic shoots could be one protection against excessive input of energy, especially in dry season. On the other hand, the dissimilar irradiance distribution along the shoot could result in significant difference about photosynthetic capacity between shaded basal and sunlit distal leaves on shoots. Semideciduous and evergreen species have higher number of canopy ramification than the deciduous species by reason of greater shoot emission at every season. This high canopy ramification in semideciduous and evergreen species could be revealed from one network representation with basic components as nodes and links. We supposed that links could be the shoots and nodes the nodal region where the shoots are emitted from the parental shoots. This representation could reveal structural differences in canopies of deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen species. These differences could be uncovered by the number of ramification and by the number of nodes in each leaf phenological group. Therefore, the link/node ratio and the frequency of shoots per node could reveal structural aspects significantly different across leaf phenological groups in 15 tree species studied here growing in a cerrado stricto sensu physiognomy.
Influência do ciclo menstrual na atividade eletromiográfica e na cinemática do joelho durante a aterrissagem do salto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Cesar, Guilherme Manna
;
Serrão, Fábio Viadanna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9023799568207801
Efeitos do exercício resistido de membros superiores na força e na funcionalidade do paciente com DPOC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Ike, Daniela
;
Jamami, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0661715884992529
The aim of this study was assess the effect of the resistance exercise in upper limb on the strength and functionality in COPD patients moderate to very severe. Methods: Twelve patients with clinical diagnosis of COPD were distributed into 2 groups: control (GC) and trained (GT). During 6 weeks, with frequency of 3 times a week, the GT carried out strength training with load of 80% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and GC performed bronchial hygiene sessions and functional respiratory reeducation. Before and after the treatment were carried out the 1RM test and the Pegboard and Ring Test (PBRT) in both groups. Results: After treatment observed significant increase of the strength muscular only in GT (increase of 52% in the supine and 22% in the pulley), and in the PBRT there were not significant difference in the number of moved rings in both groups. Conclusion: The upper limb strength training during 6 weeks was be able to improve the upper limb muscle strength, but not the functionality of COPD, assessed by PBRT, in patients with COPD moderate to very severe.
Secagem de sementes de Arachis hipogae L. com capa protetora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Nascimento, Bruna de Souza
;
Sartori, Dermeval José Mazzini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9084263442212447
Arachis hipogae L. peanut is an orthodox seed that must go through a drying process to become free from aflatoxin. The fruit is formed by a system made up by a nucleus and a resistant involucre that constitutes a heterogeneous mixture. So as to contribute to the improvement of those seeds drying, the objective of this study is to analyze the drying of the compound system and its subsystems in relation to moisture transport and shrinkage, as well as the influence on physiological and physical characteristics. In order to do so, the fruit, the seeds with and without endocarp, as well as the pericarp were placed in a forced convection dryer. To approach the problem, the idea of fluid flow on submerged bodies was adopted. The experiments were conducted based on a 32 experimental planning with temperatures of 30, 40 e 50°C and velocities of 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 m/s. The intermittent method was used to measure the samples mass and to obtain the images. Analysis of the physical and physiological characteristics was performed from observations during the experiments. The results showed that the diffusive transport of moisture was predominant when the fruit and seed with and without the endocarp are concerned. The convective mechanism was also observed for the pericarp. As far as the physical barriers effect is concerned, it was verified that the pericarp and the endocarp cause resistance to mass transport. It was possible to verify the development of the seed s (with and without the endocarp) superficial concavity through image analyses with the aid of IMAGE PRO PLUS® software. However this deformation was not observed for the fruit or for the pericarp. The dimension reductions demonstrate the presence of the shrinkage phenomenon for the seed with and without the endocarp. The results regarding the physiological and physical characteristics showed dependency on operational conditions used when the seeds are processed outside the pericarp. Analysis concerning the process interaction with the product characteristics demonstrated that convective drying is a promising technique having a better relation between the process and quality for the product. Due to the results obtained, the discrimination of the equations that represent drying kinetics with focus on the improvement of seeds production was performed. The advancements obtained contribute to the drying studies of seeds that present protective cover under the perspective of seeds drying engineering.
Investigação do efeito de injeção de líquido por orifícios múltiplos na formação de gotas em um lavador Venturi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Guerra, Vádila Giovana
;
Coury, José Renato
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
Venturi scrubbers are widely used in industrial plants in the cleaning of gases. In these scrubbers, the cleaning elements are the droplets formed at the injection of a liquid in the gas containing pollutants. The droplets act as collectors, incorporating the element to be removed. The liquid is usually injected through several orifices that promote a distribution of the droplets in the gas duct. The number of experimental studies in the formation of droplets in the Venturi scrubber is scarce, especially those concerned with the variation of the droplet size with the number of orifices of liquid injection. Therefore, the present work focused on the experimental investigation of the effects of the liquid injection in multiple jets in the formation and distribution of droplets in a Venturi scrubber. A laboratory scale scrubber, with a throat of 27 by 40 mm of cross-sectional, horizontally placed, was investigated. The data on droplet size was obtained with the Malvern Spraytec analyser, that makes possible in situ measurements by the passing a laser beam through the throat of the scrubber. The droplet size was analyzed varying the number of orifices of injection of the liquid from 1 to 4, the liquid flow rate between 300 and 1200 mL/min and the gas velocity in the throat of 59, 64, 69 and 74 m/s (L/G between 0.07 and 0.3 L/m3). The axial positions for measurements along the scrubber were varied between 120 and 240 mm. The effect of the formation of liquid film in scrubber walls was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that the increase of the liquid flow rate allowed a better distribution of the liquid inside the throat and also caused a stronger interaction among the jets. The number of injection orifices showed significant influence in the measured droplet size inside the throat, with the increase of the drop size with the increase of the number of orifices in operation. The interaction between jets and their droplets showed to have influence in the final size of the measured drop, since these sizes were larger in jets with larger interactions. The increases in the liquid jet and in the gas velocities favored the atomization process, causing decrease in the droplet sizes. The fraction of liquid film deposited in the walls of the scrubber varied significantly with the number of orifices in operation and consequently with the different penetrations of the jets. In general, jets with excessive penetrations generated a larger film fraction deposited in the walls of the scrubber and a smaller size of droplets. Through the analysis of dimensionless parameters, it was possible to quantify the influence of each operational condition in the size of the droplets generated inside of the studied Venturi scrubber.
Habilidades sociais educativas na interação professor-aluno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-02-20)
Manolio, Carina Luiza
;
Del Prette, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8954629444758162
The interaction between students and teacher-student are considered a basic aspect of the education-learning process. The nature and the quality of this interaction will play a decisive role on this process s characteristics and on the products of the school. The present study intends to verify in a larger sample based on the System of Educative Social Skills, which classes and subclasses teachers have in the interactions with their students and demands observed; characterize possible patterns of behaviors teachers and check the influence of sociodemographic characteristics in issuing these standards and to analyze the frequency and the quality of teacher interaction and students with low academic performance and students with good academic performance. In this research, the sample was twenty teachers from Elementary School in interaction with its pupils. The pupils were selected by Protocol of teacher evaluation and formed a group with four learning difficult students and four good academic performance students. The correlational method was used to check the relations between variables. The study was conducted in classrooms of three basic education municipal schools of a town from São Paulo state. The instruments were: 1) Instrument of socioeconomic status evaluation ( Critério Brazil ); 2) a Protocol for teacher s characterization; 3) a Protocol of evaluation by the teacher and 4) Educative Social Skill s System (ESS). There was a pilot study to define aspects as adaptation time, demands to be made, the length of videotaping and the positioning of equipments in the classroom. Data collection was registered in thirds of 30 minutes each. The first part of time was adaptation and the other two were the videotaping of demands (Portuguese and Mathematic classes).The filming analysis was done through systematic observation and the frequencies was registered in a protocol based in ESCS. For reliability of observation data, three judges of prior knowledge of Social Skills were trained to analyze 20% of data collected. Descriptives and inferential analysis were used (Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test). The results indicated: (a) the existence of a stable pattern, because the participants showed little flexibility and variability of behavior; (b) the influence of variables such as age, degree and range in issuing behavior considered ESS, (d) was not statistically significant difference between groups of students, but it was observed that the teachers the most positive responses from students with good academic performance of students. These results led to a characterization of the teachers repertoire and showed the need for implementation of programs of intervention in social skills for these teachers.