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Educação Moral e Cívica na ditadura militar : um estudo de manuais didáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Almeida, Djair Lázaro de; Tagliavini, João Virgílio
The purpose of this essay is to investigate, through the analysis of didatic manuals, the meaning of the subjects Moral and Civic Education and Brazil s Social and Political Organization during Brazil s military dictatorship post 1964. This analysis was completed with school writing register studies. To understand the discussion which drove the educational policy during the military dictatorship, 20 didactic manuals and their references were analyzed. Used as a primary source, the material served to point out specific arguments attributed to military rule. These arguments were submitted in this work to the materialist conception of history. In an attempt to reveal the influence of the named manuals as supporting arguments in accordance with the military regime, an attempt to understand how the persuasive reasonings became joined to the ideological justifications from the institutional discourse. In this process, new disciplines (or subjects), reorganizing existing moral and civic values, were used as support for the national mystic returned to the security and development binomial. It was then shown the authoritarian position of the moral and civic education during the military regime further proving how students were instructed through the use of stereotypes and idealizations.
Influência de fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos na motivação de indivíduos adultos com seqüelas de lesões neurológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Oliveira, Sabrina Ferreira de; Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9014420022437077
Motivation is usually defined as an inner strength or will, followed by an action towards a goal. Its importance to rehabilitation is established by its positive relation with better and faster functional recovery. Individuals with pathologies or injuries in the Central Nervous System may present motivational disorders. Apathy is the most common and the least intense motivational disorder. The general purpose of this research is to investigate the factors which would distinguish motivated people with physical disability from those demotivated, by using apathy as a reference of demotivation. The study was conducted in two studies. The first one, dealing with the cultural adaptation of the Apathy Evaluation Scale, and the second using all the tools selected to identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors that would influence the participants´ motivation. 14 participants were selected for the first study and 51 for the second, together with their caretakers. The participants were 33 to 89 years old and presented stroke sequelae, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The caretakers responded to the Apathy Evaluation Scale and the patients completed the general characterization questionnaire, WHOQol-100 World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100) scale and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The data was analyzed through SPSS, with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and Student´s t-test (regressive and inferential). The analysis of the Brazilian version of the Apathy Evaluation Scale, obtained in the first study, revealed its suitability to be used in the sample of this investigation. The final results demonstrated that Apathy is significantly correlated with age, degenerative diseases, right hemisphere lesions, general comorbidity, lack of energy, lack of leisure opportunities, and also lack of capacity to undertake physical and cognitive daily activities, and low self-esteem. Differences in self-esteem, work capacity, quality of sleep, day-to-day energy, personal relationship, leisure and physical domains were detected between apathetic and non-apathetic participants. Self-esteem, presence of general comorbidity and work capacity were the main factors to predict apathy. Therefore, both, intrinsic and extrinsic features determine apathy in this kind of population. Drug intervention and familiar guidance may help the rehabilitation professionals increase motivation to functional rehabilitation, which may lead patients to physical, psychological and social benefits.
A fórmula de aproximação de Baouendi -Treves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Liboni Filho, Paulo Antonio; Hounie, Jorge Guillermo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7302904386484949; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2231598823550786
Let be a N-dimensional smooth manifold. Consider a locally integrable structure L of CT with fiber dimension 1 ≤ n < N and set m = N − n. We say that L is locally integrable if, for every p ∈ , there is a neiborhood Up and m smooth functions Zj : U −→ C, 1 ≤ j ≤ m such that 1. Zj is anihilated by every local section of L; 2. dZ1(p) ∧ . . . ∧ dZm(p) 6= 0. The main result in this text is the Baouendi-Treves Approximation Theorem, that states that every distribution solution u of the sections of L is locally the limit of a sequence of smooth solutions of the form Pk ◦ Z, where Z = (Z1, . . . ,Zm) and Pk is a m-variable polynomial.
Estudo das eletrodeposições de lítio e gálio sobre Au(111) e HOPG utilizando líquido iônico como eletrólito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Gasparotto, Luiz Henrique da Silva; Bocchi, Nerilso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2649423643904707
In the present work, the electrodepositions of lithium and gallium on Au(111) and HOPG (highly oriented phyrolytic graphite) were studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes and employing the following techniques: cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS), and in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy (in situ STM). Initially, it was found that the residual water drastically decreases the electrochemical window of the ILs 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [(BMIm)BF4] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [(BMIm)PF6]. Then, in situ STM measurements showed that the organic cation plays a fundamental role on the behaviour of Au(111) in the pure ILs 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium bis trifluoromethylsulfonil)imide [(BMP)Tf2N] and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonil)imide [(EMIm)Tf2N]. The cyclic voltammograms for gallium deposition on Au(111) suggested that the Au-Ga alloy formation precedes the bulk gallium deposition and in situ STM images revealed a thin gallium layer on Au(111) at the open circuit potential. The thickness of the gallium film potentiostically obtained was 40 nm, at least. Gallium nucleation on HOPG did not follow any of the applied nucleation mechanism (instantaneous or progressive) and, for short-time potential pulses, gallium spheres were formed predominantly along the HOPG step edges. The voltammogram for the lithium deposition on Au(111) revealed an UPD process, solid electrolyte interface formation, lithium bulk deposition and its oxidation. The SEM micrographs showed that the lithium electrodeposit is composed by polygonal crystals and the SIMS analysis confirmed that the deposit was metallic lithium. The lithium nucleation on Au(111) did not follow any of the applied nucleation mechanisms neither and the in situ STM images showed that the lithium UPD process occurs via layer-by-layer with the formation of three monolayers.
Determinismo, Indeterminismo e Behaviorismo Radical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Laurenti, Carolina; Cass, Mark Julian Richter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549114665097353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0100195996020169
One of the objectives of this essay is to argue that determinism and indeterminism remain central themes of the science of psychology especially the Analysis of Behavior and its philosophy, Radical Behaviorism. At first blush, our attention seems to be misplaced, for Skinner declares himself to be a determinist. However, closer examination suggests that Skinner's writings warrant an indeterminist reading of his philosophical and scientific commitments. Accordingly, a "tension" between the determinist and indeterminist theses, underlying Skinner's writings, calls for analysis. One way of shedding light on this "tension" is to turn to philosophy. However, philosophy offers numerous definitions, as well as different levels of analysis of determinism and indeterminism. Because of this, another objective emerged: the development of an analytic tool for examining determinism and indeterminism, not only in Skinner's behaviorism, but also in philosophy. A heuristic tool was devised, based on considerations suggested by philosophy of science, which consists in three levels of analysis of determinism and indeterminism to wit, conceptual, ontological and epistemological. By means of this, some confusions and logical difficulties, often present in discussions about determinism and indeterminism, were elucidated. Some questions which arise from the examination of Skinner's work can also be addressed: Is determinism a necessary condition of science, or can there be indeterminist sciences? Are determinism and causality synonyms? Or can there be non-deterministic causation or non-causal determinism? Is determinism a condition of prediction and control? Does indeterminism imply caprice or chaos? Is probability and index of ignorance of some of the causes of behavior, or is it a constitutive element of behavior per se? Based on philosophical analyses of determinism and indeterminism, texts which broach related concepts and theses, from every decade of Skinner's intellectual production, are considered. This historical approach enables us to identify possible tendencies, regarding determinism and indeterminism, in Skinner's work. Moreover, it allows us to offer a brief history of Radical Behaviorism, interpreting its past, reconstructing its present, and indicating its future possibilities.
Influência das inundações na distribuição de espécies arbóreas ao longo do Rio Massaguaçu (Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, Brasil), e potencial alelopático de Annona glabra L
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Matsumoto, Reginaldo Sadao; Lima, Maria Inês Salgueiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2171993314203162; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9384309905070395
The vegetation of blind estuary of the Massaguaçu River in Caraguatatuba, is subject to periodical flooding. This flooding regime may be an important factor over the local tree composition and distribution. The present research purpose was to determine the tree-shrub species distribution on the Massaguaçu river estuary, related to flooding regime. Upstream, from the river mouth, 5 flooded vegetation banks were established (A, B, C, D, e E). Eighty plots (5x5m) were sample drew in each field, in which, quantitative and qualitative tree shrub (PBH>10 cm) species were sampled. Annona glabra L basal perimeter and height measurements were collected. Central plot deep were measured, as well the estuary daily water level. The rainy season estuary open-close cycle are more frequent and have a higher average maximum level. Caraguatatuba total field have a 2.216 nat.ind.-1 Shannon diversity index and 30 species total richness. The most richer was the Myrtaceae family. A and C plots were more similar among themselves as well D and E plots. In despite of species adaptations to periodic flooding, higher richness was found in lower flooded ranges. The species distribution per average deep plots shows Annona glabra, Dalbergia ecastophyllum, Hibiscus pernambucensis and Garcinia gardneriana occupying deeper sites than other species. A. glabra biometric prameters indicate higher and more thin trees, when in association with other species, than living in mono specific groups. The water depth regime limits the species distribution and composition in Massaguaçu river estuary. The A. glabra distribution seems to be related to their flooding adaptations and to their colonization in less competitive spots.
Sistemas parabólicos : aplicações em fluidos com capilaridade trifásico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Toon, Eduard; Kondo, Cezar Issao; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0900348462714778; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171484988159554
We study degenerate parabolic systems arised in three-phase capillary flows in porous media under a pressure control at the inflow and outflow boundaries. We perform a mathematical study of such systems for a class of linear capillarity pressure functions. To this end, a theory of nondegenerate parabolic approximations is developed. It has been proved the unique solvability of the initial boundary problems.
Especificação do tamanho da defasagem de um modelo dinâmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Furlan, Camila Pedrozo Rodrigues; Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5846573017748863
Several techniques are proposed to determine the lag length of a dynamic regression model. However, none of them is completely satisfactory and a wrong choice could imply serious problems in the estimation of the parameters. This dissertation presents a review of the main criteria for models selection used in the classical methodology and presents a way for determining the lag length from the perspective Bayesian. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of the significance tests, R2 adjusted, final prediction error, Akaike information criterion, Schwarz information criterion, Hannan-Quinn criterion, corrected Akaike information criterion and fractional Bayesian approach. Two estimation methods are also compared, the ordinary least squares and the Almon approach.
Uma abordagem cognitiva do riso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06) Verrone, Alessandro Bender; Teixeira, João de Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1004548939803796
The research is an investigation about the phenomenon of the Laugh, from the studies of Henri Bergson and Sigmund Freud up to today's research on neuroscience, gelotology and several other studies on human behaviour. In order to better understand the Laugh, an accurate evaluation of the book " Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic", by Henri Bergson is made as an attempt to better understand the main considerations set by the author, in his interpretation of this phenomenon as a Social Gesture and all the implications originated by such fact. In the second chapter of this study, Jokes and their Relation to the Unconscious , by Sigmund Freud, are closely analyzed in details, comparing Freud s and Bergson s approaches and analyzing the mechanisms proposed by Freud concerning the way the Joke works, pointing out the reasons why they would be told to others. The reading and analysis of this book are directed specifically to the study of the Laugh, not approaching any other aspect, relevant to the reading of Freud s work as a whole, which however, would deviate the focus of this work. All the efforts were dedicated to the comprehension of the jokes mechanisms studied by Freud as well as ways to obtain pleasure through them. At the end updated research is verified, such as the one from Richard Wiseman s Laugh Laboratory, that accomplished a worldwide research selecting which would be considered the funniest jokes by people. Also as an object of study there is the role of the mirror-neurones, an important finding that allows a clearer vision about primates and human s social behaviors. The possibility of the laughter to be a behaviour similar to the grooming of the primates is also raised, since both would be related to the exchange of pleasure among individuals viewing the benefit of the group. Following this line, a study is presented defining the laughter as a specific characteristic of the male gender, who would use this feature as an approach aiming at attracting a mate. There isn't a conclusive result, there is not a final word about the laughter because it is clear that in many circumstances the term ranges similar phenomena, which are not exactly the same. In the same way that there is multiple laughter, there are multiple areas that study the distinct variations of the Laugh.