Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2009-03-06"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21014

Influência de fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos na motivação de indivíduos adultos com seqüelas de lesões neurológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Oliveira, Sabrina Ferreira de
;
Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9014420022437077
Motivation is usually defined as an inner strength or will, followed by an action towards a goal. Its importance to rehabilitation is established by its positive relation with better and faster functional recovery. Individuals with pathologies or injuries in the Central Nervous System may present motivational disorders. Apathy is the most common and the least intense motivational disorder. The general purpose of this research is to investigate the factors which would distinguish motivated people with physical disability from those demotivated, by using apathy as a reference of demotivation. The study was conducted in two studies. The first one, dealing with the cultural adaptation of the Apathy Evaluation Scale, and the second using all the tools selected to identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors that would influence the participants´ motivation. 14 participants were selected for the first study and 51 for the second, together with their caretakers. The participants were 33 to 89 years old and presented stroke sequelae, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The caretakers responded to the Apathy Evaluation Scale and the patients completed the general characterization questionnaire, WHOQol-100 World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100) scale and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The data was analyzed through SPSS, with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and Student´s t-test (regressive and inferential). The analysis of the Brazilian version of the Apathy Evaluation Scale, obtained in the first study, revealed its suitability to be used in the sample of this investigation. The final results demonstrated that Apathy is significantly correlated with age, degenerative diseases, right hemisphere lesions, general comorbidity, lack of energy, lack of leisure opportunities, and also lack of capacity to undertake physical and cognitive daily activities, and low self-esteem. Differences in self-esteem, work capacity, quality of sleep, day-to-day energy, personal relationship, leisure and physical domains were detected between apathetic and non-apathetic participants. Self-esteem, presence of general comorbidity and work capacity were the main factors to predict apathy. Therefore, both, intrinsic and extrinsic features determine apathy in this kind of population. Drug intervention and familiar guidance may help the rehabilitation professionals increase motivation to functional rehabilitation, which may lead patients to physical, psychological and social benefits.
A fórmula de aproximação de Baouendi -Treves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Liboni Filho, Paulo Antonio
;
Hounie, Jorge Guillermo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7302904386484949
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2231598823550786
Let be a N-dimensional smooth manifold. Consider a locally integrable structure L of CT with fiber dimension 1 ≤ n < N and set m = N − n. We say that L is locally integrable if, for every p ∈ , there is a neiborhood Up and m smooth functions Zj : U −→ C, 1 ≤ j ≤ m such that 1. Zj is anihilated by every local section of L; 2. dZ1(p) ∧ . . . ∧ dZm(p) 6= 0. The main result in this text is the Baouendi-Treves Approximation Theorem, that states that every distribution solution u of the sections of L is locally the limit of a sequence of smooth solutions of the form Pk ◦ Z, where Z = (Z1, . . . ,Zm) and Pk is a m-variable polynomial.
Especificação do tamanho da defasagem de um modelo dinâmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Furlan, Camila Pedrozo Rodrigues
;
Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5846573017748863
Several techniques are proposed to determine the lag length of a dynamic regression model. However, none of them is completely satisfactory and a wrong choice could imply serious problems in the estimation of the parameters. This dissertation presents a review of the main criteria for models selection used in the classical methodology and presents a way for determining the lag length from the perspective Bayesian. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of the significance tests, R2 adjusted, final prediction error, Akaike information criterion, Schwarz information criterion, Hannan-Quinn criterion, corrected Akaike information criterion and fractional Bayesian approach. Two estimation methods are also compared, the ordinary least squares and the Almon approach.
Determinismo, Indeterminismo e Behaviorismo Radical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Laurenti, Carolina
;
Cass, Mark Julian Richter
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549114665097353
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0100195996020169
One of the objectives of this essay is to argue that determinism and indeterminism remain central themes of the science of psychology especially the Analysis of Behavior and its philosophy, Radical Behaviorism. At first blush, our attention seems to be misplaced, for Skinner declares himself to be a determinist. However, closer examination suggests that Skinner's writings warrant an indeterminist reading of his philosophical and scientific commitments. Accordingly, a "tension" between the determinist and indeterminist theses, underlying Skinner's writings, calls for analysis. One way of shedding light on this "tension" is to turn to philosophy. However, philosophy offers numerous definitions, as well as different levels of analysis of determinism and indeterminism. Because of this, another objective emerged: the development of an analytic tool for examining determinism and indeterminism, not only in Skinner's behaviorism, but also in philosophy. A heuristic tool was devised, based on considerations suggested by philosophy of science, which consists in three levels of analysis of determinism and indeterminism to wit, conceptual, ontological and epistemological. By means of this, some confusions and logical difficulties, often present in discussions about determinism and indeterminism, were elucidated. Some questions which arise from the examination of Skinner's work can also be addressed: Is determinism a necessary condition of science, or can there be indeterminist sciences? Are determinism and causality synonyms? Or can there be non-deterministic causation or non-causal determinism? Is determinism a condition of prediction and control? Does indeterminism imply caprice or chaos? Is probability and index of ignorance of some of the causes of behavior, or is it a constitutive element of behavior per se? Based on philosophical analyses of determinism and indeterminism, texts which broach related concepts and theses, from every decade of Skinner's intellectual production, are considered. This historical approach enables us to identify possible tendencies, regarding determinism and indeterminism, in Skinner's work. Moreover, it allows us to offer a brief history of Radical Behaviorism, interpreting its past, reconstructing its present, and indicating its future possibilities.
Estudo das eletrodeposições de lítio e gálio sobre Au(111) e HOPG utilizando líquido iônico como eletrólito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Gasparotto, Luiz Henrique da Silva
;
Bocchi, Nerilso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2649423643904707
In the present work, the electrodepositions of lithium and gallium on Au(111) and HOPG (highly oriented phyrolytic graphite) were studied using ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes and employing the following techniques: cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS), and in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy (in situ STM). Initially, it was found that the residual water drastically decreases the electrochemical window of the ILs 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [(BMIm)BF4] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [(BMIm)PF6]. Then, in situ STM measurements showed that the organic cation plays a fundamental role on the behaviour of Au(111) in the pure ILs 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium bis trifluoromethylsulfonil)imide [(BMP)Tf2N] and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonil)imide [(EMIm)Tf2N]. The cyclic voltammograms for gallium deposition on Au(111) suggested that the Au-Ga alloy formation precedes the bulk gallium deposition and in situ STM images revealed a thin gallium layer on Au(111) at the open circuit potential. The thickness of the gallium film potentiostically obtained was 40 nm, at least. Gallium nucleation on HOPG did not follow any of the applied nucleation mechanism (instantaneous or progressive) and, for short-time potential pulses, gallium spheres were formed predominantly along the HOPG step edges. The voltammogram for the lithium deposition on Au(111) revealed an UPD process, solid electrolyte interface formation, lithium bulk deposition and its oxidation. The SEM micrographs showed that the lithium electrodeposit is composed by polygonal crystals and the SIMS analysis confirmed that the deposit was metallic lithium. The lithium nucleation on Au(111) did not follow any of the applied nucleation mechanisms neither and the in situ STM images showed that the lithium UPD process occurs via layer-by-layer with the formation of three monolayers.
Influência das inundações na distribuição de espécies arbóreas ao longo do Rio Massaguaçu (Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, Brasil), e potencial alelopático de Annona glabra L
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Matsumoto, Reginaldo Sadao
;
Lima, Maria Inês Salgueiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2171993314203162
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9384309905070395
The vegetation of blind estuary of the Massaguaçu River in Caraguatatuba, is subject to periodical flooding. This flooding regime may be an important factor over the local tree composition and distribution. The present research purpose was to determine the tree-shrub species distribution on the Massaguaçu river estuary, related to flooding regime. Upstream, from the river mouth, 5 flooded vegetation banks were established (A, B, C, D, e E). Eighty plots (5x5m) were sample drew in each field, in which, quantitative and qualitative tree shrub (PBH>10 cm) species were sampled. Annona glabra L basal perimeter and height measurements were collected. Central plot deep were measured, as well the estuary daily water level. The rainy season estuary open-close cycle are more frequent and have a higher average maximum level. Caraguatatuba total field have a 2.216 nat.ind.-1 Shannon diversity index and 30 species total richness. The most richer was the Myrtaceae family. A and C plots were more similar among themselves as well D and E plots. In despite of species adaptations to periodic flooding, higher richness was found in lower flooded ranges. The species distribution per average deep plots shows Annona glabra, Dalbergia ecastophyllum, Hibiscus pernambucensis and Garcinia gardneriana occupying deeper sites than other species. A. glabra biometric prameters indicate higher and more thin trees, when in association with other species, than living in mono specific groups. The water depth regime limits the species distribution and composition in Massaguaçu river estuary. The A. glabra distribution seems to be related to their flooding adaptations and to their colonization in less competitive spots.
Uma abordagem cognitiva do riso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Verrone, Alessandro Bender
;
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1004548939803796
The research is an investigation about the phenomenon of the Laugh, from the studies of Henri Bergson and Sigmund Freud up to today's research on neuroscience, gelotology and several other studies on human behaviour. In order to better understand the Laugh, an accurate evaluation of the book " Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic", by Henri Bergson is made as an attempt to better understand the main considerations set by the author, in his interpretation of this phenomenon as a Social Gesture and all the implications originated by such fact. In the second chapter of this study, Jokes and their Relation to the Unconscious , by Sigmund Freud, are closely analyzed in details, comparing Freud s and Bergson s approaches and analyzing the mechanisms proposed by Freud concerning the way the Joke works, pointing out the reasons why they would be told to others. The reading and analysis of this book are directed specifically to the study of the Laugh, not approaching any other aspect, relevant to the reading of Freud s work as a whole, which however, would deviate the focus of this work. All the efforts were dedicated to the comprehension of the jokes mechanisms studied by Freud as well as ways to obtain pleasure through them. At the end updated research is verified, such as the one from Richard Wiseman s Laugh Laboratory, that accomplished a worldwide research selecting which would be considered the funniest jokes by people. Also as an object of study there is the role of the mirror-neurones, an important finding that allows a clearer vision about primates and human s social behaviors. The possibility of the laughter to be a behaviour similar to the grooming of the primates is also raised, since both would be related to the exchange of pleasure among individuals viewing the benefit of the group. Following this line, a study is presented defining the laughter as a specific characteristic of the male gender, who would use this feature as an approach aiming at attracting a mate. There isn't a conclusive result, there is not a final word about the laughter because it is clear that in many circumstances the term ranges similar phenomena, which are not exactly the same. In the same way that there is multiple laughter, there are multiple areas that study the distinct variations of the Laugh.
Sistemas parabólicos : aplicações em fluidos com capilaridade trifásico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Toon, Eduard
;
Kondo, Cezar Issao
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0900348462714778
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171484988159554
We study degenerate parabolic systems arised in three-phase capillary flows in porous media under a pressure control at the inflow and outflow boundaries. We perform a mathematical study of such systems for a class of linear capillarity pressure functions. To this end, a theory of nondegenerate parabolic approximations is developed. It has been proved the unique solvability of the initial boundary problems.
Educação Moral e Cívica na ditadura militar : um estudo de manuais didáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-06)
Almeida, Djair Lázaro de
;
Tagliavini, João Virgílio
The purpose of this essay is to investigate, through the analysis of didatic manuals, the meaning of the subjects Moral and Civic Education and Brazil s Social and Political Organization during Brazil s military dictatorship post 1964. This analysis was completed with school writing register studies. To understand the discussion which drove the educational policy during the military dictatorship, 20 didactic manuals and their references were analyzed. Used as a primary source, the material served to point out specific arguments attributed to military rule. These arguments were submitted in this work to the materialist conception of history. In an attempt to reveal the influence of the named manuals as supporting arguments in accordance with the military regime, an attempt to understand how the persuasive reasonings became joined to the ideological justifications from the institutional discourse. In this process, new disciplines (or subjects), reorganizing existing moral and civic values, were used as support for the national mystic returned to the security and development binomial. It was then shown the authoritarian position of the moral and civic education during the military regime further proving how students were instructed through the use of stereotypes and idealizations.
Morfologia, conservação e ecofisiologia da germinação de sementes de Psidium cattleianum Sabine
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-09)
Silva, Antonio da
;
Perez, Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
Psidium cattleianum has great potential for animal and human food, for multiple uses of wood and for recovery of degraded areas. Due to its economic importance and to the lack of information on seed germination and conservation, this study aimed to find the morphology of fruits, seeds, seedlings and young plants and to establish the presence or absence of dormancy. Furthermore, studies have been conducted relating to the conservation of seeds, the germination responses under different temperatures, qualities of light and humidity levels of the substrates. All these studies focus to generate knowledge that can help to support conservation projects, management and restoration of altered and/or protected areas. By the results, it was found that seeds and fruits showed had little biometric variation and the greatest variation occured in number of seeds per fruit. The seeds showed tegumentary dormancy, the germination is hypogeal and the seedlings are cryptocotylar. Seeds immersed in water at room temperature in laboratory, proved germination pending quicker 20- 30oC in white light. The seed immersed in sulfuric acid during ten, 20 and 25 minutes, subjected to temperatures of 20-30oC under white light, showed higher germination rate. The placing of the seeds in waterproof packed and stored in natural environment in the laboratory or in a dry chamber, as well as the seeds packed in semi-permeable package and stored in cold chamber, were suitable for the preservation during 1,107 days and this fact, associated with little variation on the moisture content allowed to classify them as orthodoxe ones. The test of electrical conductivity with scarified seeds in the sulfuric acid during 25 minutes was not efficient to evaluate its physiological quality. The highest values of seed germination and speed rate were obtained at the temperature of 20-30oC under white light. Regardless of temperatures, the seeds showed drastic reduction in speed and germination in absence and presence of far red light. The seeds are positive preferential photoblastic. It is assumed that seeds germination is better under light natural conditions. The highest values of seed speed and germination were obtained, under white light regardless of seed age. The highest seed speed and germination were obtained at 20-30oC, under white light in 15 mL of water, as well as 50 grams of sand moistened with six, nine and 12 mL of water.
Eletrodissolução de alumínio em polpa celulósica proveniente da reciclagem de embalagens cartonadas multicamadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-09)
Neves, Fernando Luiz
;
Coury, José Renato
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7563266192997044
In this work we studied the aluminum electro-dissolution in cellulose pulp from milk and beverage cartons recycling. The objective for this research is to reduce the aluminum particles sizes to values below 300 μm. In the first stage, the process was studied in lab scale using an electrochemical reactor anode made of Titanium recovered with ruthenium oxide (DSA® Ti/Ti0.6Ru0.3O2- De Nora do Brasil) and cathode made of titanium without recovering. In this experiment in lab scale, the electro-dissolution of aluminum presented a first order kinetic reaching 88 to 92% of electrochemical efficiency after 500 minutes. From measurements of particles diameter by optical microscopy it was possible to calculate the total area occupied by the aluminum particles which was quantified by image efficiency. For the lab experiment the image efficiency reached values between 74 and 88%. This first study was conducted in three current density: 250, 320 and 700 A/m2 and during 60, 180, 480 and 960 minutes. After 60 minutes no particles above 300 μm was detected. In the second stage, a pilot electrochemical reactor was designed taking the lab reactor parameters and keeping the same material for anode and cathode. This system was evaluated for current densities of 22, 250 and 270 A/m2 during 120 and 420 minutes. The best result was observed with the application of 250 A/m2 during 420 minutes reaching electrochemical and image efficiency of 60 and 72% respectively. The mechanical resistance for the cellulose pulp was evaluated before and after the electrochemical treatment and it was noted that it affected the freeness in a positive way. Tear, tensile, burst, zero span tensile index and stretch, if compared to non-treated and refined pulp to the same freeness, presented effects positive or negative depending on the current density applied and the treatment time. However, all the measurements for mechanical properties after the electrochemical treatment are in the acceptable level for paper market. The energy consumption was evaluated for the lab and pilot experiment and optimized industrial conditions were simulated. Based on these simulations and on the experiments results, we can conclude that a plant that recycles 50 ton per day of milk and beverage cartons needs 655 kW of electric power to treat all the pulp extracted from these packages using the electrochemical process considering that paper represents 75% (w/w) of milk and beverage cartons composition.
Interação multualista entre morcegos nectarívoros(Chiroptera) e a pata-de-vaca Bauhinia Holophylla Steud. (Fabaceae) em uma área de cerrado: atração e recompensa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-09)
Estêvão, Julia Ramos
;
Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2869410150047234
(Attraction and reward of nectar-feeding bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) by the plant Bauhinia holophylla (Fabaceae) in a Brazilian savanna) In facultative mutualisms, species compete strongly with each other for partners. It is expected that sympatric plant species pollinated by the same guild of animals invest heavily in attracting partners. Thus, we investigated interactions between Bauhinia holophylla and bats to test whether: (1) this plant is visited mostly by bats and if it assures attraction of bats through typically chiropterophilic floral traits; and (2) bats adjust their foraging behavior to the temporal pattern of nectar production by flowers. We worked in a Cerrado area in southeastern Brazil, recording floral visitors and their foraging pattern. We determined nectar production and how its concentration varied throughout the night. Three species of bats were the main legitimate visitors. Bauhinia holophylla floral characteristics followed predictions of the chiropterophyly syndrome: brush format, white color, sweet odor, crepuscular anthesis, nocturnal nectar production and flowers exposed on branches. Bats visited flowers more often at dusk, there were differences in the main hours of overflight, reconnaissance flight and visitation. Solute concentration in nectar was always highest at the beginning of the night and fell gradually thereafter. Bats did not visit more flowers when nectar concentration was higher. We conclude that in this interaction dependence is asymmetric, following patters of other facultative mutualisms, because Bauhinia holophylla depends on bats for its pollination, but bats presumably do not depend on it for food.
Guildas de Tetraodontiformes (Teleostei, Acanthopterygii) em um complexo estuarino tropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-09)
Andrade, Amanda Carvalho de
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7833843926071032
The demersal ichthyofauna of Guanabara bay was sampled bimonthly, during two years, in ten stations distributed along a hydrobiological gradient. An otter trawl was employed, conducting 30 minute trawls, at a speed of 2 knots, summing up to 240 hours of fishing effort from July 2005 to June 2007. A total of 16,081 Tetraodontiformes specimens were collected, representing ten species divided among the families Ostraciidae, Monacanthidae, Tetraodontidae and Diodontidae. The otter trawl was considered an adequate technique to sample the group, although it may underestimate the abundances of species associated with hard bottoms (Acanthostracion sp.) and marginal areas (Sphoeroides spp.). Tetraodontiformes fishes appear to be well adapted to hydrological variations and to inhospitable conditions prompted by intense eutrophication. However, abiotic factors traditionally considered important in the structuring of estuarine communities play a secondary role in regulating the distribution of Tetraodontiformes. The type of sediment appears as the most important physical factor, but acts only as an indicator of ecological domain. The low explicability of physical-chemical variables, in addition to the relative stability of the bay s ichthyofauna, suggests the influence of biological parameters. The main biological factors related with the ichthyocenosis seasonal variations are food items availability, intra- and interspecific competition and the species reproductive cycles. Tetraodontiformes exhibited a wide variation of uses in Guanabara bay, utilizing it as a resting, feeding and growing area. However, it was not possible to establish a relation of dependence upon the estuary for any of the species, because the same population strata occur the in coastal regions of South-Southeastern Brazil. Among the ten species of Tetraodontiformes captured, eight were categorized as marine estuarine opportunists and two as marine stragglers. Chilomycterus spinosus population boom indicated an ecological misbalance and must be carefully investigated. Subsequent studies should adopt a population approach of these species and attempt to elucidate the relationships between estuarine and marine stocks.
Análise da secagem de pastas em leito de jorro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-09)
Almeida, André Ricardo Felkl de
;
Freire, José Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0168456777470325
The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was to analyse the fluidynamics and the heat and mass transfer of paste drying in a spouted bed under transient operation and to obtain detailed experimental data on the disturbed response of the system due to the presence of the liquid phase. This work also comprises the application of a CST model to predict temperature and moisture profiles in both the gas and solid phases. The paste-like matter employed in the experiments was distilled water, wastewater sludge, skim milk, homogenized whole egg and calcium carbonate. For each one of these pastes, experiments were done in two different spouted bed configurations (full and half column bed) operating with different feed rates, under inlet spout air flow rate at 15 and 30 % above the minimum spouting velocity and temperatures of 80 and 100 °C. In the full column spouted bed, measurements of inlet air flow rate variations, pressure drop, inlet air temperature, particle bed temperature at three axial positions in the annulus, outlet air temperature, dry and wet bulb temperatures at the cyclone exhaust and moisture content of powder and paste coat of inert particles were done. For the half column spouted bed, measurements of inlet air flow rate variations, pressure drop, inlet and outlet air temperature, dry and wet bulb temperatures at the cyclone exhaust, particles velocities in the annulus, spout and fountain, spout channel shape and dimensions and fountain high were done. The results obtained showed that the transient operation analysis was adequate and encouraging as a means to obtain further information on the drying process in spouted bed. Among the main results of this work is the important finding that the time required for the spouted bed to reach steady state may largely vary depending on the feed flow rate and spouting characteristics. The fluidynamics analysis showed that spouting characteristics may significantly change, indicating system instability, depending on the type of paste and the concentration and flow rate of the feed. As far as the CST model is concerned, it was seen that experimental data and predicted values were in good agreement, although the drying kinetic equation was highly dependent on paste concentration and density.
Entre o "instinto" e a "falta de hábito": a psiquiatrização da sexualidade em Bom-Crioulo (1895)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-10)
Lara Neto, Oswaldo Alves
;
Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035347864251828
A productive dialogue marked the interaction among novelists and scientists adepts from deterministic theories in the late 19th century. We start with the contextualization of this fundamental period to history of sexuality in modern societies to realize analytical reading of Adolfo Caminha s novel, Bom-Crioulo (1895). The projects that based discourses in this period answered to the question of homoerotism like social and medical matter. In this work, we discuss like this biopolitical reading in Brazilian society was elaborated in Caminha s novel and from the jurist Francisco Viveiros de Castro, defining it in accordance with Brazilian racism.
Investigação por espectroscopia Mössbauer das fases formadas e sua influência na resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável austenítico AISI 316L nitretado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-10)
Campos, Marcelo
;
Souza, Maristela Olzon Monteiro Dionysio de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9452239672967881
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0717563036484228
The plasma nitriding is a technique that improves mechanical and tribological properties of metallic materials as hardness and wear. It improves also the corrosion resistance, because the nitrated layer is formed by phases as the metastable phase (γN), iron nitrides (ε-Fe2-3N and γ -Fe4N) and chrome nitrides. In recent paper studying nitrided AISI 316L stainless steel, we proposed an empiric model to explain the observed results: The higher the ε/γ ratio, better the corrosion resistance is. In order to test this model systematically, we produced samples with ε/γ ratio different values. So, AISI 316L stainless steel samples were nitrided under dc glow discharge, 80 vol. % H2 and 20 vol. % N2 gas mixture, at different conditions of temperature (350º, 400º and 450º C) and time intervals (3, 4 and 5 h). The produced samples were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction and Mössbauer Spectroscopy, in order to identify the phases presents in the surface layers. The layer thickness was measured by SEM (Scanning Electric Microscope). Besides Hardness Vickers measurements, corrosion performance of the samples was investigated in 3% NaCl aerated electrolytic solution. The present results could not be explained by the first empiric model. Then we proposed a new model: The sample that presents the minimum value for (fórmula) will resist better to corrosion. Besides to explain the presents results, this new model is successful with the previous results. The best condition of treatment was temperature of 400º C, during 4 h, because it produces a sample that presented the best corrosion resistance and a good hardness value.
Fatores de risco ao envolvimento materno com filhos pré-escolares : associações com estresse e burnout
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Zanfelici, Tatiane Oliveira
;
Barham, Elizabeth Joan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0269442842332108
Healthy infant development greatly depends on the quality of interactions between the children and their primary caregivers. In its turn, based on Bronfrenbrenner´s bioecological model, parental involvement is affected by the responsibilities and relationships that parents must attend to in various spheres of their lives, which can contribute to the intensification or distancing of the parent-child relationship. As such, it is hypothesized that the parents jobs can have a positive or negative influence on their children s development, depending on the frequency with which job-related demands interfere with their family involvement, generating insatisfaction and stress. The effect of such problems should be even more intense when occupational stress is extreme and chronic, leading to burnout. In view of the importance of identifying factors that can affect the quality of parental involvement, the overall objective of this study was to examine the relationships that exist among stress, burnout and parental involvement among mothers whose children attend preschool. In total, 56 working mothers were interviewed, whose children (between three and five years old) attended a public daycare for at least half days. Using instruments previously tested in other studies, measures were made of the frequency of demands in the family and work spheres and of conflicts between these demands, of the adequacy of various practical resources (support provided by their husband and other relatives) and psychological resources (work satisfaction, perception of the adequacy of their family role performance) to help them deal with these demands, and of the results of the stress process on the well-being of the mothers (stress and burnout symptoms) and on their involvement with the target child. Mothers who reported spending a greater number of hours on domestic chores had higher stress and burnout scores and made lower evaluations of the frequency of their involvement with the target child. In addition, on days with a heavy workload, the respondents reported that they had less frequent positive parenting interactions with their child, such as playing and conversing. With respect to stress and burnout, the regression analyses indicated that mothers who said that work demands interfered with their family life had lower job satisfaction at the same time that the more the mothers could allow family tasks to reduce work performance (without losing their jobs), the greater their job satisfaction. The greater the mothers job satisfaction (fewer extra demands and more flexibility) the lower their stress. Reinforcing this, mothers whose job demands interfered more frequently with their family life had less positive perceptions of the adequacy of their parental role performance and presented symptoms of burnout with a higher frequency. These results provide information that contributes to a better understanding of a critical phase in the life of working women, while their children are young, pointing to a need for a widening of the social support network of workers with children in this age group, and for the review of policies and worker s rights, so as to reduce the stress and burden felt by working parents and to promote more positive parenting involvements in the lives of their children.
Suporte social: adaptação transcultural do Social Support Appraisals e desenvolvimento socioemocional de crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Squassoni, Carolina Elisabeth
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4767366263084369
The association between social support and positive results in health has been increasingly highlighted in the literature and social support has been seen as a protective factor to child development. However, most research involving social support and outcomes of health and development of children and adolescents has focused on the indirect influence of social support of parents in the development of children. The aim of this study was to identify possible correlations between the perceived social support for children and adolescents at situation of personal and social risk and their social and emotional development and as specific goals: a) the cross cultural adaptation of Brazil of the scale SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, and b) identify associations of some variables on the perception of social support of children and adolescents on the self-assessment the child with regard to their development and the parents evaluation of socioemocional development of their children. To achieve the proposed objectives were carried out two studies. The Study 1 involved a crosscultural adaptation of the Portuguese version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS and the Study 2 answered by the study of correlation. Were participants of Study 1, 218 children and adolescents and 10 graduated professionals. We performed the following analysis: Cronbach's Alpha, Factor Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results pointed to an index of internal consistency to the general scale of 0,74, the factor analysis confirmed the proposed structure with four factors (family, friends, teachers and others), by analysis of variance were found significant differences in the perception of social support of according to grade and gender and age and grade of participants. In the Study 2 participated 51 children and adolescents aged between 11 and 13 years and their parents. Children and adolescents were linked to non-governmental institutions that provide support services to children and adolescents in situations of personal and social risk. Instruments used to collect data were the Brazilian version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Questionnaire for Identification and Characterization of the Child and the Criterion of Economic Classification Brazil. Tests were carried out on the Pearson correlation analysis of the Pearson correlation, Analysis of variance and Analysis Group. The results indicated that the higher the perceived of total social support, less the symptoms of problems presented by children and adolescents, in addition to that there were other variables associated with results of mental health and level of social support of the participants, such as school repetition, the degree of parental education, among others.
A política educacional do primeiro governo petista de São Carlos (2001-2004)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Silva, Ana Paula Rodrigues da
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2733607444927358
This dissertation discusses the educational policy implemented by the first Workers Party s government in the municipality of São Carlos (SP), from 2001 to 2004. Our objective was to evaluate how much that policy contributed towards the democratization of education in the city, in order to help the construction of a public, free and high-quality school for everyone. First of all, we tried to situate our research object in the historical context of the democratization of education in Brazil, which has occurred, in a more effective way, since the military regime (1964-1985). We also considered the Workers Party s program for education and its experience during some emblematic municipal administrations. This documentary research was performed based on the following source materials: articles from a newspaper and official documents from the City Hall of São Carlos. The description of the educational policy implemented by the Workers Party s government in the city was carried out based on the five guide-lines for education formulated by the party on the municipal level: democratization of school access, democratization of educational management, improvement on teaching s quality, adult education and inclusive education. Actions were developed to the benefit of the democratization of access to early childhood education, such as enlargement and construction of schools and accords between the City Hall and philanthropic day care centers. About the democratic management of education, elections for school principals were done, Municipal Conferences of Education were set up, school councils were created and the Municipal Council of Education was revitalized. Escolas do Futuro buildings with a computer room and a library were built, continuous formation courses for teachers were offered and the discussion regarding the Municipal Teaching Statute s reformation was started. The adult education programs MOVA and Brasil Alfabetizado were introduced, and schools were prepared to receive students with special educational necessities. In spite of all the advancement achieved when compared to the previous situation, we concluded that the objectives of the Workers Party s first government in São Carlos towards education were only partially reached, and that more actions could have been done in order to make the democratization of education s process improve in the city.
Desempenho de meios filtrantes na remoção de partículas nanométricas de aerossóis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-12)
Feitosa, Natália dos Reis
;
Coury, José Renato
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8001225323703772
The interest of studies on the development of techniques for removal of particles in the nanosized scale was promoted by concern about air quality and human health, in addition to restrictions on the control of ultrafine particles, wich are more intransigent by environmental laws. Additionally, the increasing application of nanoparticles in various areas of science and technology has stimulated the development of studies on the subject. Amongst the several equipments capable to operate with efficiency on the particle removal, the fibrous filters are distinguished. Such filters are, in principle, capable to act in sub-micrometer scale, but there is little information about its performance in the nano-sized scale. In this work the performance of a polyester filter, of a HEPA cellulose filter, of a quartz microfiber filter and also of cylindrical filtering membrane, provided by Pam-Membranas Seletivas Ltda, were evaluated. The experimental system was able to simulate a contamination of nanometric particles in a stream of ultrapure air, with the aim of investigating the efficiency of filter media in the removal of nanoparticles. The test aerosol was constituted by NaCl polydisperse nanoparticles, ranging from 6.15 to 245.1 nm. The performance of the filter was evaluated through the analysis of the efficiency of removal of nanoparticles, for the counting of particles before and after to cross the filtering media, using the electric mobility technique. This procedure was performed using the TSI Scannig Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), model 3936, which provides the particles concentration, in size range. The results, in general, have showed that the filter media loses efficiency with the increasing filtration velocity and increasing particle size, in the ranged studied, indicating the typical behavior of difusional mechanism. The filtering membranes have showed better performance in the removal of particles unlike the others filters analysed there was no tendency to increase the penetration of particles with increasing the velocity of filtration or particle diameter.