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Fatores de risco ao envolvimento materno com filhos pré-escolares : associações com estresse e burnout
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Zanfelici, Tatiane Oliveira
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0269442842332108
Healthy infant development greatly depends on the quality of interactions between the children and their primary caregivers. In its turn, based on Bronfrenbrenner´s bioecological model, parental involvement is affected by the responsibilities and relationships that parents must attend to in various spheres of their lives, which can contribute to the intensification or distancing of the parent-child relationship. As such, it is hypothesized that the parents jobs can have a positive or negative influence on their children s development, depending on the frequency with which job-related demands interfere with their family involvement, generating insatisfaction and stress. The effect of such problems should be even more intense when occupational stress is extreme and chronic, leading to burnout. In view of the importance of identifying factors that can affect the quality of parental involvement, the overall objective of this study was to examine the relationships that exist among stress, burnout and parental involvement among mothers whose children attend preschool. In total, 56 working mothers were interviewed, whose children (between three and five years old) attended a public daycare for at least half days. Using instruments previously tested in other studies, measures were made of the frequency of demands in the family and work spheres and of conflicts between these demands, of the adequacy of various practical resources (support provided by their husband and other relatives) and psychological resources (work satisfaction, perception of the adequacy of their family role performance) to help them deal with these demands, and of the results of the stress process on the well-being of the mothers (stress and burnout symptoms) and on their involvement with the target child. Mothers who reported spending a greater number of hours on domestic chores had higher stress and burnout scores and made lower evaluations of the frequency of their involvement with the target child. In addition, on days with a heavy workload, the respondents reported that they had less frequent positive parenting interactions with their child, such as playing and conversing. With respect to stress and burnout, the regression analyses indicated that mothers who said that work demands interfered with their family life had lower job satisfaction at the same time that the more the mothers could allow family tasks to reduce work performance (without losing their jobs), the greater their job satisfaction. The greater the mothers job satisfaction (fewer extra demands and more flexibility) the lower their stress. Reinforcing this, mothers whose job demands interfered more frequently with their family life had less positive perceptions of the adequacy of their parental role performance and presented symptoms of burnout with a higher frequency. These results provide information that contributes to a better understanding of a critical phase in the life of working women, while their children are young, pointing to a need for a widening of the social support network of workers with children in this age group, and for the review of policies and worker s rights, so as to reduce the stress and burden felt by working parents and to promote more positive parenting involvements in the lives of their children.
Suporte social: adaptação transcultural do Social Support Appraisals e desenvolvimento socioemocional de crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Squassoni, Carolina Elisabeth
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4767366263084369
The association between social support and positive results in health has been increasingly highlighted in the literature and social support has been seen as a protective factor to child development. However, most research involving social support and outcomes of health and development of children and adolescents has focused on the indirect influence of social support of parents in the development of children. The aim of this study was to identify possible correlations between the perceived social support for children and adolescents at situation of personal and social risk and their social and emotional development and as specific goals: a) the cross cultural adaptation of Brazil of the scale SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, and b) identify associations of some variables on the perception of social support of children and adolescents on the self-assessment the child with regard to their development and the parents evaluation of socioemocional development of their children. To achieve the proposed objectives were carried out two studies. The Study 1 involved a crosscultural adaptation of the Portuguese version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS and the Study 2 answered by the study of correlation. Were participants of Study 1, 218 children and adolescents and 10 graduated professionals. We performed the following analysis: Cronbach's Alpha, Factor Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results pointed to an index of internal consistency to the general scale of 0,74, the factor analysis confirmed the proposed structure with four factors (family, friends, teachers and others), by analysis of variance were found significant differences in the perception of social support of according to grade and gender and age and grade of participants. In the Study 2 participated 51 children and adolescents aged between 11 and 13 years and their parents. Children and adolescents were linked to non-governmental institutions that provide support services to children and adolescents in situations of personal and social risk. Instruments used to collect data were the Brazilian version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Questionnaire for Identification and Characterization of the Child and the Criterion of Economic Classification Brazil. Tests were carried out on the Pearson correlation analysis of the Pearson correlation, Analysis of variance and Analysis Group. The results indicated that the higher the perceived of total social support, less the symptoms of problems presented by children and adolescents, in addition to that there were other variables associated with results of mental health and level of social support of the participants, such as school repetition, the degree of parental education, among others.
A política educacional do primeiro governo petista de São Carlos (2001-2004)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-11)
Silva, Ana Paula Rodrigues da
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Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2733607444927358
This dissertation discusses the educational policy implemented by the first Workers Party s government in the municipality of São Carlos (SP), from 2001 to 2004. Our objective was to evaluate how much that policy contributed towards the democratization of education in the city, in order to help the construction of a public, free and high-quality school for everyone. First of all, we tried to situate our research object in the historical context of the democratization of education in Brazil, which has occurred, in a more effective way, since the military regime (1964-1985). We also considered the Workers Party s program for education and its experience during some emblematic municipal administrations. This documentary research was performed based on the following source materials: articles from a newspaper and official documents from the City Hall of São Carlos. The description of the educational policy implemented by the Workers Party s government in the city was carried out based on the five guide-lines for education formulated by the party on the municipal level: democratization of school access, democratization of educational management, improvement on teaching s quality, adult education and inclusive education. Actions were developed to the benefit of the democratization of access to early childhood education, such as enlargement and construction of schools and accords between the City Hall and philanthropic day care centers. About the democratic management of education, elections for school principals were done, Municipal Conferences of Education were set up, school councils were created and the Municipal Council of Education was revitalized. Escolas do Futuro buildings with a computer room and a library were built, continuous formation courses for teachers were offered and the discussion regarding the Municipal Teaching Statute s reformation was started. The adult education programs MOVA and Brasil Alfabetizado were introduced, and schools were prepared to receive students with special educational necessities. In spite of all the advancement achieved when compared to the previous situation, we concluded that the objectives of the Workers Party s first government in São Carlos towards education were only partially reached, and that more actions could have been done in order to make the democratization of education s process improve in the city.
Desempenho de meios filtrantes na remoção de partículas nanométricas de aerossóis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-12)
Feitosa, Natália dos Reis
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Coury, José Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8001225323703772
The interest of studies on the development of techniques for removal of particles in the nanosized scale was promoted by concern about air quality and human health, in addition to restrictions on the control of ultrafine particles, wich are more intransigent by environmental laws. Additionally, the increasing application of nanoparticles in various areas of science and technology has stimulated the development of studies on the subject. Amongst the several equipments capable to operate with efficiency on the particle removal, the fibrous filters are distinguished. Such filters are, in principle, capable to act in sub-micrometer scale, but there is little information about its performance in the nano-sized scale. In this work the performance of a polyester filter, of a HEPA cellulose filter, of a quartz microfiber filter and also of cylindrical filtering membrane, provided by Pam-Membranas Seletivas Ltda, were evaluated. The experimental system was able to simulate a contamination of nanometric particles in a stream of ultrapure air, with the aim of investigating the efficiency of filter media in the removal of nanoparticles. The test aerosol was constituted by NaCl polydisperse nanoparticles, ranging from 6.15 to 245.1 nm. The performance of the filter was evaluated through the analysis of the efficiency of removal of nanoparticles, for the counting of particles before and after to cross the filtering media, using the electric mobility technique. This procedure was performed using the TSI Scannig Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), model 3936, which provides the particles concentration, in size range. The results, in general, have showed that the filter media loses efficiency with the increasing filtration velocity and increasing particle size, in the ranged studied, indicating the typical behavior of difusional mechanism. The filtering membranes have showed better performance in the removal of particles unlike the others filters analysed there was no tendency to increase the penetration of particles with increasing the velocity of filtration or particle diameter.
Fluidodinâmica de leitos fluidizados e vibrofluidizados operando com partículas planas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-12)
Lima, Renata de Aquino Brito
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Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5050641829811424
The use of fluidized beds as a unit operation for drying of particulate materials is common in industrial processes. However, most works published in the literature, focus the drying of uniform particles, in a narrow range of size distribution. The appealing characteristics of fluidization for drying led some authors to suggest its use for drying of particles of low sphericity (_ < 0.5), which are out of the range of usually fluidized particles. Aiming to contribute for the assessment of fluid dynamic behavior of this class of particles, in the present work was investigated the fluidization of flat particles, with _ varying from 0.063 up to 0.574, bulk density (b) from 0.038 to 0.923 g.cm-3 and ratios Ap/Vp (superficial area to volume) between 12 and 226 cm-1. The essays were carried out in a fluidized bed with a height of 0.30 m, and cross section of 0.20 m x 0.11 m, which could be also operated as a vibro-fluidized bed. The tests aimed to investigate the effects of size, shape and specific mass of particles in fluidization and fluid-dynamic behavior of such particles. Vibro-fluidization was tested as an alternative to improve fluidization patterns. Fluid dynamic characteristic curves of P as a function of air velocity were also obtained for the fixed beds in order to evaluate the resistive parameters of these beds as a way to quantify their resistance to the air flow. Tests were conducted using 14 different particulate materials, 9 of them being natural particles (leafs, seeds and cereals) and 5 being manufactured particles. The use of manufactured particles allowed to minimize size distribution and shape variations that are inherent to the natural products, avoiding interfering effects that might complicate an initial analysis. The fluid dynamic behavior was investigated through experimental curves of _P versus U and visual observation of the beds. The results showed that only the particles with sphericity around 0.5 and low ratios Ap/Vp presented homogeneous fluidization patterns, similar to the observed in fluidization of conventional particles. In fluidization of particles with _ 0.228 were observed poor fluidization patterns and highly non-homogeneous beds. The values of bulk porosity of static beds were higher than 80% for the beds constituted by leaves, and stayed between 30 and 70% for the remaining particles. The values of _b and _mf tended to decrease as the values of Ar increased, while Pmf tended to increase and Umf showed no clear dependence of Ar. The use of vibration did not reduce significantly the values of Umf and did not improve much the quality of fluidization as well, excepting for the particles of higher sphericity (around 0.5). But for some conditions obtained as fluidizing rigid particles, with large superficial areas, the vibration did provoke the alignment of particles into the beds, leading to a packing in which the contact area between particle and fluid is optimized, which might be interesting as drying applications are concerned.
A representação literária da educação brasileira na transição do século XIX para o século XX : a perspectiva de José Lins do Rêgo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-12)
Carlos, Erika Michela
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6727773492434012
This study is about the literary works by José Lins do Rêgo. Its objective is to apprehend the Brazilian society at the transition moment between the 19th and 20th centuries. As a consequence, it also reveals the author s view regarding education in Brasil, which the author had access to. The Literature was approached as an auxiliary source to the History of Education, with the intention of interpreting and explaining the multiple and complex expressions that resulted from the dialectic interactions and educational actions and Brazilian society. Therefore the literary works by José Lins do Rêgo are part of the primary sources, more specifically those that belong to the Sugar Cane Cycle - Ciclo da Canade- Açúcar: Menino de engenho, Doidinho, Banguê, O moleque Ricardo, Usina and Fogo morto. Due to the fact that theses literary works present particular potential for the study of the history of Brazilian education the choice is justified. Some extracts were selected, which portray the thematic Brazilian education in the transition between centuries. These extracts were analyzed considering as reference educational historiographical works. Such analysis was based on a Marxist view where the social environment and textual structure influence each other in constructing the works in a dialectic movement which understand art and society. It was possible to conclude through research that a negative view of education can be perceived: elitist education, reserved only for the sons of the elite, which excluded the poor boys and girls. The ladies from the elite were educated to guarantee social attributes, which prepared them to take on a social function, that is, to be wives and mothers. Therefore, José Lins do Rêgo presents a posthumous perspective of the Brazilian education within the context studied, which seems to be influenced by demands of changes in the school. This period is marked by other aspects, such as the emergence of the Manifest - Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Escola Nova.
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-12)
Cerri, Marcel Otávio
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7999741482353508
Internal-loop airlift reactors (ALR) are a special class of pneumatic reactors. The use of this type of reactor has been attractive for chemical and biological reactions because of their simple construction without moving parts and low energy costs when compared with stirred tank reactors. In the present work, a study related to hydrodynamic and oxygen transfer in three geometrically similar scales of internal tube airlift bioreactors (2, 5, and 10 L) was conducted. The aim was to obtain useful information for further studies related to the scale-up of such reactor configuration. The gas hold-up, circulation time, mixing time, volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, average shear rate, and mean bubble diameter of the air bubbles were evaluated in order to achieve a better comprehension of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer in airlift bioreactors. Values of gas hold-up and oxygen transfer were obtained for the three scales of ALR utilizing eight Newtonian and five non-Newtonian fluids. The superficial gas velocity and liquid viscosity had opposite effects with same order of magnitude. General correlations based on the dimensional analysis were proposed to relate global gas hold-up (ε) and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) to the geometrical parameters of the system, physical properties of the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, and superficial gas velocity. The correlations presented excellent fittings to the experimental data obtained for the three scales of ALR. The influence of the reactor internal diameter on the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was considered positive showing that in largerscale reactors an appropriate oxygen transfer can be reached under smaller aeration conditions. New methodologies to estimate the mean bubble size (dB) and average shear rate ( m γ& ) in the three scales of ALR were proposed. The semi-theoretical method to estimate dB was based on Higbie´s penetration theory using experimental data of ε and kLa. The methodology for evaluating the m γ& in ALRs was developed for non-Newtonian systems. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was chosen as the appropriate characteristic parameter. The results of dB and m γ& obtained by the proposed methods are in agreement with the experimental values found in the literature. The effect of shear rate on clavulanic acid (CA) production by Streptomyces clavuligerus was examined both in a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) of 4 L and in an ALR of 6 L working volume, respectively, based on experimental data of the literature. Results showed that CA production was positively affected by shear conditions. In addition, the ALR presented values of m γ& higher than those found in a STR operated under the same oxygen transfer conditions.
A tecnologia assistiva como recurso à inclusão escolar de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Alves, Ana Cristina de Jesus
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2297232372201541
The child s school life with major motor involvement at ordinary school has been discussed together with the possible strategies that can collaborate to the participation and learning of this student. One of the indicated strategies has been the use of assistive technology resources to benefit the performance of the pedagogical tasks and, consequently, help the child s apprenticeship. The literature of this field points the necessity of characterization through scientific studies the assistive technology contributions in the writing and communication tasks inside the classroom. The objective of this study was to identify the effects in assistive technology use in the context of the cerebral palsy student from his perception, his teachers and his tutor. The participants were five students with cerebral palsy, motor levels IV and V according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy - GMFCS, from ordinary fundamental school for cerebral palsy, users of assistive technology resource in communication and writing school tasks. The teacher and the main tutor of each student were also participants. The instruments used to collect data were the GMFCS, used to classify the motor level of the participants and semi structured interviews realized with the students, teachers and tutors. The data were analyzed starting with the technique of Discourse of the Collective Subject. The study revealed that the children, teachers and tutors who participated recognized the assistive technology resources as an auxiliary resource in production, participation and, consequently benefit the process of these students school life. Notwithstanding, the participants pointed some restrictions brought by the resource and its own context that the use of school inclusion is being realized.
Purificação e caracterização bioquímica de substâncias bioativas produzidas por endofítico isolado de Prunus spp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Serrano, Nadja Fernanda Gonzaga
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3313420666550077
Bioprospective studies of endophytic microorganisms for biotechnological applications are essentials to discovery new substances, which can be used in different areas. Endophytes represent an excellent source of bioactive natural products with chemical structure and biological activities diverses. An endophytic microorganism, isolated from leaves of Prunus spp. (Cerrado of Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil), showed antagonic potential against important pathogen in Public Health. The endophytic microorganism was phenotipic and genetic identified like a Paenibacillus polymyxa and it was given the strain designation RNC-D. The fresh brut extract showed maximum antimicrobial potency of 800 AU.mL-1 against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (48 hours of culture) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (120 hours of culture). The bioactive substances contained on extract kept bioactivity after enzymatic assay with proteases and lipase, pH variation from 2.0 to 9.0, thermic treatment using low (-80, - 20 ºC) and high temperatures (100, 121 ºC) against both microorganisms tested. The molecular weight of bioactive substances against E. coli was estimated by ultrafiltration as smaller than 1 kDa, while the bioactive compounds against S. aureus have the molecular weight between 1 and 2 kDa. It was possible to separate the bioactive substances contained in the extract produced by P. polymyxa RNC-D using chromatographic technique (HPLC). Three new molecules, with molecular weight 403, 420 and 425 Da were identified in bioactive peak (eluted in 22% of solution 20 mM TRIS + 1 M NaCl) against E. coli using LC-MS. This research will be continued to determinate the antimicrobial spectrum of the purified molecules, as well as to evaluate the potential application areas.
Ação da laserterapia de baixa intensidade (830nm) na regeneração muscular de ratos idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Rodrigues, Natalia Camargo
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8670098348397578
The elderly still go through physical changes, especially musculoskeletal disorders such as sarcopenia, changes in central and peripheral nervous system, blood hypoperfusion, regenerative changes contributing to atrophy and muscle weakness, undermining the activities of daily living (AVL). The regenerative process happens about the determination, proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells through activation of muscle-specific genetic program, which is regulated by specific transcription factors, known as myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). But in the elderly because of changes in skeletal muscle-activation of MRFs are inefficient, hindering the process of regeneration. However, recent findings showed very promising results of low laser therapy (LLT) in muscle regeneration, but the effects of this therapy when associated with aging are still unknown. This project aims to evaluate the effects of (LLT), λ = 830nm, the tibial muscle of aged rats after cryolesioning. We used 56 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7) of young rats from 3 months to 4 groups (n = 7) of aged rats, 10 months, divided into control groups (C), groups in which the right Tibialis anterior muscle (TA) was only irradiated (I), groups in which the AT was submitted to cryolesioning (CL) and groups where the TA muscle cryolesioning and was subjected to irradiation (LI). Treatment with the laser model of the DMC, Class 3B, energy of 0.87 J, was performed every 24 h for five consecutive days, with the first application 24 hours after induction of injury. On the sixth day after injury, with the animals anesthetized and the TA muscle was carefully dissected and removed, and then the animals were euthanaziated. We carried out histological analysis of the area of the lesion with toluidine blue, and counting of blood capillaries with hematoxylin-eosin. Through analysis by RT-PCR, it was possible to analyze the expression of MyoD and VEGF genes. The results showed that there was significant increase (p <0.05) of the expression of MyoD gene, VEGF gene and capillary blood count of more prominent in elderly victims and irradiated groups than in the young. Probably the LLT increased the maturation of satellite cells into myoblasts and miotubos, enhancing the regenerative process of aged rats irradiated.
Ensino de discriminações condicionais e avaliação de desempenhos emergentes em autistas com reduzido repertório verbal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Varella, André Augusto Borges
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8928084949164132
The autism disorder is characterized by a developmental disability witch implies in severe impacts in many areas of development. One of the basic features of the autism is the impairments on language development. Considering that language is symbolic behavior and that stimulus equivalence paradigm allows a specification of symbolic behavior, the present study uses stimulus equivalence paradigm to study equivalence class formation in minimally verbal individuals with autism. In the Study 1, the generalized identity matching was investigated in five individuals with autism. The participants had the verbal and discriminative repertoires assessed by the ABLLS, PPVT-R and ABLA tests. Identity matching tasks were conducted on computer with varied sets of stimuli. Four participants (P2, P3, P4 and P5) mastered the criterion for a variety of sets and demonstrate generalized identity watching. In the Study 2, the four participants whom demonstrate generalized identity matching were taught the visualvisual arbitrary conditional relations AB and CB. All the visual stimuli were abstract forms. Two individuals (P4 and P5) did not achieve the criterion established for the AB relation, despite extensive training. P2 and P3 achieved the baseline relations and equivalence class formation was assessed, showing positive results for both participants. The results obtained show how programmed teaching promotes the acquirement of conditional discriminations and the demonstration of symbolic behavior by autistic individuals with minimal verbal repertoires.
Subsídios para elaboração e utilização de material didático de língua estrangeira para a terceira idade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Scopinho, Raquel Albano
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Silva, Ademar da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9028512631572133
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8317696376557854
Through the investigation of the English teaching/learning process in two third age universities and through the presentation of the profile of these age group learners, we aim to provide contributions for further developing materials for foreign language teaching which are focused on the referred age group. Bearing in mind that this issue demands knowledge not only of the teaching/learning process, but also the aspects related to the alterations which occur during the ageing process, the theoretical support of this research relies on the Applied Linguistics and Gerontology knowledge. The analyzed data show some aspects to be considered during the development and use of such classroom materials. These aspects are: the loss of visual and hearing acuity, the memory ability of these learners and beliefs related to this subject, the question of the elderly language, the presence of yesterday in their speech, among other factors which are related to ageing process. Besides these aspects, we stress the benefits of a social and cognitively motivating environment for the development and maintenance of the elderly physical and mental abilities. Another fact to be considered is the necessity of overcoming possible stereotyped or prejudiced ideas, or even images of the elderly and the old age which are currently used in society, mainly when it refers to the process of knowledge acquisition and to the foreign language teaching/learning process. This research results in proposals to the use and development of didactic materials for foreign language to the third age students.
Elementos para avaliação da maturidade de sistemas de medição de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-13)
Araujo Junior, Ivan Cavalcante
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3900699694798960
A performance measurement system is an essential element of management system of any organization to support the achievement of its objectives. Major changes in financial markets, customers' demands, and the social environment, it is vital to the organizations to implement an effective performance measurement system capable to keep update to such changes. The response to these changes lead to implementation of new management practices which changes the performance measurement system to other maturity levels in terms of performance measures, infra-structure (gathering, storing, sorting, analyzing, interpreting and disseminating data), usage, and people. Hence, this dissertation aimed to investigate empirically what are the dimensions of performance measurement system maturity in organizations which implemented the State of São Paulo Quality Award. Two case study were carried out in companies which are winners of such quality award. The main empirical findings point out to the following dimensions of performance measurement system maturity: planning, performance measures, infra-structure, people, usage, and information technology. Those dimensions of performance measurement system have changed in the two studied companies after the implementation of excellence model of the State of São Paulo Quality Award with the introduction of new management practices.
Preparação e caracterização de blendas de PANI/ABS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-16)
Cristovan, Fernando Henrique
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5410652307562354
Polyaniline (PANI) chemical synthesis was monitored in situ by means of electrochemical impedance, open circuit potential (Voc) and mass variation. We verify that the final properties of the polymer could be practically defined after inflection point in the potential profile. The impedance data were decisive to understand this behavior, showing only a small change after inflection point. Impedance results and mass variations during the synthesis contributed to understand the induction mechanisms that occur in the initial stages of the polymerization process. Also, it was performed an investigation on the influence of different variables (temperature, monomer:oxidant molar ratio, oxidant, pH value, use of inert salts at high concentrations) in the PANI chemical synthesis process as well as in its physicochemical properties. In this work, it was estimated the characteristic points of PANI through the Voc measurements during the chemical synthesis, based on an experimental design methodology. This methodology allowed an efficient mapping of PANI synthesis process as well as its interactions with each variable previously described. The results indicated that the oxidant employed in the synthesis influences in the final chemical and physical properties of this polymer. The studies performed on the final properties of PANI were the degree of oxidation and electric resistivity. Moreover, the yield the degree of polymerization was also evaluated. The experimental design methodology was also used in order to understand the influence of the preparation conditions on the final properties of the blends in poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) and polyaniline obtained by the co-dissolving components in a common organic solvent. The variables evaluated were the PANI content in the blend, m-cresol:chloroform rate (solvent ratio), dopant (DBSA or CSA) and acrylonitrile content in the ABS. The results showed that these variables are able to change significantly the flexibility and electric conductivity of the blends. On the other hand, the dopant used mainly influences in the conductivity, suggesting that the DBSA is the better for the development of PANI/ABS blends more conductive. After better prepare conditions of the blends, the percolation threshold was established at around 3 wt% of PANI, forming a flexible blend with conductivity of approximately 3 S.cm-1. The optical properties of the blend films were characterized by UV Vis-NIR. The conduction mechanisms of the blends were investigated using a dc electric conductivity in the range from 80 to 320 K. Using the Mott s theory, it was found that the conductivity in the blends is a threedimensional variable range hopping mechanism. The Mott s temperature values, density of states at the Fermi energy, average hopping distance and barrier height for the blends were calculated and discussed in this work. Also, two possible technological applications were proposed to the PANI/ABS system, including: composite varistors and antistatic or electromagnetic protection of electronic devices. The varistors were prepared with 30% of PANI, which showed a low rupture voltage at around 10 V and a non linearity coefficient of approximately 9,2. On the paint shape and when deposited on cardboard, this material can be employed as protector system of electronic devices. Another important characteristic is the conductivity of this material, which is controlled by the number of paint layers deposited on the cardboard.
Logística reversa de pós-venda para alimentos derivados de carne e leite : análise dos retornos de distribuição
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-16)
Chaves, Gisele de Lorena Diniz
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Alcântara, Rosane Lúcia Chicarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0319559373628489
Reverse logistics has conquered more importance and space in the companies logistics operation, mainly for its economic potential, but also for the change in the customers consumption culture and for the increase of the importance of environmental preservation. However, the lack of studies in this direction makes it difficult to visualize the advantages of the reverse logistics application. In such a way, the objective of this study is to understand the reverse flow configuration, as well as its critical points, the inherent performance measures to the process and the strategic use of after-sale reverse logistics to the reverse flows management in meat and dairy food distribution channels. Qualitative studies have been developed, in France and Brazil, with the multiple-cases study methodology. In France, two dairy manufacturers and a food retailer have been interviewed and, in Brazil, four meat and dairy manufacturers and three food retailers have been interviewed. In the thesis, the results have been presented and analyzed for each country, and they also have been compared with literature. From the results analysis, it was possible to identify that after-sale reverse logistics has a strategic use for the industrial companies. The main processes of reverse logistics used by the studied companies are the resale in original market, the resale in other markets, the landfill and the loads consolidation for manufacturer collection. The gatekeeping (mainly for the retail) and the existence of collaborative relations between the companies have been considered the most critical factors to reverse logistics management. However, the brazilian companies have affirmed that the retailers uses the coercive power, mainly, to impose to the industry a way to manage the reverse flows. Moreover, the performance measures used by the manufacturers and retail companies in the meat and dairy food distribution channel have been shown. The most used performance measures are: total reverse logistics cost, cost of returned merchandises, cost of deteriorated products, cost of pallet and packing returns, perfect order fulfillment, return percentage and return reason. With this analysis, it was possible to provide recommendations and reference parameters for reverse logistics of perishable food as the derivatives of meats and milk.
Cuidador de idosos com doença de Alzheimer: efeitos de grupos psico-educacionais e suporte domiciliar individualizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-16)
Faleiros, Danilo Augusto de Melo
;
Barham, Elizabeth Joan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3495858672379185
Dementia involves the loss of cognitive functions, interfering with the execution of even the most basic tasks of everyday life. Family eldercare providers are central figures in guaranteeing the wellbeing of their elderly relatives who develop dementia. However, when such a person becomes dependent on other family members, in addition to an increase in the caregiver s domestic chores, the behavior problems that arise can have a negative impact when caregivers are not well prepared for this situation, making the caregivers more susceptible to depression and contributing to the deterioration of their own physical and psychological wellbeing, making the caregiving context even more difficult. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of psycho-educational support groups (PEG) for people caring for a relative with Alzheimer s disease (AD), associated with individual, home visits that were either training-oriented (Experimental Group EG) or listening-oriented (Control Group CG) in nature, with respect to the participants perceptions of burden, depressive symptoms and quality of life. The nine participants were randomly assigned to either the EG and CG. The EG participants received encouragement and assistance in operationalizing the concepts learned in the PEG, which addressed strategies for managing stress and depression and provided training in some of the social skills that are useful in establishing new routines (praise, constructive criticism, and asking for help). The CG received visits of the same duration, bus focused only on listening. The participants were interviewed about their situation, but did not receive individual assistance in operationalizing the strategies presented in the PEG. At the end of the first phase of the intervention, each group received the other type of home-based intervention. The data were analyzed using nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon). The psycho-educational groups were effective in transmitting information, but did not reduce the caregivers perceptions of burden, reporting of depressive symptoms or change their quality of life ratings. After the caregivers received the training-oriented home visits (TV), their perceptions of burden significantly decreased and their quality of life ratings increased. The listeningbased visits had no significant effects on the caregivers. Six months later, an analysis of the follow-up measures indicate that improvements in perceptions of burden, frequency of depressive symptoms and quality of life scores were maintained by those who experienced the PEG coupled with TV. In conclusion, it is clear that professionals who offer orientation programs for family members caring for elderly relatives who have AD should further invest in evaluating the influence of home visits that focus on assisting these caregivers in adjusting their managerial and coping strategies, so as to increase our knowledge of how to blend group-based and individual psycho-educational supports in order to maximize the effects of such interventions.
A pedagogia do sexo em O Ateneu: o dispositivo de sexualidade no internato da "fina flor da mocidade brasileira"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-18)
Balieiro, Fernando de Figueiredo
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1754073430664136
Família Weibull de razão de chances na presença de covariáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-18)
Gomes, André Yoshizumi
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876304287501690
The Weibull distribuition is a common initial choice for modeling data with monotone hazard rates. However, such distribution fails to provide a reasonable parametric _t when the hazard function is unimodal or bathtub-shaped. In this context, Cooray (2006) proposed a generalization of the Weibull family by considering the distributions of the odds of Weibull and inverse Weibull families, referred as the odd Weibull family which is not just useful for modeling unimodal and bathtub-shaped hazards, but it is also convenient for testing goodness-of-_t of Weibull and inverse Weibull as submodels. In this project we have systematically studied the odd Weibull family along with its properties, showing motivations for its utilization, inserting covariates in the model, pointing out some troubles associated with the maximum likelihood estimation and proposing interval estimation and hypothesis test construction methodologies for the model parameters. We have also compared resampling results with asymptotic ones. Coverage probability from proposed con_dence intervals and size and power of considered hypothesis tests were both analyzed as well via Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, we have proposed a Bayesian estimation methodology for the model parameters based in Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) simulation techniques.
Citogenética clássica e molecular em peixes neotropicais. Estudos comparativos entre bacias hidrográficas com ênfase em região de transposição de rio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-19)
Silva, Elisangela Bellafronte da
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9770317966023000
Basic and molecular cytogenetic studies were carried out in a few fish species from family Parodontidae: Apareiodon ibitiensis, A. piracicabae, A. affinis, A. vladii, Apareiodon sp. Parodon nasus and Parodon hilarii. All were collected in distinct hydrographic basins, with emphasis in a river transposition area, more specifically of the Piumhi River. Apareiodon. ibitiensis from the Upper Paraná River and Apareiodon sp. A from the São Francisco River presented the same chromosomal characteristics, as also observed in A. piracicabae in relation to Apareiodon sp. B. The presence of simple sex chromosomes of the ZZ/ZW type was verified in A. ibitiensis and Apareiodon sp., where the presence of the heterochromatin that originated the W chromosome was identified through C-band staining with propidium iodide. Fluorescent in situ hybridizations (FISH) with 18S and 5S ribosomal DNAs were performed in A. affinis, A. piracicabae and A. ibitiensis, resulting in a single chromosome pair marked with 5S rDNA in the three species, all in distinct chromosome pairs. The 18S rDNA is also present in one pair in A. affinis and A. piracicabae, but was polymeric among A. ibitiensis populations. While the 18S rDNA is more conserved in the Parodontidae species, the 5S rDNA may be considered a cytotaxonomical character for the group. FISH with pPh2004 satellite DNA isolated from P. hilarii was also performed in A. piracicabae, A. ibitiensis, A. vladii, A. affinis, Apareiodon sp. and P. nasus, but markings were only found in P. nasus. and A. affinis. When compared to other species where FISH with pPh2004 was carried out, two groups form: 1) the presence of this DNA in all the Parodon species, and 2) the absence in almost of the analyzed Apareiodon species, suggesting the maintenance of these genera. After the chromosomal characterization and confirmation of the species Apareiodon ibitiensis and Apareiodon piracicabae, besides Parodon nasus in distinct localities of the São Francisco River basin (regions of the Três Marias and the Piumhi River transposition), a cytogenetic tracking of the Parodontidae species in this hydrographic basin was made possible, which can be justified through natural (Piumhi Pantanal) and anthropogenic (Piumhi River transposition) connections between the Upper Paraná and the São Francisco River basins. Besides the Parodontidae species, Gymnotiformes species (Eigenamnnia virescens and Gymnotus sylvius) also described for the Upper Paraná basin are distributed in the São Francisco basin, and the transfer probably occurred through the Pantanal or the transposition. Cytogenetic analyses with a larger number of tools in the family Parodontidae was important for a better understanding of the evolution of this fish group, besides having been an important tool in the comparison of allopatric Parodontidae, Gymnotidae and Sternopigydae species present in the Upper Paraná and São Francisco River basins.
Características temporais da concentração de material particulado na atmosfera da cidade de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-03-19)
Pozza, Simone Andréa
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Coury, José Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5530984461673946
The city of São Carlos, of medium size of São Paulo State, can be considered as representative of the Brazilian Southeast area, with agricultural activities practically equivalent to the industrial ones. As part of that profile, it possesses a series of sources of atmospheric pollution that include a considerable fleet of vehicles, agricultural burns and several industrial emissions. The time evolution of this environmental pollution has been reason of concern, once it can cause damages to the human health and to the environment. The present work studied these time characteristics, specifically for the case of particulate matter (PM) suspended in the atmosphere, from experimental data and through statistical models. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 in the city of São Carlos were collected and analyzed. The period of study comprises the years from 1997 to 2006 for PM10 and from 2001 to 2006 for PM2,5 and PM10-2,5. Monthly averages were used for obtaining the models and the 30 (thirty) or 6 (six) final data were used for the validation of the forecast. The selection of the best model was made considering the smallest value of AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), through the successive variation of the parameters. Of the 10 models with smaller value of AIC, was chosen the one of smaller value and other with a smaller number of parameters. In the statistical analysis, the models that did not comply with the requirements of the Shapiro-Wilk tests (normality) and of steadiness were eliminated. In the three cases the model SARIMA represented the groups of studied data better, when compared with the Holt-Winters correlation. The model found for the series of data of PM10, was the SARIMA(1,0,0)×(1,0,1)6. In the second case, the concentration of PM2.5 the best model was the SARIMA(2,1,3)×(1,0,1)6. In the third case, the concentration of PM10-2.5, the best model was the SARIMA(2,0,2)×(1,0,0)6.