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GSSA: uma arquitetura de segurança para grid services
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-25)
Oliveira, Claudio Rodolfo Sousa de
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Guardia, Hélio Crestana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1780902767520967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5146146028744406
Existing mechanisms for Grid Service (GS) security control do not allow transparently binding different user roles and permissions in the access control for operations and resources. After successfuly authenticated a user may access all registered services. This dissertation presents the GS Security Architecture (GSSA), a security architecture for GSs based on the Open GSs Architecture (OGSA), which aims to fullfil this gap. GSSA also provides funcionalites for authentication, log keeping for non-repudiation, auditing and accountability, secure data exchange between GS, and the execution of GSs from withn Web Services (WS). This dissertation also describes an implementation of the GSSA, named GS Security Proxy (GSSP), and evaluates the use of this proxy in a telemedicine application.
Seleção de suportes e protocolos de imobilização de lipases para a síntese enzimática de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-25)
Mendes, Adriano Aguiar
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Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2926571414651131
The objective of this thesis was to prepare and select immobilized lipase derivatives with high catalytic activity and thermal stability to mediate the biodiesel synthesis from palm and babassu oils by ethanolic route. The experimental work was carried out in two steps. In the first, different lipases sources, including lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL), Candida antarctica type B (CALB), porcine pancreas (PPL), Bacillus thermocatenulatus (BTL2), Pseudomonas fluorescens (LPF) and Lipex® 100L were immobilized on different supports activated by several protocols using two immobilization methods, such as physical adsorption and multipoint covalent attachment. The following matrixes were used: agarose, Toyopearl, chitosan, alginate-chitosan, octyl-agarose, hexyltoyopearl and PHB and activating agents were: glutaraldehyde, epichlorohydrin and glycidol. As expected the immobilization procedure, support and lipase source affected the catalytic properties of the immobilized derivatives and their suitability for the proposed reaction. With an exception of PPL, all lipase preparations (TLL, PFL, Lipex® 100L and CALB) showed high alkaline stability under the immobilization conditions (72 h at pH 10.05) resulting in immobilized derivatives having high hydrolytic activities. The highest hydrolytic activities were obtained by TLL immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose, glyoxyl-chitosan-alginate-TNBS, epoxy-chitosan-alginate and Lipex® 100L immobilized on epoxy-chitosan-alginate and glyoxyl-agarose. Under non-aqueous media using butyl butyrate synthesis as a model system, TLL and PFL immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose and glyoxyl-amine-toyopearl showed similar conversions. The highest thermal stability were obtained for non-aminated BTL2 immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose 10BCL (Stability Factor- SF =2648) and chemically aminated (SF=4360), followed by aminated CALB immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose BCL (SF=290) and TLL immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose BCL (SF~300). Using chitosan-alginate, the highest thermal stability was obtained for TLL immobilized on chitosan-alginate-TNBS activated with glyoxyl groups and glutaraldehyde (SF=45). The immobilization of lipases BTL2, CALB and TLL on hydrophobic supports such as octyl-agarose and hexyl-toyopearl by physical adsorption allowed obtaining thermal stable derivatives. In addition, immobilized derivatives on poly-(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) showed high catalytic activity in both hydrolysis and esterification reactions. In the second step and based on their catalytic properties under both aqueous and non-aqueous media as well as thermal stabilities the following immobilized derivatives: TLL and PFL immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose and glyoxyl-amine-Toyopearl, TLL immobilized on chitosan-alginate-TNBS activated with glyoxyl and glutaraldehyde; TLL, PFL, Lipex® 100L and CALB immobilized by physical adsorption on PHB were selected to mediate the synthesis of biodiesel from palm and babassu oils. For derivatives prepared by multipoint covalent attachment and under the conditions used, total conversion in ethyl esters was achieved within 24 to 48 h, depending on the vegetable oil. For immobilized derivatives prepared by physical adsorption on PHB, a slight higher reaction time (72 h) was needed to attain total conversion in ethyl esters. Despite its high esterification activity, BTL2 immobilized on PHB failed to mediate the ethanolysis of both vegetable oils. The viscosity values for the biodiesel samples (3.4-4.5 cSt) are in accordance with specifications recommended by the Brazilian Petroleum Agency (ANP) to be used as biofue.
Macroinvertebrados bentônicos e fatores físicos e químicos como indicadores de qualidade da água da Bacia do Alto Jacaré-Guaçu (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-26)
Andrade, Carolina Cunha
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Tundisi, José Galizia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5730659239785432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127343303702565
Physical, chemical and biological variables from 6 pre-selected sampling stations, including rivers and one reservoir at the Jacaré-Guaçu (SP) watershed, were sampled during the months of July, 2007 and March, 2008. The macroinvertebrates samples were collected from natural substract with Ekman-Birge dredger and also from vegetation with kiknet net. The goal of this study was to relate richness and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates (identified until the level of family, except for Chironomidae, which was identified until the level of gender) with water quality by using metrics and biological index. These were applied in order to verify the relation between macroinvertebrates communities and water quality, which was analyzed through physical and chemical methods. In most preserved places, with low values of electrical conductivity and total phosphorus, a greater richness and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates. On the other way, in places under influence of sewage, a greater dominance of organisms that are tolerant to organic pollution, such as Oligochaeta, Chironomidae and Hirudinea was found. Among Chironomidae family, Tanytarsini and Tanypodinae were associated to better water quality, while Chironomus gr. decorus occurred in great abundance on places under sewage discharge influence. Among the indexes applied, HBI provided the best answers, matching the physical andn chemical results.
Estudo do processo de eletrodeposição e caracterização de ligas de Sn-Zn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-27)
Taguchi, Allan da Silva
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1332718539145545
This study evaluated the electrodeposition processes of Sn, Zn and Sn-Zn alloy in the absence and presence of tartaric acid as complexing agent. Initially all the systems studied were evaluated by Cyclic Voltammetry to determine the deposition potentials of the pure metals and alloy. The results showed that the presence of the complexant shifts the deposition process of both Sn and Zn to more negative potential values. The metals codeposition can be determined by the variation in the shape and potentials of the peaks of deposition in the voltammograms obtained for the alloy when compared to those for individual metals. The potential-step technique (Chronoamperometry) was used to characterize the initial stages of electrocrystallization. It was found that the nucleation processes of Sn (in the absence and presence of the complexant) and Sn-Zn alloy (in complexed medium) are governed by progressive nucleation, while for Zn in both media and for the Sn-Zn alloy in non-complexed medium were ill-defined. Thus, these can be characterized as mixed processes. Films obtained at different deposition potentials were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). It was observed that using the tartaric acid it was possible to obtain more uniform and homogeneous deposits and, apparently, favouring the reduction process and achieving a more protective coating. The morphology, composition and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) of films galvanostatically deposited varying the complexing agent (potassium sodium tartrate or sodium gluconate) and the deposition current (5,0 mA cm-2 and 30,0 mA cm-2) were also analyzed. It was found that at a lower current density the films obtained showed a better uniformity, while those obtained at a higher current density showed a finer grain structure due to an increased nucleation rate in this last instance. Moreover, we can say that the tartrate favours the deposition of Zn when compared to the gluconate. By the XRD analysis it was possible to observe that the alloys consist of separated phases of Sn and Zn crystals and they do not form any intermetallic compound.
Análise fluviológica e ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio Jaú - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-27)
Rezende, Jozrael Henriques
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4418756295562718
The fluviological analysis is an important tool for planning and managing watersheds once that, by means of the characterization of discharges regime and the pulse of a water curse, it helps to indicate their hydrological state and the contributes to handle the natural resources with focus on ecosystemic services. Using secondary data and knowledge of statistics hydrology, as well computational tools, this study assessed and compared the main discharge variables and the pulse of the rivers situated in the Tietê - Jacaré Water Resources Management Unit. In spite of similar climatic conditions of the basins, the indicators have shown that there is grayer instability of the pulse of River Jaú when compared to the Rivers Jacaré-Pepira; Jacaré-Guaçu and Boa Esperança. The River Jaú has presented the lowest specific minimum discharges and the greatest specific maximum discharges as well as the lowest specific permanence discharges. Also it was the only river to reach, during the study period, the critical drought weather discharge estimates by the Hydrological Regionalization Method for São Paulo State. Furthermore, the fluvial diagram of the River Jaú was most instable and the least predictable, showing a greater number of pulses, the greatest maximum tension and the lowest average amplitude. The environmental analysis has indicated that greater instability of the pulse of the River Jaú is directly related to the poor index of natural vegetal cover and to the high level of risk of the consumption uses of its water. Therefore, based on the method of analysis of multiple criteria with the aid of a Geographic Information System, the present study suggests a proposal of prioritization of areas for Legal Forest within the watershed.
Avaliação ecoepidemiológica e sanitária de piscinas coletivas da cidade de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-27)
Sueitt, Ana Paula Erbetta
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0153508580030437
A hundred sixty samples of water were collected to assess the sanitary and ecoepidemiological conditions of collective swimming pools in São Carlos SP. The samples were collected between August/2007 and Abril/2008. The pools were characterized by application of a questionnaire, answered by people responsable for the water treatment. Physical and chemical analysis included: pH, temperature, alkalinity, free chlorine concentration and turbidity. All water samples were analyzed for heterotrophic plate counts by pour plate method. Membrane filter technique was used to isolate amoebae and other bacteria. Eleven pools were heated and nine were unheated. Half of the pools was indoors and the other half was outdoors. Seventeen pools were chlorinated and three pools had a combined disinfection, two using chlorine and UV and one using chlorine and ozone. Only 13 samples (8%) conformed within the desired standards for pH, turbidity and free chlorine concentration at the same time. Twelve samples (7.5 %) were unacceptable for heterotrophic bacteria and 63 (39 %) were unsatisfactory for the presence of total coliforms. Escherichia coli was detected in two samples. Moreover, 102 samples (64 %) were contaminated with at least one microorganism.The percentages of occurrence were: 14 % for Staphylococcus spp, 35 % for Pseudomonas spp, 33 % for Mycobacterium spp and 21 % for free-living amoebae. The amoebae identified were used to recover bacteria possibly present intracellularly . Of these 33 samples positive for protozoa, 18 (54 %) harbored Mycobacterium spp, 15 (45 %) harbored Pseudomonas spp and one (3 %) harbored Staphylococcus spp. Escherichia coli was not recovered from amoebae. The physical and chemical parameters most related to the occurrence of microorganisms in the samples studied were pH and chlorine. No significant relationship was identified between water temperature and occurrence of microorganisms. Overall, the inappropriate forms of treatment and maintenance of swimming pools studied might create conditions for the development of microorganisms, including those potentially pathogenic for human.
O mapeamento tecnológico e a gestão de tecnologia no CNPDIA - Embrapa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-27)
Franco, Renato Ribeiro
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3458289442156207
The technology forecast and management methods have been considered by academics and managers important tools to support technology development. Generally the organizations, which are worried about this issues, needs data and information to look ahead and clarify technologies course before it happens. Considering that development s time has become shorter, these kind of methodologies may turn more and more important. Despite of these matters, it s rare to find papers and related cases to this subject in Brazil. That s why this study has the objective of collect and discuss methodologies, and right after that, compare the Technology Roadmap (TRM) to the CNPDIA s method of technology forecast and management. This TRM method is frequently presented in the related magazines. The work realized has compared the dimension of the TRM, considering some extras observations. These extras looks offered a more complete view and understanding of the environment in which the technology activities took place. The expected intention was to collaborate by analyzing some of the CNPDIA s characterizes. One extra hope is to inspire some discussion in the unit observed, based on this work.
O dimensionamento de edificações de pequeno porte de alvenaria estrutural com as normas britânica, da comunidade européia e brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-28)
Souza, Rodrigo Antonio de
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Furlan Júnior, Sydney
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1588911302230944
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4186567028482616
The use of the structural masonry as constructive system has increasingly firmed as economic alternative on the small constructions, mainly in residential constructions of average standard, surpassing its initial vocation in workmanships of social habitation. Besides the traditional concrete block prescribed for the Brazilian structural masonry code, structural blocks of materials and varied dimensions are found in the market. It is presented in this paper the sizing of two small constructions in structural masonry (loft constructions with area less than 200 m2) according to Brazilian (NBR 10837:1989), British (BS 5628:1992) and European Community (EC 6:1996) rules, comparing the results gotten and analyzing the effect of some intervening important parameters in the calculation, such as the architectural project (especially the openings), the supports of the flagstone, the types of block and the kind of shipments distribution on the walls. Relatively to the blocks, structural components of thickness of 14 cm (minimum foreseen in the Brazilian structural masonry code) and of thickness of 11,5 cm are used. Despite this last one has been recently incorporated as a new category of structural block (NBR 6136:1980), it is not contemplated by the code of calculation of the masonry yet, although it is allowed in the mentioned international codes. The calculation especially considers the request of simple compression in not armed masonry, typical situation of constructions of reduced height, and contemplates in details the influence of the eccentricity of the shipment, as formularization of the international codes (subject that the Brazilian code deals with in a very simple way). The international codes used in this paper had been selected by the importance that they possess in the European Community and for being used for designers in Brazil when ceramic blocks or another different material of the concrete are used. Another important difference between the international codes and the Brazilian code is the calculation method (method of the states limits, of more modern conception, and method of the permissible tensions, respectively).
Composição da avifauna e frugivoria por aves em um mosaico de vegetação secundária em Rio Claro, região Centro-Leste do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-28)
Athiê, Samira
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2659810258243180
The study of birds was conducted in a secondary vegetation mosaic of 44 ha, located in the central-eastern Sao Paulo State, between 2007 December and 2009 January. Were among the goals: get the list of bird species throughout the area, evaluate the community structure of a small fragment and a mixed reforestation representing the vegetation mosaic, and compare results with those obtained in a similar study conducted in the same area, between 1986 and 1989. Through the qualitative survey, were recorded 183 bird species throughout the area, while the earlier study diagnosed 154. In 280 h of sampling effort were diagnosed 160 species in the reforestation and 142 in the fragment, while in the quantitative survey were recorded 103 species in 1929 contacts in the reforestation and 80 species in 789 contacts in the fragment. Predominated guilds of small insectivores and omnivores, which has been common in surveys in disturbed habitats due to the greater plasticity of generalists bird species. The frequency of occurrence higher than 75% includes abundant resident species, which in this study comprise 23.9% of species from the forest fragment and 16.9% of species in mixed reforestation. A few species showed high values of IPA and a great number of species showed low and average values for this index. However, the higher species richness in comparison with other areas of similar sizes and with the earlier study conducted in the same area showed that the recovery of degraded areas is an important element for maintaining the birds in forest fragments as well as for the colonization by new species, besides being an important measure to reduce the contrast between fragments and their matrix, facilitating the movement of birds across the landscape.
Síntese e avaliação biológica de uma coleção de flavonóides
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-29)
Alvim Junior, Joel
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Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6471223707426898
The flavonoids are an important class of polyphenolic compounds present in relative abundance among the secondary metabolites of plants and are found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, flowers, tea, honey and propolis. They show several biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antifungal, etc.. The present work aimed to synthetize and to evaluate the biological activity of a library of flavones and chalcones. The flavones and chalcones were prepared following classical organic synthesis and combinatorial chemistry. Among the flavones and chalcones prepared and tested against enzyme of T. cruzi gGAPDH, the best results were obtained with the flavone 56{1,6}, 85% of inhibition, and the chalcone 55{1,3}, 97% of inhibition, both at concentration of 100 M. In bioassay against human cathepsin V, a chalcone which showed the best inhibitory activity was chalcone 18 with 64% of inhibition and 9 flavones (40{1,1}, 40{2,1}, 40{3,1}, 56{1,1}, 56{1,5}, 56{2,1}, 56{3,1}, 56{3,2}, 56{4,1}) showed 100% of inhibition, both at concentration of 25 M. The flavones and chalcones prepared will contribute for the study of structure-activity relationship, which could let to the design and synthesis of more active flavones and chalcones.
Criação audiovisual na convivência dialógica em um grupo de dança de rua como processo de educação humanizadora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-29)
Ribeiro Junior, Djalma
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Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7242263940723603
This research was developed between 2007 and 2009 in the context of a humanizing process of audiovisual creation which values the creation and criticism ability of the young participants of Arte Urbana group, a street dance group established in Jardim Cruzeiro do Sul, in São Carlos-SP suburb. The study is conducted through the audiovisual creation process, clarifying the pedagogical contribution by the universe of images and sounds to support a proposal of popular education constructed in communion through action research and dialogue, and therefore, dialectic and intersubjective between the subjects involved in this research. It is not just about a technical knowledge proposal related to audiovisual creation, but it is essential that this technical knowledge keep up with an awareness process, a critical approach with the reality of all involved in this process. Keeping on, the audiovisual creation process contributes to construct a critical consciousness linked to the individual creation and achievement ability, enabling the development of an audiovisual work that attends the whole group interests. The research intends to contribute to the debate on educational research methodologies, proposing and experiencing an action research, ethically committed to the popular groups, constructed itself by subjects who cohabit and dialog, who are educated at the same time that educate. Using the methodology of action research, a video was created to contribute to the affirmation of the street dance as a cultural movement and to make a positive image of its participants before the society. Therefore, the main question has become to identify how potential is the audiovisual creation process to contribute to the affirmation of the street dance as a culture and to make a positive image of its participants. The answer for this question gave prominence for the educational processes present in the group and which have contributed to the creation of an audiovisual work constructed in the humanizing perspective and in the dialogue between all the ones who participated in this research action. Thus, the research aimed to understand the educational processes applied during an audiovisual creation practice constructed in a collective and dialogical way, identifying if this audiovisual creation process has collaborate to solve the problem indicated by the group. We have attended the activities, meetings, rehearsals and presentations of Arte Urbana group and the audiovisual creation was inserted into the daily life of the group. During this process we did interviews, talks and observations. After the gotten data were organized and analyzed, they brought up some important values in the group as love, trust, respect, responsibility. The participants have associated the group with a family who has the dialogue and the autonomy as two of the most remarkable characteristics. This deep experience with Arte Urbana family have showed that there are possibilities of working with audiovisual creation processes inserted in social practices, in order to assist in the human formation.
Participação dos receptores NK-1 no locus coeruleus na resposta cardiorrespiratória e termorreguladora à hipercapnia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-05-29)
Carvalho, Débora de
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8613079723594091
The locus coeruleus (LC) has been suggested as a CO2 chemoreceptor site in mammals. Substance P (SP) has been used as a marker of respiratory neurons and it plays an important role in compensatory responses to hypercapnia in several sites of the central nervous system. Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor immunoreactive (NK1Rir) neurons and processes are widely distributed within the LC. Thus, the present study assessed the role of NK-1 receptors in the LC in the cardiorespiratory and thermal responses to hypercapnia. To this end, substance P-saporin conjugate (SPSAP; 2μM) was injected in the LC to kill NK1R-ir neurons, or IgG-SAP as a control in male Wistar rats. The animals that the drug reached the fourth ventricle (4ºV) were considered as a 4ºV group. Pulmonary ventilation (VE, body plethysmograph), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and body core temperature were measured followed by 60 min of hypercapnic exposure (7% CO2). To verify the correct placement and effectiveness of the chemical lesions, immunohistochemistry for NK1R was performed. In addition, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity was performed to verify if noradrenergic neurons were eliminated. Fluoro-Jade technique was used to evaluate neuronal degeneration. A reduced NK1R (72% of reduction) and TH immunoreactivity (66% of reduction) was observed seven days after the injections of SP-SAP in the LC and an intense Fluoro-Jade staining, showing the effectiveness of the lesion. Focal lesions of NK1R-ir did not affect basal ventilation in the SP-SAP in LC and SP-SAP in 4ºV groups. Hypercapnia caused an increase in pulmonary ventilation in all groups, which was a result of increases in respiratory frequency (fR) and tidal volume (VT), SP-SAP treatment in the LC and in the fourth ventricle attenuated the hypercapnic ventilatory response (30% and 20%, respectivally), due to a reduction in the VT. SP-SAP in the LC and SP SAP in the 4ºV 11 lesion did not affect MAP, but caused an increase in HR in both groups. The results suggest that NK1R-ir neurons in the LC modulate hypercapnic ventilatory response but play no role in breathing control under resting conditions. Additionally, NK1R-ir neurons seem to play no role in body temperature and MAP regulation in resting conditions and during hypercapnia, but modulate HR during CO2 exposure. This modulation may be due to a change in the noradrenaline release.
Decomposição aeróbia de Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. e caracterização limnológica na bacia hidrográfica do rio do Monjolinho (São Carlos, SP, Brasil)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-02)
Santos, Mariana Gonzaga dos
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3205499123721178
The oxidative aerobic processes contribute with large amounts of nutrients in dissolved and particulate forms for the metabolism microbial water. In that context, this study described the oxygen consumption kinetics during the aerobic mineralization of Myriophyllum aquaticum and also evaluated the possible effects of nutrients addiction, the chemical composition and temperature on the decomposition. The aquatic macrophyte was collected in the coastal region of the Monjolinho reservoir (220 00' S and 47054' W; SP, Brazil). In the laboratory part of the plant fragments were subjected to leaching for extraction of the dissolved organic matter (DOM). In the laboratory, part of the plant fragments was subjected to leaching to extract the particulate fraction (POM). The mineralization chambers were set up (n = 96) with different N and P concentrations, entire detritus or lignocellulosic matrix (i.e. fibers) in two phenological stages (senescent or green) under two temperature (16 and 25 ºC), totaling 32 treatments. The concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) were determined periodically in the chambers for 80 days. The results were adjusted to a kinetic model of first-order. Different concentrations of N and P did not interfere in the microbial metabolism when the experiments with full detritus and lignocellulosic matrix were analyzed separately. Moreover, in experiments that include the mineralization of macrophytes under natural conditions (with reservoir water), was favoring the mineralization rather than immobilization. However, the independent analysis of the concentrations of N and P showed that the same condition of temperature and type of fragment (green or senescent), the kD was approximately 2 times greater in treatments with full detritus for those with only lignocellulosic matrix, which showed higher C: P and smaller quantities of lignin in their original chemical composition. The Q10 has shown similarities between the treatments, regardless of chemical composition (entire or fibers), but differences in relation to the plant phenological stage (ranging from 1.75 to 2.06). Regarding the stoichiometry O/N was an expense of greater oxygen for nitrification in treatments with full litter (mean = 1%) compared to treatment with lignocellulosic matrix (mean = 0.6%). The quality of detritus was the most important variable in the mineralization of macrophytes the temperature has served as a secondary factor.
Sistema para a oferta de serviços baseados em localização com garantias de privacidade do usuário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-02)
Ribeiro, Filipe Nunes
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0077465042842971
The use of geographical information about users is the main quality of Location Based Services (LBS). Services like finding nearest hotels and restaurants, weather forecasting or traffic conditions verifying are some of them that can be found without hard effort. Even though using LBS can be bring out facilities and benefits, manipulation of location information by malicious parties can represent serious threat to users privacy. The mobile telephony has been widely used to offer LBS, mainly due to the powerful increase of mobile devices, location capabilities in the devices and the large number of potential users. Despite the existence of techniques to offer privacy in LBS execution, there is no much interest in using these techniques in the mobile telephony environment, besides, the majority of proposed techniques do not present results that can be used in a real environment. This work presents a system that offers location privacy to mobile phone applications. The expression location privacy points out the competency of avoid that third parties learn about current or past location of the user. Then, we propose the Location Privacy Based System (SBPL), that offers manners to control location information release and allows LBS execution with privacy guarantees to mobile phone users. The SBPL is composed by a client application, performed in the mobile device, and a trusted server, acting between the mobile device and the service provider. Besides, the SBPL follows the recommendations of existing privacy guidelines, and allows the user to determine his preferences, which assure adaptation to distinct users and services. Tests were performed in LBS environments that prove the efficiency of SBPL and the possibility of using it in the mobile phone environment.
Arquitetura para controle de políticas de tarifação em redes WiMAX mesh
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-03)
Cruz, Erlon Rodrigues
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Guardia, Hélio Crestana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1780902767520967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3004225319903034
In the last years, much effort has been applied to study Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). As part of this effort, the IEEE 802.16 Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks specifies a mesh mode operation for WiMAX networks, opening possibilities for real mesh networks deployment. Several technical aspects of the physical and medium access layers of the standard have been studied, although, there is no definition on how this architecture will handle billing aspects and paid access. In this dissertation, the existing solutions for this question are analyzed and we propose a new architecture for billing users in IEEE 802.16 mesh networks.
Desenvolvimento de PVC reforçado com fibras de vidro longas para fabricação de produtos moldados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-04)
Grizzo, Leandro Henrique
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5414245470336455
This work presents a method of the long glass fiber reinforced PVC compound through incorporating continuous glass fibers with plasticized vinyl matrix prepared by wire coating process and pelletizing the coated roving (by cutting in the range 13 to 14 μm in length). The pellets (of long fiber glass incorporating in PVC) were mixed with granulated rigid PVC and this blend was fed directly into the injection-molding process machine. The direct injection molding in which composite parts are molded directly from the resin and reinforcement, eliminating the preliminary melt-compounding process - was achieved successfully. It was excellent because it reduced the number of processing steps that allowed cutting expenses, reduced the deterioration of the glass fibers length and reduced the possibility of PVC resins degradation happened. The vinyl composites long glass fiber reinforced PVC with 20 wt. %, exhibits excellent mechanical properties better than unreinforced rigid PVC. Its tensile modulus, flexural modulus and notched Charpy impact strength were twice that of unreinforced PVC even with the composites were formulated with a high quantity of plasticizer. The materials utilized to be compatibilizer (Vinisol OH e COOH) resulted in a moderately increased of tensile and flexural properties, moreover decreasing the notched Charpy impact strength of the vinyl composites. Therefore, they are not useful compatibilizer to PVC matrix based on balance of mechanical properties performance. All of the vinyl composites, formulated with or without compatibilizer, presented suitable dispersion of the glass fibers and good interfacial adhesion of fiber-matrix besides to be observed the presence of matrix adhered to the glass fiber s surface. In summary, long glass fiber reinforced PVC compound through incorporating by wire coating process was possible and it was created an innovating process of reinforcement into the vinyl area, in addition to the better mechanical properties achieved that allow PVC can be used in a unrecognized high-performance applications that was not possible before.
MINUSTAH e diplomacia solidária : criação de um novo paradigma nas operações de paz?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-04)
Correa, Paulo Gustavo Pellegrino
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4935704081469903
The purpose of our research is to test the Brazilian proposal of creating a new paradigm of intrastate conflict resolution from its experience in the command of United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti ( MINUSTAH ). The Brazilian motivations in joining the rebuilding process of Haiti ( Solidarity Diplomacy ) and a multidimensional vision are aspects that, according to the Brazilian government, would distinguish MINUSTAH from past unsuccessful missions commanded by the United States. First of all, we ll analyze the political/ ideological motivations of the peacekeeping operation contributors, more specifically the USA and Brazil. Then, we will evaluate any innovative aspect in Brazil s cooperation projects carried out by Brazilian Agency for Cooperation (ABC) provided to Haiti and we ll compare them to the projects developed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) concerning the projects formulation process and objectives. At last, we'll analyze MINUSTAH s modus operandis, more specifically the Brazilian troops, to be able to check if, in fact, there is a Brazilian ethos capable of supporting a change of paradigm in the peacekeeping operations.
Relações entre o tipo psicológico e a aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-05)
Belonsi, Lileni Marileili Drugovich
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Silva, Ademar da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9028512631572133
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917585425367055
There are several factors which interfere in foreign language learning. Among them, there are the learning styles, which comprise the cognitive and affective domains. The intrinsic side of the affective domain, which is the personality, should be considered as an important factor on the building of a foreign language teaching/learning theory, because it gives priority to human behavior concerning the way people learn. Although Personality Traits or Psychological Types may be regarded as circumstantial, that is, without reliability or strength, they may be indicators of personal needs during a certain moment. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the learner s Psychological Type is reflected on the way he processes information, on his motivation and on the way he develops strategies which help him to deal with the most different learning situations. Knowing the different Psychological Types (such as extroverted, perceptive, judger, intuitive) as well as their characteristics, may be quite important for the teacher, because, through this knowledge, he will be able to better identify the difficulties of a determined learner or a group of learners and provide them with means to reduce them; in relation to the learner, one will have conditions to search more autonomy when learning a foreign language, because one will know how to satisfy his preferences and how to deal with his learning difficulties. By having as theoretical base the studies developed by the psychiatrist Carl Jung in the 1920s, which were further revised and improved by Myers and Briggs (1987; 1995; 1997) and having as reference the studies developed by Ehrman (1996), we pointed out some personality differences which are relevant to the learning process. We analyzed and interpreted the data, which were collected from the answers given at the MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator). The MBTI is an inventory developed by Myers and Briggs, which indicates the Psychological Type, classified into four bipolar or dichotomic dimensions according to the learner s preferences. Such data showed the traits of each Type, the relationship between the orientations and the abilities of each learner and the factors which contribute or not to the success in a foreign language (English) learning context.
Estudo computacional da enzima gGAPDH do Trypanosoma cruzi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-05)
Oliveira, Osmair Vital de
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Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3019137922691272
Theoretical methods in computational chemistry were used to study the gGAPDH enzyme from Trypanosoma cruzi. This protozoan is responsible by the Chagas diseases. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to obtain the time evolution of the gGAPDH enzyme in the holo (with the cofactor NAD+) and apo (without the cofactor) forms in aqueous solution. The calculations were performed in the NpT ensemble with T = 300K e p = 1bar. In these simulations little conformational changes were observed in both holo and apo forms of the enzyme along 20.0 ns simulation time. Docking calculations were carried out to fit some drugs in enzyme active site using the ensemble docking methodology. Therefore, multiple enzyme conformations of both holo and apo forms were obtained at time intervals of 2.0 ns along the molecular dynamics simulation. This procedure was used to take in into account the flexibility of the enzyme. The results from these calculations indicate that the best way to develop a drug molecule is to consider both enzyme forms (holo and apo forms). In this way, one drug will inhibit the apo form and other, the holo form. To characterize the enzymatic mechanism, the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) was placed in the active site (via docking calculations) of the holo form conformation obtained in the end of the 20.0 ns trajectory. A 1.0 ns molecular dynamic simulation was performed in the (gGAPDH-NAD+-G3P) system. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to study reactive process in the enzyme catalytic site. A convenient model was built using about 698 atoms carefully chosen to represent the active site and its surroundings. The calculations were performed using a combination of MOZYME and the usual SCF procedure implemented in the MOPAC2009 program. The calculations were performed at the PM6 level. One of the reaction mechanisms proposed in the literature was characterized xix calculating the energy profile along the reaction path to transfer a proton from Cys166 to His194. Using a second structure obtained from molecular dynamics, a new mechanism for the gGAPDH enzyme was proposed and characterized by a similar MOPAC2009 calculation. In this mechanism, the hydroxyl group of the G3P acts as a bridge to transfer the proton from the Cys166 to His194 residue.
Desenvolvimento de descritores de imagens para reconhecimento de padrões de plantas invasoras (folhas largas e folhas estreitas)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-06-05)
Santos, Ana Paula de Oliveira
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Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2368219284471351
In Brazil, the development of tools for weeds recognition, capable of aiding risk detection and decision making on the fieldwork is still embryonic. This master s thesis presents the development of a pattern recognition system that recognizes weeds and gives the occupation percentage of wide and narrow leaves in an agricultural production system, with digital image processing techniques. The development was based on considerations about image acquisition, pre-processing, texture based segmentation, descriptors for weeds recognition and occupation percentage of each kind of leaf. The validation has been developed considering geometric patterns generated in laboratory, as well as others obtained of a maize (Zea mays) production agricultural environment, i. e. two species of weeds, one with wide leaves (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) and other with narrow leaves (Digitaria sanguinalis Scop.). The results show recognition of about 84.24 percent for wide leaves and 80.17 percent for narrow leaves in agricultural environment and also the capability to spot weed on unreachable locations by natural vision. Besides, the method presents application in precision agriculture to improve the decision making in pulverization processes.