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As ações da prefeitura municipal de Campinas frente à demanda por vagas na educação infantil (2001-2008)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Rocha, Ana Cláudia da; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
This dissertation presents a study of the formulation and implementation of Schooling Public Policies for children from 0 to 6 years old in the institutions for pre-school education in the city of Campinas, in the interior of São Paulo state from 2001 to 2008. During this period, among other actions, two projects are highlighted which had as their objectives although in one of them this was not explicit the increase in the number of vacancies in local kindergartens and pre-schools and the consequent decrease in the number of children in the waiting lists. The first one implemented from 2001 to 2004, during the petista government of the mayor Antônio da Costa Santos, known as Toninho (murdered in 2001) and after continued by the mayor Izalene Tiene (Campinas vice-mayor who took office after the death of Mayor Antônio da Costa Santos), was called Multi-age Pre-School and based its organization on the grouping of children according to their approximate age. Children used to be divided according to the same age before that. The second project, started in the first pedetista period of government of the mayor Dr. Hélio de Oliveira Santos, from 2005 to 2008, called Naves-Mãe concentrates its attendance in the building of new educational units by the local government and their management by non-governmental institutions through public-private partnerships. These two projects represent two different kinds of public policies that are presented in this dissertation. One of them aimed at enhancing the hole of the local Government in the pre-school education policies as the main responsible actor for the creation, maintenance and vacancies organization in public local institutions for pre-school education and the other which undertook the State s function as the manager of educational policies through public-private partnerships aiming at decreasing the lack of vacancies in preschools in the city of Campinas. This discussion intends to be the base of a search for alternatives of a better and higher attendance in the local children s education.
Modelagem do processo de programação detalhada da produção em ambiente Job Shop
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Barcellos, Sérgio Rocha; Politano, Paulo Rogério
The modeling process of the fine (detailed) production scheduling is responsible for mapping and planning of all activities relative to the production tasks. Conceptual models are references for these activities and also to support the implementation of the scheduling. In this work, a model is proposed considering data collection, analysis, data processing and provided information. Using this model it's possible to take decision based on data that are accurated, detailed and easy to get.
Os estudos de educação comparada internacional no banco de dissertações e teses da CAPES no período de 1987 a 2006
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Gregorio, Marcia Gomes; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9567365382868666
The intensification of the globalization process, the weakening of the National States with the strengthening of supra-national identity territories and the advent of the information technologies favored a more intense interchange between countries and gave a new life to comparative studies. This dissertation aims at analyzing what has been produced in Brazil in the form of Master s Dissertations and Doctorate s Thesis in the last two decades in the field of International Comparative Education. The objective of this research was to understand if these works are realized according to the standards, procedures and perspectives indicated by multilateral agencies or otherwise, if what has been academically accomplished in the field has been criticizing the influence of multilateral agencies on the educational policies implemented in Brazil. A group of 37 keywords related to Comparative Education was searched in the CAPES Databank. The analyses revealed 53 works on International Comparative Education. This material was divided according to the topics they presented and a group of 11 dissertations and thesis on educational systems and policies was obtained. These works were analyzed according to the following categories: a) modernization and development; b) the hole of multilateral agencies/autonomy; c) educational system s reforms; d) homogeneity/diversity; e) the hole attributed to the indicators. The results show that although some of these works contain certain characteristics that are typical of the conceptions presented by multilateral agencies, the majority of them is critical and denounces the hegemonic patterns established by developed countries and that are imposed to the developing countries, based on uniform diagnosis performed by multilateral agencies.
Efeitos da acidose lática nos processos da contratilidade cardíaca do teleósteo de água doce matrinxã, Brycon cephalus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Lopes, André Guelli; Kalinin, Ana Lúcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7831989297659041
In the majority of the fish species already studied, cardiac force contraction is sensitive to small changes in the extracellular pH. During intense swimming, the increased lactic acid (LA) levels significantly reduce the Fc, impairing the myocardial contractile performance. The freshwater teleost matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, is a reofilic species presenting a high capacity for swimming against rapids during migration and feeding, constituting an interesting model for studies of exercise and growth. Additionally, a considerable amount of contractile Ca2+ in cardiac myocytes of this species derives from intracellular stores (sarcoplasmic reticulum - SR). The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the extracellular lactic acidosis on Fc and mechanisms of excitation-contraction coupling. Ventricle strips were mounted for isometric force recordings during 40 minutes to evaluate: (a) the effects of 22 mM of lactic acid; (b) the combined effects of 22 mM of lactic acid and 10 μM of ryanodine (a specific SR calcium channels blocker); (b) the combined effects of 22 mM of lactic acid and 1mM of amiloride (a Na+/H+ exchanger - NHE blocker); (c) the effects of the replacement of NaCl by LiCl in the physiological solution (to test the role of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger - NCX). Acidosis produced a biphasic inotropic curve: a significant Fc reduction (~80%) after 5 min of exposure and a complete Fc recovery after 20 min. b. This initial Fc reduction seems to be caused by a decreased myofibrilar Ca2+ sensitivity since the NCX blockade by lithium did not alter this response. Ryanodine blocked the Fc recovery during lactic acidosis (58.3%), evidencing the role of SR in increasing intracellular Ca2+ and, therefore, in the Fc recovery during acidosis. Additionally, the NHE is also crucial for Fc recovery during acidosis since it was abolished by amiloride. Taken together, the results indicate that matrinxã is an acidosis-tolerant species, presenting efficient mechanisms to counteract the negative inotropic effects of lactic acidosis.
Modelagem matemática nas atividades de estágio: saberes revelados por futuros professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Almeida, Rafael Neves; Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4005696619762748
Based on the assumption that supervised internship is an important part of a teacher s education, this work sought to identify what are the possible relations/influences of mathematical modeling on the internship activities of a future mathematics teacher. A qualitative research was carried out in a public state school in the city of São Carlos and included the participation of two students of an Undergraduate Mathematics course (Teaching License). While these students were attending the subject Supervised Internship in Mathematics in Elementary Education 2, they joined the author of this research to design three projects of mathematical modeling for seventh-grade students. In the case study, the trainee teachers applied all the three projects, what resulted in an empirical material consisted of audio interviews with the trainee teachers, videos of the classes, documents produced by the seventh-grade students, and documents produced by the trainee teachers (field journals, reflective journals, and reports of the internship). The theoretical basis included works by Tardif (2002) and Mizukami (2004) for understanding how the teacher learning takes place, as well as works by Moura (1999) and Pimenta (2004), which contributed to the understanding of the supervised internship as an environment of teacher knowledge, while the studies by Borba (1999), Biembengut (1999) and Barbosa (2001c) allowed the construction of a concept on the use of mathematical modeling in Mathematics teaching. The focus of investigation was the way the trainee teachers acted in the supervised internship while developing projects of mathematical modeling. The idea was to analyze which types of knowledge, conflicts, and reflections they build in such process. The research showed both the potential of mathematical modeling being used in initial education as part of internship activities when undergraduates take their chances on their first experiences as teachers and the production of teacher knowledge.
Construção do mapa genético preliminar do peixe Prochilodus argenteus, utilizando marcadores microssatélites
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Bianchi, Beatriz Cutilak; Hatanaka, Terumi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666878061867996; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136900924401884
A preliminary genetic linkage map was constructed for the species Prochilodus argenteus, an endemic fish from the São Francisco river basin, using 23 microsatellite markers in a progeny with 95 individuals from a single cross by the pseudo-testcross strategy. The male and female parents were collected in different regions, downstream of the dam of the Três Marias (MG). Only 11 (52.4%) markers grouped in some linkage group and the the remaining was unlinked. Twenty-one (91.5%) markers appeared to segregate according to Mendelian inheritance, and only two (8.7%) showed segregation distortion. The map covered 297.58 cM of the genome, according to the Kosambi s function. The number of linkage groups (3) found in this study was much lower than expected for the species (equivalent to the haploid number of chromosomes, n = 27), demonstrating the importance of using a larger number of molecular markers in future studies. The data obtained in this work will be compiled with the marks obtained by AFLP by Rojas (2008) in order to obtain a denser genetic map. Although the number of linkage groups found have been lower than expected for the species, the results can be considered promising for the Brazillian Fish Genetics, since genetic mapping studies are virtually absent in Neotropical fish.
Entre resistências e inserções: a construção da Agroecologia na Embrapa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Camargo, Vanessa Ortiz de; Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8990001145592504
The goal of this dissertation is to investigate as agroecology, alternative approach to agriculture characterized by socio-environmental concerns, becomes a prospect that internalises in public institutions of research devoted to agriculture. Analyzing the case of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), which was historically linked to agricultural modernization in Brazil, the research aims to investigate what the conditions of insertion of the agroecology theme is how the process of legitimation of this. The research consisted of a case study on the institutional process of legitimization of agroecology in EMBRAPA. First, we analyze the official discourse of the company, the institutional position, defined in documents published on the subject. A second step of analysis aims to evaluate how this process is reflected in the level of daily practices of agents. For this, interviews were conducted with experts and researchers from Embrapa Meio Ambiente, located in Jaguariúna- SP. Understanding the Embrapa Meio Ambiente as a field of provisions in dispute, where the agents compete for the accumulation of specific, we show that the environmental issue, and particularly the discussion agroecology, introduce new elements and provide conflicting dynamics. The agroecological perspective takes a marginal seat, or dominated the field in relation to conventional farming, and thus the defenders of agroecology looking agents make use of various strategies, seeking state their views and their understanding of science. If on the one hand social movements seeking intervention in the company entering new perspectives on the other hand, the institution makes use of a series of devices to accommodate new practices to their routines.
Estudos de propriedades de muitos corpos em sistemas confinados : simulacões via Monte Carlo Quântico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Moreira, Nilton Luis; Marques, Gilmar Eugenio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5288996471023574
The Quantum Monte Carlo Method has been constituted in a powerful ab-initio tool which can afford accurate estimates of the ground-state properties of quantum many-body systems. With this subject in mind, we first present a review of the method in the well-known variations: the Variational Monte Carlo and Diffusion Monte Carlo. We have applied both methods to quantum dots containing up to 10 electrons confined to a hard wall spherical model. After the general ground-state analysis we present the Time Correlation Quantum Monte Carlo for excited states and apply to quantum dot molecules. Finally, as a first application we compare our results to models found in the literature, in order to calibrate our code.
Estrutura organizacional do fitoplâncton nos sistemas lóticos e lênticos da bacia do Tietê-Jacaré (UGRHi-Tietê-Jacaré) em relação à qualidade da água e estado trófico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Luzia, Anna Paula; Tundisi, Takako Matsumura; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7789295211200946; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4314702220039362
The aim of this work was to study the phytoplankton structure of lentic and lotic systems of Tietê/Jacaré basin located in São Paulo State and the relationship between the composition and dominance of phytoplankton organisms with the water quality and trophic state of the rivers and lakes of this basin. The Tietê/Jacare basin is composed by three main rivers: middle Tietê, Jacaré Guaçu and Jacaré Pepira rivers with their sub basins: Jacaré Guaçu, Jacaré Pepira, middle river Tietê, Bauru and Jau river sub basin. Two lentic systems located in the middle Tietê are Bariri (UHE Alvaro de Souza Lima) and Ibitinga reservoirs, and Broa reservoir (UHE Carlos Botelho) in Jacare Guaçu sub basin. The limnological variables which are responsible by the water quality and its trophic state index were analysed in the two periods of the year dry and wet seasons. They were measured pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, oxide-reduction potential, total dissolved solids, electric conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, water transparency, total particulate phosphorous, total dissolved phosphate, total inorganic phosphate, silicate, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, ionic components (fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, potassium, magnesium and calcium), dissolved and particulate organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, chlorophyll a. Regarding phytoplankton community, the identification was made at the genus level, and the richness, diversity index equitability and dominance were analyzed to establish the relation between trophic state and the dominance of different phytoplankton classes as well as the richness and diversity of organisms both in lentic and in lotic ecosystems. Also short term variation of physical and chemical variables promoted by the cold fronts was studied in the Bariri reservoir to verify the occurrence of thermal stratification and destraification that affect the composition structure of phytoplankton and its spatial distribution.
Estratégia de modelagem da tarefa de programação reativa da produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Montoro, Flavio Aldrovandi; Morandin Júnior, Orides; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6646373158978902
Aiming at improving competitive advantage, organizations in general have been giving more attention to knowledge engineering, as well as its techniques and methods to acquire and represent knowledge already in place. This knowledge is sometimes not fully explored, or not explored properly. This approach is to develop a knowledge modeling strategy for reactive production scheduling, which focuses on tacit and explicit knowledge acquisition and representation. The knowledge representation aims at getting results closer to the organization reality and should also be comprehensible and easy to be validated by experts. To validate the proposed model, a computational system was developed to evaluate the model behavior under a specific domain, as well as to verify if the results are satisfactory. The model supports decision-making when unplanned events occur during the production process, enabling the possibility of evaluating greater knowledge to make the decision and also allowing the operator to make the decision without any expert support. The validation was performed in two steps; the first one, the computational system validation, was carried out by unit tests on every module, and after that, an integration test was performed. The second one, the proposed model validation, was verified in two ways. The first one was the validation using the industry use cases based on industry platform existing in the TEAR laboratory; the acceptance and understanding of the models by experts were verified using the same models already validated in a project between an industry and the TEAR laboratory.
Desempenho de sistema predial de água quente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Benedicto, Sergio Murilo de Oliveira; Amorim, Simar Vieira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8264867164852836; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9576941397841580
In Hydraulic and Sanitary Building Systems there are nonconformance issues that can occur when user begins occupying and interacting with the building. Among other systems, the Hot Water Building System is responsible to offer to user important activities to human being such as bath and dish washing. The performance of the systems that constitute the housing buildings along its life is connected to the conditions of use for it was designed, to the execution of the construction according to the technical regulations, to the use of materials and components free of imperfections and to the programs and techniques of regular auditing and building maintenance. Even though the field of nonconformance is a subject not so explored in Brazil, it can be inferred as causes of nonconformance issues in the Hot Water Building System: technical regulations out-of-date, project mistakes, inadequate specifications, manufacture problems, execution errors, lack of maintenance or inadequate maintenance. This dissertation, based on the user's requirements as established by NBR 15575-1, objects the identification of performance requirements and criteria, to multistoried residential buildings. This theoretical study was applied to two multistoried residential buildings to find out probable s nonconformance.
Alternativa de sistemas de lajes para edifício em aço: um estudo comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Lima, Ygor Dias da Costa; Souza, Alex Sander Clemente de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3572504605209699; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7255703324873462
This work is aimed at studying slab systems for steel structures by assessing massive conventional slab, framed slab, pre-cast slabs, compsite slab systems and other systems of steel and concrete. Characteristics as well as structural and building advantages and disadvantages of each slab system for steel structures usage are addressed. Based on a defined architecture, a structural project will be developed in which the main structure (columns and beams) is supported by steel structure, and several solutions using different slab systems will be technically presented according to the methodology for mounting them, execution, and cost comparisons. A more realistic evaluation of each slab system studied was sought by comparing them to each other in terms of structural behaviour, building techniques, and cost.
Nanocompósito de PP/PP-g-AM/argila organofílica: processamento, propriedades mecânicas, termo-mecânicas e de permeação de gás
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-08-28) Morelli, Fernanda Cathusca; Ruvolo Filho, Adhemar Colla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5148006318369550
The aim of present work was developing nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP) with organoclay (MMT) in the presence of a compatibilization agent (PP-g-MA) in the melt state. The masterbatch of PP-g-MA and organoclay was prepared in a mixer with high shear rate and then cryogenically frozen and ground. The nanocomposites were prepared with 1.5%, 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% (w/w) of organoclay into PP in a twin screw extruder. In the all case it was maintained the ratio of 1:3 organoclay/PP-g-MA. The morphology and structure of the nanocomposites were evaluated by their thermo-mechanical properties, tensile strain and permeability to water vapor and oxygen. The analysis of XRD showed a marked decrease the in peak intensity referring to the pure organoclay for all nanocomposites. The SEM / FEG micrographs revealed the morphology of the surface for all sample. It was observed the complete dispersion of organoclay into polymeric phase and the structure seen was like a rod with some mixed clusters. While the micrographs of TEM showed the formation of nanocomposites with high intercalation for 1.5% and 2.5% of organoclay. The TGA analysis demonstrated an increase in the temperature of degradation (2% loss of mass) of 29°C for the sample of 1.5% of organoclay. The DSC curves did not show any influence of organoclay in the values of Tf for ΔHf and nanocomposites. The DMTA analysis showed an improvement for all parameters examined (on the storage modulus, change the temperature of phase transition α 'and HDT) once more for the sample of 1.5% of organoclay. The permeability to water vapor was effective, especially for the sample of 1.5% of organoclay, where the reduction was of 43% lower than extruded PP. However, the permeation of O2 didn t present the same improvement for the nanocomposites studied in comparison to the water vapor permeation.