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Cores e seus significados no senso comum para apoiar a colaboração na aprendizagem via web : uma solução em forma de Padrões de Design Motivacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-24) Dias, Ana Luiza; Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6673911479799192
Collaborative learning supported by computers increases due to the tendency schools have to get assumed to digital inclusion in curriculum and to explore this potential as an alternative complementary to the traditional teaching methodology. According to this new practice the individual skills are valued and contribute to build up learning, which belongs to the group. However, it can be seen that learning through computing environment is not always effective because it can generate lack of motivation, little involvement and collaboration as there are limitations in computational proposals, which must always be seen as complementary to face interaction. It is always difficult to engage apprentices in learning activities in order to motivate them both to persist in challenging tasks and to value education, generally. In order to minimize the inequality of socioeconomic conditions and provide solutions that can consider cultural values of each learner involved in a collaborative task, this work shows the formalization of a Motivational Design Proto-Pattern Set based on colors and their cultural meanings built in common sense of the Brazilian. This set aims to support educational solution design to Web, which promotes collaboration, since colors may highlight important points, facilitate content reading and consequently, increase the satisfaction of use of computer resources and engagement of apprentice in their learning. The common sense used comes from the knowledge base of the Open Mind Common Sense Brazil Project (OMCS-Br) (http://www.sensocomum.ufscar.br). In order to validate this work, a Web collaborative educational environment has been modified changed applying on one of the formalized proto-patterns, and the environment was used in Vivência-Anglo S.S. Educational School in Itapira/SP, a partner in the LIA in the study of computer applications for childhood education, where was developed a case study. The results have pointed out the potential of color as a stimulus to motivation and learning, as well as the interest between educators and apprentices on Web collaborative educational environments, breaking the learning traditional paradigm, now with the computer support.
Uso de senso comum no apoio a jogos narrativos para crianças em idade escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-24) Silva, Marcos Alexandre Rose; Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3381517748983487
This research describes how common sense knowledge can help to define and to tell stories in narrative games. In order to evaluate this possibility, it has been developed a Web narrative game, called Contexteller, which allows educators to teach some skills that are part of the student s education and life, such as: ways to express themselves and to work in group. Nowadays, there are several educational challenges to teach some skills at school. For instance, educators can not easily find a tool or activity in order to help them to work collaboratively with their students. Therefore, this game allows educators, as co-authors, to create the story taking into account their goals, pedagogical approach and the student s cultural reality. Through the game, they can get some information related to the student s values, culture and knowledge, i.e., student s common sense. Then, teachers can use common vocabulary before and during the narrative, considering myths, beliefs and knowledge of the students´ group and, consequently, enabling them not only to identify but also to get interested in collaborate with the teacher and the other students to develop the story. In order to observe the use of this game in an educational environment and collect the opinion of target group a study case, described in this thesis, was performed at a school in Itapira/SP.
Histórico demográfico e filogeografia em populações brasileiras de Ardea alba egretta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-24) Corrêa, Thaís Camilo; Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7328514673394233
The present work studied populations of Ardea alba egretta (Great Egret) family Ardeidae (Aves), sampled from four Brazilian regions situated at different latitudes (Rio Grande do Sul, Pantanal, São Paulo and Amapá). Species-specific primers developed in this study allowed the sequencing of 194 individuals in the Domain I of mitochondrial DNA control region (fragment of 586 bp). Fifty-eight polymorphic sites were found, defining 74 haplotypes. Haplotype Hap9 was the most frequent and the majority of the remaining haplotypes occurred in low frequencies. Average nucleotide diversity was 0.006 and average haplotype diversity 0.908. Distribution of nucleotide diversity followed a descending order: Amapá> Pantanal> São Paulo> Rio Grande do Sul, and the differences between Amapá and the other populations were statistically significant. Results of AMOVA analysis indicated that there is genetic differentiation among populations of the four regions (Fct = 0.02145, p = 0.03324). Values of the pairwise F-statistics showed low genetic structuring among the colonies within each region, but significant structuring among the four regions. It was evident by the analysis of structuring that the genetic composition of Amapá is different from other regions. Significant differences revealed by the tests of Fu's Fs, Tajima's D, R2 and analyses of mismatch distribution, together with star-shaped haplotype networks, indicated signals of demographic expansion in the populations of Rio Grande do Sul and Pantanal. For the Amapá population only biases of Fu's Fs were significant and the curves of "mismatch distribution" can be explained by the unimodal standard distribution. The estimated time of expansion (τ) for Rio Grande do Sul population was 7,195 years before present, for Pantanal population was 32,009 and for Amapá population was 68,674. Obtained results are consistent with the hypothesis that the equatorial region likely was a refuge for populations of this species during the Pleistocene glaciations.
Sensibilização cruzada entre anfetamina e nicotina: avaliação neuroquímica do núcleo acumbens e córtex préfrontal em ratos adolescentes e adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-24) Carneiro de Oliveira, Paulo Eduardo; Planeta, Cleopatra da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2514762545280942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9776309560034777
Nicotine and psychostimulants are often abused in combination. Drug abuse often begins during adolescence. Exposure to drugs of abuse during adolescence can have long-term consequences. We have previously demonstrated that adolescent rats pretreated with amphetamine displayed behavioral sensitization to nicotine, which persisted until adulthood. Moreover, the pretreatment with nicotine during adolescence sensitized adolescent and adult animals to amphetamine-induced locomotor activation. In the present study we investigated whether the behavioral cross-sensitization between nicotine and amphetamine is related to changes in dopamine or serotonin neurotransmission. To this end adolescent rats (post-natal day 28) were treated with nicotine (0.4 mg/Kg), amphetamine (5.0 mg/Kg) or saline during seven days. Three or thirty days after the last injection animals received an acute injection of nicotine (0.4 mg/Kg), amphetamine (5.0 mg/Kg for adolescents or 1.0 mg/Kg for adults) or saline. Thirty minutes after challenge rats were sacrificed, decapitated and brains removed. Nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were dissected and prepared for HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis. Dopamine, DOPAC, HVA, serotonin and 5-HIAA were measured in these brain regions. Our results showed that: 1) repeated administration of nicotine attenuated the acute effect of amphetamine on NAcc dopamine levels of adolescent rats; 2) repeated administration of nicotine increased the acute effect of amphetamine on PFC dopamine levels of adolescent rats; 3) repeated administration of nicotine, during adolescence, increased the acute effect of amphetamine on PFC dopamine of adult rats. The behavioral cross-sensitization shown previously is not related to alterations in NAcc and PFC concentrations of neurotransmitters and its metabolites. However, neuroadaptations induced by repeated nicotine during adolescence endures until adulthood.
República Pau-Brasil : política e literatura no modernismo de Oswald de Andrade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-24) Bertelli, Giordano Barbin; Pellegrini, Tânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8423897663939012
This work aims to investigate the relationship between politics and literature in Oswald de Andrade s modernism, mainly through the reading of Manifesto da Poesia Pau- Brasil, Manifesto Antropófago and the poetry book Pau-Brasil. We have analyzed such relationships focusing on the junction between the literary and the political fields, and the integration of its logic and agents in the sociocultural diversity process related to coffee growing. We aim at clarifying the ambiguous aspects of complicity, collaboration and dissent that the propositions and achievements of Oswald s aesthetic presented, vis a vis the efforts of preparing an epic for São Paulo. Carried out by groups and leaders of Sao Paulo s literate elite, the épica bandeirante aims to building a sociosymbolic order, which would distinguish its hegemony and would neutralize the threats arising from the cultural otherness of social groups originated in the process of change that then crossed the social area of São Paulo. In this field of forces, the modernism of Oswald appears as a symbolic force fed social and subjectively of the conflicts that composed its conditions of emergency.