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Proposta participativa de redesenho agroecológico da microbacia do Córrego Três Barras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-28) Coletty, Carlos Eduardo; Stolf, Rubismar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5598396937740054
The exploration of the extensive livestock and of the coffee s monoculture, nowadays abandoned, associated with the abandonment of traditional cultures led to the degradation of the micro watershed of the Córrego Três Barras at the city of Jacutinga, south of Minas Gerais. For not get the culture of their lands sustenance local agricultural families seek for work in neighboring cities. This reality motivated the search for alternatives that can contribute to ambient, economic and social recovery in this region. The general goal of this work was to established, in a participatory manner, the bases in which this community can redraw their model of occupation through an adoption of agroecological concepts and practices. The specific goal was to indentify the potentialities and the critical aspects through the realization of a Rural Participatory Diagnosis DRP. This case study was made in the farm/site Três Barras, property that features the rural familiar agricultural of the others properties of this agroecosystem. The comprehension/understanding of this diagnosis allowed to the local social actors the beginning of a new development´s draw with the agroecological practices adoption.
Educação para a vigilância do desenvolvimento infantil: formação virtual e presencial para educadores de creche
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-28) Neófiti, Cíntia Cristina; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4802235453549037
The literature points out to the presence of biological and environmental risks for the child s development during their first years of life which could be influenced by factors present in several environments. In the national scenario, a day care center has been considered as one of the development contexts for being a place where they cohabit and interact, most of their time, with adults and their pairs. It is believed in this environment that there are early possibilities of risks, delays and deficiencies; the child s stimulation in the daily routine could be emphasized. In this sense, the importance of investments on the formation of educators in the perspective of having them as partners in the surveillance on the infant development foundation stands, therefore, in a preventable action in the field of Special Education. It is understood as surveillance all the activities related to the promotion of the normal development and to the detection of problems in the development. The study hereby aimed elaborating, implementing and evaluating a program of long distance capacitance to the day care center educators (Day care center educators development surveillance program Programa de Vigilância no Desenvolvimento para Educadores de Creche PROVIDEC) for the development of surveillance actions, in practice with babies. There were 47 municipal day care center educators of a medium-sized city from Sao Paulo state who composed the experimental group-EG and the control group-CG. The content of PROVIDEC considered the child development, risk factors and protection mechanisms, surveillance actions, the role of the educator at the day care center, stimulation opportunities in the day care center daily routine and health promotion. PROVIDEC counted on six virtual classes and with two present moments. This study was developed in three stages: preparation of fieldwork, invitation to the participants and composition of the groups; program elaboration; and, implementation and evaluation of the program by means of an experimental delimitation, with an experimental group and equivalent control, and, pre and post-test measures. It counted as well on pre and post-test instruments, characterization questionnaire from the participants, evaluation/perception questionnaire about the program, and the PROVIDEC. The use of those instruments demanded qualitative and quantitative seal analysis. From the results obtained, it is possible to note an increase on the repertoire of participants from the EG where it improves its answers at the moment of the post-test in 79 corporative items to the CG with only 8. From the qualitative point of view, the increase on the repertoire of the participants from the EG happen regarding the following themes related to the surveillance of development: the educator s attitudes at the moments where an abnormality or a risk for the child is noted, regarding the mechanisms of protection, to the marks of the Child Development and to the Risk Factors. Such results are discussed under the optics of the prevention actions in the field of Special Education. Future researches are suggested in the sense of the proposition of interface models among educators and basic health attention professionals to the development of surveillance operationalization actions.
Práticas ambientais nas etapas de geração de matériaprima e de produção em empresas paulistas processadoras de madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-28) Bernardo, Júlio Samuel Sávio; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
Wood processing companies can, potentially, generate environmental impacts such as wood, water, and energy consumption, and soil, air, water, and noise pollution. In order to conserve the environment, it is necessary that companies adopt environmental practices, i.e., practices for reducing or avoiding environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to analyze the environmental practices adopted by São Paulo state wood processing companies in the stages of generating and acquiring raw material and product production. The complementary objectives were: 1) investigate how the environmental practices adopted influence aspects of production and products attributes; 2) identify the tools used to support the environmental management; 3) identify the major motivating factors that led the adoption of the environmental practices. A qualitative study was carried out in 5 São Paulo state companies that produce wooden products for writing, cellulose and paper, or recycled corrugated fiberboard packaging. The research methodology adopted was case studies. Several interviews were conducted and documents were analyzed, among which are the Sustainability Reports, the Plan of Forest Handling, and other information disclosed on the companies websites. It can be said that the environmental practices adopted by the majority of the companies studied refer to the consumption of wood, water, and energy, and to the pollution of the soil, air, and water. These practices are examples of real solutions found by the companies, and can be the frame of reference for other wood processing companies. In order to improve the environmental performance, it is recommended that each company should evaluate the need and possibility of employing practices mentioned in the literature but that have not been adopted by any of them. Another recommendation is that the companies should improve some environmental practices they have already adopted. In most of the companies, the production cost was increased mainly due to the investments in machinery and equipment. In some companies the price of the final product was raised. Nevertheless, the acceptability of the products in the corporative national and/or international market was increased. The majority of the companies use internally developed tools to support the environmental management. It is recommended that the companies make an effort to attract external support for the continuous improving of the existing tools and also for the development of new tools. It could be concluded that the major motivating factors for the adoption of environmental practices are legislation, market regulation, and factors related to business competitiveness such as the improvement of the environmental image and the possibility of costs reduction.
Um modelo de visão computacional para identificação do estágio de maturação e injúrias no pós-colheita de bananas (Musa sapientum)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-09-28) Tezuka, Érika Sayuri; Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4759964900793721
This dissertation presents the development of a computer vision system for bananas (Musa sapientum) analysis in post-harvest stage based on digital image processing techniques. The development used considerations about image acquisition, pre-processing, identification based on texture, percentage of brown spots and injuries on the fruits and classification of its maturity levels. The validation has been developed considering geometric patterns generated in laboratory, as well as real fruits. With the texture map it was possible to identify the existence of brown spots or injuries in a specific region of the images. The assessment of the level of maturation was performed considering both human observers and the computer vision system. The average of identification level of maturity was equal to 50% for human observers and 100% for computer vision. The results show identification rates of 80.40% for brown spots on the single image of banana, 97.70% for brown spots on the images of bundle of bananas, 97.80% for injuries for the set of single image of banana, and 75.30% for hand injuries considering the images of bundle of bananas. Besides, the method presents application for quality assessing of fruits in the post-harvest procedures.