Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2009-10-16"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 20667

Estabelecimento de meios de cultura para o cultivo de Streptomyces isolados de sedimento marinho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-16)
Romano, Luis Henrique
;
Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0692713353762468
Microorganisms represent an important source for production of bioactive metabolites for diverse applications. The production of these substances is directly related to the culture medium associated with sources of carbon and nitrogen available. Thus this study aimed to establish an appropriate composition of culture media for growth of Streptomyces carpaticus, Streptomyces acrimycini and Streptomyces cebimarensis. These microorganisms were isolated from marine sediments that were preserved in cryovials stored at-80ºC. The species studied were grown on solid media ISP4, ISP5 and GYM and phenotypically characterized. It was observed that Streptomyces carpaticus developed uniformly in all culture media and presented production of pigment in Gym medium. Microorganisms were also grown in solid media (Gym, A1RDP, ISP4 and ISP5). It was observed that Gym is the best medium to promote the microorganism growth. The strains were grown in different concentrations on osmotic medium Gym and on minimal medium with different sources of carbon and nitrogen in crops with flasks. The three strains were grown in batch bioreactors using conventional Gym medium and it was obtained 4 g / L of cell mass of S. carpaticus and S. acrymicini and 6 g / L of cell mass of S. cebimarensis. It was observed the presence of substances with cytotoxic activity on the breeding grounds. Besides, it was observed that the three species probably present diauxic behavior. S. carpaticus consumed preferentially maltose, while other species used glucose first.
Estudo de efeitos quânticos em redes de junções Josephson SNS e SIS com composição Nb-CuxAlyOz-Nb através da indução de vórtices por conseqüência do tamanho de rede
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-16)
Rivera, Victor Anthony Garcia
;
Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4335695906660499
In this thesis we studied the quantum effects in networks of Josephson junctions under the induction of vortices and as a consequence of the size of the sample itself. For this, it also was carried out all the instrumentation required to achieve that goal. The superconducting devices known as Josephson junctions offer the opportunity to study a wide variety of concepts of basic physics, especially when they are in the form of twodimensional arrays called networks. In particular, these structures allow us to study quantum phenomena such as tunneling Josephson dc / ac, proximity effect, Coulomb blockade, quantum fluctuations and others like phase transition of Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT), all present in these devices. In particular, in this thesis we study two-dimensional networks of Josephson junctions of types SNS (superconductor-normal-superconductor) and SIS (superconductor-insulatorsuperconductor) with composition Nb -CuxAlyOz-Nb. The study of these samples was performed by obtaining the characteristic curves V × I with and without applied magnetic field. The analysis of these curves was performed by the law of power scale: ��for the SNS network, and ��/�� for the SIS networks. The fact th��at ��t��w��o types of formulas adjustment is due to the asymptotic behavior present in these samples. Moreover, the temperature of the BKT transition was determined for ��3. The analysis of the experimental obtained results clearly shows the dependence of quantum effects on the size of the samples studied.
A catequese colonial jesuítica na região do Itatim no século XVII
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-16)
Sousa, Neimar Machado de
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2521988816697732
Esta pesquisa es un estudio de las relaciones, contexto e influencias pedagógicas construidas desde el contacto de los misioneros y maestros jesuitas con los Itatín, durante el siglo XVII, en la Provincia de Itatín. Su objetivo es investigar los principios fundamentales de la educación jesuítica colonial entre los Itatín, relacionando catequesis, conversión y la ocupación española del territorio indígena que implicó en el establecimiento de negociación, establecidos desde el contacto indígena con los misioneros jesuitas, colonos, encomenderos españoles y esclavistas luso paulistas. El estudio está basado en los manuscritos de la Colección de Angelis, analizados desde la perspectiva étnica histórica, una especialización en la frontera de los estudios de historia social y económica aplicados a la Historia de la Educación. Los estudios de las relaciones sociales establecidas en el ámbito de la escuela en esta región abordan tradicionalmente el período reciente siendo pocos los análisis sobre el gran período jesuítico y colonial. Estos estudios enfatizan la comparación entre los colegios que se establecieron en el litoral luso-brasileño y tierras interiores de América española cuya tendencia es englobar las misiones de Itatín entre las reducciones de Paraguay sin enfatizar la participación de los indígenas en la construcción, negociación o negación de los proyectos coloniales, entre ellos el escolar. Además, no tratan el papel de la escuela en la destrucción de las identidades indígenas. Uno de los resultados alcanzados, relacionados más específicamente al oficio de la historia, es el cuidado metodológico en el trato con la actuación y las orientaciones pedagógicas de la Compañía, pues estas relaciones se produjeron en el tiempo cronológico colonial. El objetivo primero de estas reducciones fue cristianizar los rasgos indígenas que no pudiesen ser sustituidos, apagados o destruidos. Para cristianizar o civilizar, fue necesario un esfuerzo interpretativo para probar, basado en la tradición, la aptitud de los indígenas para aprender, o sea, la mayor interrogación fue: ¿Estos hombres son hombres, portadores del logos y con derecho al uso pleno de la palabra? A los colonizadores y conquistadores, parecía que solamente una parcialidad de la humanidad tenía esta capacidad y derecho, o sea, los colonizadores. La educación jesuítica en Itatín, colonial y occidental, fue un instrumento de alcance limitado, pero apropiado, a la medida de lo posible, por los Itatín para tener accesibilidad y tránsito por el mundo Blanco.
Caracterização e análise do patrimônio arbóreo da malha viária urbana central do município de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-22)
Sucomine, Nivia Maria
;
Sales, Almir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848798472640309
The road afforestation from the central urban area of São Carlos-SP was studied in order to know it and diagnose it in order to provide support for its maintenance and expansion. To this end, we performed a qualitative and quantitative assessment of tree cover, all its information and analysis developed and entered into a computerized database. We have found 103 different plant species in a total of 2626 individuals, 147 killed, 502 seedlings and 1977 adults. Schinus molle and Murraya paniculata were the most abundant species. For the diversity index and the average index of trees per kilometer of street obtained the values 3.18 and 26.73 respectively. The average diameter at breast height (DBH) was 21.4 cm; 55% of plants had height less than 5.40 m; 45% of the population is compound of native species and only 26 species are fructiferous. Small was the number of affected plants or plant injury, but more significant was the damage caused by the crown pruning irregular. 899 individuals were in conflict with one or more equipment around and 76% had little or no free space pavement. The results obtained it was concluded that this area has a high diversity floristic. In quantitative terms, this population was still very poor, but the overall situation of trees was satisfactory. It is recommended that an intensive program of planting of trees (with less abundant species) in the streets with the lowest level of individuals and another program for the maintenance and conservation of the stock already in place, pruning and expansion of free spaces on the sidewalks.
Jogos educativos sobre sustentabilidade na educação ambiental crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-23)
Rosa, Antonio Vitor
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9850367938243375
This study, which falls within the category of exploratory research, had the following aims: a) to identify the main elements of the educational approach of socio-environmental sustainability according to the Critical Environmental Education perspective; b) to review the state of the art of educational games related to Environmental Education; c) to identify the limits and possibilities for the design and use of educational games that approach the theme of sustainability in the Critical Environmental Education perspective. A set of stages and procedures were developed based on the multi-referentiality methodology, the main ones being: a) demarcation and contextualization of the terms Critical Environmental Education , games , and sustainability ; b) survey and discussion of researches that focus on educational games; c) survey of the main aspects considered important in educational processes dealing with sustainability; d) survey and characterization of the actual games designed for Environmental Education; e) survey and analysis of table games (educational or not) and identification of their mechanics and other features; f) formulation of four proposals for educational games; g) carrying out of pretest workshops for the games created; h) reflections linking the experiences of both the proposals and pretests with the theoretical references on educational games and Critical Environmental Education. It was possible to verify that the use of games has a great educational potential and offer several possible perspectives, themes, plots, types, and mechanisms. Furthermore, the fact that games can provide a parallel world, without limits for creativity and experience, converges to the purpose of discussing the development of sustainable societies. However, practically none of those aspects is explored by most of the existing games related to Environmental Education, which have a poor level of education contribution, lack critical references, and usually provide few opportunities for a significant socio-environmental learning experience. The surveys that were carried out indicate that there is little production and use of games in Environmental Education. One of the main difficulties for developing such games, especially the simulation ones, is the incompatibility between the enormous complexity of the concept of sustainability and the need for making choices and formulating models with extreme simplifications, which is in opposition to the goals of Critical Environmental Education. It was noted that it is very difficult to conciliate educational goals with playability while designing games that approach complex themes.
Estudo das micropropriedades de resíduos sólidos gerados nos decantadores de estações de tratamento de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-27)
Jacomassi, Fabio Evandro
;
Cordeiro, João Sergio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5507488363554508
The conventional or life-cycle system for water treatment (chemical coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, fluoridation and pH correction) employed in most water treatment plants (WTP) in Brazil turns water unfit for human consumption (spring water and surface water) into a product that is in accordance with the drinking water guidelines for distribution to the population. In this system, the waste generated in the decanters by the addition of chemical coagulants has been termed WTP sludge . This material consists of solid phase and liquid phase (this latter divided into distinct fractions), and free water may represent a considerable portion of it, depending on the cleaning of the sedimentation tanks. The natural removal of free water from WTPs can be performed by natural systems to reduce volume, in which task the drainage beds play a key role. This work studied the microcomponents of solid waste generated in the WTP decanters of 03 cities in the state of Sao Paulo which use distinct types of chemical coagulants. The samples passed through a drying process and subsequent laboratory analysis. In light of the results, suitable strategies for either disposal or reuse of the waste were considered. It was concluded that sludge from sources 1 and 3 have potential for reuse in ceramics, because they have high contents of Al and Si. On the other hand, sludge 2 may be used in red ceramics (due to the high percentage of Iron).
Uma infra-estrutura computacional para o gerenciamento de programas de ensino individualizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-27)
Orlando, Alex Fernando
;
Teixeira, Cesar Augusto Camillo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1123376648713853
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6460890766229353
Difficulties in learning how to read and write might bring serious jeopardy to students progression in school. Researches focusing teaching methods for individualized application, based on the paradigm of stimulus equivalence, show that it is possible to significantly improve learning of reading and other skills Although they present good results, these methods have limited range, because the presence of a tutor is not always possible or economically viable. Besides, authoring and management of learning programs based on these methods are complex and demand training of tutors and specialists. Some results have already been reached concerning to informatization, though the solutions presented offer little flexibility, since they focus on teaching topics that are either too specific or too broad, which requires complementary effort for its effective usage. This dissertation explores and evaluates software engineering and distributed computing techniques in an attempt to find a solution that might diminish costs involved in the creation, application and management of individualized programs, besides allowing large scale diffusion of teaching through these methods. A software infrastructure that allows these objectives is proposed, composed by an architecture, modules to perform specific tasks, and recommendations on some patterns of architecture, project and interface in order to help the development or adaptation of new modules. In order to maximize the installed base of the developed modules and also to benefit a larger number of students, the solution promotes interoperability of Web applications, mobile devices and interactive digital television. Aiming the validation of the proposed infrastructure and also to offer an operational codification to the problem of computerized individualized learning, a modular system named GEIC was developed and deployed, being used by researchers of several universities. Despite the initial motivation of this work to offer an infrastructure for the creation of systems specific for teaching reading and writing, the solution proposed here is very broad in scope and supports other domains and learning paradigms.
Educação ambiental não-formal : a práxis coletiva dos pescadores artesanais no rio Paraguai Cáceres/Mato Grosso/Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-28)
Bezerra, Darci Ordonio dos Santos
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3723687814703034
Cáceres is situated to the left edge of High Paraguai river, in the Region Center-West, Brazil, possessing co-ordinated: south latitude (16º 11' 42' ') e longitude west (57º 40' 51' ') with altitude of 118 meters above sea level. This research was carried through with the objective to know the perception of the professional fishing of the Z-2 Colony with regard to the ambient functions, potentialities and to the impacts of the Paraguay river throughout the urban perimeter of the city of Cáceres/MT, in order to become possible the participation of all the involved ones in activities of Environmental Education, aiming at the environment conservation and the improvement of quality of life in the daily one of these people. Fishing has great importance for the Cáceres population, therefore it is the economic base for many families of low income who use waters of High Paraguai river, vestibule of the Pantanal Weed. The used methodological procedures for the collection of data had been documentary analysis, participant comment, informal dialogues, interviews, works of field, application of questionnaires, accomplishment of workshops, dynamic of group, lectures, systematization and interpretation of data. As results, we concluded that the professional fishing have faced a series of problems generated for fish predatory, for the deforestation and the tourism not guided, inconsequence practical that come causing difficulties in the supply fishing boat (amount) and in the biodiversity of ictiofauna (species) throughout the time, beyond social environmental impacts in the Paraguai river, as exclusion of the professionals of fishes, sanding up and erosion of the edges. Many of them point the polluting activities and predatory, they are conscientious that they can help the environment agencies and present suggestions for the questions of professional and sportive´s fishes. From the identification of the collective problems that face and the interpretation of the perception that they possess on such questions, it was possible to carry through practical of Environmental Education, taking in consideration the open and critical dialogue. It was evidenced that the environment management of Cáceres applied to the Paraguai river is not adjusted, lacking a rigorous fiscalization for it fishes predatory and bigger opening for the participation of the professional fishing in the public administration.
Contribuições ao estudo da fluidodinâmica e da secagem de pastas em leitos fluidizado e vibrofluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30)
Meili, Lucas
;
Freire, José Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3802018064427795
The aim of this study was to analyze the fluid dynamic of the fluidized and vibrofluidized beds with particles with diameter under 1.00 mm, and also to analyze the fluid dynamic behavior of wet beds and the drying of different liquids and suspensions during the transient drying period. The purpose of these tests is to obtain relevant information about the influence of vibration and also to investigate some issues related to the dimensionless vibration number (Γ), which has been used and understood in a controversial way by the scientific community. The fluid dynamic and drying experiments were conducted in a fluidized/vibrofluidizad column with diameter equal 0.014 m and high 0.50 m. The analysis of fluid dynamic was performed with particles of 463 and 780 μm, under different vibrational conditions. Drying and wet fluid dynamic experiments were carried out with particles of 2.19 mm, with the following liquids and pastes: distilled water, sewage sludge, skim milk and calcium carbonate solutions with solid concentration of 3%, 6% and 9%.. Drying essays were conducted at different paste feed rates and under air velocity equal to1.33 and 1.55 m / s, and temperatures of 80 and 100 ° C. Two vibration conditions yielding a constant vibration number (Г = 4.0) were tested: one with A = 0.003 m and f = 18.20 Hz and other with A = 0.015 m and f = 8.14 Hz. In fluid dynamic tests with particles of dp< 1.00 mm, the characteristic curves were obtained from the classical methodology were analyzed aiming at identifying the influence of the particle size and vibrational on the pressure drop and minimum fludization velocities. For the wet beds was evaluated the dynamic behavior of dimensionless pressure drop and dimensionless air inlet velocity, while in drying experimens the behavior of air relative humidity, absolute humidity, powder production rate, powder moisture content and energy efficiency was assessed. The results obtained show that the use of vibration together with fluidized air may result in significant improvement of the bed dynamics, thus enhancing the drying conditions. They evidenced also that the use of different combinations of frequency and amplitude values to yield a same vibration number may result in very different dynamic behavior in vibrofluidized beds. As a consequence, variables associated to drying such as air relative and absolute humidity, powder production rate and energy efficiency were affected by vibration conditions. To fully characterize the vibration conditions, the value of Г should be informed together with either the amplitude or frequency of vibration.
Desenvolvimento profissional de formadores em exercício: contribuições de um programa online
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30)
Rinaldi, Renata Portela
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
This research tries to understand the contributions of an online continuous formation Program, aiming at the professional development of formers working with basic education, supported by the theoretic-methodological reference of professional practice epistemology and distance education. Thematics such as teachers formation and distance education were examined, more specifically the online education , for considering the distance education strategy, linked to information and communication technologies (ICT), a way to conceive new opportunities for the professional development, viewing school as the formation process center references were form Shulman, 1986, 1987; Pérez Gómez, 1989; Zeichner, 1993, 2008; Knowles and Cole, 1995; Tardif, 2000, 2002; Prado and Valente, 2002; Almeida, 2003, 2005; Mizukami et al, 2003; Moran, 2003; Vaillant, 2003; Schlemmer, 2005; Vaillant and Marcelo, 2006; Hunt, 2008. The methodology used was based on the constructive collaborative pattern of research-intervention, [Cole and Knowles, 1993; Mizukami et al, 2003] linked to qualitative research theoretical matrix [Bogdan and Bicklen, 1994; Lüdke and André, 1986]. The intervention research was characterized by an online professional development Program, in the digital learning environment of the UFSCar Teachers Portal, with the participation of sixteen formers working with basic education and two researches acting as the Program mediators. The analyses were draw out from the formers reports in varied activities, such as debates occurred throughout the formative processes, private messages (mail) and testimonies that produced the formers reflexive memorial at the end of the Program. The results try to clear up aspects related to the work configuration during time spent in the learning digital situation, indicating different moments by which formers passed by in this professional development process and through the building-up of confidence relation ships, when doubts, anguishes, fears, certitudes and convictions that orientate their practices start to be explicit collectively, offering the opportunity of thinking in and about the practice from a sharing glance, allowing then the no-knowing explicit and the possibility of negotiating and explicit senses to become a former in basic education. Such dynamics happened because of the researchers continuous presence, which helped to approximate formers and to create affective bonds, which assume in the digital context a more complex dimension, related to subjective questions, due to thought expression and communication based on writing. Besides, results showed traces of how the formers knowledge changed during the process, from the concepts they have about their profession and the meaning of being a former, and relationships set up with the school partners, the theoretical discussions about how to teach teachers to teach, the possibilities of keeping on learning despite the adversities of their profession and the function/charge they occupy. Therein, it is possible to understand this researchintervention as an investigation that passes through the formation universe of online education and professional practice, that bring together results that amplify the debate about how elaborate continued formation processes in apprenticeship digital contexts, having the school as its center. In placing the basic education formers as the focus of the study, this research also came across results that enlarge the rare existing reflections about teachers formers, mainly because are being focused the basic education professionals, which also offer outpoints for debates and new researches interested in increasing knowledge in this promising investigative front.
Geração genética de classificador fuzzy intervalar do tipo-2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30)
Pimenta, Adinovam Henriques de Macedo
;
Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8400272358305102
The objective of this work is to study, expand and evaluate the use of interval type-2 fuzzy sets in the knowledge representation for fuzzy inference systems, specifically for fuzzy classifiers, as well as its automatic generation form data sets, by means of genetic algorithms. This work investigates the use of such sets focussing the issue of balance between the cost addition in representation and the gains in interpretability and accuracy, both deriving from the representation and processing complexity of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. With this intent, an evolutionary model composed of three stages was proposed and implemented. In the first stage the rule base is generated, in the second stage the data base is optimized and finally, the number of rules of the rule base obtained is optimized in the third stage. The model developed was evaluated using several benchmark data sets and the results obtained were compared with two other fuzzy classifiers, being one of them generated by the same model using type-1 fuzzy sets and the other one generated by the Wang&Mendel method. Statistical methods usually applied for comparisons in similar contexts demonstrated a significant improvement in the classification rates of the intervalar type-2 fuzzy set classifier generated by the proposed model, with relation to the other methods.
Estudos do crescimento anódico de óxidos e da deposição de apatitas sobre a liga biocompatível Ti-13Nb-13Zr
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-10-30)
Tossato, Laís Tereza Duarte
;
Biaggio, Sonia Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
Studies on the anodic growth of oxide films passivating the biocompatible alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr (m/m) and the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) films on these oxides were carried out in this work. The oxides were grown either potentiodynamically up to 8 V (vs. SCE) or by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in phosphate buffer electrolyte of pH 5 at room temperature, in order to obtain both compact thin films and porous thick films, respectively. The bioactive films of HA were formed by electrochemical deposition using catodic current density, in solutions containing salts of Ca and P, and by biomimetic method in solutions simulating physiological fluid. The metal/oxide and metal/oxide/HA electrodes were submitted to stability tests as a function of the immersion time in an electrolyte simulating the physiological medium as the PBS solution. The electrochemical parameters of the anodic oxides, with and without the HA films, were analysed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at constant time intervals during the immersion in PBS solution. Analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dispersive energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray difractometry were also performed for all electrodes for morphological, compositional and structural characterization of the oxide films/HA before and after the immersion time in PBS solution. The results also revealed that the oxides formed by MAO is the more corrosion resistant in a chloride-containing medium, the HA coating obtained by electrodeposition presents higher corrosion resistance when formed on the compact oxide, and the oxide obtained by MAO presents higher corrosion resistance when the apatite coating is obtained by the biomimetic method.
Estudo eco-hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica Mariana, afluente do Rio Taxidermista, Alta Floresta - MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-05)
Umetsu, Ricardo Keichi
;
Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2602242541769497
This study aimed to describe the hydro-ecological aspects of Mariana Hydrographic Basin, tributary of the river Taxidermista, Alta Floresta, MT, Brazil. Therefore, studies were performed on the morphometry of the basin; land use; floristic, vegetation structure and correlation with the distribution of tree species and soils of the riparian forest; dynamics of runoff; water physical-chemical aspects; and socio-economy aspects. These results indicate the strong structural drainage control of basin, however the current land use, dominated by cattle farm and deforestation, contribute to erosion. Furthermore, the riparian vegetation is in secondary successional stage probably due to preterit human disturbance. Soil and tree species correlation showed soil texture as attribute greater importance in the distribution of plant groups. The dynamics of runoff showed a low capacity of water storage basin. The water physical-chemical aspects results were directly related to the land use, and the parameters Color, Turbidity and Total Phosphorus presented themselves as the most suitable for monitoring water quality and environmental degradation. The basin is occupied by colonos from the process of private colonization occurred in the mid 1970 s and is predominated by small farms, many over-used, the average monthly income is directly related to its size. The failure of agriculture established at the time of colonization conditioned the uncontrolled deforestation for pasture and, since then, extensive cattle farming is predominant. Thus, the current land use, and the settlement historical processes of the region caused important environmental changes that are directly related to basin s sustainability, especially those related to water shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to implement recuperation and restructuring degraded areas program and the strengthening of family agriculture, aiming to economic and environmental sustainability.
Italianos em formação. (São Carlos, 1882-1914)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-09)
Mazutti, Silvia Maria
;
Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9891202671157305
This work aimed to study the way the Italians interacted among themselves and between the various ethnic groups that inhabited the city of São Carlos between the ages 1882 to 1914. For this, criminal proceedings were used and those involving immigrants from regions: southern, central and northern Italy in conflict situations. Through analysis of criminal cases is noted as was the daily life of these immigrants, the interaction between them and the relations of conflict between the various ethnic groups also lived in the municipality of Sao Carlos. This study aimed to examine how the relations were between this Italians one another and how their differences were dissipated over the years, thus forming an identity: the Italian identity. And how this Italians integrated into the society of Sao Carlos over the years.
Processamento e caracterização de mantas de nanofibras eletrofiadas e orientadas de Poli(fluoreto de vinilideno)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-10)
Costa, Ligia Maria Manzine
;
Gregório Filho, Rinaldo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5968244801228229
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1886281098171035
In this work was developed a collector to process aligned uniaxially nanofibers mats and with low dimensions suitable for applications such as sensor or transducer. Such nanofibers mats may have applications where control of the orientation of these fibers is important, as membrane filtration, sensors, electrolytes for batteries, electronic or photonic devices, etc. Initially it was determined the minimum concentration of the solution of PVDF/DMF and a mixture of DMF/acetone that limits the processes of electrospray and electrospinning. It was found that in both cases phase formation can not be attributed to the stretch suffered by the polymer during electrospinning. With the introduction of a circular collector of up to 5000 rpm was possible process aligned uniaxially PVDF-nanofibers mats. We changed the processing conditions resulting in randomly oriented fibers, homogeneous and without defects and collector speed resulting in aligned nanofibers mats as molecular alignment of polymer. FTIR, DSC and SEM were used to determine the crystalline phase, molecular orientation, percent crystallinity and morphology of the fibers. The hysteresis curve of aligned nanofibers mats was determined with remanent polarization and coercive field . It was found that the coercive field of nanofibers mats is much smaller than PVDF-samples obtained of stretch PVDF-samples . The dielectric properties (permittivity and loss rate) of nanofibers mats were also obtained and compared with those for PVDFfilms produced with other techniques.
Poder local e Organizações Não-Governamentais (ONGS) no Nordeste brasileiro : o caso de Lagoa Seca, PB (1994 a 2006)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-11)
Campos, Nivalda Aparecida
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9571225340239118
This research focuses on the way local institutional political power relates to new institutional actors, especially non governmental organizations (NGOs), in a northeastern town in the state of Paraiba, between 1994 and 2006. We analyzed the relationship between the social actors, who represent a new model of state administration also known as non-state public sector on one side, and political leaderships on the other side, in a given region in the country, many times far from large decision-making centers not only in geographical aspects but also in terms of relevant social-indicators, and that allows us to realize the socioeconomic aspects of the composition and organization of the social space.The evidence of conflict between NGOs and local political power attracted attention and led to this research which takes into consideration that one of the questions that permeates the performance of both parties, though in a distinguished manner, is the approach to droughts, an issue historically addressed by the State.
Estudos da ontogenia e da alimentação inicial de larvas de peixes, com ênfase em dourado Salminus brasiliensis (Characiformes, Characidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-12)
Mai, Mônica Giacometti
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0652902246835071
Samples were carried out on embryos and larvae of dourado Salminus brasiliensis from 6 hours after fertilization (haf) until the 17th day after fertilization (daf) in order to study the development of sensory system, by scanning electron microscopy, and on the structural and functional development of digestive tract by histological and histochemical analysis. From the sensory system were studied: the development of the eyes, the olfactory organ, the cephalic mechanoreceptors and the lateral line mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors (taste buds). It was observed that the eyes and the nostrils develop very early (from 18 haf), followed by the cephalic mechanoreceptors and by the mechanoreceptors of the principal and secondary lateral line (48 haf). These types of senses are probably the most used for feeding during this initial phase. The taste buds showed a later development compared to the other sensorial structures cited, and were first observed sparsely distributed along the bucopharynx at 8 daf. The morphological development of the digestive system was described based on histological slides and its functionality was analyzed by histochemical staining. At 18 haf, the gut was observed dorsally to the yolk-sac. At this phase were also observed a group of cells that would form the liver and the pancreas. At 24 haf were verified the formation of oesophagus and the future orobranchial, which were characterized as mouth and pharynx at 48 haf. The oesophagus and the oesophagic sphincter were also defined and the gut remains as a straight tube at 48 haf. The rectum, ileo-rectal valve and anus were already present, as well as the liver and pancreas were differentiated, characterized by the hepatic cells and pancreatic acini, respectively. Teeth were observed at 72 haf, and folds were seen in the rectum epithelium. Between 96 and 120 haf the liver and pancreas showed complete development. In the same time, folds appeared and increased in number on the mucosal wall of the entire intestine. From the 8º daf, the digestive system was completely developed, possibly able to absorb the nutrients of a formulated diet. Experiments were also conducted in order to evaluate different feeds for weaning the dourado larvae from live feed onto inert diet, aiming at to reduce the costs during the larviculture. The treatment using piau Leporinus obtusidens as prey promoted the higher survival rates compared to the others. Bovine s heart and frozen artemia biomass induced to the worst performances in both co-feeding regime and in abrupt regime. Artemia used as live feed in both XIII regimes, and even inert diet offered directly, produced very low survival results along 17 days of trial, but at in a short term, could allow some growth. Therefore, an ideal diet was not identified to dourado, specially concerning to inert diet amount offered that avoid high concentrations of ammonium as the same time that reaches the nutritional requirements, being also attracting to these fish during the larviculture phase. A last experiment of this thesis is related to techniques for radioactive labeling of food with C14, used for monitoring the effects of early introduction of inert diet in lipid digestibility and metabolism of sole Solea senegalensis. Larval feed intake, growth and survival were also monitored in larva reared on a standard live feed regime (ST) and co-feeding regime with inert diet (Art R). Trials using sole larvae fed with Artemia enriched with two different lipid emulsions, containing glycerol tri [1-14C] oleate (TAG) and L-3-phosphatidylcholine-1,2-di-[1-14C] oleoyl (PL), were performed at 9 and 17 days after hatching (DAH) to study lipid utilization. Co-feeding did not affect sole survival rates (ST 59.1±15.9%; Art R 69.56±9.3%), but was reflected in significantly smaller final weight at 16 DAH (ST 0.71±0.20; Art R 0.48± 0.14 mg). Higher feed intake was observed in sole larvae fed on Artemia enriched with labeled PL at 9 DAH but not at 17 DAH. At 17 DAH, the smaller larvae (Art R treatment) ingested proportionally more Artemia in weight percentage, independently of enrichment. At 9 DAH lipid digestibility was equal among treatments and higher than 90%, while at 17 DAH it was higher in ST treatment (around 73%) compared to the Art R group (around 66%). Lipid retention efficiency at 9 DAH was higher in the Art R treatment, reaching values of 50%, while these values almost duplicated at 17 DAH, ranging up to 80% in both treatments without significant differences. These results show that co-feeding of live feed and inert diet from first-feeding in Senegalese sole has a toll in terms of growth and lipid digestibility but does not seem to compromise lipid metabolic utilization.
Peixes de costão rochoso: Reserva Biológica Marinha do Arvoredo (Brasil) e arquipélago dos Açores (Portugal)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-12)
Andrade, Áthila Bertoncini
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192715307458262
The success of a Marine Protected Area relies strongly on how well they meet their management goals. The Arvoredo Marine Biological Reserve (AMBR) lies in the southernmost limit of reef fishes occurrence in the Southwestern Atlantic. An updated checklist of shallow coastal fish species of the AMBR archipelago, with 15 new records is presented with comments on rare and threatened species. A total of 203 species belonging to 133 genera and 68 families and 17 orders was observed during the four-year monitoring the rocky reef fish in areas inside and outside the AMBR, through underwater visual censuses. The richest families were Carangidae, Serranidae, Labridae, Scaridae and Gobiidae. All comparisons significantly favoured communities inside the AMBR, except for diversity that was not significantly different. Haemulon aurolineatum was the most abundant species in all six sites, being Stegastes fuscus the most frequent. Invertebrate feeders dominated the areas, followed by omnivores in relative abundance. The analysis of how selected target species benefit from the protection effect did not show a clear pattern of significant increases in abundances along the sampled years. The same methodology was applied to investigate the community structure of shallow rocky reef fish fauna of the Azores Archipelago. A total of 52 fish species from 26 different families was observed. Trophic categories are given for observed species with comments on distribution and densities along sampled depth strata. Sparidae, Labridae and Carangidae were the most speciose families, being Diplodus sargus, Pagellus acarne and Coris julis, the most abundant species that consequently also accounted to the highest densities. Mean densities along sampled strata were tested for significant differences. Cleaning interactions among the rainbow wrasse Coris julis and the azorean blue wrasse Centrolabrus caeruleus are presented, as well as, comments on the exotic species Diplodus vulgaris, observed foraging among schools of small sized Labrids. In the case of AMBR, while surveillance of poaching, development and implementation of long-term educational programs, as well as, efforts to improve enforcement do not overcome the status of minimal, the AMBR will continue far from completing its fundamental objectives of protecting the rich ecosystem it shelters.
Da terra ao prato: um estudo das práticas de autoconsumo em um assentamento rural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-12)
Duval, Henrique Carmona
;
Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161606146208875
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127516712972199
I ssues surrounding food production within the family agriculture system, where they grow their own food for self-consumption, are being focused by the academic reflection of Social Sciences as well as across all levels of government. This production system is strongly associated with the process of social reproduction but its evaluation, beyond the economic dimension, remains unclear. This research seeks to develop a qualitative sociological investigation on the food production for self-consumption among rural families settled in Monte Alegre farm, in the region of Araraquara, State of São Paulo. It was carried out an integrated analysis on the agricultural systems used in farming and growing food, involving family labor, and eventually, the dish of food of the settled families. Such analysis also included the fight for land and the autonomy as human being, the non-forced labor and family cohesion and the material and symbolic dimensions of social life. In order to collect data, a semi-structured questionnaire was completed headed to the main work assumptions; moreover it was applied methodological procedures, such as journeys and direct observation, daily field record, collection of menus, drawings, inventories, and also the photo-documentation of the lands. The records collected from the families indicate that, after a period where they had suffered expropriation of their territories, occurred by the agricultural modernization, the fight for land and the productive farming establishment in the land granted them another opportunity to grow their own food, reproducing techniques, landscapes and menus from a remaining memory of the agricultural life they experienced before the mentioned expropriation. The settled families recommence producing by their own efforts, supported on traditional agriculture practices, and the result is that growing food turned into provisions allowed them to recover the aspects of their social identity as food growers and producers, however, in a new social status. It can be concluded that employing such practices, it is possible to change the relations between family and land, which can be seen as a primary source of nutrients, as well as they allow experiments around sustainable agriculture, providing an assorted food basket that meets family s tastes and preferences, assuring food safety and guaranteeing the rights to food sovereignty.
Sublimação, pulsão de morte, superego: o papel das teses freudianas sobre a cultura na elaboração das concepções metapsicológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-12)
Nakasu, Maria Vilela Pinto
;
Simanke, Richard Theisen
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5431145327759147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0598889377212311
Considering that Freudian reflection about culture belongs entirely to the field of psychoanalytic investigation, as do neurosis or the facts of normal individual psychism, this work intends to verify how such reflection points out to the formulation and consolidation of metapsychologic notions. In order to do so, we will focus on sublimation, death pulsion and superego concepts, once they are crucial concepts of solidarity among these two reflections: metapsychology and theory of culture. In the same way, we aim at contributing to a more precise outlining of metapsychology meaning.