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O problema da agência moral e política na filosofia de David Hume
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-29)
Rodrigues, Cláudio Eduardo
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6818724610993301
This thesis analyzes and discusses the ideas of passion, reason, consenting, promise, and political obedience aiming to verify how they can found on a defense of morals and politics in David Hume s philosophy. From the rational view, Hobbes and Locke postulate that the institution and legitimating of political associations or of the State stem from people s liberty and interest in giving in to the other s power; from the making of agreements or deals related to the association or submission; and from the explicit promise of adhesion and obedience to the established government. From the human behavior observation and historical perspectives, Hume states that government s origin and legitimating don t rely on contracts and explicit promises of submission since political societies established through usurpation and conquering demand the same obedience and submission from people as other states do. Such a debate with contractualists reveals three problems in Hume s political philosophy: the passive and tacit character of political obedience to the usurped and conquered governs; the compatibility between the idea of spontaneity liberty or free action and the submission imposed by governments established through strength and violence; and the existence and operation of political and moral agents able to determine themselves in circumstances of social and political restraint. As a hypothesis of solution for such problems, one considers that morals and politics in Hume s philosophy can be established by taking human nature principles as the creative principle of all institutions and sciences. Therefore, one needs to verify the role reason and passions play in the determination of human behavior and constitution of the State; to distinguish the debate on the government origin from the debate on its legitimacy, so that to analyze the psychological principles which make people to accept being governed; to examine the general promise foundations, so that to note the motivations for the agreements fulfillment; and to investigate the obedience and legitimating principles in political societies.
Modelo de mistura com número de componentes desconhecido: estimação via método split-merge
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-30)
Saraiva, Erlandson Ferreira
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
We propose the split-merge MCMC and birth-split-merge MCMC algorithms to analyse mixture models with an unknown number of components. The strategy for splitting is based on data and posterior distribution. Allocation probabilities are calculated based on component parameters which are generated from the posterior distribution given the previously allocated observations. The split-merge proposals are developed to be reversible and are accepted according to Metropolis-Hastings probability. This procedure makes possible a greater change in configuration of latent variables, in a single iteration of algorithms, allow a major exploration of clusters and avoid possible local modes. As an advantage, our approach determines a quick split proposal in contrary to former split procedures which require substantial computational effort. In the birth-split-merge MCMC algorithm, the birth movement is obtained directly from the procedure to update the latent variables and occurs when an observation determine a new cluster. The performance of the method is verified using artificial data sets and two real data sets. The first real data set consist of benchmark data of velocities from distant galaxies diverging from our own while the second is Escherichia Coli bacterium gene expression data.
Sistemas de apoio à decisão em grupo multicritério : uma abordagem baseada em regras fuzzy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-30)
Santos, Fábio José Justo dos
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2020262358450007
The use of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets theory applied to decision making process was initially proposed by Bellman and Zadeh (1970). Since then, the arisen of unstructured problems associated with multi-criteria characteristics and group decision making changed the way of dealing with these problems. The evolution of Decision Support Systems (DSS) allowed them, not only to provide data and information, but also to propose solutions to these problems. The goal of this work is to present a framework for the development of DSS that deal with Multi-Criteria Group Decision Making (MCGDM) problems through fuzzy rules. In this approach, we propose a method capable of automatically generating a Fuzzy Rule Base with multi-criteria characteristics for group decision making, that is, different influence degrees for each decider and different importance degrees assigned to each variable are considered in the model. This framework also contains a structural model of a Fuzzy System for Group Decision Support aiming at adding DSS characteristics found in literature to Fuzzy Systems. These characteristics include user/system interactivity and Model Management Subsystem (MMS) described in this work. Finally, a case study designed to validate the model is presented.
Avaliação de desempenho de elementos de lajes alveolares protendidas pré-fabricadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-11-30)
Costa, Olívia Oliveira da
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
Prestressed precast concrete hollow core slabs used as floor is becoming increasingly current in Brazil. Being quickly assembled and with competitive price, this solution provides an efficient section given by the reduction of self-weight through the use of cores, but also by the possibility of reducing the height of the slab due to the application of pre-tension. In Brazil, the NBR-9062: 2006 which deals with precast concrete structures does not provide specific criteria for hollow core slabs. Meanwhile the NBR-14861: 2002 is specific to precast hollow core slabs, but only deals with general aspects of the product. In revision process since 2008, the new version of the NBR-14861 should provide both design criteria, and procedures for performance assessment and quality control to the product. In this context, the aim of this research was to investigate test procedures for performance assessment of hollow core slabs, based on international literature reference, in which are found in the bulletins of the FIB (CEB-FIP) and the European standard EN-1168: 2005, which sought to present recommendations for possible adjustments and application of these procedures for the Brazilian reality. In this study, experimental methodologies are discussed for three different purposes: a) research testing; b) product performance assessment, c) quality control tests for slab elements. Additionally, it is shown examples of these procedures based on the results of an experimental program conducted by NETRE-UFSCar, in a technological partnership between hollow core slabs manufacturers affiliated with the Brazilian precast concrete association ABCIC. Results from shear and bending tests are shown, where it was evaluated elements of slabs without cover, with cover, and non-filled cores. Additionally, these results were validated based in a comparison between results obtained from theoretical models. As the standardization of testing procedures, it was found that the testing procedure for shear is appropriate to evaluate slabs produced in Brazil. However, the procedure recommended for bending tests, with the use of short elements of slabs, was inadequate due to the great interaction between mechanisms of bending and shear. From experimental validation, it is recommended a minimum ratio between the length and height of the slab to ensure that the critical mechanism occurs by bending.
Letramento e identidade: a apropriação de gêneros argumentativos na escola com a mediação do livro didático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-02)
Gomes, Glaucia Regina
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742553254564339
Our research proposal has as its main issue the identity transformation of the student from the appropriation of certain kinds of speech in school. According to Meurer (2005), is through the genres that the subject establishes his identity, as it appropriates different discourses. The PCN (national curriculum) Portuguese Language (Brasil, 1997) points to the importance of addressing the genres that characterize the public uses of language, in which the student is projected in social practices, thus establishing its identity, toward autonomy. However, we observed through the teaching practice, students mostly do not have sufficient knowledge and experience about the social practices of literacy (Kleiman, 2007), which involve certain genres. For Bakhtin (2000), the genders are relatively stable types of utterances that are linked to typical situations of the media. In line with the concept of Bakhtin, Schneuwly (2004) considers gender as a tool, which the subject is used to appropriate the language in this social reality. However, education fails because the student does not see the sense in the production of speech based on models that are not linked to their social practice and therefore do not express their identity. We developed a qualitative and interpretive in a private school education of the city of São Carlos, with students from a class of seventh grade. Ascertain the difficulty in the production of argumentative texts, because the student is not identified in the production of these and, therefore, finds it difficult to grasp them. Based on these findings, we analyzed the data, based on some theoretical aspects of online research Fairclough (2003) which implies certain notions of ideology and power of different conceptions of identity (Hall, 2005) and new literacies Gee (2004). Thus, our work aims to contribute reflections on the teaching and learning of the language and the pedagogical exploitation of genres for the development of new teaching methodologies. Therefore, we will discuss genres as instruments whose appropriation by the subject allows for the transformation, construction and constitution of its identity.
Limites e desafios para objetivação da pedagogia histórico-crítica na prática escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-02)
Magalhães, Carlos Henrique Ferreira
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Silva Junior, João dos Reis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2945866267836763
The present research aimed at identifying the challenges faced by the municipal teachers of Sarandi (Paraná State) on the objectivization of the Historical-Critical Pedagogy for the Municipal General Office of Education from 2001 to 2008. To guide the research we had as general objective: to analyze the limits and challenges of objectivization of the school practice in the current routine based on the Historical-Critical Pedagogy. Based on documents, on meetings observations in the Municipal General Office of Education and in the investigated school, after participation on the VII Education Meeting and the interviews accomplished with the teachers in the school as well as with the Municipal Secretary of Education and their assistants, with the study of a national, state, and municipal history of the economy-politics, we understood that the founding aspect of the social being, his/her work built historically in the past acts in the present time as a ghost. The economical and extra-economical aspects continually and contradictorily take action in the formation of a social human being. The precarious conditions of the teachers initial and continuous formation, the organization of the school practice with neo- new school characteristics in previous administrations, the absence of factual conditions in the present time for the development of an emancipative school practice, the idealistic thinking regarding the State, the alienated work and the capital, among other facts, correspond to the multiple determinations that challenge the objectivization of an emancipative school practice or the Historical-Critical Pedagogy, in the current history, as a fight of classes. We concluded that the impediments for the objectivization of the Historical-Critical Pedagogy are in the objective conditions of the quotidian, promoted by the current capitalist sociability, as well as in the subjective conditions of estrangement of the faculty and members of the Municipal General Office of Education in relation to themselves, in relation to others and in relation to the reality. We understood that it urges to the faculty the need to seek their development as a human being, along with other extra-parliamentary movements in the organization of a radical politics. Thus, eventually, we may think about aiming at an emancipative school practice to struggle against the current prehistory on behalf of a history of men freely associated.
Estrutura e funcionamento de um riacho costeiro de Floresta Atlântica: avaliação física, química e da composição da ictiofauna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-04)
Guimarães, Ana Tereza Bittencourt
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7043053823250811
Estágio supervisionado e aprendizagens da docência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-04)
Magalhães, Elisa Gomes
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Nono, Maévi Anabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8634997953885976
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4576173144586634
This study was a qualitative investigation result on the Curricular Supervised Training (CST) and its importance on the constitution of bias in learning and teaching process through the formative course lived by pupils of the sixth term of the Pedagogy Course in Federal University of São Carlos. The questioning that orientated this research was: Which Supervised Curricular Training contributions to teacher initial education in the vision of future general education teachers, pupils of a Pedagogy Course? The general objective sought the description and analysis of aspects regarding the learning and teaching process in elapsing of CST, in a more specific way: the relationships among the experiences of the degree course and the supervised training; the possibilities and the limitations of training in the learning of abilities, attitudes and teacher's knowledge; relevant aspects of teacher initial education highlighted starting from the CST, the expectations, difficulties, dilemmas, challenges and conflicts lived during the CST, their ways of coping and analysis, finally, the impressions and conceptions, noticed in the CST about teacher action in the classroom and his future action as professor in this context . Thus, the theoretical referencial of this research was constituted through readings and reflections accomplished during the study delineation, searching to evidence teacher initial education accomplishing a brief historical survey, and also a short discussion over social changes that we have been living and how they influence teacher education. In that sense, it also brought a discussion about the training, a brief historical contextualization; and its role on teacher education. The data collection was accomplished by means of a characterization of subject’s questionnaire, field diaries, report and an interview with the teacher’s future. In this sense, the data were analyzed in light of taught theory, and reflects CST contributions in the learning of teaching aspects. Finally, it was possible to notice that the training, according to the future teachers, contributed in a relevant way for them to visualize teacher action and his future action in the school context, as well as learning peculiar characteristics of teaching. CST can be structured in a better way and can supply better conditions to make that future teachers notice and understand the function which they have being formed.
Aquisição da Língua Materna : estudo do processo da avaliação das crianças do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em comunidades de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-04)
Lopes, Ana Lucia Masson
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7530511756329413
This dissertation was developed based on the research line Teaching and Learning Processes and aimed to investigate the contribution of the collective-elaboration process of evaluation instruments in Communities of Learning to the first-year elementary school students‟ learning, regarding reading and writing abilities. The utilized Comunicativa Critica methodology, which was developed by the Special Centre of Investigation into Inequality- Surpassing Theories and Practices (CREA) at the University of Barcelona, is based on the Habermas‟ Communicative Action and Freire‟s Concept of Dialogicity. The data were collected during the Curricular Activity of Integration, Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPE) Communities of Learning Articulation between school and society in 2008, using evaluative instruments produced in conjunction with teachers and researchers, who had systematic access to the topics of the language to be taught in the first year and to the contents present in official documents on Evaluation, specifically the Provinha Brasil. In the end of the evaluations the reports were turned in and provided the data to be analysed with the participation of the teachers. In respect of the intersubjective analyses, the examined data were related to the first and third evaluations, which allowed their comparison. These intersubjective analyses took place in two different occasions, one collectively and the other with one of the teachers who participated in this process. The results indicated some transforming elements such: the conception of the language and of the describers by the teachers and the importance of a work drawn to the reading and, as obstacles, the limitation of the evaluative instruments regarding their own correction and the partial students‟ involvement. Taking into consideration the whole process of construction and analysis of the data there was a (re)planning of the teacher‟s actions in the classroom. Reflection about the didactic method enabled the students to learn more effectively and promoted pedagogical work reorganization in the Communities of Learning, seeking the improvement of the education quality for all.
Identidades, práticas e moralidades transnacionais: etnografia da esgrima japonesa no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-07)
Lourenção, Gil Vicente Nagai
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7757153428132423
The focus of my recearch was the negotiation of 'identity' for Japanese, Japanese descendants, and people without Japanese ancestry living in Brazil with a vehicle a sport called Kendo [Japanese fencing]. In this martial practice noticed a disciplining of the body and attitudes that consciously and unconsciously defines negotiations of 'identity and difference' established social relationships activated by practitioners. The research problem was located as the negotiation process of 'Japanese identity' and its moral postulate in Brazil with regard to this martial practice. And as she and all ethical and moral training in due to contact with immigrant teachers provide support for such a Japanese ontology. The hypothesis that I favor is the hallmark of an unconscious system of value that allows the classification in terms of proximity and distance in relation to a particular notion of Japaneseness. In short, there are characters to biological properties which make the ratings, but the closer it is knowledge of the Japanese. Kendo, taken as an unit of analysis is a machine, a device of Japaneseness - that is, a mechanism for the production of 'Japanese' myth and rith speeches, re-designed and updated from an objective and subjective body-size.
Linguagem e sociedade: análise do discurso de cartas de detentas e ex-detentas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-07)
Savenhago, Igor José Siquieri
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Gaspar, Nádea Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4952307421175266
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9377340948989879
This work analyzes, discursively, letters from women inserted into the penitentiary system in the region of Ribeirão Preto, brightening the regions of power, the knowledge and learning manifested there, discovering forms of resistance which emerge before the systems of domination. It is rare to hear about the routine, the everyday of these instituitions. When there are rebellions, we can notice a great interest from the press in this theme, but generally, the exposure of the subjects related to the prisons do not proceed to other spheres. Hardly ever does it get to the scientific field. This study, intends to do justly the less explored path: bringing under the eyes of the researcher, a discussion about the prisons for the university. And in which way? By means of analysis of the letters written by the prisoner women and exprisoners from the Female Penitentiary of Ribeirão Preto, between March 2004 and the beginning of 2007, characterizing the voice of these women like a scientific document. So, this research supports, particularly, in theoretical of the analysis of the speech, like Michel Foucault and his understanding on Science and Knowing , Michel Pêcheux and his comprehension on subject and Jacques Le Goff, concerning his writings on document . Thus, we hope to contribute for the constitution in different ways about the manifestation from the learning resulted from the prison system, through the analysis written by the prisoner women and ex-prisoners. And to be cautious are possibilities, particularly, the voice of the prisoners worthy of study in the scientific field, considering the studies of the languages, and not only from those who detain the mechanisms of control from the speeches in the penitentiary system.
Perspectivas (inter)culturais em séries didáticas de português língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-07)
Paiva, Aline Fraiha
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
Among several perspectives of thinking about culture in the area of Portuguese as foreign language teaching, the notion of interculturality notion has been established as an approach which concerns the relationship between cultures in the teaching-learning process. Within this context, it seemed relevant and necessary to conduct an investigation on how the intercultural issue has been approached in textbooks that explicitly indicate the adoption of this perspective. Thus, in this exploratory study, we aim to critically analyze the activities of four teaching series focused on Portuguese as foreign language teaching (Avenida Brasil 1 e 2, Diálogo Brasil e Estação Brasil) which make explicit in their prefaces the adoption of an intercultural approach. Through this analysis, we seek to identify and demonstrate the comprehesion of culture and interculturality presented in these materials, as well as the implications of this understanding in the process of teaching and learning languages. We found that although interculturality is a recurrent discourse in these teaching materials, the results of the examination pointed to a discrepancy between the theoretical assumptions concerning this theme and the proposed activities. We also observed that, in general, the most privileged conceptions of culture (Thompson, 2002) in the teaching series were the descriptive and symbolic ones, pointing, therefore, to the attempt - from the materials developers - to mirror in their work contemporary assumptions of foreign language teaching related to communicative approach.
Núcleo central da amígdala e Núcleo parabraquial lateral no controle da ingestão de sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-07)
Andrade, Gláucia Maria Fabrício de
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Menani, José Vanderlei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6568042584596662
Previous studies have shown the importance of serotonergic GABAergic and aadrenergic mechanisms of the lateral parabraquial nucleus (LBPN) in the control of sodium intake. The importance of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) for sodium intake induced by different protocols was also demonstrated. Considering the studies showing reciprocal connections between these two structures, the objective of the present study was to investigate if the increase of sodium and water intake produced by the blockade of serotonergic mechanism, or the activation of GABAergic receptors or α2-adrenoceptors in the LPBN would depend on the CeA integrity. Male Holtzman rats with bilateral CeA lesions and bilateral stainless steel cannulas implanted in the LPBN were used to study the possible involvement of the CeA: 1) in water and 0.3 M NaCl intake produced by injections of the diuretic furosemide (FURO) combined with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (CAP) subcutaneously (sc); 2) in the increase of 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by the blockade of serotonergic mechanisms or activation of the α2-adrenoceptors of the LPBN in rats treated with FURO + CAP sc; 3) in 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by the activation of GABAergic receptorss of the LPBN in satiated and normovolemic rats. Additionally, the pharmacological blockade of the CeA neurons with bilateral injections of GABAA receptor agonist muscimol was performed in order to test if the effects of CeA electrolytic lesions after the blockade of the inhibitory mechanisms of the NPBL were due to destruction of CeA neurons or destruction of fibers of passage. CeA lesionedrats had a decrease in daily water intake in comparison to sham-lesioned rats during the whole period of test, while the reduction of daily 0.3 M sodium intake occurred after the eighth day of lesions. Animals with bilateral lesions of the CeA also showed a reduction in body weight when compared to sham lesioned-rats. Bilateral lesions of the CeA did not affect FURO+CAP induced-water (9.2 1.6 ml/2 h vs. sham lesion: 12.8 0.7 ml/2 h) and 0.3 M NaCl intake (6.5 3.5 ml/2 h vs. sham lesion: 5.2 0.9 ml/2 h). Bilateral lesions of the CeA (3 days) completely abolished the ingestion of water (0.1 0.05 ml/4 h vs. sham lesion: 8.2 3.5 ml/4 h) and 0.3 M NaCl (0.1 0.1 ml/4 h vs. sham lesion: 16.1 5.4 ml/4 h) induced by bilateral injections of muscimol (0.5 nmol/0.2 μl) into the LPBN in satiated rats. Bilateral lesions of the CeA (5 to 18 days) also abolished the increase in 0.3 M NaCl (11,7 2,8 ml/2 h e 11,7 2,8 ml/2 h vs. sham lesion: 31,5 4,2 ml/2 h e 18,3 ± 3,1 ml/2 h) and water intake (6,7 1,8 ml/2 h e 13,8 2,7 ml/2 h vs. sham lesion: 19,9 3,2 ml/2 h e 22,4 2,5 ml/2 h) produced respectively by bilateral injections of moxonidine (0.5 nmol/0.2 μl) or methysergide (4 μg/0.2 μl) into the LPBN in FURO + CAP treated-rats. Bilateral injections of muscimol (0.5 nmol) into the CeA abolished water (0.1 0.02 ml/4 h vs. saline: 8.8 3.2 ml/4 h) and 0.3 M NaCl intake (0.1 0.04 ml/4h vs. saline: 19.1 6.4 ml/4 h) induced by bilateral injections of muscimol (0.5 nmol/0.2 μl) in the NPBL in satiated animals. Bilateral injections of muscimol (0.25 nmol/0.2 μl) in the CeA abolished the increase of water (3.3 2.3 ml/2 h vs. saline: 26.4 6.7 ml/2 h) and 0.3 M NaCl intake (2.8 1.6 ml/2 h vs. saline: 29.7 7.2 ml/2 h) produced by the bilateral injections of moxonidine (0.5 nmol/0.2 μl) into the NPBL. The present results show that CeA is essential for sodium and water intake after the blockade of LPBN inhibitory mechanisms. The suggestion is that CeA facilitatory mechanisms for sodium intake might be activated after the blockade of LPBN inhibitory mechanisms which might drive rats to ingest sodium. Therefore, if LPBN inhibitory mechanisms were acting normally, they may limit sodium intake because they inhibit CeA facilitatory signals for sodium intake.
Memória e turismo: uma proposta de roteiros histórico-culturais em Brigadeiro Tobias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-09)
Silva, Poliana Bassi
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Lana, Rita de Cássia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0889501482795938
This paper proposes to stimulate the promotion of the tourism sustainable on a basis activity for the District of Brigadeiro Tobias - Sorocaba/SP; to enhance the existing cultural and historical heritage based on proposal routes, which are Tropeirismo cycle inheritance and railway period, as well as to promote actions of leisure and education for the local community. The development of roadmaps occurred based on a turistic inventory of District, previously done to use the methodology of oral history and literature review. From the diagnosis of this inventory six routes were proposed, of which five concentrate in the District and one of them includes different areas of the municipality. Finally, identified spot tourism activity should face the challenge of improving existing cultural heritage, of serving on the spot to help in continuing memory, of enabling the community to the resumption of the use of “Casarão” as a leisure and social area, allowing visitors to experience cultural diversity, economic and cultural diversification for the community of Brigadeiro Tobias.
Isomerização do n-heptano sobre catalisadores bifuncionais Pt-Ni suportados em zeólitas BEA e FAU
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-09)
Barsi, Fabrício Ventura
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Cardoso, Dilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7635533390888747
The objective of this paper was to study the influence of metal loading content on the properties of bimetallic catalysts, formed by Pt and Ni, supported on zeolite HUSY and HBEA. Another objective of this study was to infer possible mechanisms and reaction pathways. In this sense, were compared catalysts containing different contents and percentage of metals in the isomerization of n-heptane and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hydrogen chemisorption, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The results show that the catalyst with the total metal content of 180 μmol of Me.gcat -1 was the most active, suggesting that there is an optimum relationship between acid sites and metallic sites. The increase in total metal content of the solid from this value decreases the activity of the same, possibly due to decreased dispersion of metallic phase in the catalyst. In this content, the activity increases with the percentage of platinum, until the value of 50%. Increasing the percentage of platinum above this value, there is a slight decrease in activity of the catalyst. The catalysts with higher activity were almost 100% selective to the isomerization reaction. Through TEM and chemisorption of H2 there was a better metal dispersion on the catalyst 50Pt50Ni/HBEA with 180 μmol of Me.gcat -1 in agreement with the catalytic results. By EDX analysis performed during the characterization by scanning electron microscopy verified the presence of nickel, which was not found by EDX analysis in transmission electron microscopy, indicating that this element (metal or cationic) is dispersed in the zeolite matrix. The results of TPR, there was a greater reduction of Ni2+ ions when it is in the presence of Pt, evidenced by the shift reduction peak to lower temperatures in front of the bimetallic catalysts monometallic. The results also showed that the process of rapid reduction has not reduced completely cations Pt2+ and Ni2+ in the catalysts. It was realized a study of the influence of contact time of reagents (nhexane and n-heptane) with the catalyst and also the isomerization of 2-methylhexane in order to study the mechanism of isomerization.
Patrimônio e turismo: um estudo da aplicação de diretrizes e diplomas legais no município de Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-09)
Capati, Natália Simôes
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Lana, Rita de Cássia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0001110001110001
The theme of this survey is the analysis of public guidelines existing for the preservation of the cultural heritage in the country, and how they are applied to two cases in Sorocaba city. The main purpose is to compare them in terms of legal apparatus and tourist activity elements in this scenario. The survey would to show that tourism is not usually present in Sorocaba cultural heritage and often his managers not realise the tourism, in special the cultural tourism as a tool for the preservation of historical heritage. In addition to bibliographic search in the area, Oral history was used as a supplementary methodology to obtain data, besides the field visit. The procedure followed was analyse the role of public managers responsible for heritage (Federal, State and municipal) and the heritage policies, based on historical and cultural significance of the objects of study chosen - in this case, São Bento monastery and Bom Jesus do Bonfim chapel, allied to some considerations of cultural tourism potentiality in the city.
Panorama da produção de livros didáticos de espanhol publicados no Brasil entre 1991 e 2008
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-09)
Rocha, Wellington Alan da
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Silva, Ademar da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9028512631572133
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4174635705145958
The objective of this research is to sketch a short view of the didactic books (from now on LD Livro didático) that focus the teaching of the Spanish Language which were published in Brazil between the years of 1991 and 2008. To focus this research I analyzed 29 different titles, whose target public are the students of Elementary (I and II cycles) as well as High School students. The analyses considered the way of proposed activities directed to acquiring/developing communicative competence and the four linguistic abilities (reading, writing, speaking and listening). The option to analyze the LDs was due to a research checked that was previously performed by Denise Pincaço, which resulted in a Mastering dissertation named História e Ensino de Espanhol de 1942 a 1990 and is related to my research that continuous, that is, goes on such work and focus the subsequent years (that is from 1991 till 2008). First the LDs were analyzed one by one in accordance to the target public, so that it was possible to perform the following analyses. In a reduced way we can summary the production of LDs in three moments: (a) domain of a Traditional approach from 1940 to 1990; (b) publishing books with activities focusing a communicative teaching (from 1991 to 1999); (c) the first LDs published in a communicative way from 2000. Comparing the Spanish LDs with the orientations in the PCNs (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais) and in the OCEMs (Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio), I observed the presence of disparity between what is suggested and what is developed in the LDs as an example the lack of activities focusing the development of discursive, strategic and sociolinguistic sub-abilities. With this interpretative research, I hope to contribute to the Scientific Brazilian community effort to make up an historic of LDs production in our country as well to point lacks to be even when elaborating LDs aiming the Spanish language teaching and learning.
Organização Não Governamental (ONG) : conhecendo suas possibilidades e desafios na atuação da Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-10)
Zanollo, Luciano José Marchiori
;
Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9233226725559862
The aim of this study was to determine the ways necessary for the establishment and maintenance of a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) and present some possibilities of action in Special Education. In the city of São Carlos, directors of NGOs working in Special Education were interviewed, to ascertain why this NGO was founded, what its goals were, its difficulties, how its role is and what organs it is linked to, what society segments and partners and its actions are, besides informing its difficulties and challenges. The participants were five directors of NGOs working with Special Education. The interviews took place by appointment and were recorded on a digital video recorder and later transcribed in full. For support and discussion of the interviews it was raised the theoretical reference by getting information on legal aspects, which must be considered for the establishment and maintenance of an NGO, as well as some means to manage and execute a project. The contemporary vocation of an NGO is to mobilize people and to propose actions and partnerships between the Public and Private sectors. It was observed in these interviews that the NGOs had in their responses similar expressions and this allowed a reflection on the theme NGOs, Special Education and its possibilities and challenges.
Influência do ambiente aversivo na resposta nociceptiva de ratos : um estudo sobre o papel de receptores opióides e canabinóides
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-11)
Cornélio, Alianda Maira
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9404997187273622
In innate or learned threatening situations, animals display a set of defensive behaviors specie-specific such as autonomic alterations, flight, fight and antinociception. Exposure of mice to open elevated plus-maze (oEPM: four open arms), an aversive situation, elicits antinociception of high magnitude. However, mechanisms involved in this kind of antinociception are not clear yet. This study investigated whether antinociception induced by exposure to an oEPM shows cross-tolerance with morphine (Exp. I and II); is attenuated by repetead exposure to the oEPM (Exp. III); is blocked by systemic treatment with naltrexone (Exp. IV); is prevented by adrenalectomy (Exp. V); persists after animal removal from the oEPM and if there are sex-related differences in this factor (Exp. VI); is mediated by CB1 cannabinoid receptor (Exp. VII). Rats were daily treated with morphine (M, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) or distilled water (DW) for 5 consecutive days (antinociceptive tolerance assessed by the tailflick test). Next day, rats received formalin 2.5% injection (50 μL) into the right hind paw and, after first phase of formalin test, they were treated with M or DW. 25 minutes after formalin injection into the paw, time spent licking the injected paw was recorded for 10 minutes (Exp. 1). Similar procedure was followed in the Experiment II, except that time spent licking the paw was recorded during exposure to the oEPM or enclosed EPM (eEPM: four arms enclosed) in undrugged rats. In Experiment III, nociception was evaluated in rats submitted to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 exposures to either eEPM or oEPM (formalin was injected only during the last exposure). Experiment IV investigated the effects of naltrexone (0 and 2.5 mg/kg; s.c.) on nociception during eEPM or oEPM exposure. Nociception was also assessed during the eEPM or oEPM exposure in sham and adrenalectomized rats (exp. V). In experiment VII, rats were treated with vehicle (DMSO 60%) or AM251 (1 mg/kg, i.p., CB1 receptor antagonist). Fifteen minutes later, animals received formalin injection into the paw and, 25 minutes after, they were exposed to the eEPM or oEPM. In experiment VI, male and female rats were exposed to eEPM or oEPM (with no noxious stimulus during exposure) and imediately after they were tested on the hot plate test (52.4 °C). Results showed that antinociception induced by oEPM does not display cross-tolerance to morphine; was not altered for at least 6 exposures to the maze; failed to be reversed by naltrexone; was not prevented by adrenalectomy and was not blocked by AM251. In addition, this antinociception does not persist after animal removal of the apparatus, by contrast, it occurs a hyperalgesia (as assessed by hot plate test), a response that does not depend on sex-related differences. Results suggest that antinociception induced by oEPM: is not mediated by opioid system or CB1 cannabinoid receptors and it is not sensitive to corticosterone. Furthermore, animal removal of aversive environment alters nociceptive response from antinociception to hyperalgesia, a phenomenon that is independent of the gender.
A docência em uma escola do campo: narrativas de seus professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-12-11)
Araújo, Juliana Pereira de
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Oliveira, Rosa Maria Moraes Anunciato de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192018360933676