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O discurso político eleitoral contra a corrupção no HGPE/2006 : memória e construção de identidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-01) Garcia, Luciana Carmona; Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9059098295895752
This research seeks to verify the discursivity regime of the political discourse and, specially, to describe and analyze the discourses of presidential candidates in 2006 campaign, having focus in the theme corruption . To do so, we made a corpus with discursive sequences of HGPE, showed by free television channels, from 08/15 to 10/27 of 2006. The motivation to work with discourse analysis on television emerged from the observation that, among the diffusion supports of electoral political discourses (official party documents and appliances, reproduction of jingles and slogans in flags or sound cars, television debates, HGPE), the television transmissions had the greatest circulation in that period. The theme of corruption, because of its circulation and range, emerge continually in the discourses of candidates and their electors with an attack strategy (from the opposition) and defense (from the situation) and, with special strength and amplitude, in 2006 presidential campaign, because of episodes like mensalão and dossier . The question that directs the research is: how can a present political discourse be analyzed, considering the multiple ways of this discursive production? Supported by Jean-Jacques Courtine propositions, we have as objectives: (i) analyze how the electoral political television discourse works against the corruption , inside the propaganda of the most important candidates for president in 2006; (ii) analyze the confrontation of the candidates discourses, taking as focus the analysis of the theme corruption . The analysis points that the regularities in political discourse look to avoid the character of liars and corrupts that usually are linked to politicians in social imaginary and they work exactly as strategies to constitute an identity free of stigmas. The image, especially in movement, allied to verbs (spoken and written) constitutes itself as the double of saying: it also says, along with, constitute a discursive homology, that domesticate the look. The show, the theatricalization of the political discourse, in this support, seeks to excite the emotion, the seduction, the charm. And, in this union of elements that makes the HGPE, the image is, perhaps, the element that constitute the language more efficient, favors a falsification of appearances in the ambition of showing the man´s essence; this way it is possible to manipulate the truth, because it´s connected to the appearance, to what is seen.
Caracterização citogenética de populações alopátricas do gênero Hoplias (Characiformes, Erythrinidae), com enfoque nos grupos malabaricus e lacerdae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-02-01) Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues; Moreira Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8998670968329882
Erythrinidae represents a relatively small family of Neotropical fish, presenting a great geographical distribution. It is composed only by three genera, Hoplias, Hoplerythrinus and Erythrinus. The genus Hoplias is most widespread in the South American continent. Two great groups, H. malabaricus and H. lacerdae are described for the Southeast Brazil, showing large karyotypic differences concerning chromosomes´ number and morphology. In fact, the H. malabaricus group should be treated as a "species complex", considering its great karyotypic diversity, with seven karyomorphs clearly differentiated, including distinct sex chromosome systems. On the other hand, H. lacerdae group shows a relatively conserved karyotypic macrostructure. A recent revision of this group identified six different species, belonging to different Brazilian hydrographic basins. In the present work specimens of the H. malabaricus and H. lacerdae groups were investigated. The samples of H. malabaricus were from the Upper Paraná, São Francisco, Xingu and Araguaia/Tocantins basins. Concerning the H. lacerdae group, samples of H. intermedius from São Francisco River and Upper Paraná River basins and of H. aimara from the Arinos River (Amazonian basin) were analyzed. Two karyomorphs were clearly identified in the H. malabaricus group: karyomorph A, with 2n=42 meta- and submetacentric chromosomes and without sex-related differences and karyomorph F, with 2n=40 meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, also without distinction between the sexes. In the transposition region of the Piumhi River (São Francisco River basin), the karyomorph A may represent an invading form from the Upper Paraná River basin, where it is more abundant. In the São Francisco River basin the karyomorph F is considered predominant. Chromosomal variations were detected among the populations of the karyomorph A analyzed, on the base of distinct cytogenetic markers, probably due to geographic isolation of such populations, making possible the fixation of different evolutionary events. On the other hand, H. intermedius and H. aimara presented a conserved karyotypic macrostructure, with 2n=50 meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, without a sex chromosome system. As for the specimens of H. intemedius, no cytogenetic differences were detected among the São Francisco and Upper Paraná River populations, where natural connections have made possible the dispersion of that species between such basins. However, analyses of the repetitive fraction of the genome showed relevant chromosome differences between H. intermedius and H. aimara, which corroborate with their separation in different species. It could also be inferred that, at least for this fraction of the genome, H. aimara can be considered more derivative than H. intermedius. This way, the classic and molecular cytogenetic markers used in the present work were excellent tools for the differentiation of Hoplias species, as well as for the identification of the present genetic variation in the H. malabaricus and H. lacerdae groups, making possible a better explanation on their karyotypic evolution.