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Avaliação e caracterização da borracha natural de diferentes clones de seringueira cultivados nos estados de Mato Grosso e Bahia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Galiani, Patrini Danielle
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5599391930270583
Natural rubber (NR) is a basic raw material used in the manufacture of a wide range of rubber goods. Usually both quality and productivity levels of Brazilian NR are lower than the imported NR. This is due to a lack of research projects which would particularly deal with the characterization and evaluation of the NR properties. For this purpose this paper summarized the study on the following items: the evaluation of both inter- and intraclonal variations; the effect of coagulation method on the NR properties; the evaluation of the coagulation method and the conditions of the bowls used for latex extraction within the NR technological properties; and the characterization of GEBs employing phosphoric acid, sulfate of hydroxylamine, and EDTA. The examination on NR was carried out through the routine analysis of such material applying DSC, TG, FTIR, GPC techniques, and also minerals analysis. In the investigation on both inter- and intraclonal influences, the results had shown statistical distinct behaviors for the NR properties of the following clones: FX 3864, GT 1, RRIM 600, PR 255 and FX 3864-PMB, including significant variations among clones and extractions. For the tire industries the essay in the PRI is the most important procedure, since it indicates an inference on the resistance to thermooxidative degradation of NR. Except for the clone PR 255, the average PRI values of all investigated clones was lower than the minimum value required by Brazilian Standard NBR 11597, and therefore it was identified a low-quality rubber of such clones. The linear regression analysis indicated that the genetic characteristics of each clone are responsible for the different results concerning the variations in environmental conditions as temperature and precipitation. The variants examined on the NR properties can be considered as the effects of factors such as climate, the origin of the clone, frequency of bleeding, soil, stimulation, seasonal, processing, and non-rubber compound, among others. In the investigation on the effect of coagulation method in the NR technological properties, the results have shown that coagulated latex samples with EDTA presented the highest PRI values for all investigated clones. Treatments with different antioxidant substances demonstrated an increase in PRI values of fresh latex samples (with no ammonia addition), for the concentrations of 0,001% and 0,01% with antioxidant substances (B and D) e (A, C, D, and A+D), in that order. In the review of the evaluation of the coagulation method and the conditions of the bowls used to extract latex from clone RRIM 600, it was verified that rubber samples obtained from the chemical coagulation had the highest PRI values and the samples from natural coagulation of the latex (it was used recycled bowls) presented PRI values lower than the standard rates required by the industries. In the findings of the characterization of the GEBs, treatments with phosphoric acid and sulfate of hydroxylamine contributed to an increase in PRI as well as a reduction in VR, respectively.
Distribuição espacial de espécies arbóreas de cerrado: filogenia e traços de defesa contra herbivoria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Loiola, Priscilla de Paula
;
Batalha, Marco Antônio Portugal Luttembarck
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3893228815181339
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691455603546958
Herbivory is expected to promote an overdispersed distribution of traits in co-occurring plant species, since similar plants are more vulnerable to specialised herbivores. As long as conservatism of traits is usually observed in lineages of plant species, phylogenetic relatedness may also be related to spatial distribution. Thus, we expected that defense traits against herbivory were conserved and that phylogenetic distances of co-occurring species were higher than expected by chance. In a cerrado site in southeastern Brazil, we analysed 100 quadrats, with 25 m 2 each, and sampled all woody individuals. For each species, we measured defense traits against herbivory and answered whether the degree of co-occurrence of species was correlated with both functional differences and phylogenetic distances. We also tested whether the defense traits were phylogenetically conserved. On the one hand, we did not find significant correlation between species co-occurrence and neither defense traits nor phylogenetic distances. On the other hand, we found phylogenetic signal for four out of nine defense traits. The absence of correlations may be due to (1) herbivory not being as strong as we expected in cerrado vegetation or (2) the presence of environmental filters, such as drought and nutrient-poor soil, promoting phylogenetic clustering, counteracting phylogenetic overdispersion by herbivory.
Transferência de massa em reator eletroquímico de carbono vítreo reticulado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Costa, Pedro Henrique de Britto
;
Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9718347600666805
In this work, the electrodeposition of toxic metals, copper and zinc in this case, onreticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) electrode was studied. The effect of EDTA presence on thecopper electrodeposition process was also evaluated. The electrolytic process took place in anelectrochemical reactor projected with a filter-press configuration, however, with a fewmodifications aiming of a decrease in charge loss. The electrochemical reactor consisted of anRVC porous cathode of 45 ppi and was characterized in terms of mass transfer coefficient(km) which was determined through voltametric and galvanostatic electrodepositiontechniques. In a second phase of this work, the electrodeposition kinetic was studied throughthe application of different current values stipulated as a fraction of the limiting current(α = I / I lim) which was calculated by using km values obtained during the first phase. Thecopper electrodeposition results showed that the voltametric and galvanostatic techniques todetermine km presented very similar values and that the electrodeposition kinetic was nearlyindependent of pH in acid media with pH values between 2 and 4. When it comes to thecopper electrodeposition in EDTA medium, it was observed that the presence of organiccomplexes significantly alter the electrodeposition process and that further phenomena, otherthan mass transfer, control the process. The voltametric technique was not efficient todetermine km values for the zinc electrodeposition and the pH must be controlled with valuesaround 5 in order for galvanostatic electrodeposition to occur. The following correlation formass transfer in the proposed electrochemical reactor was obtained by using the copperelectrodeposition results: Sh = 1.39Re0.57Sc0.33. The comparison of this correlation with that ofother electrochemical reactors cited in the literature showed that it is very efficient when itcomes to mass transfer, and that the presence of the RVC considerably improves theelectrodeposition process. The electrodeposition kinetic results were analyzed in terms ofinstantaneous and global current efficiency and energy consumption efficiencies as a functionof α. It was verified that for Cu2+ and Zn2+ electrodeposition there is an α value whichmaximizes current efficiency and minimizes energy consumption. The optimum α valuedepends on the metal that is being electrodeposited and is lower than 1.0 due to the fact thatthe application of currents lower than the limiting one provides a higher operation time underactivated or mixed control conditions. Finally, it should be observed that the electrodepositionin the presence of EDTA presented an inverse behavior, once the greatest α value studied wasthe one which presented the best results.
Estudo de efeitos quânticos nas propriedades eletrônicas de nanofios semicondutores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Sousa-Dias, Mariama Rebello de
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Richard, Victor Lopez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0638704940221279
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9972552337847809
The growth and characterization of semiconductor nanowires systems have attracted increasing interest due to their potential technological application, like, photo-detectors, optoelectronic devices and their promising features for quantum information processing and photonic applications. The goal of this work is the characterization of properties of semiconductor nanowires. The study was started within the framework of classical electrodynamics and this model for light-scattering was contrasted with experimental results from the photoluminescence. This classical model has been published in the literature without a concrete discussion and its application range is often not compatible with the analyzed experimental phenomenology. Thus, we have introduced quantum elements to elucidate a consistent phenomenology with the results obtained in the experiments. Through the k.p method, using in particular the Luttinger Hamiltonian, the effects of biaxial confinement and strain were analyzed in the valence band of semiconductor nanowires. This study was complemented with the description of optical properties. For the conduction band states, we were able to introduce the spin-orbit interaction since analytical results, successfully obtained from the simulation of the valence band, could be directly used in this new calculation.
Defesas contra herbivoria e descritores da vegetação: relações com variáveis edáficas em uma área de cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Dantas, Vinícius de Lima
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Batalha, Marco Antônio Portugal Luttembarck
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3893228815181339
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386981992178350
Together with fire and climate changes, soil is considered a major determinant in the Braziliancerrado, the richest savanna in the world. Soil can influence plants by filtering species capableof acquiring resources and compete for them, but can also influence plant patterns ofallocation in defense against herbivory. Although many studies focused on plant soilrelationship in cerrado, few focused on the influence of soil at fine scale. We expectedcommunity descriptors, such as floristic composition, richness, evenness, diversity, and totalabundance to be related to soil features at fine scale within a physiognomy. We also expectedplants on nutrient-poor soils to present higher anti-herbivory defenses. In a cerrado site, weplaced 100 contiguous 25 m2 plots, in which we identified all woody individuals, measuredsoil variables and the following leaf traits: specific leaf area, C:N ratio, water content,toughness, trichomes, latex, and presence of tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoids. We did apartial redundancy analysis to test for relationship between soil features and floristiccomposition, controlled for spatial dependence. We also did multiple regression or spatialautoregressive models to test for relationships between soil features and: (1) the abundance ofthe five commonest species, (2) total abundance, (3) richness, (4) evenness, and (5) diversityand to predict defense traits based on soil features. We found no relationship between soil andfloristic composition, probably due to functional redundancy or limited dispersal. Organicmatter was positively related to Myrsine umbellata, the most abundant species, and totalabundance, and negatively related to evenness, what suggests positive feedbacks to cause thedominance by Myrsine umbellata. We also found a positive relationship between sum of basisand species richness, probably reflecting a fertility gradient. Contrary to our expectations, wefound no relationship between total defenses and total soil fertility or soil variables, whatcould result from low variability in soil fertility at fine scale or of high phenotypic variability.Presence of tannins was positively related to organic matter, possibly reflecting a strategytowards lower tolerance due to low reserve allocation or interactions with other resources.However, since tannins decrease leaf decomposition rates, organic matter could beaccumulating in soil. Overall, we suggest that soil is an important factor structuring cerradocommunity even at fine scales and that the dominance of cerrado species could be related topositive plant-soil feedbacks.
Autogestão, Economia Solidária e gênero: as trabalhadoras de cooperativas incubadas na cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-02)
Pires, Aline Suelen
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
Since the end of the nineteenth century, when they started to become popular, cooperatives are generating important debates. From the 70's, with the crisis of the Fordist production and the restructuring of production in the world, with the unemployment s growth and the loss of social rights linked to the formal work, the cooperativism resurfaces now, renovated as a alternative proposal of "other economy" within capitalism and as a possible overcoming. We analyzed the perception of workers in Solidarity Economy s cooperatives. We tried to see how the workers understand the meaning of self-management, how she(he) internalizes the ideas proposed by the Solidarity Economy s movement. At the same time, we decided to analyze gender relations in the cooperatives studied, which are formed mostly of women, and if the involvement with the proposal resulted in changes in daily work and home life. We investigated workers of projects of the Technological Incubator of Popular Cooperatives of the Federal University of São Carlos. The research studied three cooperatives in the city of São Carlos through the techniques of interviews and observation. The results show a gap between the actual practices and the movement s proposals, which indicates the character "under construction" of the Solidarity Economy in Brazil. Gender relations have not changed, remaining the same of the ordinary companies.
Geração e proteção de estados comprimidos do campo e estados atômicos emaranhados em cavidades ópticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Rossatto, Daniel Zini
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7226048122013565
In this work we investigated the engineering of interactions and reservoirs in the context of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics. The investigated system consists of two identical three-level atoms trapped in two distinct traps, but inside the same optical cavity, inte- racting with the cavity mode and driven by classical .elds to manipulate the atom-.eld interaction. First, we assume the atomic system interacts with a high-Q cavity and show how to generate a displaced squeezed state for cavity mode asymptotically, i.e., we con- structed an arti.cial squeezed reservoir for the cavity mode. For this purpose we assume, in addition to the engineered atom-.eld interaction, a strong decay of the atoms (i.e., the atomic decay rate must be much stronger than the e¤ective atom-.eld coupling). Next, considering a cavity with strong decay rate, we investigated how to protect atomic entangled states as the Bell states. Here, the cavity mode acts as an arti.cial squeezed reservoir for the atoms, leading the system to the desired state asymptotically. In both cases, we considered only two e¤ective levels for atoms, reaching an interaction which comprehends the simultaneous implementation of the Jaynes-Cummings and anti- Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians.
Uma análise das políticas educacionais do Paraná nas décadas de 1980 e 1990
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Gonçalves, Ademir Nunes
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Bittar, Marisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2929049813970810
Cet article analyse l'idéologie du développement et son influence sur les politiques éducatives du Paraná dans les années 1980 et 1990 et leurs implications, en cherchant à comprendre la question, les hypothèses historiques, politiques et sociaux. L'enquête a montré que l'influence du cachet international et les structures économiques du gouvernement de l'État a contribué à l'organisation et la mise en oeuvre des actions éducatives, ainsi que le Mars national au nom de la démocratisation du pays a contribué à la création d'un intérêt de l'éducation politiques, économiques et de développement Parana. L'étude a porté sur quatre administrations de l'Etat qui ont été relevés dans les décennies: José Richa (PMDB), Alvaro Dias (PMDB), Roberto Requião (PMDB) et Jaime Lerner (PDT / PFL), où les principales politiques et les actions survenus dans les domaines éducatif répercussions et une influence à ce jour. Toutes les questions examinées étaient principalement subventionnés par les auteurs des études portent sur l'histoire de l'éducation Parana et les politiques éducatives du Paraná, ainsi que des documents officiels, basés sur le matérialisme historique.
Efeitos de um protocolo de fortalecimento da musculatura do assoalho pélvico em grupo para mulheres com perda urinária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Correia, Grasiéla Nascimento
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8878717048564522
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a kinesiotherapy protocol in a group-based for strengthen the pelvic floor muscles (KGSPF) for the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function and pressure level, quality of life (QOL) and isometric and isokinetic hip adductors peak torque (PT) among women with urinary incontinence (UI) that was not sedentary. Fifteen women (mean age 60,20 ± 8,16) were enrolled in this study. They were evaluated, at beginning and after 12 weeks, by a clinical evaluation; one hour pad test; three-day voiding diary; a QOL with King Health Questionnaire (KHQ); PFM function (digital and perioneometer) and isometric and isokinetic hip adductors PT. The KGSPF protocol consisted of 12 sessions of one hour, once a week. The KGSPF protocol included exercises to strengthen PFM, information and guidance for UI. The data were analyzed by non-parametric Wilcoxon test and Spearman coefficient correlation. The significance level was 5%. After 12 weeks, the group presented a significant improvement of QOL and PFM function and pressure. It was presented a significant decrease for isometric hip adductors PT, one hour pad test (p=0,03), urgency episodes (p=0,04), and UI (p=0,02). It was found moderate negative correlation between age and the isokinetic hip adductors PT for dominant side (r= -0,53; p=0,04) and non-dominant side (r= -0,57; p=0,03); between the PFM contraction pressure and isokinetic hip adductors PT for dominant side (r= -0,62; p=0,03) and nondominant side (r= -0,64;p= 0,02); and between contraction force of PFM fast fibers and isometric hip adductors PT for dominant side (r= 0,60; p=0,03) and non-dominant side (r=-0,59; p=0,04). In conclusion, the KGSPF protocol was effective to decrease UI and isometric hip adductors PT, and to improve QOL.
Análise do sistema de monitoramento e avaliação da rede de tecnologia social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Jesus, Vanessa Maria Brito de
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Araújo Filho, Targino de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5912810383015161
Organizations from private or third sector, have sought to improve its mechanisms and management tools as a way to ensure or enhance their results. Considering a full perspective, seek to make compatible planning, monitoring and evaluation procedures in a systematic way, as a mean of facilitating processes of decision making and adjustment of actions. The Social Technology Network (STN), an organization that brings together about eight hundred organizations of all kinds who work with social technology, is circumscribed in this scenario. In 2007, established a partnership with the Forum of Pro-Chancellors of Public Universities to develop a monitoring and evaluation system to enable it to assess the results of its actions, in recognition of the importance of having a management mechanism to highlight the potential of social technology and contribute to the formulation of public policies to stimulate the development - preferably sustainable of society. The STN´s Monitoring and Evaluation System is defined as an "integrated system of detailed information, collected, stored and updated appropriately and periodically, that allows to monitor, analyze and evaluate a set of actions at different stages of development "(PROJECT SMARTS, 2006). However, which elements in the design of the system show its potential? The present study attempts to answer this question, supported by a qualitative approach with an exploratory type, using triangulation methods, especially, literature and document research to conduct a case study. The search for evidence, based on the theoretical framework of social technology and practices in monitoring and evaluation, identified that the architecture of the system has troublesome and facilitating factors that will influence its performance, and mapped some of the potential of a management tool developed for a social network.
Análise da atividade elétrica e do torque da musculatura abdutora do ombro em sujeitos hemiparéticos crônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Avila, Mariana Arias
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Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391969032505723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364
Background: There is still a lack of evidence of how electromyographic (EMG) patterns deficits of muscle activation are related to the shoulder abduction movement in people with chronic hemiparesis. Objective: Analyze EMG patterns and isokinetic muscle performance of shoulder abduction motion in subjects with chronic hemiparesis. Design: Cross-sectional trial. Methods: Twenty five subjects with chronic hemiparesis and twenty five healthy subjects underwent EMG activity and isokinetic shoulder abduction assessments. EMG onset time and RMS were compared between limbs (intra-group) and between groups (inter-group) for trapezius and deltoid muscles. Isokinetic peak torque, total work, average power and acceleration time were also compared intra- and inter-groups. Results: The paretic side showed an opposed onset activation pattern in shoulder abduction, along with a lower RMS for both muscles. The non-paretic side showed a delay in both muscles activation and a lower RMS for the trapezius, compared to the control group. Both sides of the group with hemiparesis presented a significantly lower isokinetic performance compared to the control group. Conclusions: Trapezius and middle deltoid muscles activation, as well as torque, speed and endurance are altered in both paretic and non-paretic shoulders in subjects with chronic hemiparesis. The non-paretic limb is less affected than the paretic one. These facts should be taken into account in the rehabilitation program after stroke.
O jogo dos gêneros e o gênero do jogo: o caso do voleibol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Oliveira, Leonardo Erivelto Soares de
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9569444094360816
Through an ethnography based on my own sports biography, I demonstrate the coexistence of powerful conceptions about volleyball that make it appear as “female sport”, “women's sport” and/or “sport of fagots”, among other variants, and the volleyball players’ conceptions about the sport they practice. The central argument of this research is that such conceptions are supported by a set of factors: the contrast between soccer and volleyball, respectively first and second sports in national preference, coupled with a certain view on body techniques in general and on the techniques of volleyball in particular, which merge with a peculiar context marked by the large presence of women, "gays" and certain uses of the body, at least in the amateur circuit.
Dinâmica de população de Tapirira guianensis AUBL. (Anacardiaceae), em áreas de restinga e cerradão do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Baldoni, Raquel Negrão
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6904975996650586
The situation of a population can only be assessed through demographic studies, considering its dynamics in terms of changes on fecundity, recruitment and mortality of individuals. Considering the peculiarities of the vegetation in State of Sao Paulo and the ability that some plant species have to occupy some of these different ecosystems, this study aims to assess the ecology of two populations of Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (Anacardiaceae), in the restinga located at the Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso and in the cerrado at the Estação Ecológica de Assis. This project was carried out within the permanent plots of the project funded by Biota. There, were randomly allocated 50 plots of 20m x 20m (total area of 2 ha/environment) and all individuals of Tapirira guianensis found within these plots were identified and measured. Individuals were classified into ontogenetic stages in accordance with the Troll´s Model. We found allometric differences between the populations that might be related to the phenotypic plasticity to environmental variations. The population structure of T. guianensis was significantly different between restinga and cerrado (t-test, p <0.001). In the restinga, the structure shows the form of "j" reverse while in the cerrado, the population does not present this form of distribution. The difference between the populations is mainly due to the absence of seedlings in the cerrado. We found no differences between plant density and soil types, which suggest that T. guianensis is indifferent to soil caracteristics. The population growth rate indicated that both populations from restinga (λ = 0.96) and from cerrado (λ = 0.91) are close to 1.0, so these two populations seems to be in equilíbrium. However, we verified differences on demographic parameters between these populations. We suggest that variation between populations is related to phytogeographic conditions in restinga and cerrado, and to the interaction between various environmental factors.
Características biológicas do peixe amazônico Cichla piquiti (Cichlidae:Perciformes) introduzido no reservatório de Cachoeira Dourada no rio Paranaíba, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Luiz, Tatiane Ferraz
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4489894880769697
The Basin of the river Tocantins-Araguaia is the natural habitat of the Cichla piquiti species, however, currently it meets widely distributed in dams of the river Paraná especially in the Minas Gerais and São Paulo states. In these subject to flooding plain ecosystems, the trophic ecology of the communities of fish is influenced by some factors that can be modified by the dams, promoting great alterations in the biological interactions inside of environments. Therefore, the study of the alimentary specter of tucunaré Cichla piquiti, congregated to the knowledge gotten concerning the reproductive aspects of the population structure can contribute to evaluate the current condition of the species in the environment and, still, to provide information that can be used in the handling of other native species. The Cachoeira Dourada reservoir is located in the South America, central region of Brazil, whose geographic coordinates are 18°30' 11.47" S, 49°29' 18.78" and 18°34' 5.27" S, 49°19' 52.07". The collections had been carried through during 1 year, with aid of batteries of nets of wait which meshes that vary of 1,5 the 10,0 cm between adjacent us. Of the units they had been gotten total length, standard length, and all up weight. The stomachs had been weighed, fixed in formaldehyde 4% and the stomacal content was analyzed in stereo microscope, having written down itself it frequency of occurrence of the different item. The present work evidenced that it does not have natural predators and competitors in the environment and that the species have long reproductive period, with size of first maturation (L50) reduced in relation to other species of the sort. Successful establishments in environments with raised antropic influence, where the ecological relations had been reduced drastically, would have to cause modifications in the composition of all the local community. Nonetheless, in the reservoir made study, this appears to be a degree of slowing of the functions of this species with other native carnivorous fish, which could be supported by the wide variety, of foraging fish in the reservoir.
Trajetória tecnológica ambiental: o caso da tecnologia de reuso de água do Pólo Petroquímico do ABC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Pallerosi, Guilherme Guimaraes
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6092980231561163
We propose a reflection on the technological progress of the twentieth century and the significance of environmental technologies for the new millennium. The object of analysis are the hydrics resoucers capitation techniques from the petrochemical industry of São Paulo. The metropolitan region of São Paulo is one of most populous areas of the country and with high pluviometric level. In the end of the twentieth century, several factors made the hydrics resources a fundamental point for the productive system in this region, pressing for changes in water capitation technologies. The environmental technology of water reuse can be considered the unique technique really innovative between the others found during the field work. Even with the obvious advantages, a complex negociation appears necessary for making new technological paradigms. The modern development, occurred throughout the twentieth century, brought technological advances that deeply influenced the society ways of life and environment, causing the saturation of the current development model. The society patterns of production and consumption began to be questioned from the emergence of social values of environmental preservation. In this context, the environmental technologies have become an important object of study, both for economics and for the social sciences, contributing to undertanding of new technological paradigms.
Produção científica sobre a assistência de enfermagem em hipertensão arterial sistêmica na atenção primária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-03)
Pedrino, Helen Cristina
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Ogata, Márcia Niituma
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7528671068584780
Due to the importance of health care research in improving the health conditions of populations and in framing/planning of public policies and because of the existing gap between research and production activities, the purpose of this study was to look into the scientific literature about primary care nursing of hypertensive patients with regard to promoting health and avoiding complications, to reveal how professionals use these materials in their practices, and to analyze their social representations of the science, technology, and innovation permeating these activities. The first phase of this exploratory-analytical study comprised a bibliographical investigation at SciELO, using the Vantage Point software, and an analysis of the data based on references to health technology (101 studies were identified, from 58 research-universities). Subsequently, family care nurses from São Carlos, Brazil, were interviewed; their answers were systematized with the help of ALCESTE 4.5 and the emerging categories were analyzed in light of the Social Representations Theory. It was observed that most studies were of a descriptive nature, almost evenly divided into qualitative and quantitative designs. Most of them were carried out at public universities, made use of surveys and bibliographical research as technical procedures, and focused on hard-soft technologies. In the care of hypertensive patients, the 14 respondents used mainly soft nursing technologies, e.g., welcoming and relations, and pointed to the Family Health Program as the process facilitator par excellence, because of its focus on the person as opposed to the illness. Some of the reported difficulties were: shortage of human resources and the still prescriptive education of health personnel. This study also pointed to the rising number of articles on nursing in this field in the past three years and indicated that the nurses involved in the care of hypertensive patients regularly resorted to scientific knowledge found in the literature, adapting it to their realities, but were uninterested in producing it.
Combate ao crime organizado: um estudo do PCC e das instituições do sistema de justiça criminal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Freston, Rodrigo Braga
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5708888953972168
The purpose of our research is to study the characteristics and actions of the group known as Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), in their relations with the institutions of the criminal justice system (police subsystem and criminal justice, execution, and administration), and the ramifications of the series of attacks perpetrated by that organization between May and August of 2006. At first, we give a theoretical analysis of the police apparatus and organized crime to, in turn, investigate the emergence, structure, activities, and objectives of PCC. We also focus on the series of attacks on these dates, on their effects on the criminal organization and, above all, on the public institutions who combat them. We compare these institutions evolution and the relationship between them, attempting to establish the degree to which the series of attacks became a catalyst for institutional change and in what way it allowed for a greater approximation between the institutions that are a part of this system.
Análise e uso da informação em pequenas empresas de base tecnológica incubadas no pólo tecnológico de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Periotto, Caroline
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5072286647152834
The highly competitive global market environment, the recent technological advances, the importance of information as well as the volume of this information are responsible for the rapid changes in business enterprises, especially in the small businesses. In such market environment, the technology-based small enterprises (TBSE s) have excelled in incorporating innovation, strategic management of resources, generation of qualified jobs and salaries higher than the national average. It is necessary, however, to guarantee the maintenance of such competitiveness keeping in view their specificity in being small businesses and the fact that they face obstacles in their growth and consolidation. The analysis and adequate use of information offers an alternative to improve the position of these enterprises in the market and to procure new technologies helping them in their decision-taking processes. With these facts as the background, this work took, as its main objective, to study the manner in which the TBSE s analyze and use information and to propose a method based in the processes of decision-taking and competitive intelligence. Given the importance of the technology-based small enterprises, two groups of nascent enterprises of the Pólo Tecnológico de São Carlos, incubated in the São Carlos High Technology Park Foundation (ParqTec): (i) 15 enterprises belonging to the CINET/SOFTNET incubator of which four were generated by the Grants Program for the Development of New Enterprises with an Agricultural and Livestock Technology Base (PROETA); and (ii) 10 enterprises implanted in the Design Inn incubator. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources which served as the basis for the theoretical constructions of this study. These data lead to the results on: (i) Identification of characteristics and specificities of the investigated enterprises; (ii) Identification of the access and the use of information by the incubated TBSE s; (iii) Integration of a simplified method for the analysis and use of information based on the processes of decision-taking and competitive intelligence considering their specificities and the Brazilian realities, in such a way as to potentialize their improvement in the local decision processes and intelligence enhancement leading also to their consolidation and growth. The managers of TBSE s reflected on the questions raised about the information management and showed themselves receptive to the ideas. 72% of the managers perceived themselves to be motivated to adopt the information management process and 64% considered the process as a viable support system for decision-taking. It is hoped that the dissemination of the results of this study shall contribute toward the advancement of the knowledge and attitude of these enterprises in search for a competitive edge in the market and consequently toward the regional socioeconomic development.
Desafios das mudanças nos procedimentos da gestão empresarial: estudo de caso de empresa de manufatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Oliveira, Priscilla Moraes de
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Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9102939743202450
Organizations need to win the challenges of increasing macroeconomic forces of globalization and market competition, the requirements of government regulations and expectations of society. They are driven to improve the quality of their products and services with a corresponding cost reduction, innovation to boost growth, in addition to need more and more transcend the issues targeted purely by business for a performance conducted by the pursuit of economic sustainability, social environmental in a integrated way. To fit the complex reality present and future, organizations need to implement a new management procedure that facilitates the strengthening of strategies and their better dissemination throughout the structure. One line of research that concentrates its efforts in this field of knowledge is called the strategy execution culture, by Bossidy and Charan, by Hrebiniak and by other authors, which is based on establishing clear goals and strategies, with the division into all levels, in order to emphasize the crucial tasks of each employee to the goals and objectives of strategies to be achieved. Although it is known that many companies are deploying world-culturebased procedures for implementing the strategy, there are few scientific studies that contribute to better understanding and guidance on the execution and results, particularly in the Brazilian context, in which until 2009 had only a company in the deployment process. Given the importance and while the lack of information about the purpose of this paper is to study the concepts, factors influence the results and challenges arising from changes brought about in an organization, with the implementation of management procedures based the culture of the strategy. The work involved conducting a case study of the A.W. Faber-Castell S.A. that have implemented management procedures based on the strategy execution culture to carry out desk research combined with interviews, literature review, personal observations and other forms of gathering and analyzing information. Emphasis is given to the study of semiquantitative indicators and qualitative data on corporate strategy, the process of internal communication and leadership as a way of understanding their influences and outcomes, individual and synergistic effects associated with changes in management procedures. The main bottlenecks identified, the possible reasons and opportunities for improvement are also analyzed, including aspects related to social and environmental responsibility.
Visibilidade eleitoral: uma análise do enquadramento das revistas semanais sobre a candidatura de Heloísa Helena nas eleições presidenciais de 2006
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Gonçalves, Nathalia Augusta
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1242360351588987
The present study aims to discuss how women who are candidates for political office are represented in the media. In this way, we intend to perform a study that makes an intersection between three topics: gender, media and politics. The current literature has demonstrated that women who are candidate to political office have been under represented in the media. It is presupposed that the media has a great importance for the formation of political capital of those who desire to organize their carriers to reach the highest political office, that is, the Presidency. Therefore, it becomes indispensable to analyze how the candidates image is frequently presented in the media. In the present study, this will be done by focusing on the gender and analyzing the framework undertaken by the main Brazilian weekly news magazines on the candidacy of Heloisa Helena in the presidential elections in 2006.