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Combate ao crime organizado: um estudo do PCC e das instituições do sistema de justiça criminal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Freston, Rodrigo Braga
;
Martins Filho, João Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5708888953972168
The purpose of our research is to study the characteristics and actions of the group known as Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), in their relations with the institutions of the criminal justice system (police subsystem and criminal justice, execution, and administration), and the ramifications of the series of attacks perpetrated by that organization between May and August of 2006. At first, we give a theoretical analysis of the police apparatus and organized crime to, in turn, investigate the emergence, structure, activities, and objectives of PCC. We also focus on the series of attacks on these dates, on their effects on the criminal organization and, above all, on the public institutions who combat them. We compare these institutions evolution and the relationship between them, attempting to establish the degree to which the series of attacks became a catalyst for institutional change and in what way it allowed for a greater approximation between the institutions that are a part of this system.
Análise e uso da informação em pequenas empresas de base tecnológica incubadas no pólo tecnológico de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Periotto, Caroline
;
Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5072286647152834
The highly competitive global market environment, the recent technological advances, the importance of information as well as the volume of this information are responsible for the rapid changes in business enterprises, especially in the small businesses. In such market environment, the technology-based small enterprises (TBSE s) have excelled in incorporating innovation, strategic management of resources, generation of qualified jobs and salaries higher than the national average. It is necessary, however, to guarantee the maintenance of such competitiveness keeping in view their specificity in being small businesses and the fact that they face obstacles in their growth and consolidation. The analysis and adequate use of information offers an alternative to improve the position of these enterprises in the market and to procure new technologies helping them in their decision-taking processes. With these facts as the background, this work took, as its main objective, to study the manner in which the TBSE s analyze and use information and to propose a method based in the processes of decision-taking and competitive intelligence. Given the importance of the technology-based small enterprises, two groups of nascent enterprises of the Pólo Tecnológico de São Carlos, incubated in the São Carlos High Technology Park Foundation (ParqTec): (i) 15 enterprises belonging to the CINET/SOFTNET incubator of which four were generated by the Grants Program for the Development of New Enterprises with an Agricultural and Livestock Technology Base (PROETA); and (ii) 10 enterprises implanted in the Design Inn incubator. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources which served as the basis for the theoretical constructions of this study. These data lead to the results on: (i) Identification of characteristics and specificities of the investigated enterprises; (ii) Identification of the access and the use of information by the incubated TBSE s; (iii) Integration of a simplified method for the analysis and use of information based on the processes of decision-taking and competitive intelligence considering their specificities and the Brazilian realities, in such a way as to potentialize their improvement in the local decision processes and intelligence enhancement leading also to their consolidation and growth. The managers of TBSE s reflected on the questions raised about the information management and showed themselves receptive to the ideas. 72% of the managers perceived themselves to be motivated to adopt the information management process and 64% considered the process as a viable support system for decision-taking. It is hoped that the dissemination of the results of this study shall contribute toward the advancement of the knowledge and attitude of these enterprises in search for a competitive edge in the market and consequently toward the regional socioeconomic development.
Desafios das mudanças nos procedimentos da gestão empresarial: estudo de caso de empresa de manufatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Oliveira, Priscilla Moraes de
;
Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9102939743202450
Organizations need to win the challenges of increasing macroeconomic forces of globalization and market competition, the requirements of government regulations and expectations of society. They are driven to improve the quality of their products and services with a corresponding cost reduction, innovation to boost growth, in addition to need more and more transcend the issues targeted purely by business for a performance conducted by the pursuit of economic sustainability, social environmental in a integrated way. To fit the complex reality present and future, organizations need to implement a new management procedure that facilitates the strengthening of strategies and their better dissemination throughout the structure. One line of research that concentrates its efforts in this field of knowledge is called the strategy execution culture, by Bossidy and Charan, by Hrebiniak and by other authors, which is based on establishing clear goals and strategies, with the division into all levels, in order to emphasize the crucial tasks of each employee to the goals and objectives of strategies to be achieved. Although it is known that many companies are deploying world-culturebased procedures for implementing the strategy, there are few scientific studies that contribute to better understanding and guidance on the execution and results, particularly in the Brazilian context, in which until 2009 had only a company in the deployment process. Given the importance and while the lack of information about the purpose of this paper is to study the concepts, factors influence the results and challenges arising from changes brought about in an organization, with the implementation of management procedures based the culture of the strategy. The work involved conducting a case study of the A.W. Faber-Castell S.A. that have implemented management procedures based on the strategy execution culture to carry out desk research combined with interviews, literature review, personal observations and other forms of gathering and analyzing information. Emphasis is given to the study of semiquantitative indicators and qualitative data on corporate strategy, the process of internal communication and leadership as a way of understanding their influences and outcomes, individual and synergistic effects associated with changes in management procedures. The main bottlenecks identified, the possible reasons and opportunities for improvement are also analyzed, including aspects related to social and environmental responsibility.
Visibilidade eleitoral: uma análise do enquadramento das revistas semanais sobre a candidatura de Heloísa Helena nas eleições presidenciais de 2006
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Gonçalves, Nathalia Augusta
;
Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1242360351588987
The present study aims to discuss how women who are candidates for political office are represented in the media. In this way, we intend to perform a study that makes an intersection between three topics: gender, media and politics. The current literature has demonstrated that women who are candidate to political office have been under represented in the media. It is presupposed that the media has a great importance for the formation of political capital of those who desire to organize their carriers to reach the highest political office, that is, the Presidency. Therefore, it becomes indispensable to analyze how the candidates image is frequently presented in the media. In the present study, this will be done by focusing on the gender and analyzing the framework undertaken by the main Brazilian weekly news magazines on the candidacy of Heloisa Helena in the presidential elections in 2006.
Biofertilizante como ferramenta para incrementar a diversidade microbiana visando o manejo de doenças de plantas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Machado, Maria Augusta de Camargo Ferraz
;
Bettiol, Wagner
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4210103622262979
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2161395552450330
In this study were compared the community of yeasts in the phylloplane of lily a conventional system with high pesticide use, with an without pesticide use, with the use of biofertilizers and biocontrol agents; to evaluate the antagonism of yeast Sporidiobolus pararoseus isolated from leaves of lily on Botrytis cinerea; determined the microbial epiphytic in plant lily conventional and without pesticide use systems; characterized microbiological two biofertilizers produced aerobically, one from compost, earthworm-compost, yeast and molasses, and another from swine manure, poultry litter, bone meal and sugar; evaluated the effect of biofertilizers on plant growth-promoting and on the control of pathogens. We observed: the population of bacteria, Bacillus, yeasts and fungi in plants of lily conducted in the conventional system with high pesticide use is low and the population of these organisms is higher in plants cultivated in system without use of pesticides; S. pararoseus is the main component of the microbial community of the lily phyloplane in leaves treated with biofertilizer; S. pararoseus has potential in reducing the incidence and severity of B. cinerea and is essential to maintain a high population to act in the natural of biological control of the disease; biofertilizers as well as organic materials used in production have the potential to control pathogens; swine manure showed higher efficacy in reducing the mycelial growth of Pythium; biofertilizers promoted growth in the plants with the presence of NPK; biofertilizers did not control powdery mildew on zucchini squash, indicating that the effect of biofertilizers on plant diseases depends on the organic material and pathosystem.
O mundo e a mente: níveis de causalidades e níveis de conhecimento. A causalidade analítica cerebral do mundo na "mente" e a causalidade "mental" sintética do cérebro no mundo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Jablonski Junior, Sergio Jacques
;
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8864985279295912
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2138175219903636
Cognition and epistemology: the question of the physical causality knowledge as a state and as content. The problem of experience awareness and knowledge in an epistemic analysis of psychology and ontology of the mental, based on a survey of key about the demarcation of different levels for the constructivist knowledge and their mental operations. An important implication of this discussion epistemic (and ontological) is the question of power (or not) support a theoretical possibility of dialogue and interdisciplinary the different conceptual and methodological positions concerning the mental (and knowledge). Discussed in Part I of the possibility of a dialogue between the epistemological pluralism through an analysis comparative concepts that can be equalized if their bases logical to refer to the possibility of a common ontology related, and if this plurality is able to allow for non-exclusive between the terms of their epistemic theories in question. To make viable the possibility of a theoretical investigation of different epistemologies of mind (Part II), we take as criteria translation inter theoretical (our "Rosetta Stone") an analysis relational ontological levels of the three fundamental and irreducible, (the physical, biological and psychological), and the interface between the bio-neurological and psychological meanings occurs through a hierarchy of memories. These levels are defined by fundamental specific epistemologies, which present opportunities for intimate conceptual relationship when rationalized from a perspective ontology based on evolutionary principles (broad temporality) and informational (broad spatiality). In conclusion we present some considerations about the problem of integrating mind-brain through the concept of neural code, capable of playing (in fact a transduction) relational properties of the world standards relationships in the brain, the result is translated into knowledge with potential causal effective power over the world. Thus a system memory operating levels of the same neural code can be considered a psychological synthesis.
A casa e o quartel: uma análise antropológica sobre o exército e a família na Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Silva, Cristina Rodrigues da
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5036907198351191
The dissertation aims to accomplish an anthropological analysis on the family of the militaries. It seeks to understand the peculiar relationship between Army and Family, in which the very idea of Military Family indicates sometimes the military contingent of the institution; or the family in its private meaning (spouse and children) and sometimes all these elements together. An ethnographic research was carried out in Aman (Military Academy of the Agulhas Negras an institution of the Brazilian Army) and in its respective village between 2007 and 2008, where interviews were performed with couples that are configured in three different ways of family: couples in which only the husband is a military; couples in which both husband and wife are militaries and couples in which only the wife is a military. It is shown that the life of the family is linked to the military occupation of the spouse, in such a way that there is an expected military family model , being operated (to some extent) by the Army and that reflects, in particular, the case of the families in which only the husband is a military. The other familial forms present some tensions to this native model, where the main disruption occurs on the configuration of the woman s gender. Still, there seems to be "adjustments" to the native model and these new arrangements remain tied to the military life. It investigates cases of formal regulation, exchange relationships (principles of unity and solidarity among the families), social constraints (surveillance and gossip), and finally the construction of an entire symbolic apparatus, in which the Army maps roles, obligations and benefits of the officers families. Thus, it is apparent that the Army embraces the families. However, it is also pointed out that there is a double movement between home (here understood as the family of the military - spouses and children relationship, and close relatives) and barracks (relations of the military bases). Not only the barracks determines the relations in the house, but also the house determines the relations in the barracks.
A política social de economia solidária : um estudo de caso do município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Capacle, Camila
;
Engelmann, Fabiano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1380866622125077
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770385641668545
The Solidary Economy is a practice of generating employment and income, existing in thousands of Brazilian municipalities and communities, and over a hundred of city halls have been investing efforts and human, physical and financial resources in this alternative. The Solidary Economy has won status of national policy, but faces the great challenge of consolidate itself as a State policy. This work aims to analyze the municipality of Sao Carlos public policy of Solidary Economy between the years of 2001 to 2009. From the analysis of public policies methodology and redoing the trajectory of the social policies in Brazil, the research seeks to show up the social construction of Solidary Economy as a public policy, presenting a model of this policy in municipal/local level. The analysis of Sao Carlos policy of Solidary Economy demonstrates the existence of guidelines on the implementation and consolidation of Solidary Economy as a State policy, with prominence for three points: the creation and approval of a Legal Mark; the establishment and utilization of financial Founds of policy and, finally, the social and political organization of the solidary enterprises and the social movement. However, despite the construction of these jurisdictions in the municipality, we verified that the universality and range which characterize a public policy just are possible through a National Unique System, with public sponsorship and mechanisms of relation and induction between federative beings.
Dados de sobrevivência multivariados na presença de covariáveis e observações censuradas: uma abordagem bayesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-04)
Santos, Carlos Aparecido dos
;
Achcar, Jorge Alberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3125027713681936
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9815695664903858
In this work, we introduce a Bayesian Analysis for survival multivariate data in the presence of a covariate vector and censored observations. Different frailties or latent variables are considered to capture the correlation among the survival times for the same individual. We also introduce a Bayesian analysis for some of the most popular bivariate exponential distributions introduced in the literature. A Bayesian analysis is also introduced for the Block & Basu bivariate exponential distribution using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods and considering lifetimes in presence of covariates and censored data. In another topic, we introduce a Bayesian Analysis for bivariate lifetime data in the presence of covariates and censoring data assuming different bivariate Weibull distributions derived from some existing copula functions. A great computational simplification to simulate samples for the joint posterior distribution is obtained using the WinBUGS software. Numerical illustrations are introduced considering real data sets considering every proposed methodology.
Modelo de mistura padrão com tempos de vida exponenciais ponderados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Gouveia, Bruno Pauka
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Rodrigues, Josemar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4359114733394761
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170163655816572
In this work, we brie_y introduce the concepts of long-term survival analysis. We dedicated ourselves exclusively to the standard mixture cure model from Boag (1949) and Berkson & Gage (1952), showing its deduction and presenting the imunes probability function, which is taken from the model itself and we investigated the identi_ability issues of the mixture model. Motivated by the possibility that a experiment design can lead to a biased sample selection, we studied the weighted probability distributions, more speci_cally the weighted exponential distributions family and its properties. We studied two distributions that belong to this family; namely, the length biased exponential distribution and the beta exponential distribution. Using the GAMLSS package in R, we made some simulation studies intending to evidence the bias that occur when the possibility of a weighted sample is ignored.
Dificuldades para a atualização de versão do sistema ERP R/3 da SAP: estudo de caso em empresa do segmento de bebidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Valentim, Onivaldo Aparecido
;
Politano, Paulo Rogério
Many companies which adopted ERP systems in the past are frequently reluctant tostart new projects to upgrade the technology to newer versions. The decision is difficult due to thelong time of the project, the amount of financial investments and internal workforcerequired for the job, which are usually similar to the original ERP implementation. This work has asproposal a research and analisys of the apparently large demand of resources necessary to upgradethe versions of ERP R/3 systems. Firstly, a review in literature is made to present the arquitecture, characteristics and concepts of modules and funcionalities of these ERPs systems. It is alsoincluded the study of the life cicle of ERPs systems and its interfaces with legacy systems. Insequence, the versions upgrade subject is explored, where this author suggests that upgrade ofversions gives new life to ERPs systems and discuss how the suppliers share the ERP´s market andfinally explore the kinds of upgrades available for these systems. After these studies, twoquestionnaires are made to obtain data. This research is a Unique Case study type and has asobjective to describe the behavior of critic factors of implementation during an upgrade of ERPsystems, verifying if the demands are justified.
Caracterização e aplicação de zeólitas naturais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Soares, Fernanda Santiago Chaves
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2088822326421565
Zeolites are aluminosilicates with a three dimensional framework structure bearing AlO4 and SiO4 tetrahedra. These are linked to each other by sharing all of the oxygen to form interconnected cages and channels containing mobile water molecules and exchangeable cations. In this work, samples of natural zeolites, originating from mines in different countries, were characterized by physical and chemical methods and then evaluated as an adsorbent material for contaminants commonly found in industrial effluents. The micro devices construction was based on LTCC technology with zeolite inside and using the zeolite as a natural fertilizer support in a fertirrigation experiment employing vinasse in alfafa culture. The characterization experiments showed that the samples Zeolite 1 and Zeolite 2 consist in zeolites of the chinoptilolite type and the composition that the Zeolite 3 in maiming predominated by stilbite zeolite. Adsorption studies indicated the ability of the use of zeolites to metallic ions metal Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), K(I), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) remotion from aqueous solutions and the possibility to remove of PO4 3- anion pre-concentration. The three evaluated zeolites showed capacity to remove Cr(III) and Pb(II) higher then other studied analytes. Time and pH were evaluated owing their interference in the ions adsorption ability. Miniaturized natural zeolite device inside the LTCC was construed and applied to aqueous ions adsorption presented be versatile in different system s detection. In the fertirrigation experiment was possible to detect the positive influence of the zeolite to increase the alfafa productivity.
Micro-regularidade Gevrey de soluções de sistemas involutivos de edp's não lineares de primeira ordem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Barostichi, Rafael Fernando
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Petronilho, Gerson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5917989984472668
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3582461114222090
Let u be a C2 solution for a Gevrey involutive system of _rst order nonlinear partial di_erential equations. In this work, we show that the Gevrey wave front set of order s of u is contained in the characteristic set of the involutive structure generated by the linearized operators associated to the given system. Our approach includes the study of Gevrey approximate solutions, a concept which we believe is of independent interest and could be applied to much more general situations.
Propriedade de Wecken para pontos periódicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Souza, Rafael Moreira de
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Vendrúscolo, Daniel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602232587914830
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2229252131317138
The objective of this work is to present some procedures for orbits of periodic points class to relate the full Nielsen-Jiang periodic point of a self map of a manifold of dimension greater than three with the cardinality of the set of periodic points of some map homotopic the first application. In this way, the theorem which we want to proof is: Wecken s Theorem for periodic points: For any self map f : X → X of a PL-manifold of dimension greater than tree and a natural number n there exists a map g : X → X homotopic to f such that #FIX(gn) = NFn(f). Great part of results studied has much technical proofs, and so this work requires skill with some classical results of algebraic topology, homotopy theory and theory of fixed points, such as approximations of functions and Hopf-construction . However, there is not needed broad theoretical knowledge. What we mean is that we almost always use same ideas in different ways.
Construção, implementação e avaliação de um programa de alfabetização tecnológica multissensorial para alunos incluídos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Saglia, Isaac Rodrigues
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9572549180400316
This study aims: to build, implement and evaluate a Multissensorial Technological Literacy Program, built from the essential components of different methods and procedures of literacy, focused on students included in regular class, exploring different sensory modalities, because it unites hearing (phonological awareness), vision (pictograms), taste (flavor and stimuli) and tactile- synesthetic (touch, move), thus enriching their appropriation with computer games. Students who participated in this research are in condition: Intellectual Disabilities, Conduct Disorder, Dyslexia and Dislalia, all includes the final series of the Elementary School, a public school in a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo. The Program for Technological Literacy Multissensorial was outlined in seven steps: acquisition of vowels, phonemes deaf, phonemes, digraphs, archiphonemes, consonant cluster with /r/ and the consonant group with /l/. The interventions were divided into three sessions a week, remaining for 45 to 60 minutes in a classroom. The data show that there was an average use of participants in relation to pre-test compared to post-test, and was at Stage II: 77% to 97%, Stage III: 64% to 83%, Stage IV: from 22% to 69%; Stage V: 14% to 57%, Stage VI: 63% to 96%, and in Stage VII: 45% to 78%. Based on the results, it is suggested that this study be reapplied with a different population and greater number of participants.
Estudo químico e biológico de micro-organismos endofíticos associados às frutas banana, pêra e goiaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Medeiros, Lívia Soman de
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404733691134037
Studies about interaction between microorganisms and plants are focused mainly in the vegetal tissues like roots, steam and leaves. Fruits are a right target for microorganism attacks. Nevertheless, endophytic microorganisms isolated from fruits, seems to be not so explored in chemical point of view. Thus, in this work, it was developed the chemical study about the metabolism referred to endophytic microorganisms from edible fruits, commonly consumed in Brazil: banana, pear, apple and guava fruit. Through HPLC/UV analysis, it were realized and compared, the isolated microorganisms metabolic development, in different media cultures. It was included the media with the proper host fruits. The indolic alkaloid n-acetiltryptamine was isolated from a extract of the bacteria associated to the pear fruit (BP1). From the extracts of guava fruit endophytic fungus, Cladosporium uredinicola (FG1), it were isolated four new depsides in literature: 3-hidroxi-2,5-dimetilfenil 2,4-diidroxi-3,6-dimetilbenzoate (D1), 3-hidroxi-2,4,5-trimetilfenil 2,4-diidroxi-3,6-dimetilbenzoate(D2), 3-hidroxi-2,5- dimetilfenil 3-[(2,4-diidroxi-3,6-dimetilbenzoatoil)oxi]-6-hidroxi-2,4-dimetilbenzoate (D3) e 3-hidroxi-2,4,5-trimetilfenil 3-[(2,4-diidroxi-3,6-dimetilbenzoatoil)oxi]-6- hidroxi-2,4-dimetilbenzoate (D4). The identification of these metabolites was performed according to the respective data from RMN 1 D and 2D, and MS of high and low resolution. It was checked the MIC intervals of D1, D3 and D4 against five tested bacteria. It was realized the bactericide activity of D1 in a concentration of 25μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. It was also verified the photosynthesis inhibitory activity of depsides D1 and D3 produced by the fungus. The fungus C.uredinicola, showed a great depsides production ability. However, this production showed signifcants alterations when fenolic substrates were given to the fungus, in a usual culture media. The estimative of D3 and D4 production curve was also established. The LC-MS/MS technique use, allowed the selective depsides D3 and D4 detection in guava fruit extract, in low concentration ranges.
Ecologia da população de Pachystroma longifolium (Ness). I.M. Johnst. em área fragmentada de um remanescente de mata atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Alcalá, Melina
;
Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7782163752432829
This study investigated the structure of spatial and ontogenetic stages of the species Pachystroma longifolium (Euphorbiaceae) in semideciduous forest in São Carlos, identifying and describing the post-germinative ontogenetic stages that characterize the development of the species, besides investigate whether the patterns allometric vary within and/or between ontogenetics stages. The spatial pattern was obtained using the aggregation index with the objective to check there are differences in spatial distribution pattern between ontogenetic stages and if these are determined by the preference of niches facilitators or arising from dispersion autochoric. In 1 ha were found 202 individuals and 4 ontogenetic stages were obtained: juvenile, immature, adult vegetative and reproductive adult. No seedlings were found in the plots and senile, which may be related to micro-environmental variation of the area or characteristics of the species. The branching pattern shown followed the Massart's architectural model, which is characteristic of species well adapted to low light conditions. All ontogenetic stages showed significant differences in height and diameter, indicating that they facing different environmental conditions and there is a great way allometric for each stage or group of stages, allowing for the best trade-off between stem diameter and height of plant. The population shows a patchy distribution, and the juveniles were those with the largest index of aggregation. Could not detect an effect of percentage of soil moisture on the distribution and density of individuals. As for the effect of percentage of canopy in the dry and rainy seasons, the correlation was positive and significant for the immature stage and the total of individuals in the area. The clustered pattern found for the population may be related both to autochoric dispersal strategies, as with the characteristics of the species.
Agricultura familiar e gestão de custos: um estudo de caso na região do semi-árido baiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Alves, Carmen de Almeida
;
Beskow, Paulo Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161071913937928
This study aimed to learn the accounting controls and strategies for production planning undertaken by the farmers cooperative of Family Agriculture Cooperative of Canudos Uauá and Curaçá - COOPERCUC - situated in the semi-arid environments. The survey also emphasized the importance of participation by gender and the benefits arising from the programs of public policies in the training of family income. This research was based on the science of agroecology that have as a multidisciplinary scientific approach, knowledge and experiences of the farmers themselves. To foster social participation and the perception of farmers on the importance of the use of accounting control rural family in economic planning, we used an alternative methodology playful, constructivist, participatory and reflective collude with the Science of Agroecology. The survey will serve to reflect the family farmer in its importance in the political and economic region and the country, especially its power to influence government decisions and effective public policies for this segment. Taking as a motivational tool string dynamics for the participatory construction of knowledge that has been proven to promote an educational process by considering the cultural knowledge, social environment in the discussion group on economic management within the unit and how this affects the endogenous development site.
Dispositivo óptico para medida em tempo real da birrefringência de polímeros durante a extrusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Soares, Kinglston
;
Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671657131724834
The main objectives of this project were the development and application of an optical device to measure in real time the flow induced birefringence during the polymer extrusion. The linearly polarized light intensity transmitted through the molten polymer flowing in the slit-die is converted into birefringence via its relation with the optical path difference (OPD). The optical device was calibrated on the bench with the use of polycarbonate sheets with known OPD values. In addition, a methodology was developed to deduct the contribution of the strain birefringence of the transparent glass windows of the Rheophotometer. As flow polymers three polystyrene grades were showsen because of their high flow birefringence. The polymer flow temperature and the slit-die inlet pressure were assessed analyzing their effect in the polymer flow birefringence during extrusion. The results show a good relation with the rheological behavior of the polymer. Increasing the melt temperature there is a reduction in the inlet pressure of the slit-die lowering the birefringence flow values due to the increase of the random molecular motions. Both reduce the intensity of secondary forces that could contribute to the orientation. The greater the feeding rate the higher the chain orientation raising the birefringence values. As polymers are pseudoplastic increases in the shear stress leads to chain orientation in the flow direction. At a constant inlet pressure in the slit-die the higher the molecular weight of the polymer the higher the chain orientation producing higher flow birefringence values. These results do show the good quantitative performance of the optical device developed.
Síntese e caracterização de nanocatalisadores de platina suportados aplicados à reação de reforma do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010-03-05)
Meira, Debora Motta
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1626800080600447
Colloidal Nanoparticles of Platinum (Pt-NPs) were obtained by reducing hexacloroplatinic acid with ethylene glycol in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as protective agent of the particles. Two methods of synthesis were performed which differed by the ratio PVP / Pt used. The synthesis of nanoparticles was accompanied by measures in the UV-visible from of which it was possible to determine the end of the reaction. The Pt-NPs were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) that determined the average diameter of particles (~ 2.0 nm). After the synthesis, the Pt-NPs were incorporated into the supports of alumina and alumina promoted with cerium and cerium-zirconium which were prepared by sol-gel method. Supporters with nanoparticles incorporated were then subjected to heat treatment have sought the formation of stable catalysts and without the presence of protective polymer, as this could affect the activity of the catalyst by covering the active sites. Through X-ray diffraction and TEM images it was possible to monitor the stability of samples after heat treatment and the samples that were synthesized with higher PVP were more stable. Measures of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy in situ allowed the characterization of the samples in the reaction atmosphere. Through the analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) was observed morphological changes in the particles caused by the increase in temperature showing that there is an increase in the number of atoms of low coordination when samples are heated which favors the reaction of steam reforming of methane. Through studies of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) in the edges L2 and L3 of Pt was possible to monitor how the electron density of the catalysts varies in reaction conditions. Moreover, the catalysts were also tested catalysts. Measures of dispersion were obtained by the reaction of dehydrogenation of cyclohexane and catalysts made of alumina promoted with cerium and cerium-zirconium displayed less dispersion due to the coating caused by the support. The catalysts in which the particles were synthesized with a higher amount of PVP, because of its stability, were subjected to the reaction of steam reforming of methane and proved active. This reaction was used to calculate the value of the apparent activation energy. The catalysts containing promoters were more active than the catalyst only alumina thus showing the role of support in this reaction. Therefore, this system has proved very interesting to study the catalytic properties in reactions sensitive to the structure since the nanoparticles present are monodispersed and the catalyst is stable under reaction conditions allowing the study of structural and electronic properties.